CN103563640A - Sweet potato high-yield planting method - Google Patents
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- CN103563640A CN103563640A CN201310569014.0A CN201310569014A CN103563640A CN 103563640 A CN103563640 A CN 103563640A CN 201310569014 A CN201310569014 A CN 201310569014A CN 103563640 A CN103563640 A CN 103563640A
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Abstract
A sweet potato high-yield planting method comprises the following steps of seed selection, summer potato seedling picking nursery establishing, deep ploughing and soil preparation, cultivation and close planting, scientific fertilization, field management and disease prevention. Expansin is used in the cultivation step; the expansin is used in two stages, wherein in the first stage, 5-10 grams of sweet potato expansin is used per mu, the sweet potato expansin is dissolved in 5 kilograms of clear water, the mixture is blended with fine soil to form paste, 2-3 segments of the root of each seedling is soaked with the paste before the seedling is planted, and the seedling is watered sufficiently after being planted so as to increase the survival rate; in the second stage, when the sweet potato seedlings grow to be 40-50cm tall, 5-10kg of 1% monopotassium phosphate per mu is used for root irrigation, then, 3-5g of sweet potato expansin for fertilization per mu is dissolved in 30-40kg of water, and the mixture is sprayed on sweet potato leaf surfaces. Microelements are used in the scientific fertilization step, wherein the microelements include iron, calcium, magnesium, boron and manganese. In the field management step, frames are built up for sweet potato vines to climb on. In the planting step, tendrils are lifted by hand every 10-20 days, watering is conducted in time to maintain soil moisture, and pyrethroid pesticides are sprayed on sweet potato leaves and the sweet potato tendrils every 5-7 days.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of proportion of crop planting method, especially relate to a kind of high-production planting method for sweet potato.
Background technology
Ipomoea batatas, claims again sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, pachyrhizus etc., and different regions people are also different to its address, and people from Shandong is called pachyrhizus, and people from Sichuan is called sweet potato, and Pekinese is called sweet potato, and Hok-lo is called Ipomoea batatas.
Ipomoea batatas kind is a lot of, and shape has spindle, cylinder, ellipse, spherical dividing; It is white, yellowish, red, yellow, purplish red other that color of the leather has; Yellowish pink has Huang, apricot yellow, purplish red all kinds of.Conventionally to produce piece root or Ye Weizhu.Piece root is to be formed by adventive root secondary hypertrophy, is longer than 25 centimetres of depths of table soil.Every strain can be produced several roots.Ipomoea batatas contains abundant sugar, protein, cellulose and multivitamin, and wherein p-carotin, vitamin E and vitamin C are especially many.Particularly Ipomoea batatas contains abundant lysine, and rice, flour exactly lack lysine.Ipomoea batatas and rice and flour are mixed to be eaten, and can obtain Protein intake more comprehensively.With regard to overall nutrition, Ipomoea batatas is the outstanding person in grain and vegetables.It is the second bread that occidentals praises it, and the scientist of the former Soviet Union says that it is following aerospace food, and it is undisputed high-class healthy food for France's person.
Ipomoea batatas is not only healthy food, the good medicine still getting rid of illness.< < Compendium of Materia Medica > > records, and Ipomoea batatas has the effect of weary, the beneficial strength of qi-restoratives, strengthening the spleen and stomach, strong kidney yin.Ipomoea batatas is steamed, cuts, shines, receives, and uses grain as, is called potato grain, makes the long-lived few disease of people.< < A Supplement to the Compendium of Materia Medica > > records, the bowl spares of Ipomoea batatas energy and blood, warm stomach, fertile the five internal organs.
Ipomoea batatas contains a large amount of cellulose and pectin that is difficult for being inhaled digestive ferment destruction, the liquid that can stimulate digestion secretion and enterogastric peristalsis, thus play defecating feces excretion.In addition, the p-carotin of its rich content is a kind of effective antioxidant, contributes to remove the free radical in body.In fact Ipomoea batatas or a kind of desirable diet food.Its heat content is very low, more much lower than general rice, so needn't worry can get fat after having eaten, can play antiobesity action on the contrary.
