CN104429579A

CN104429579A - Greenhouse planting method for purple sweet potatoes

Info

Publication number: CN104429579A
Application number: CN201510001222.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马丹强; 张勇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Pengshui Baiyexing Forest Food Development Ltd
Priority date: 2015-01-05
Filing date: 2015-01-05
Publication date: 2015-03-25
Anticipated expiration: 2035-01-05
Also published as: CN104429579B

Abstract

The invention discloses a greenhouse planting method for purple sweet potatoes. The greenhouse planting method includes the eight steps of greenhouse building, soil preparing, sprouting, seeding, seedbed managing, seedling collecting and adding, ridging and cultivating and growth managing. The greenhouse planting method has the advantages that a special greenhouse is adopted, heat can be collected or dissipated according to requirements, and a proper temperature can be kept in the greenhouse; water or water and fertilizer can be applied on a leaf surface, underground irrigation is conducted, and illumination is supplemented; nutrient soil suitable for the growth of the purple sweet potatoes is prepared through soil preparing, seedling unearthing can be accelerated through sprouting, seeding and seedbed managing, purple sweet potato seedlings can be increased greatly through seedling collecting and adding, tuber growing can be accelerated through proper growth managing, and therefore early recovery can be achieved. The budding number of the purple sweet potatoes can be increased, tuber growing is accelerated, and economic benefits are increased.

Description

The greenhouse gardening method of purple potato

Technical field

The present invention relates to the plant development technical field of purple potato, particularly a kind of greenhouse gardening method of purple potato.

Background technology

Purple potato is again black potato, and potato meat is that purple is to darkviolet.It, except having the nutrient component of common Ipomoea batatas, is also rich in selenium element and anthocyan.It is rich in protein, starch, pectin, cellulose, amino acid, vitamin and several mineral materials, is also rich in selenium element and anthocyan simultaneously.The special health care of the purple nutritious tool of potato, gal4 amino acid is wherein all very easily by human consumption and absorption.The vitamin A be wherein rich in can improve the mucomembranous epithelial cell of eyesight and skin, and vitamin C can make collagen protein normally synthesize, and prevents and treats scorbutic generation, and anthocyan is natural potent free radical scavenger.

Purple potato is famous anticancer vegetables, from stem apex tender leaf to potato block, all has certain health care functions, is the food in current nuisanceless, green, organic food.Purple potato is rich in cellulose, can increase faecal volume, promotes enterogastric peristalsis, the mucus, pneumatosis and the putrefaction that are detained in cleaning enteric cavity, and the noxious material in defecate and carcinogen keep stool unimpeded, improve digestive tract environment, prevent the generation of enterogastric diseases.It is except having the nutrient component of common Ipomoea batatas, also containing polysaccharide, Flavonoid substances, has certain preventing hypertension, alleviates dyshepatia, anticancer function.Selenium wherein and iron are human body antifatigue, anti-ageing, the essential elements of enriching blood, particularly selenium is called as " anticancer king ", easily be absorbed by the body, can stay in serum, repair cardiac muscle, strengthen immunity of organisms, remove interior free yl, the synthesis of DNA and the division of cancer cell and growth in inhibition cancer cell, the generation of carninomatosis such as prevention cancer of the stomach, liver cancer etc.

Because purple potato edibility is high, all parts of the country have has carried out a large amount of plantation to purple potato.Our company has also carried out a large amount of plantation exploitation, in actual production process, technology group of our company finds to utilize greenhouse gardening technology, builds output and the product quality that the special booth meeting purple potato growth characteristics can improve purple potato greatly, increase economic benefit after being improved by original booth.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of greenhouse gardening method of purple potato, improves the quantity of sprouting of purple planting potato, and accelerates tuber growth, to increase the output of purple potato energetically, increase economic efficiency.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of greenhouse gardening method of purple potato, comprise and build canopy, whole, vernalization, seeding, seedbed management, the Zeng Miao that collects seedling, Root growth, the large step of growth management eight, it is characterized in that concrete grammar is as follows.

