CN104446913B - A kind of Sargassum graft type fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Sargassum graft type fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104446913B CN104446913B CN201410644762.5A CN201410644762A CN104446913B CN 104446913 B CN104446913 B CN 104446913B CN 201410644762 A CN201410644762 A CN 201410644762A CN 104446913 B CN104446913 B CN 104446913B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizer production, specifically discloses a kind of Sargassum graft type fertilizer and preparation method thereof.The fertilizer particle diameter is 2.5 3.5mm, and with compound fertilizer as kernel, kernel particle diameter is 23 mm, has been respectively coated by the core surface successively：Agent is lost in control, and thickness is 50 60 g/m2；Water-retaining agent, thickness are 60 80 g/m2；And oil film, thickness is 50 70 g/m2.Compound fertilizer's kernel, control are lost agent, water-retaining agent and oil film etc. in certain sequence with the Sargassum graft type fertilizer that the present invention is provided and thickness is organically combined, form three layers or more than three layers of peplos, compound fertilizer is closed wherein as kernel, reduce the loss of nutrient, nutrient substance required for plant growth can not only be provided, and nutrient can be adsorbed, prevent nutrient loss, crop yield and quality is improved, is the environmental friendly fertilizer of a kind of water conservation, fertilizer conservation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizer production, and in particular to a kind of Sargassum graft type fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Moisture and fertilizer are two key factors of plant growth, and when moisture and the uncoordinated confession of fertilizer are seasonable, crop can not
Normal growth.Excessive chemical fertilizer of applying not only suppresses plant growth, and unnecessary fertilizer flows into water body, also result in rivers and
The body eutrophication in lake, pollutes water environment.Meanwhile, seasonal drought is also the significant obstacle factor for limiting agricultural production.
In recent years, how to prevent nutrient, water loss from having become focus of concern.In order to solve liquid manure utilize with agricultural production it
Between contradiction, various controls are lost agent and are arisen at the historic moment with water-retaining agent, and they improve crop growth conditions to a certain extent, cause people
Extensive concern.But control is lost agent and not only increase work number of times and cost is used alone with water-retaining agent, and it is difficult to and fertilizer
There is reciprocal action in nutrient, largely reduce their effect.Therefore, in the urgent need to one kind can water conservation, and can control
The environmental friendly fertilizer of inhibition and generation fertilizer loss, this are significant to improving chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, alleviation damage caused by a drought.
Agent is lost in the control that ion beam bioengineering key lab of the Chinese Academy of Sciences develops, by carrying out thing to attapulgite
Reason and bio-modification, will attapulgite carry out with organic flocculant polyacrylamide and inorganic flocculating agent PAFC etc.
Compounding, the material after compounding can form huge interpenetrating networks, and " net is caught " lives chemical fertilizer nutrient, reduce nutrient and pass through leaching, runoff
And the loss of 3 kinds of approach of volatilization, can reduce by 20%～60% nitrogen loss, reach raising chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, reduce pollution, change
The purpose of kind environment.Control is lost agent and can adsorb nutrient by its special network structure, the loss and volatilization of prevention nutrient and quilt
Crops effectively absorb, and improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, are the directions of new-type fertilizer development in recent years.Such as Chen Tianhe inventions one
Plant fertilizer synergistic control and lose agent（Number of patent application 201210581401.1）, it is by nitrogen stabilizer, biosurfactant, biology
Compoiste fermented aminoacid, metal ion chelation agent, soil conditioner and water composition, can significantly improve P use efficiency, make
Increasing crop yield is increased income, but it does not have and fertilizer, is acted on single, it is impossible to nutritional labeling reciprocal action, and individually applied
With relatively costly.The urea controlled release fertilizer of leaf Guo Gang inventions（Number of patent application 201110117028.X）Urea fertilizer is lost agent with control
Combine, liquid manure interaction, it is to avoid Nutrient water loss improves the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer, but only nitrogen nutrition, and nutrient supplies
Should be single.With the development of agricultural, research worker is more and more deep to the research that agent is lost in control, except individually agent is lost in control, also grinds
Make a series of controls and lose the control mistake fertilizer that agent is combined with fertilizer, but be all that control is lost agent simply to mix with fertilizer, not by control
Lose agent to be wrapped in outside fertilizer kernel, agent is not lost in control also and is combined with water-retaining agent.
Water-retaining agent, also known as water absorbing agent, moisture preserving agent, agricultural frozen glue, hydrated soil, soil conditioner, polywater in agricultural application
Glue etc., is the general designation of water absorbent polymer, mainly has 4 types, complete synthesis type, graft modification with cellulose type, starch-grafted changes
Property type and natural type.Application of all kinds in agricultural has test and reports, but is assembled by different proportion with dissimilar
Compound water retaining agent product represent the direction of in the future development.Sodium alginate is a kind of hydrophilic colloidal sol, containing a large amount of carboxyls and
Hydroxyl, has some reports, vast stretch of wooded country beautiful jade etc. to carry out etherificate alginic acid as water-retaining agent the grafting of sodium alginate at present both at home and abroad
The research of sodium modified water absorbent resin, sodium alginate is carried out etherification modified, to improve its compatibility and chemical stability, but simultaneously
This kind of water-absorbing resin is not applied to agriculturally, more which is not combined to form the water keeping fertilizer of retain water and nutrients with fertilizer.
The sodium alginate grafted acrylate copolymerization of the inventions such as Liu Yunhai and the preparation method of super-strong moisture absorbing resin（Number of patent application
200410013085.3）, the resin that obtains has preferable biocompatibility and water absorption is strong, water-retaining property and good salt tolerance, but with
Sample is not applied to agriculturally.Zhu Linhui etc. to the preparation of montmorillonite/sodium alginate graft acrylic acid high-hydroscopicity complex and
Absorption property is studied, and the clay mineral that specific surface area is big, cation exchange capacity is higher is mixed with water absorbent polymer
Composite water absorbing material is formed, production cost is significantly reduced, is improved properties of product.The research Ammonium persulfate. such as witch's arch is raw and carbamide and
Thiourea is separately constituted under APS-U and APS-TU redox initiation systems, the graft reaction of sodium alginate and acrylonitrile, but propylene
Nitrile has severe toxicity, if grafting not exclusively can produce certain harm to human body.In the world, Yadav etc. is grafted to sodium alginate
AMPS/ montmorillonites and its water absorbing properties are studied, and Muratinal etc. have studied sodium alginate grafted polyethylene to biological second
The raising of alcohol production amount.Research sodium alginate being grafted by above forefathers found, the grafting method of sodium alginate by
Gradually ripe, the monomer of grafting is also varied, but in terms of being applied to mostly medicine and industrial flocculant, in terms of being applied to agriculture and forestry
Almost do not have, for water conservation control lose fertilizer even more few.