The function and efficacy of Ipomoea batatas is progressively cognitive by people, and Ipomoea batatas cultivated area, in continuous expansion, is limited but plough, and the output that only depends on expansion kind of area to increase Ipomoea batatas is inadequate, must improve the per unit area yield of Ipomoea batatas.At present, in the planting process of Ipomoea batatas, it is climing that many peasant habits are that Ipomoea batatas turns over, and with waddy, provokes Ipomoea batatas stem is climing, beats with strength, in order to avoid take root; In Ipomoea batatas process of growth, generally to turn over climing 2-3 time, the climing amount of damage of stem is large, and the underproduction is below 20%.Also some places, take root for fear of Ipomoea batatas stem is climing, and the way that normal employing is watered less, like this, take root phenomenon and can reduce, but Ipomoea batatas growth and development stage can be because of the water deficient underproduction.
High-quality Ipomoea batatas-No. 1, purple potato and gold zone be red eat No. two nutritious and there is special health care, the protein that it contains 20% left and right, comprise 18 seed amino acids, 10 several mineral materials such as vitamin A, B, C and phosphorus, iron, selenium, include the anthocyan that a large amount of medicinal health values are high.Include abundant iron, calcium, selenium element, be human body antifatigue, anti-ageing, the essential elements of enriching blood simultaneously, and selenium is again anticancer king, is easily absorbed by the body.Greatly develop purple potato and produce, improve the public general level of the health, improve the structure of agricultural production, the plantation income that increases peasant all has Important Economic meaning.At present, on market, especially purple Ipomoea batatas is less for Ipomoea batatas product, and price is soaring.Especially the multiple Ipomoea batatas product after processing can not only improve people's food quality, is in great demand in market, and added value multiplication, and economic benefit highlights.So current many enterprises or economic able person be certain about opportunity all promptly to the establishing of Ipomoea batatas deep processing project, and contact the production and supply of Ipomoea batatas product everywhere, guarantee the supply processing raw material.Therefore, plantation high-quality Ipomoea batatas market prospects are wide.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of simple to operate, the Ipomoea batatas implantation methods of increase yield significantly.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
, comprise seed selection, set up summer potato collect seedling garden, the whole ground of deep ploughing, cultivation and dense planting, scientific utilization of fertilizer, field management and disease prevention in advance,
Described cultivation comprises enlarging agent, uses enlarging agent to divide two stages, and the first stage is 5-10 gram of Ipomoea batatas enlarging agent for mu, adds 5 kilograms of dissolvings of clear water, then uses fine earth furnishing pasty state, is stained with seedling base portion 2-3 joint before planting, and for improving survival rate, waters sufficient water after cultivation; Second stage is that Ipomoea batatas seedling grows to 40-50cm, first with 5-10kg 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, fills with root for every mu, more every mu of mu executes 3-5g Ipomoea batatas enlarging agent and be dissolved in 30-40kg water, is sprayed on Ipomoea batatas blade face;
Described scientific utilization of fertilizer comprises trace element;
Described micro-iron content, calcium, magnesium, boron and manganese, each micronutrient levels comprises respectively pure iron 45-250ug, pure calcium 4200-6800ug, pure magnesium 1500-2300ug, pure boron 13-15ug and pure manganese 200-350ug;
Described field management comprises that built climbs by potato rattan; In planting process, adopt portable climingly, every 10-20 days liftings up of vines once, water in time, keep soil moisture, every 5-7 days, to the climing sprinkling of sweet potato leaves chrysanthemum lipid agricultural chemicals.
Seed selection, suits measures to local conditions, and selects the good Ipomoea batatas of kind to do seed: the type of eating raw is selected Beijing 553, No. 8, potato of Soviet Union, No. 5, Henan potato, No. 1, the purple potato of detoxification; Suitable roasting select potato cigarette 27, cigarette 251, Xu's potato 18 of No. 7, processing type variety adoption Henan potato, detoxification, Su Yu 303, Xu's potato 54-1.
Set up the summer potato garden of collecting seedling, select soil property fertile, the garden of collecting seedling, the plot of nearly water source, convenient management; Mu is executed night soil 50-70 load, the carbon ammonium 15-20 kilogram becoming thoroughly decomposed, and plays the ridge, the high 15-20cm in the ridge, line-spacing 30-50cm, spacing in the rows 15-20cm, every mu of 0.8-1 ten thousand strains; During the long 30-40cm of seedling, pinch, short minute branch growth, has more strong sprout, and the ratio in the Yu Xiashu field, garden of collecting seedling is 1:15, and the standard in strong sprout is: stem is sturdy, and internode is short, and blade is fertile, pushes up three leaves neat, and without aerial root, juice is many, and hundred seedling fresh weights are more than 750 grams.