(1) build canopy: choose irrigation and drainage convenient, the soil is porous, the special booth of purple planting potato is built in the plot of not planting tuber crops within 2 years, the frame of this booth is made up of ceiling, canopy wall, capplce and irrigation system, wherein in ceiling and canopy wall, thermal-arrest film, insulation film and sunshade net are installed, wherein thermal-arrest film is made up of titanium oxide film layer, printing opacity glass film, silica coating, and be namely coated with titanium oxide film layer at the outer surface of printing opacity glass film, inner surface is coated with silica coating; Thermal-arrest film, insulation film and sunshade net are taken turns by the transmitting-receiving be connected separately respectively and are controlled; Transmitting-receiving wheel is arranged on capplce, and capplce there is also mounted sprayer and light compensating lamp, the corner of capplce and canopy wall there is also mounted airflow fan; Irrigation system connects branching pipe by water main and forms, and water main is from access water source, the external world and be embedded in underground 110cm, and branching pipe to be embedded in immediately below potato rattan plant and to be embedded in below ground 40-50cm place.

(2) wholely: every mu, soil in booth is executed the farm organic fertilizer 3000-4000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, deep ploughing 30-35cm, is embedded in underground; Within first 10 days, execute Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 40-50kg in nursery, potassium element base fertilizer 30-40kg, by even for the rotary tillage of soil, farm organic fertilizer, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium and potassium element base fertilizer, and flatten, make field furrow; Wherein Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium is the composite fertilizer of N:P:K=10:10:10; Potassium element base fertilizer is that amino acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, natrium nitrosum, ferrous sulfate and water form according to the ratio mixed dissolution that weight ratio is 5-7:10-14:1:1:75-85.

(3) vernalization: the purple potato stem tuber of preparation breeding is stayed many cultivation 5-10 days inside soil when front stubble excavates than instant processing or edible purple potato stem tuber, shines 1-3 days after digging out under the sun, then carries out cellar type insulation and stores sth. in a cellar; During nursery, select single heavy 100-200g, without breakage, scab, mildew and rot potato seed, directly in cellar, adopt hot and humid vernalization, temperature is brought up to 30-35 DEG C, and relative moisture brings up to 80%-85%, until eye shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, then be 600-800 times of dilution seed soaking 4-6 minute of 50% carbendazim of 50-53 DEG C by temperature, then pull out and dry, send into seeding in booth.

(4) seeding: in booth, arranges code potato seed from the south of field furrow, and potato block and ground are that 45 ° of-50 ° of angles are tiltedly put, head is upward and to same direction, interval 0.8-1.0cm between every potato block, the latter half of front-seat potato seed pressed by rear seeding potato, finally makes potato seed smooth one-tenth plane on the furrow of field, then spraying is watered, until surface soil drench, and then on potato seed earthing earth, with cannot see potato seed for degree, the thick ash of 2-3mm is covered again at soil top, then covering with plastic film.

(5) seedbed management: from from seeding to come up period, every day sprays 1 hour with clear water, and is controlled by canopy temperature between 25-30 DEG C, is controlled by ground temperature in the shed between 34-36 DEG C; During the height of seedling 8-10cm that comes up, every day sprays 1 hour with clear water, and is controlled by canopy temperature between 23-27 DEG C, is controlled by ground temperature in the shed between 29-31 DEG C; Mulch film is opened during height of seedling 8-10cm; From from opening mulch film to during height of seedling 18-22cm, every day sprays 2 times with rich water, each 1 hour, and is reduced to gradually by canopy temperature between 18-23 DEG C; Natural daylight and light compensating lamp is utilized to keep the light application time in booth to be 12-14 hour; Wherein rich water to be concentration be 3% the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium aqueous solution.

(6) collect seedling Zeng Miao: within before collecting seedling 3-5 days, stop spraying, as the long 20-25cm of seedling, collect seedling with cutting seedling mode, cut the base portion retaining 4-6cm when adopting rice shoot, and rice shoot is beaten except the top heart, be then planted on Zeng Miaopu, then spray 2 times with rich water every day, each 1 hour, its rich water to be concentration be 3% the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium aqueous solution.; Natural daylight and light compensating lamp is utilized to keep the light application time in booth to be 12-14 hour; Daytime opens booth, and night is closed with insulation film, keeps canopy temperature between 25-30 DEG C.

(7) Root growth: excavate ridge furrow of planting, row spacing 73-77cm, ridge top width 15-20cm, ridge height 20-25cm; After the rice shoot in Zeng Miaopu grows up to, cut and adopt rice shoot and be planted on the furrow of ridge.