In recent years, domestic patent and document about water keeping fertilizer has：The developments such as China Agricultural University Hu Shuwen containing many
The agricultural water keeping fertilizer of the cationic of kind of nutritional labeling（Number of patent application 200710117740.3）, it is by cationic high water absorption
Property resin and Chelating state nutritional solution compounding form, with salt tolerant, drought resisting, water conservation, the effect of improved soil；The one of Yang Yongkang inventions
Planting nourishing water-loss reducer is formed with the physical mixed such as kieselguhr, zeolite, carbamide, potassium sulfate compounding with a kind of water-retaining agent, and product is resistance to
Salt is poor；A kind of ammonium salt hydrogel for storing fertile effect with water conservation of the inventions such as south China agricultural university Liao Zong Wen is to store ammonium fertilizer
It is stored in gel；A kind of double-effect water-protecting fertiliser of the inventions such as Bi Jun（Number of patent application 200710308070.3）, being will be biochemical yellow
Fertilizer and the polyacrylamides such as rotten acid, carbamide, calcium ammonium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, polyacrylic acid potassium salt copolymer, attapulgite are mixed
Close crushing pelletize to form, raw material is sufficiently mixed by this water keeping fertilizer by physical method, and water-retaining property is poor；Woods Xiao Ming invention
A kind of the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly（Number of patent application 201210588309.8）, by coated slow release fertilizer or low solubility slow release fertilizer, guarantor
Water preparation, biological bacteria, humic acidss, soil conditioner are mixed, it is possible to decrease fertilizer is because of the loss caused by volatilization, leaching, control
Environmental pollution.It can be seen that, the most of water keeping fertilizers on market today are by simple physical mixed system by water-retaining agent with fertilizer
Into, but the base cation in fertilizer has a great impact to water-retaining agent, it will usually substantially reduce the water-absorbing-retaining effect of water-retaining agent
Really.The thesis for the doctorate of He Xusheng《The development and evaluation of water preserving type film coated urea fertilizer》The water preserving type film coated urea fertilizer of research will
Water-retaining agent is separated with fertilizer, but nutritional labeling is single, only on urea granules surface by a kind of potassium water-retaining agent polymerization film formation
A kind of nitrogen nutrition, it is impossible to meet demand of the plant to multiple nutrients.A kind of environment-friendly coated fertilizer of Cao Yu inventions（Patent application
Numbers 201110275715.4）, the environment-friendly coated fertilizer includes chemical fertilizer granule and being wrapped in the peplos on granulated fertilizer surface, wherein structure
Material into controlled release peplos is many aldehyde radical oxidation of polysaccharides and albumen, and in its outer layer covers super absorbent resin, but outermost layer
Super absorbent resin expose in its natural state easily moisture absorption deliquescence, cause water keeping fertilizer to fail.
Content of the invention
The present invention be directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of Sargassum graft type fertilizer, the fertilizer by compound fertilizer's kernel,
Control loses agent, water-retaining agent and oil film etc. in certain sequence and thickness is organically combined, and is layered peplos, can not only provide needed for plant growth
The nutrient substance that wants, and nutrient can be adsorbed, nutrient loss is prevented, crop yield and quality is improved, is a kind of water conservation, fertilizer conservation
Environmental friendly fertilizer.
It is a further object to provide a kind of preparation method of Sargassum graft type fertilizer.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs：
A kind of Sargassum graft type fertilizer, the fertilizer are 2.5-3.5mm, and with compound fertilizer as kernel, kernel particle diameter is 2-3
Mm, has been respectively coated by successively in the core surface：Agent is lost in control, and thickness is 50-60 g/m2；Water-retaining agent, thickness are 60-80 g/
m2；And oil film, thickness is 50-70 g/m2.
The fertilizer in certain sequence by compound fertilizer's kernel, control lose agent, water-retaining agent and oil film layering peplos, make control lose agent,
Water-retaining agent and oil film layering play a role.If water-retaining agent is adhered directly on compound fertilizer's kernel, compound fertilizer component is to water conservation
Agent has a significant impact, and will substantially reduce the water-absorbing-retaining effect of water-retaining agent；If water-retaining agent sticks to the outermost layer of the fertilizer,
Water-retaining agent exposes in its natural state easily moisture absorption deliquescence, is unfavorable for preserving, and causes fertilizer to fail.The effect of oil film is to prevent
Only water-retaining agent moisture absorption, deliquescence, caking, are conducive to the storage and transport of fertilizer.The present invention also specify control and lose agent, water-retaining agent and oil
Film thickness and the particle diameter of the fertilizer, make the fertilizer while abundant water-absorbing-retaining, control fertility are lost in, it may have promote
The several functions such as root, slow release, soil conditioning, improve the utilization rate of moisture and fertilizer.
Preferably, the water-retaining agent is prepared by sodium alginate or alginic acid graft acrylic acid or/and acrylamide,
The water-retaining agent is the 2.5%-5% of total fertilizer quality.
Preferably, agent is lost in the control includes each component of following mass fraction：Water 10-30 parts；Ethanol 25-35 parts；Concavo-convex
Rod soil or/and bentonite 20-40 parts；Sodium pyrophosphate 1-5 parts；Molasses powder or/and potassium fulvate 10-30 parts；Pulvis Talci 3-10 parts；
Polyacrylamide or/and polyacrylic acid 0.5-5 parts；At least one in Polyethylene Glycol, polyvinyl alcohol or POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL, gross mass
1-10 parts；At least one in methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or hydroxyethyl cellulose, gross mass 1-5 part；The control
Lose the 0.5%-1% that agent is total fertilizer quality.
Preferably, compound fertilizer's kernel includes each component of following mass fraction：Carbamide, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ureaformaldehyde, grass
One or more in amide, butylene two ureas of fork or IBDU, gross mass 20-40 part；MAP, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) or mistake
One or more in calcium phosphate, gross mass 10-30 part；One or more in potassium chloride, potassium sulfate or plant ash, gross mass
20-40 parts；One or more in biochemical fulvic acid, humic acid or aminoacid, gross mass 5-30 part；Described compound fertilizer's kernel
92-95% for total fertilizer quality.
Preferably, compound fertilizer's kernel also includes one or more in soybean cake, rapeseed cake, sesame-send cake or peanut cake,
Gross mass 5-20 part.
Preferably, the oil film is made up of paraffin, vegetable oil, Oleum Terebinthinae, and mass ratio is paraffin：Vegetable oil：Oleum Terebinthinae=
1:2:2.
Preferably, bentonite, the oil film and the 1%- that bentonite total amount is total fertilizer quality are also enclosed with outside the oil film
3%.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned Sargassum graft type fertilizer, comprises the steps：
S1. compound fertilizer's inner core particles are prepared, fertilizer is weighed by formula, mixed, pelletize, sieving for standby；
S2. press formula and prepare control mistake agent, control is lost agent uniform adhesion on compound fertilizer's inner core particles surface, is dried；
S3. water-retaining agent is prepared, is pulverized and sieved, the particle surface that water-retaining agent uniform adhesion is formed in S2；
S4. the particle surface for finally being formed in S3 wraps up one layer of oil film, dries, packaging, obtains the Sargassum graft type fertilizer
Material, particle diameter are 2.5-3.5 mm；
Or, step S4 is that the particle surface formed in S3 wraps up oil film and bentonite successively, dries, and packaging obtains institute
Sargassum graft type fertilizer is stated, particle diameter is 2.5-3.5 mm.
Preferably, the step of preparing water-retaining agent described in S3 is as follows：
S31. by sodium alginate or alginic acid heating for dissolving in alkali liquor, obtain sodium alginate that mass concentration is 2-8% or
Sargassum acid solution；
S32. monomer is dissolved, is added in S31 solution；
S33. initiator is dissolved in after water and is added in S32 solution, half an hour adds by several times；
S34. cross-linking agent is added, is reacted 3 hours at 70 DEG C；
S35. reaction terminates post-drying, pulverizes and sieves and obtains water-retaining agent；
The monomer is acrylic acid, and degree of neutralization is 60-90%；
Or, the monomer is combining for acrylic acid and acrylamide, and ratio is 1:1 ~ 5, it is dissolved in the mass concentration after water
For 20 ~ 25%；
The initiator is ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfite, is dissolved in the mass concentration after water for 1-2%, and consumption is monomer
0.5-1%；
The cross-linking agent is N,N methylene bis acrylamide, and it is 0.5 ~ 1% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, and consumption is single
The 0.1-0.5% of body；
The ratio of the sodium alginate or alginic acid and monomer is 1:3~7.
Preferably, drying temperature described in S35 is 60 DEG C, crosses 100 mesh sieves after crushing.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
（1）Compound fertilizer's kernel, control are lost agent, water-retaining agent and oil film etc. by certain by the Sargassum graft type fertilizer that the present invention is provided
Order and thickness are organically combined, and form three layers or more than three layers of peplos, compound fertilizer is closed wherein as kernel, is reduced
The loss of nutrient, can not only provide the nutrient substance required for plant growth, and can adsorb nutrient, prevent nutrient loss,
Crop yield and quality is improved, is the environmental friendly fertilizer of a kind of water conservation, fertilizer conservation.
（2）Control is lost agent and is wrapped in outside fertilizer kernel by the present invention, fertilizer and control is lost agent in research different from the past direct
Mixing, reduces the impact that fertilizer loses agent to control so as to preferably play a role.Water-retaining agent and control are lost agent again to combine, outermost
Layer cladding oil film and bentonite, prevent water-retaining agent moisture absorption, deliquescence, caking, are conducive to the storage and transport of fertilizer, while being conducive to
Seed manure is same to be broadcast.Fertilizer of the present invention improves the utilization rate of fertilizer through multi-coated, while reducing the shadow between each composition
Ring so as to which layering plays a role, improve utilization ratio.
（3）Compound fertilizer's kernel of the present invention uses controlled-release fertilizer, is conducive to the slow release of nutrient, extends fertilizer efficiency；
Agent is lost in control of the present invention, is modified compounding to attapulgite or bentonite, forms special network structure, adsorbs nutrient,
Prevent to be lost in, the dual command for being implemented in combination with liquid manure of agent and water-retaining agent is lost in control, improves the utilization rate of moisture and fertilizer；This
Invention fertilizer outermost layer parcel oil film and bentonite, are prevented from fertilizer agglomeration so as to good laxity, are conducive to planting
Fertilizer is same to be broadcast.
（4）Water-retaining agent of the present invention be by sodium alginate or alginic acid graft acrylic acid or acrylic acid and acrylamide,
By coordinating the proportioning of acrylic acid and acrylamide, water retention property is significantly improved, and Water-saving effect is good.Also, guarantor of the present invention
Water preparation is nontoxic, good biocompatibility, around root system of plant forms one " miniature reservoir ", absorbs storage when moisture is sufficient
Water point, directly provides plant moisture when arid, improve plant drought ability, meanwhile, it can also absorb fertilizer and slowly discharge,
Increase fertilizer efficiency.
（5）Fertilizer organic-inorganic nutrition of the present invention is mutually coordinated, can provide for the growth course of plant enough
Nutrient, while the crumb structure of soil can also be improved, increases water penetration and breathability, and then increasing both production and income.
（6）In the present invention, water conservation agent producing process simplifies, it is not necessary to logical nitrogen, operates simple and convenient, and production efficiency is higher,
Low production cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that Sargassum graft type fertilizer protects A, the outward appearance for protecting B and anatomic observation figure.
Fig. 2 is that Sargassum graft type fertilizer is protected A, protects the Water-saving effect of B.
Fig. 3 is that Sargassum graft type fertilizer is protected A, protects B in soil N P, K accumulation leaching loss amounts.
Fig. 4 is that Sargassum graft type fertilizer is protected A, protects B N, P, K accumulation leaching loss amounts under condition of pot.
Fig. 5 is that the guarantor C of comparative example 1 compares with A Water-saving effects are protected.
Fig. 6 is that the guarantor D of comparative example 2 compares with A Water-saving effects are protected.
Fig. 7 is that the guarantor D of comparative example 2 compares in soil N P, K accumulation leaching loss amounts with A is protected.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is made with reference to Figure of description and specific embodiment and further being elaborated, but embodiment is simultaneously
The present invention is not limited in any form.Unless stated otherwise, the reagent for adopting of the invention, method and apparatus are led for this technology
Domain conventional reagent, method and apparatus.