(8) growth management: after planting, every day sprays 2 times with rich water, each 1 hour, the rich water of first 35 days to be concentration be 3% urea, superphosphate, potassium sulfate according to the mixed aqueous solution of the weight ratio of 5:10:3, the rich water of spraying later in 35 days to be concentration be 3% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to the mixed aqueous solution of the weight ratio of 1:3; Open irrigation system every 5-7 days and execute water once; Daytime opens booth, and night is closed with insulation film, keeps canopy temperature between 20-34 DEG C; When trunk diameter growth is to 12 joint, carry out lifting up of vines, and pinching of pinching, when long branch to 12 saves, lifting up of vines pinching of pinching again; After planting 60-65 days, can gather.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows and adopt special booth can collect heat or distribute heat as requested, make to keep suitable temperature in booth; Blade face can be carried out and execute water or liquid manure, carry out subsurface irrigation, supplementary light; By whole the nutrient soil preparing applicable purple potato growth, can accelerate to come up by vernalization, seeding and seedbed management, by collecting seedling, once seedling can increase considerably purple potato rice shoot, can accelerate tuber growth, gather ahead of time by suitable growth management; A series of integrated approach can improve the quantity of sprouting of purple potato, and accelerates tuber growth, increases economic efficiency.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the tangent plane structure schematic diagram of the special booth of purple planting potato in the present invention.

In figure: 1. frame, 2. ceiling, 3. canopy wall, 4. capplce, 5. irrigation system, 6. thermal-arrest film, 7. insulation film, 8. sunshade net, 9. transmitting-receiving wheel, 41. sprayers, 42. light compensating lamps, 43. airflow fans, 10. kind plant ground, 51. water mains, 52. branching pipes.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and following examples are intended to the present invention instead of limitation of the invention further are described, should not limit the scope of the invention with this.

Embodiment 1.

First irrigation and drainage are chosen convenient, the soil is porous, the special booth of purple planting potato is built in the plot of not planting tuber crops within 2 years, as shown in the figure, the frame 1 of this booth is made up of ceiling 2, canopy wall 3, capplce 4 and irrigation system 5, wherein in ceiling 2 and canopy wall 3, thermal-arrest film 6, insulation film 7 and sunshade net 8 are installed, wherein thermal-arrest film 6 is made up of titanium oxide film layer, printing opacity glass film, silica coating, namely be coated with titanium oxide film layer at the outer surface of printing opacity glass film, inner surface is coated with silica coating; Thermal-arrest film 6, insulation film 7 and sunshade net 8 are taken turns 9 by the transmitting-receiving be connected separately respectively and are controlled; Transmitting-receiving wheel 9 is arranged on capplce 4, and capplce 4 there is also mounted sprayer 41 and light compensating lamp 42, the corner of capplce 4 and canopy wall 3 there is also mounted airflow fan 43; Irrigation system 5 connects branching pipe 52 by water main 51 and forms, and water main 51 is from access water source, the external world and be embedded in underground 110cm, and branching pipe 52 to be embedded in immediately below potato rattan plant and to be embedded in below ground 40cm place.

Then carry out wholely, execute by every mu, soil in booth the farm organic fertilizer 3000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, deep ploughing 30cm, is embedded in underground; Within first 10 days, execute Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 40kg in nursery, potassium element base fertilizer 30kg, by even for the rotary tillage of soil, farm organic fertilizer, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium and potassium element base fertilizer, and flatten, make field furrow; Wherein Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium is the composite fertilizer of N:P:K=10:10:10; Potassium element base fertilizer is that amino acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, natrium nitrosum, ferrous sulfate and water form according to the ratio mixed dissolution that weight ratio is 5:10:1:1:75.

Then carry out vernalization, vernalization purple potato stem tuber used stays many cultivations stem tuber of 5 days inside soil when front stubble excavation than instant processing or edible purple potato stem tuber, shines 1 day after stem tuber digs out under the sun, then carries out cellar type and be incubated and store sth. in a cellar; During nursery, select single heavy 100-200g, without breakage, scab, mildew and rot potato seed, directly in cellar, adopt hot and humid vernalization, temperature is brought up to 30 DEG C, relative moisture brings up to 80%%, until eye shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, then be that 600 times of dilutions of 50% carbendazim of 50 DEG C are soaked seed 4 minutes by temperature, then pull out and dry, send into seeding in booth.Code potato seed is arranged from the south of field furrow, potato block and ground are that 45° angle is tiltedly put, head upward and to same direction, interval 0.8cm between every potato block, the latter half of front-seat potato seed pressed by rear seeding potato, finally make potato seed smooth one-tenth plane on the furrow of field, then spraying is watered, until surface soil drenches, and then on potato seed earthing earth, cannot see potato seed for degree, then cover the thick ash of 2mm at soil top, then covering with plastic film.From from seeding to come up period, every day sprays 1 hour with clear water, and is controlled by canopy temperature at 25 DEG C, is controlled by ground temperature in the shed at 34 DEG C; During the height of seedling 8cm that comes up, every day sprays 1 hour with clear water, and is controlled by canopy temperature at 23 DEG C, is controlled by ground temperature in the shed at 29 DEG C; Mulch film is opened during height of seedling 8cm; From from opening mulch film to during height of seedling 18cm, every day sprays 2 times with rich water, each 1 hour, and canopy temperature is reduced to 18 DEG C gradually; Natural daylight and light compensating lamp is utilized to keep the light application time in booth to be 12 hours; Wherein rich water to be concentration be 3% the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium aqueous solution.