Embodiment 1
It is prepared according to the following steps Sargassum graft type fertilizer A.
S1. compound fertilizer's inner core particles are prepared, fertilizer is weighed by formula, mix homogeneously, pelletize, sieving for standby；
Compound fertilizer's kernel includes each component of following quality：376 kg of carbamide, 94 kg of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride 188
Kg, 94 kg of aminoacid, 188 kg of fulvic acid；
S2. press formula and prepare control and lose agent, control is lost agent and is uniformly sprayed onto on compound fertilizer's kernel and realizes agglomeration, is dried, is dried
Afterwards, control is lost agent consumption and accounts for the 1% of fertilizer total amount；
Agent is lost in the control includes each component of following quality：3.5 kg of attapulgite, 0.1 kg of polyacrylamide, poly- second two
0.6 kg of alcohol, 0.1 kg of sodium pyrophosphate, 1.3 kg of molasses powder, 0.1 kg of methylcellulose, 2.7 kg of ethanol, 1.3 kg of water, gather
0.13 kg of vinyl alcohol, 0.4 kg of Pulvis Talci；
S3. water-retaining agent is prepared by following formula and step, spray water-retaining agent powder in S2 particle surfaces, to granule
One layer of uniform high water absorbency polymer water-retaining agent of outer formation, water-retaining agent consumption account for the 3% of fertilizer total amount：
The raw material for preparing water-retaining agent includes each component of following quality：1.23 kg of sodium alginate, acrylamide（AM）
20.55 kg, acrylic acid（AA）8.21 kg, NaOH solution（6mol/L）20.65 kg, Ammonium persulfate.（APS）39.20 g, sulfurous
Sour 5.904 g of hydrogen sodium, N,N methylene bis acrylamide（MBA）7.79 g, obtain sodium alginate graft type water-retaining agent after drying
30 kg；
S31. sodium alginate is dissolved in NaOH solution by above-mentioned formula, is added to there-necked flask, 45 DEG C of heating are obtained
Sodium alginate soln to mass concentration 3.33%；
S32. acrylic acid and acrylamide are dissolved, it is 20% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, is added in there-necked flask；
S33. Ammonium persulfate. and sodium sulfite are dissolved, it is 1.2% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, is added to conical flask
In, stir, added in half an hour by several times；
S34. N,N methylene bis acrylamide is dissolved, it is 0.5% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, adds conical flask
In, stir, react 3 hours at 70 DEG C；
S35. after reaction terminates, 60 DEG C of drying, crushed 100 mesh sieves and obtained water-retaining agent；
S4. the particle surface for being formed in S3 wraps up one layer of oil film, and consumption accounts for the 2% of fertilizer total amount；
The oil film includes each component of following quality：4 kg of paraffin, 8 kg of vegetable oil, 8 kg of Oleum Terebinthinae；
S5. dry, pack, obtain Sargassum graft type fertilizer A, referred to as protect A.
It is 2-2.5 mm that the embodiment prepares the kernel particle diameter of fertilizer, and it is 55 ± 2.5 g/m that the thickness of agent is lost in control2,
The thickness of water-retaining agent is 65 ± 2 g/m2, the thickness of oil film is 50 ± 2 g/m2.
Embodiment 2
It is prepared according to the following steps Sargassum graft type fertilizer B.
S1. compound fertilizer's inner core particles are prepared, fertilizer is weighed by formula, mix homogeneously, pelletize, sieving for standby；
Compound fertilizer's kernel includes each component of following quality：376 kg of carbamide, 188 kg of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride
282 kg, 47 kg of aminoacid, 47 kg of rapeseed cake；
S2. press formula and prepare control and lose agent, control is lost agent and is uniformly sprayed onto on compound fertilizer's kernel and realizes agglomeration, is dried, is dried
Afterwards, control is lost agent consumption and accounts for the 1% of fertilizer total amount；
Agent is lost in the control includes each component of following quality：2.65 kg of attapulgite, 0.25 kg of polyacrylamide, poly- second
0.8 kg of glycol, 0.1 kg of sodium pyrophosphate, 1.50 kg of molasses powder, 0.15 kg of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 3 kg of ethanol, 1 kg of water,
0.15 kg of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.4 kg of Pulvis Talci；
S3. water-retaining agent is prepared by following formula and step, spray water-retaining agent powder in S2 particle surfaces, to granule
One layer of uniform high water absorbency polymer water-retaining agent of outer formation, water-retaining agent consumption account for the 2.5% of fertilizer total amount；
The raw material for preparing water-retaining agent includes each component of following quality：1.23 kg of sodium alginate, acrylamide（AM）
20.55 kg, acrylic acid（AA）4.10 kg, NaoH solution（6mol/L）12.15 kg, Ammonium persulfate.（APS）39.20 g, sulfurous
Sour 5.904 g of hydrogen sodium, N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide（MBA）7.79 g, obtain alga super absorbent polymer 25 after drying
kg；
S31. sodium alginate is dissolved in NaOH solution by above-mentioned formula, is added to there-necked flask, 45 DEG C of heating are obtained
Sodium alginate soln to mass concentration 3.33%；
S32. acrylic acid and acrylamide are dissolved, it is 22% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, is added in there-necked flask；
S33. Ammonium persulfate. and sodium sulfite are dissolved, it is 1% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, is added to conical flask
In, stir, added in half an hour by several times；
S34. N,N methylene bis acrylamide is dissolved, it is 0.5% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, adds conical flask
In, stir, react 3 hours at 70 DEG C；
S35. after reaction terminates, 60 DEG C of drying, crushed 100 mesh sieves and obtained water-retaining agent；
S4. the particle surface for being formed in S3 wraps up oil film and bentonite respectively, and consumption accounts for the 1.5% of fertilizer total amount；
The oil film includes each component of following quality：4 kg of paraffin, 8 kg of vegetable oil, 8 kg of Oleum Terebinthinae；The swelling
5 kg of native consumption；
S5. dry, pack, obtain Sargassum graft type fertilizer B, referred to as protect B.
It is 2.5-3 mm that the embodiment prepares the kernel particle diameter of fertilizer, and it is 55 ± 2.5 g/m that the thickness of agent is lost in control2,
The thickness of water-retaining agent is 60 ± 2 g/m2, the thickness of oil film is 50 ± 2 g/m2.
Embodiment 3
It is prepared according to the following steps Sargassum graft type fertilizer.
S1. compound fertilizer's inner core particles are prepared, fertilizer is weighed by formula, mix homogeneously, pelletize, sieving for standby；
Compound fertilizer's kernel includes each component of following quality：100 kg of ureaformaldehyde, 272 kg of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, phosphoric acid one
93 kg of ammonium, 186 kg of plant ash, 93 kg of aminoacid, 186 kg of sesame-send cake；
S2. press formula and prepare control and lose agent, control is lost agent and is uniformly sprayed onto on compound fertilizer's kernel and realizes agglomeration, is dried, is dried
Afterwards, control is lost agent consumption and accounts for the 1% of fertilizer total amount；
Agent is lost in the control includes each component of following quality：3.25 kg of bentonite, 0.13 kg of polyacrylamide, poly- second two
0.65 kg of alcohol, 0.13 kg of sodium pyrophosphate, 1.3 kg of molasses powder, 0.13 kg of methylcellulose, 2.72 kg of ethanol, water 1.3
Kg, 0.13 kg of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.35 kg of Pulvis Talci；
S3. water-retaining agent is prepared by following formula and step, spray water-retaining agent powder in S2 particle surfaces, to granule
One layer of uniform high water absorbency polymer water-retaining agent of outer formation, water-retaining agent consumption account for the 5% of fertilizer total amount：
The raw material for preparing water-retaining agent includes each component of following quality：2 kg of alginic acid, acrylamide（AM）34.25
Kg, acrylic acid（AA）13.70 kg, NaOH solution（6mol/L）24.3 kg, Ammonium persulfate.（APS）63.74 g, bisulfite
9.6 g of sodium, N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide（MBA）12.67 g, obtain 50 kg of alga super absorbent polymer after drying；
S31. alginic acid is dissolved in NaOH solution by above-mentioned formula, is added to there-necked flask, 40 DEG C of heating are obtained
The Sargassum acid solution of mass concentration 4%；
S32. acrylic acid and acrylamide are dissolved, it is 25% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, is added in there-necked flask；
S33. Ammonium persulfate. and sodium sulfite are dissolved, it is 1.3% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, is added to conical flask
In, stir, added in half an hour by several times；
S34. N,N methylene bis acrylamide is dissolved, it is 0.8% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, adds conical flask
In, stir, react 3 hours at 70 DEG C；
S35. after reaction terminates, 60 DEG C of drying, crushed 100 mesh sieves and obtained water-retaining agent；
S4. the particle surface for being formed in S3 wraps up one layer of oil film, and consumption accounts for the 1% of fertilizer total amount；
The oil film includes each component of following quality：2 kg of paraffin, 4 kg of vegetable oil, 4 kg of Oleum Terebinthinae；
S5. dry, pack, obtain Sargassum graft type fertilizer.
It is 2.5-3 mm that the embodiment prepares the kernel particle diameter of fertilizer, and it is 55 ± 2 g/m that the thickness of agent is lost in control2, protect
The thickness of water preparation is 80 ± 2 g/m2, the thickness of oil film is 50 ± 2 g/m2.
Embodiment 4
It is prepared according to the following steps Sargassum graft type fertilizer.
S1. compound fertilizer's inner core particles are prepared, fertilizer is weighed by formula, mix homogeneously, pelletize, sieving for standby；
Compound fertilizer's kernel includes each component of following quality：76 kg of carbamide, butylene pitch two ureas, 200 kg, peroxophosphoric acid
184 kg of calcium, 184 kg of potassium chloride, 184 kg of fulvic acid, 92 kg of rapeseed cake；
S2. press formula and prepare control and lose agent, control is lost agent and is uniformly sprayed onto on compound fertilizer's kernel and realizes agglomeration, is dried, is dried
Afterwards, control is lost agent consumption and accounts for the 0.5% of fertilizer total amount；
Agent is lost in the control includes each component of following quality：1.63 kg of bentonite, 0.06 kg of polyacrylamide, poly- second two
0.35 kg of alcohol, 0.06 kg of sodium pyrophosphate, 0.65 kg of molasses powder, 0.07 kg of methylcellulose, 1.36 kg of ethanol, water 0.65
Kg, 0.06 kg of POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL, 0.18 kg of Pulvis Talci；
S3. water-retaining agent is prepared by following formula and step, spray water-retaining agent powder in S2 particle surfaces, to granule
One layer of uniform high water absorbency polymer water-retaining agent of outer formation, water-retaining agent consumption account for the 5% of fertilizer total amount：
The raw material for preparing water-retaining agent includes each component of following quality：2 kg of alginic acid, acrylic acid（AA）47.95
Kg, NaoH solution（6mol/L）40 kg, Ammonium persulfate.（APS）63.74 g, 9.6 g of sodium sulfite, N, N '-di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide
Acrylamide（MBA）12.67 g, obtain 50 kg of alga super absorbent polymer after drying；
S31. alginic acid is dissolved in NaOH solution by above-mentioned formula, is added to there-necked flask, 50 DEG C of heating are obtained
The Sargassum acid solution of mass concentration 8%；
S32. acrylic acid is dissolved, it is 25% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, is added in there-necked flask；
S33. Ammonium persulfate. and sodium sulfite are dissolved, it is 2% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, is added to conical flask
In, stir, added in half an hour by several times；
S34. N,N methylene bis acrylamide is dissolved, it is 0.5% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, adds conical flask
In, stir, react 3 hours at 70 DEG C；
S35. after reaction terminates, 60 DEG C of drying, crushed 100 mesh sieves and obtained water-retaining agent；
S4. the particle surface for being formed in S3 wraps up one layer of oil film, and consumption accounts for the 2.5% of fertilizer total amount；
The oil film includes each component of following quality：5 kg of paraffin, 10 kg of vegetable oil, 10 kg of Oleum Terebinthinae；
S5. dry, pack, obtain Sargassum graft type fertilizer.
It is 2-2.5 mm that the embodiment prepares the kernel particle diameter of fertilizer, and it is 50 ± 2 g/m that the thickness of agent is lost in control2, protect
The thickness of water preparation is 80 ± 2 g/m2, the thickness of oil film is 60 ± 2 g/m2.
Embodiment 5
It is prepared according to the following steps Sargassum graft type fertilizer.