Then carry out collecting seedling Zeng Miao, collect seedling and stop spraying, as the long 20cm of seedling in first 3 days, collecting seedling with cutting seedling mode, cutting the base portion retaining 4cm when adopting rice shoot, and rice shoot is beaten except the top heart, then be planted on Zeng Miaopu, then spray 2 times with rich water every day, each 1 hour; Natural daylight and light compensating lamp is utilized to keep the light application time in booth to be 12 hours; Daytime opens booth, and night is closed with insulation film, keeps canopy temperature at 25 DEG C.Excavate ridge furrow of planting simultaneously, make row spacing 73-77cm, ridge top width 15-20cm, ridge height 20-25cm; After the rice shoot in Zeng Miaopu grows up to, cut and adopt rice shoot and be planted on the furrow of ridge, after planting, every day sprays 2 times with rich water, each 1 hour, the rich water of first 35 days to be concentration be 3% urea, superphosphate, potassium sulfate according to the mixed aqueous solution of the weight ratio of 5:10:3, the rich water of spraying later in 35 days to be concentration be 3% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to the mixed aqueous solution of the weight ratio of 1:3; Open irrigation system every 5 days and execute water once; Daytime opens booth, and night is closed with insulation film, keeps canopy temperature at 20 DEG C; When trunk diameter growth is to 12 joint, carry out lifting up of vines, and pinching of pinching, when long branch to 12 saves, lifting up of vines pinching of pinching again; After planting 60 days, can gather.

Embodiment 2.

First irrigation and drainage are chosen convenient, the soil is porous, the special booth of purple planting potato is built in the plot of not planting tuber crops within 2 years, as shown in the figure, the frame 1 of this booth is made up of ceiling 2, canopy wall 3, capplce 4 and irrigation system 5, wherein in ceiling 2 and canopy wall 3, thermal-arrest film 6, insulation film 7 and sunshade net 8 are installed, wherein thermal-arrest film 6 is made up of titanium oxide film layer, printing opacity glass film, silica coating, namely be coated with titanium oxide film layer at the outer surface of printing opacity glass film, inner surface is coated with silica coating; Thermal-arrest film 6, insulation film 7 and sunshade net 8 are taken turns 9 by the transmitting-receiving be connected separately respectively and are controlled; Transmitting-receiving wheel 9 is arranged on capplce 4, and capplce 4 there is also mounted sprayer 41 and light compensating lamp 42, the corner of capplce 4 and canopy wall 3 there is also mounted airflow fan 43; Irrigation system 5 connects branching pipe 52 by water main 51 and forms, and water main 51 is from access water source, the external world and be embedded in underground 110cm, and branching pipe 52 to be embedded in immediately below potato rattan plant and to be embedded in below ground 45cm place.

Then carry out wholely, execute by every mu, soil in booth the farm organic fertilizer 3500kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, deep ploughing 32.5cm, is embedded in underground; Within first 10 days, execute Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 45kg in nursery, potassium element base fertilizer 35kg, by even for the rotary tillage of soil, farm organic fertilizer, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium and potassium element base fertilizer, and flatten, make field furrow; Wherein Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium is the composite fertilizer of N:P:K=10:10:10; Potassium element base fertilizer is that amino acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, natrium nitrosum, ferrous sulfate and water form according to the ratio mixed dissolution that weight ratio is 6:12:1:1:80.