S1. compound fertilizer's inner core particles are prepared, fertilizer is weighed by formula, mix homogeneously, pelletize, sieving for standby；
Compound fertilizer's kernel includes each component of following quality：376 kg of ureaformaldehyde, 94 kg of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride
188 kg, 94 kg of fulvic acid, 188 kg of peanut cake；
S2. press formula and prepare control and lose agent, control is lost agent and is uniformly sprayed onto on compound fertilizer's kernel and realizes agglomeration, is dried, is dried
Afterwards, control is lost agent consumption and accounts for the 1% of fertilizer total amount；
Agent is lost in the control includes each component of following quality：3.5 kg of attapulgite, 0.2 kg of polyacrylamide, poly- second two
0.5 kg of alcohol, 0.1 kg of sodium pyrophosphate, 1 kg of molasses powder, 0.24 kg of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 2.5 kg of ethanol, 1.5 kg of water, gather
0.15 kg of vinyl alcohol, 0.35 kg of Pulvis Talci；
S3. water-retaining agent is prepared by following formula and step, spray water-retaining agent powder in S2 particle surfaces, to granule
One layer of uniform high water absorbency polymer water-retaining agent of outer formation, water-retaining agent consumption account for the 4% of fertilizer total amount：
The raw material for preparing water-retaining agent includes each component of following quality：1.6 kg of sodium alginate, acrylamide（AM）
27.40 kg, acrylic acid（AA）11 kg, NaOH solution（6mol/L）19.44 kg, Ammonium persulfate.（APS）51 g, bisulfite
7.68 g of sodium, N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide（MBA）10.14 g, obtain 40 kg of alga super absorbent polymer after drying；
S31. sodium alginate is dissolved in NaOH solution by above-mentioned formula, is added to there-necked flask, 45 DEG C of heating are obtained
Sodium alginate soln to mass concentration 6%；
S32. acrylamide and acrylic acid are dissolved, it is 24% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, is added in there-necked flask；
S33. Ammonium persulfate. and sodium sulfite are dissolved, it is 1% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, is added to conical flask
In, stir, added in half an hour by several times；
S34. N,N methylene bis acrylamide is dissolved, it is 0.8% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, adds conical flask
In, stir, react 3 hours at 70 DEG C；
S35. after reaction terminates, 60 DEG C of drying, crushed 100 mesh sieves and obtained water-retaining agent；
S4. the particle surface for being formed in S3 wraps up one layer of oil film, and consumption accounts for the 1% of fertilizer total amount；
The oil film includes each component of following quality：2 kg of paraffin, 4 kg of vegetable oil, 4 kg of Oleum Terebinthinae；
S5. dry, pack, obtain Sargassum graft type fertilizer.
It is 2.5-3 mm that the embodiment prepares the kernel particle diameter of fertilizer, and it is 55 ± 2 g/m that the thickness of agent is lost in control2, protect
The thickness of water preparation is 75 ± 2 g/m2, the thickness of oil film is 60 ± 2 g/m2.
The specificity analysises and effect test of 6 fertilizer of embodiment
Guarantor A and protect B as object of study that the specificity analysises and effect test of following fertilizer are prepared respectively with embodiment 1 and 2.
1. Sargassum is grafted the properties study of fertilizer
From Sargassum graft type fertilizer A and B that visual inspection is prepared, it is found that Sargassum graft type fertilizer is graininess fertilizer
Material, particle diameter are 2.5 ~ 3.5 mm, Sargassum graft type fertilizer A（Protect A）In yellowish-brown, Sargassum graft type fertilizer B（Protect B）In greyish white
Color, is shown in Fig. 1.Further it has been observed that two kinds of Sargassum graft type fertilizer surfaces are in rough coarse shape, from dissection surface
The obvious layering between kernel and peplos can be seen, membrane wrapping thickness is 0.1 ~ 0.2 mm.
2. the Water-saving effect research of Sargassum graft type fertilizer
By studying the situation of change of alga super absorbent polymer rate-of-loss of coolant, it is found that antecedent moisture evaporation rate is slower,
Rate-of-loss of coolant is dramatically increased within 6th day, and reaches highest at the 8th day, occurs afterwards declining, and experimental result is shown in Fig. 2 a, shows water conservation
The evaporation of agent moisture is a slow process.The Water absorption and water retention of three kinds of fertilizer is further studied, is found common multiple
NPK chance water in Hefei can dissolve, and protect A and protect the moisture of 23.47 times and 20.29 times of B difference energy stickings own wt, experimental result
See that Fig. 2 b, water retention are respectively 67.33% and 70.34%, experimental result is shown in Fig. 2 c.As a result show, protect A and protect B being respectively provided with well
Water-retaining property and nutrient preserving capability, it is ensured that fertilizer water suction after moisture not easily run off.The each impact processed to soil moisture absorbance of analysis,
Experimental result is shown in Fig. 2 d, as a result shows, adds the process of Sargassum graft type fertilizer significantly improve soil moisture absorbance, enters
One step explanation Sargassum graft type fertilizer has a good water-retaining property, and the soil moisture absorbance for protecting A is maximum, is 89%, and to photograph
Than improve 45.1%, the soil moisture absorbance that protects A and protect between B there is also significant difference, protects A and relative to the amplification for protecting B is
26.5%.
Caption：CK is blank, and NPK represents Common compound fertilizer（26-10-16）, protect A and represent Sargassum graft type fertilizer A,
Protect B and represent Sargassum graft type fertilizer B.a：Sargassum is grafted the change of water-retaining agent rate-of-loss of coolant；b：The Water absorption of three kinds of fertilizer；c：
The water retention of three kinds of fertilizer；d：To soil moisture absorbance；* represent that fertilizer is dissolved in water, data are meansigma methodss ± standard error（n=
3）, check through DMRT methods, on pillar, have the expression difference of same letter not notable（α=0.05）.
3. the research of Sargassum graft type fertilizer leaching loss
By Leaching Experiments, we further study the fertilizer conservation effect of Sargassum graft type fertilizer.As seen from Figure 3, plus
The soil for entering Sargassum graft type fertilizer can slow down the release of nutrient in fertilizer.1st day, nutrient release amount and guarantor that NPK is processed
There is notable difference in A, guarantor's B process, the amount of NPK process release ammonia nitrogens is to protect A, protect 9.17 times and 4.55 times of B process respectively, releases
It is 12.56 times and 4.56 times for protecting A, protecting that B is processed respectively to put the amount of phosphorus, discharge potassium be respectively protect A, protect that B processes 4.35 times and
2.36 again.3rd day, between each process, difference reduced, but the nutrient release amount that NPK is processed still above is protected A and protects B process.6th
My god, the nutrient release amount between each process does not have notable difference, and the process nutrient release amount for applying Sargassum graft type fertilizer is obvious
Test higher than front leaching twice.Generally speaking, during 10 days for being tested, compared with Common compound fertilizer is applied, A and guarantor are protected
B process nutrients releases are more gentle, and it is not notable to protect difference between A and guarantor B.Sargassum graft type fertilizer under condition of pot support
Point leaching loss rule is basically identical with pure soil eluviation experimental result, and experimental result is shown in Fig. 4.
Caption：CK is blank, and NPK represents Common compound fertilizer（26-10-16）Process, protect A and represent Sargassum graft type fertilizer
Material A process, protects B and represents Sargassum graft type fertilizer B process.Data are meansigma methodss ± standard error（n=3）, check through DMRT methods, post
Have the expression difference of same letter not notable on son（α=0.05）.
4. Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae and Semen Maydiss potted plant experiment
In order to study the retain water and nutrients effect of Sargassum graft type fertilizer, we carry out Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae and Semen Maydiss potted plant experiment respectively.
1 result of table shows that administration Sargassum graft type fertilizer can significantly improve the overground part fresh weight of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae；Compared with control CK, A and guarantor is protected
The amplification of B process is respectively 52.1% and 44.7%；Contrast with the process for applying Common compound fertilizer NPK, protect A and protect the amplification that B is processed
26.14% and 20.06% is then respectively.For the moisture of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae, protecting A and protecting moisture between B process does not have significance difference
Different, but apparently higher than CK and NPK process.Impact of the Sargassum graft type fertilizer to Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae Nutrient Absorption is analyzed, 2 result of table shows,
Compared with NPK process, administration impact difference of the Sargassum graft type fertilizer to the absorption of Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae N, P and K is not notable, shows to common
Compound fertilizer carries out Sargassum grafting water conservation control to be lost peplos and process does not reduce absorption of the plant to fertilizer nutrient.
3 result of table shows, compared with Common compound fertilizer is applied, applies and protects B energy significance raising Semen Maydiss plant heights；Protect A and protect B
The overground part fresh weight of process processes amplification relative to NPK and is respectively 39.3% and 40.7%, reaches significant level；The amplification of dry weight point
Wei 33.3% and 41.7%.In terms of on Maize Roots impact, 4 result of table shows, protects A and guarantor's B process can promote root system
Elongation, increases root system fresh weight and root volume；Wherein, the root system fresh weight that protects A and protect B process is significantly higher than control CK and NPK process.
The impact of 1 Sargassum graft type fertilizer opposite vegetable plot upper grown of table
Note：CK is blank, and NPK represents Common compound fertilizer（26-10-16）Process, protect A and represent Sargassum graft type fertilizer
A process, protects B and represents Sargassum graft type fertilizer B process.In table, data are the meansigma methodss ± standard error of 4 repetitions, examine through DMRT methods
Test, have with column data the expression difference of same letter not notable（α=0.05）.Similarly hereinafter.
Impact of the 2 Sargassum graft type fertilizer of table to Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae Nutrient Absorption
Impact of the 3 Sargassum graft type fertilizer of table to milpa upper grown
Impact of the 4 Sargassum graft type fertilizer of table to Maize Roots
Comparative example 1
This comparative example prepares Sargassum graft type fertilizer C（Protect C）Each component formula same as Example 1, but fertilizer
The order of the chromosomal packing is different from embodiment 1, protect C the order of the chromosomal packing be kernel fertilizer outer layer coat successively water-retaining agent, control lose agent, oil
Film, other preparation methoies are with embodiment 1.The Water-saving effect of C and guarantor A is relatively protected, and experimental result is as follows.
As seen from Figure 5, the change of peplos order can affect Water absorption, water retention and the soil moisture of fertilizer to absorb
Rate.Water-retaining agent is wrapped in innermost layer, and fertilizer directly contact, and the base cation in fertilizer directly affects the water-absorbing-retaining of water-retaining agent
Effect, compared with guarantor A, the Water absorption for protecting C reduces by 47.42%, and water retention reduces by 32.66%, and soil moisture absorbance reduces
22.09%.
Comparative example 2
The Jacket thickness of fertilizer described in this comparative example is different from embodiment 1, is specifically shown in Table 5, prepares Sargassum graft type
Fertilizer D（Protect D）, the preparation method of fertilizer is as follows.
S1. compound fertilizer's inner core particles are prepared, fertilizer is weighed by formula, mix homogeneously, pelletize, sieving for standby；
Compound fertilizer's kernel includes each component of following quality：360 kg of carbamide, 90 kg of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), potassium chloride 180
Kg, 90 kg of aminoacid, 180 kg of fulvic acid；
S2. press formula and prepare control and lose agent, control is lost agent and is uniformly sprayed onto on compound fertilizer's kernel and realizes agglomeration, is dried, is dried
Afterwards, control is lost agent consumption and accounts for the 2.5% of fertilizer total amount；
Agent is lost in the control includes each component of following quality：8.75 kg of attapulgite, 0.25 kg of polyacrylamide, poly- second
1.5 kg of glycol, 0.25 kg of sodium pyrophosphate, 3.25 kg of molasses powder, 0.25 kg of methylcellulose, 6.75 kg of ethanol, water 3.25
Kg, 0.33 kg of polyvinyl alcohol, 1 kg of Pulvis Talci；
S3. water-retaining agent is prepared by following formula and step, spray water-retaining agent powder in S2 particle surfaces, to granule
One layer of uniform high water absorbency polymer water-retaining agent of outer formation, water-retaining agent consumption account for the 6.5% of fertilizer total amount：
The raw material for preparing water-retaining agent includes each component of following quality：2.66 kg of sodium alginate, acrylamide（AM）
34.32 kg, acrylic acid（AA）13.71 kg, NaOH solution（6mol/L）34.49 kg, Ammonium persulfate.（APS）65.46 g, sub-
9.86 g of sodium bisulfate, N,N methylene bis acrylamide（MBA）13.01 g, obtain sodium alginate graft type water conservation after drying
65 kg of agent；
S31. sodium alginate is dissolved in NaOH solution by above-mentioned formula, is added to there-necked flask, 45 DEG C of heating are obtained
Sodium alginate soln to mass concentration 3.33%；
S32. acrylic acid and acrylamide are dissolved, it is 20% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, is added in there-necked flask；
S33. Ammonium persulfate. and sodium sulfite are dissolved, it is 1.2% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, is added to conical flask
In, stir, added in half an hour by several times；
S34. N,N methylene bis acrylamide is dissolved, it is 0.5% to be dissolved in the mass concentration after water, adds conical flask
In, stir, react 3 hours at 70 DEG C；
S35. after reaction terminates, 60 DEG C of drying, crushed 100 mesh sieves and obtained water-retaining agent；
S4. the particle surface for being formed in S3 wraps up one layer of oil film, and consumption accounts for the 1% of fertilizer total amount；
The oil film includes each component of following quality：2 kg of paraffin, 4 kg of vegetable oil, 4 kg of Oleum Terebinthinae；
S5. dry, pack, obtain Sargassum graft type fertilizer D, referred to as protect D.