Then carry out vernalization, vernalization purple potato stem tuber used stays many cultivations stem tuber of 7.5 days inside soil when front stubble excavation than instant processing or edible purple potato stem tuber, shines 2 days after stem tuber digs out under the sun, then carries out cellar type and be incubated and store sth. in a cellar; During nursery, select single heavy 100-200g, without breakage, scab, mildew and rot potato seed, directly in cellar, adopt hot and humid vernalization, temperature is brought up to 32.5 DEG C, relative moisture brings up to 82.5%, until eye shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, then be that 700 times of dilutions of 50% carbendazim of 51.5 DEG C are soaked seed 5 minutes by temperature, then pull out and dry, send into seeding in booth.Code potato seed is arranged from the south of field furrow, potato block and ground are that 47.5 ° of angles are tiltedly put, head upward and to same direction, interval 0.9cm between every potato block, the latter half of front-seat potato seed pressed by rear seeding potato, finally make potato seed smooth one-tenth plane on the furrow of field, then spraying is watered, until surface soil drenches, and then on potato seed earthing earth, cannot see potato seed for degree, then cover the thick ash of 2.5mm at soil top, then covering with plastic film.From from seeding to come up period, every day sprays 1 hour with clear water, and is controlled by canopy temperature at 27.5 DEG C, is controlled by ground temperature in the shed at 35 DEG C; During the height of seedling 9cm that comes up, every day sprays 1 hour with clear water, and is controlled by canopy temperature at 25 DEG C, is controlled by ground temperature in the shed at 30 DEG C; Mulch film is opened during height of seedling 9cm; From from opening mulch film to during height of seedling 20cm, every day sprays 2 times with rich water, each 1 hour, and canopy temperature is reduced to 20.5 DEG C gradually; Natural daylight and light compensating lamp is utilized to keep the light application time in booth to be 13 hours; Wherein rich water to be concentration be 3% the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium aqueous solution.

Then carry out collecting seedling Zeng Miao, collect seedling and stop spraying, as the long 22.5cm of seedling in first 4 days, collecting seedling with cutting seedling mode, cutting the base portion retaining 5cm when adopting rice shoot, and rice shoot is beaten except the top heart, then be planted on Zeng Miaopu, then spray 2 times with rich water every day, each 1 hour; Natural daylight and light compensating lamp is utilized to keep the light application time in booth to be 13 hours; Daytime opens booth, and night is closed with insulation film, keeps canopy temperature at 27.5 DEG C.Excavate ridge furrow of planting simultaneously, make row spacing 75cm, ridge top width 17.5cm, ridge height 22.5cm; After the rice shoot in Zeng Miaopu grows up to, cut and adopt rice shoot and be planted on the furrow of ridge, after planting, every day sprays 2 times with rich water, each 1 hour, the rich water of first 35 days to be concentration be 3% urea, superphosphate, potassium sulfate according to the mixed aqueous solution of the weight ratio of 5:10:3, the rich water of spraying later in 35 days to be concentration be 3% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to the mixed aqueous solution of the weight ratio of 1:3; Open irrigation system every 6 days and execute water once; Daytime opens booth, and night is closed with insulation film, keeps canopy temperature at 27 DEG C; When trunk diameter growth is to 12 joint, carry out lifting up of vines, and pinching of pinching, when long branch to 12 saves, lifting up of vines pinching of pinching again; After planting 62.5 days, gather.

Embodiment 3.

First irrigation and drainage are chosen convenient, the soil is porous, the special booth of purple planting potato is built in the plot of not planting tuber crops within 2 years, as shown in the figure, the frame 1 of this booth is made up of ceiling 2, canopy wall 3, capplce 4 and irrigation system 5, wherein in ceiling 2 and canopy wall 3, thermal-arrest film 6, insulation film 7 and sunshade net 8 are installed, wherein thermal-arrest film 6 is made up of titanium oxide film layer, printing opacity glass film, silica coating, namely be coated with titanium oxide film layer at the outer surface of printing opacity glass film, inner surface is coated with silica coating; Thermal-arrest film 6, insulation film 7 and sunshade net 8 are taken turns 9 by the transmitting-receiving be connected separately respectively and are controlled; Transmitting-receiving wheel 9 is arranged on capplce 4, and capplce 4 there is also mounted sprayer 41 and light compensating lamp 42, the corner of capplce 4 and canopy wall 3 there is also mounted airflow fan 43; Irrigation system 5 connects branching pipe 52 by water main 51 and forms, and water main 51 is from access water source, the external world and be embedded in underground 110cm, and branching pipe 52 to be embedded in immediately below potato rattan plant and to be embedded in below ground 50cm place.