Relatively protect D and protect the retain water and nutrients effect of A.
Table 5 is protected D and protects the fertilizer each group of A into particle diameter or thickness
Annotation：Particle diameter unit is mm.Thickness unit is g/m2
The retain water and nutrients effect of two kinds of fertilizer is compared as follows：
Protect D and protect compared with A, agent is lost in control to be increased with the thickness of water-retaining agent.Fertilizer water-absorbing-retaining effect experimental result is shown in Fig. 6,
Agent is lost in control declines the Water absorption and soil moisture absorbance of guarantor D with the increase of water-retaining agent thickness on the contrary.Also, control lose agent and
The increase of water-retaining agent thickness makes peplos blocked up, fertilizer kernel nutrient can be caused to be difficult to discharge, it is impossible to meet growth and development of plants institute
The nutrient of needs, affects the normal growth of plant.From figure 7 it can be seen that protecting D as membrane wrapping thickness increases, nutrients release is slow,
Compared with guarantor A, its nitrogen, phosphorus, 10 days cumulative release amounts of potassium reduce 52.53%, 65.11% and 62.76% respectively.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Sargassum graft type fertilizer, it is characterised in that the fertilizer particle diameter is 2.5-3.5mm, and with compound fertilizer as kernel,
Kernel particle diameter is 2-3 mm, has been respectively coated by the core surface successively：Agent is lost in control, and thickness is 50-60 g/m2；Water-retaining agent,
Thickness is 60-80 g/m2；And oil film, thickness is 50-70 g/m2；Agent is lost in the control includes each component of following mass fraction：
Water 10-30 parts；Ethanol 25-35 parts；Attapulgite or/and bentonite 20-40 parts；Sodium pyrophosphate 1-5 parts；Molasses powder or/and Huang
Rotten acid potassium 10-30 parts；Pulvis Talci 3-10 parts；Polyacrylamide or/and polyacrylic acid 0.5-5 parts；Polyethylene Glycol, polyvinyl alcohol or
At least one in POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL, gross mass 1-10 part；In methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or hydroxyethyl cellulose
At least one, gross mass 1-5 part；The 0.5%-1% that agent is total fertilizer quality is lost in the control；The water-retaining agent be by sodium alginate or
Alginic acid graft acrylic acid or/and acrylamide are prepared, and the water-retaining agent is the 2.5%-5% of total fertilizer quality.
2. Sargassum graft type fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that compound fertilizer's kernel includes following quality
The each component of number：Carbamide, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ureaformaldehyde, oxamides, butylene pitch two ureas or the one kind or many in IBDU
Kind, gross mass 20-40 part；One or more in MAP, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) or calcium superphosphate, gross mass 10-30 part；Chlorination
One or more in potassium, potassium sulfate or plant ash, gross mass 20-40 part；In biochemical fulvic acid, humic acid or aminoacid one
Plant or multiple, gross mass 5-30 part；Described compound fertilizer's kernel is the 92-95% of total fertilizer quality.
3. Sargassum graft type fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that compound fertilizer's kernel also include soybean cake,
One or more in rapeseed cake, sesame-send cake or peanut cake, gross mass 5-20 part.
4. Sargassum graft type fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the oil film is by paraffin, vegetable oil, Lignum Pini Nodi
Line of oils is into mass ratio is paraffin：Vegetable oil：Oleum Terebinthinae=1:2:2.
5. a kind of Sargassum graft type fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be also enclosed with swelling outside the oil film
Soil, the oil film and the 1%-3% that bentonite total amount is total fertilizer quality.
6. the preparation method of the Sargassum graft type fertilizer described in any one of claim 1 ~ 5, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
S1. compound fertilizer's inner core particles are prepared, fertilizer is weighed by formula, mixed, pelletize, sieving for standby；
S2. press formula and prepare control mistake agent, control is lost agent uniform adhesion on compound fertilizer's inner core particles surface, is dried；
S3. water-retaining agent is prepared, is pulverized and sieved, the particle surface that water-retaining agent uniform adhesion is formed in S2；
S4. the particle surface for finally being formed in S3 wraps up one layer of oil film, dries, and packaging obtains the Sargassum graft type fertilizer,
Particle diameter is 2.5-3.5 mm；
Or, step S4 is that the particle surface formed in S3 wraps up oil film and bentonite successively, dries, and packaging obtains the sea
Algae graft type fertilizer, particle diameter are 2.5-3.5 mm.
7. the preparation method of Sargassum graft type fertilizer according to claim 6, it is characterised in that prepare water-retaining agent described in S3
The step of as follows：
S31. sodium alginate or alginic acid heating for dissolving are obtained sodium alginate or Sargassum that mass concentration is 2-8% in alkali liquor
Acid solution；
S32. monomer is dissolved, is added in S31 solution；
S33. initiator is dissolved in after water and is added in S32 solution, half an hour adds by several times；
S34. cross-linking agent is added, is reacted 3 hours at 70 DEG C；
S35. reaction terminates post-drying, pulverizes and sieves and obtains water-retaining agent；
The monomer is acrylic acid, and degree of neutralization is 60-90%；
Or, the monomer is combining for acrylic acid and acrylamide, and ratio is 1:1-5, be dissolved in the mass concentration after water for 20 ~
25%；
The initiator is ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfite, is dissolved in the mass concentration after water for 1-2%, 0.5- of the consumption for monomer
1%；
The cross-linking agent is N,N methylene bis acrylamide, is dissolved in the mass concentration after water for 0.5-1%, and consumption is monomer
0.1-0.5%；
The ratio of the sodium alginate or alginic acid and monomer is 1:3-7.
8. the preparation method of Sargassum graft type fertilizer according to claim 7, it is characterised in that drying temperature described in S35
For 60 DEG C, 100 mesh sieves after crushing, are crossed.
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