Then carry out wholely, execute by every mu, soil in booth the farm organic fertilizer 4000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, deep ploughing 30-35cm, is embedded in underground; Within first 10 days, execute Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 50kg in nursery, potassium element base fertilizer 40kg, by even for the rotary tillage of soil, farm organic fertilizer, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium and potassium element base fertilizer, and flatten, make field furrow; Wherein Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium is the composite fertilizer of N:P:K=10:10:10; Potassium element base fertilizer is that amino acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, natrium nitrosum, ferrous sulfate and water form according to the ratio mixed dissolution that weight ratio is 7:14:1:1:85.

Then carry out vernalization, vernalization purple potato stem tuber used stays many cultivations stem tuber of 10 days inside soil when front stubble excavation than instant processing or edible purple potato stem tuber, shines 3 days after stem tuber digs out under the sun, then carries out cellar type and be incubated and store sth. in a cellar; During nursery, select single heavy 100-200g, without breakage, scab, mildew and rot potato seed, directly in cellar, adopt hot and humid vernalization, temperature is brought up to 35 DEG C, relative moisture brings up to 85%, until eye shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, then be that 800 times of dilutions of 50% carbendazim of 53 DEG C are soaked seed 6 minutes by temperature, then pull out and dry, send into seeding in booth.Code potato seed is arranged from the south of field furrow, potato block and ground are that 50 ° of angles are tiltedly put, head upward and to same direction, interval 1.0cm between every potato block, the latter half of front-seat potato seed pressed by rear seeding potato, finally make potato seed smooth one-tenth plane on the furrow of field, then spraying is watered, until surface soil drenches, and then on potato seed earthing earth, cannot see potato seed for degree, then cover the thick ash of 3mm at soil top, then covering with plastic film.From from seeding to come up period, every day sprays 1 hour with clear water, and is controlled by canopy temperature at 30 DEG C, is controlled by ground temperature in the shed at 36 DEG C; During the height of seedling 10cm that comes up, every day sprays 1 hour with clear water, and is controlled by canopy temperature at 27 DEG C, is controlled by ground temperature in the shed at 31 DEG C; Mulch film is opened during height of seedling 10cm; From from opening mulch film to during height of seedling 22cm, every day sprays 2 times with rich water, each 1 hour, and canopy temperature is reduced to 23 DEG C gradually; Natural daylight and light compensating lamp is utilized to keep the light application time in booth to be 14 hours; Wherein rich water to be concentration be 3% the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium aqueous solution.

Then carry out collecting seedling Zeng Miao, collect seedling and stop spraying, as the long 25cm of seedling in first 5 days, collecting seedling with cutting seedling mode, cutting the base portion retaining 6cm when adopting rice shoot, and rice shoot is beaten except the top heart, then be planted on Zeng Miaopu, then spray 2 times with rich water every day, each 1 hour; Natural daylight and light compensating lamp is utilized to keep the light application time in booth to be 14 hours; Daytime opens booth, and night is closed with insulation film, keeps canopy temperature at 30 DEG C.Excavate ridge furrow of planting simultaneously, make row spacing 77cm, ridge top width 20cm, ridge height 25cm; After the rice shoot in Zeng Miaopu grows up to, cut and adopt rice shoot and be planted on the furrow of ridge, after planting, every day sprays 2 times with rich water, each 1 hour, the rich water of first 35 days to be concentration be 3% urea, superphosphate, potassium sulfate according to the mixed aqueous solution of the weight ratio of 5:10:3, the rich water of spraying later in 35 days to be concentration be 3% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to the mixed aqueous solution of the weight ratio of 1:3; Open irrigation system every 7 days and execute water once; Daytime opens booth, and night is closed with insulation film, keeps canopy temperature at 34 DEG C; When trunk diameter growth is to 12 joint, carry out lifting up of vines, and pinching of pinching, when long branch to 12 saves, lifting up of vines pinching of pinching again; After planting 65 days, gather.

Claims

1. the greenhouse gardening method of purple potato, comprises and builds canopy, whole, vernalization, seeding, seedbed management, the Zeng Miao that collects seedling, Root growth, the large step of growth management eight, it is characterized in that concrete grammar is as follows:

(1) build canopy: choose irrigation and drainage convenient, the soil is porous, the special booth of purple planting potato is built in the plot of not planting tuber crops within 2 years, the frame of this booth is made up of ceiling, canopy wall, capplce and irrigation system, wherein in ceiling and canopy wall, thermal-arrest film, insulation film and sunshade net are installed, wherein thermal-arrest film is made up of titanium oxide film layer, printing opacity glass film, silica coating, and be namely coated with titanium oxide film layer at the outer surface of printing opacity glass film, inner surface is coated with silica coating; Thermal-arrest film, insulation film and sunshade net are taken turns by the transmitting-receiving be connected separately respectively and are controlled; Transmitting-receiving wheel is arranged on capplce, and capplce there is also mounted sprayer and light compensating lamp, the corner of capplce and canopy wall there is also mounted airflow fan; Irrigation system connects branching pipe by water main and forms, and water main is from access water source, the external world and be embedded in underground 110cm, and branching pipe to be embedded in immediately below potato rattan plant and to be embedded in below ground 40-50cm place;

(2) wholely: every mu, soil in booth is executed the farm organic fertilizer 3000-4000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, deep ploughing 30-35cm, is embedded in underground; Within first 10 days, execute Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 40-50kg in nursery, potassium element base fertilizer 30-40kg, by even for the rotary tillage of soil, farm organic fertilizer, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium and potassium element base fertilizer, and flatten, make field furrow; Wherein Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium is the composite fertilizer of N:P:K=10:10:10; Potassium element base fertilizer is that amino acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, natrium nitrosum, ferrous sulfate and water form according to the ratio mixed dissolution that weight ratio is 5-7:10-14:1:1:75-85;

(3) vernalization: the purple potato stem tuber of preparation breeding is stayed many cultivation 5-10 days inside soil when front stubble excavates than instant processing or edible purple potato stem tuber, shines 1-3 days after digging out under the sun, then carries out cellar type insulation and stores sth. in a cellar; During nursery, select single heavy 100-200g, without breakage, scab, mildew and rot potato seed, directly in cellar, adopt hot and humid vernalization, temperature is brought up to 30-35 DEG C, and relative moisture brings up to 80%-85%, until eye shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, then be 600-800 times of dilution seed soaking 4-6 minute of 50% carbendazim of 50-53 DEG C by temperature, then pull out and dry, send into seeding in booth;

(4) seeding: in booth, arranges code potato seed from the south of field furrow, and potato block and ground are that 45 ° of-50 ° of angles are tiltedly put, head is upward and to same direction, interval 0.8-1.0cm between every potato block, the latter half of front-seat potato seed pressed by rear seeding potato, finally makes potato seed smooth one-tenth plane on the furrow of field, then spraying is watered, until surface soil drench, and then on potato seed earthing earth, with cannot see potato seed for degree, the thick ash of 2-3mm is covered again at soil top, then covering with plastic film;

(5) seedbed management: from from seeding to come up period, every day sprays 1 hour with clear water, and is controlled by canopy temperature between 25-30 DEG C, is controlled by ground temperature in the shed between 34-36 DEG C; During the height of seedling 8-10cm that comes up, every day sprays 1 hour with clear water, and is controlled by canopy temperature between 23-27 DEG C, is controlled by ground temperature in the shed between 29-31 DEG C; Mulch film is opened during height of seedling 8-10cm; From from opening mulch film to during height of seedling 18-22cm, every day sprays 2 times with rich water, each 1 hour, and is reduced to gradually by canopy temperature between 18-23 DEG C; Natural daylight and light compensating lamp is utilized to keep the light application time in booth to be 12-14 hour; Wherein rich water to be concentration be 3% the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium aqueous solution;

(6) collect seedling Zeng Miao: within before collecting seedling 3-5 days, stop spraying, as the long 20-25cm of seedling, collect seedling with cutting seedling mode, cut the base portion retaining 4-6cm when adopting rice shoot, and rice shoot is beaten except the top heart, be then planted on Zeng Miaopu, then spray 2 times with rich water every day, each 1 hour, its rich water to be concentration be 3% the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium aqueous solution; Natural daylight and light compensating lamp is utilized to keep the light application time in booth to be 12-14 hour; Daytime opens booth, and night is closed with insulation film, keeps canopy temperature between 25-30 DEG C;

(7) Root growth: excavate ridge furrow of planting, row spacing 73-77cm, ridge top width 15-20cm, ridge height 20-25cm; After the rice shoot in Zeng Miaopu grows up to, cut and adopt rice shoot and be planted on the furrow of ridge;