Deep plough wholely, Ipomoea batatas is root crop, is conducive to piece root and expands in Deep Soil Layers, and the whole ground of deep ploughing, plays the requirement that the ridge can reach active soil stratum, tilling depth 30-40cm; Selection soil is deep, the good sandy loam of water and fertilizer condition, and by deep ploughing and intensive cultivation, the fixed point plantation of heap cave, seeding row spacing 0.6 * 1.2m.
Cultivation and dense planting, spring potato is in plantation mid-April-mid-May, and summer potato is taked to rush-harvest and rush-plant after Mai Long interplanting or wheat; Ipomoea batatas density should be determined according to soil fertility, kind, cultivation condition, high every mu of 2500-3000 strain fertilely, line-spacing 50-70cm, spacing in the rows 25-30cm, in every mu of climing kind plant 3000-3500 strain, line-spacing line-spacing 50-70cm, spacing in the rows 20-25cm.
Scientific utilization of fertilizer, Ipomoea batatas fertilizer requirement is large, needs potash fertilizer maximum, and nitrogenous fertilizer takes second place, and phosphate fertilizer is again; Mu is executed nitrogen 3.5-5kg, phosphorus 1.75-2kg, potassium 5.5-7kg; Every strain is put into the fertilizer 0.25-3kg that chicken manure organic fertilizer and phosphorus potash fertilizer mixes thoroughly and is made base fertilizer, and built is climbed by potato rattan; In conjunction with trace element, apply.In planting process, adopt portable climingly, every 10-20 days liftings up of vines once, do not worry that stem is climing to take root, can water in time, keep soil moisture, every 5-7 days, to the climing sprinkling of sweet potato leaves chrysanthemum lipid agricultural chemicals.
Field management, 3-5 days after planting, looks into line by line seedling and fills a vacancy, to weak seedling seedling emphasis fertilizing, watering; In time cultivation and banking is eliminated weeds, returns intertillage in time after seedling, in order to potato seedling, sends out; Early execute seedling fertilizer, to the potato seedling a little less than growing way, at group's timely Nitrogen Top Dressing of a phase, every mu of carbon ammonium 10-15 kilogram applies phosphorus potash fertilizer simultaneously; Spray Ipomoea batatas enlarging agent and potassium dihydrogen phosphate and fill with root, every mu of group's phase and potato piece expanding stage, 3-5 gram of Ipomoea batatas enlarging agent is watered 40-50 kilogram to carry out blade face and sprays, and potato piece expanding stage is irrigated with 300 times of liquid of potassium dihydrogen phosphate; Pinch and do not turn over seedling, suppress apical dominance, control trunk diameter growth; Suppress prosperous length, to prosperous long field, can spread fertilizer over the fields ash or foliage spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate 400 liquid or spray 200-300PPM paclobutrazol, to too prosperous long field, also can suitably wipe out part cauline leaf and make feed.
The anti-worm of curing the disease, seedling stage, soil insect added 5 kilograms, water with 90% trichlorphon 100-150 gram/acre, stirring 5 kilograms of dusks of wheat is sprinkled into field, the harm such as later stage hawkmoth, leaf roller or bridging worm, mu adds 50 kilograms of foliage spray of water with Belmark 15-20ml or 2.5% cream of decamethrin 10-15ml, if have black spot to occur, 100 times of liquid irrigating roots of available 40% carbendazim.
Above-described chrysanthemum lipid agricultural chemicals refers to beta-cypermethrin.Adopt the various insects of spraying control, use the formulation 1500-2000 times of liquid of 4.5%-5%, or 10% formulation or 3000-4000 times of liquid of 100 grams per liter missible oil, even spraying, best at insect initial stage of origination effect of spraying pesticide.
Advantage of the present invention is: simple to operate, and increase yield significantly.As long as increase Ipomoea batatas output, not only promoted the development of processing enterprise, also will cause vast farmers actively plants, the effect of increasing farmers' income and getting rich and getting instant result playing, meanwhile, also will be fully used large quantities of nonirrigated farmlands, mountain region, the grain of China will obtain larger development, the people's livelihood will obtain larger improvement, and to promoting society, economic development all will play an important role.
Development high-quality Ipomoea batatas produces, and is also a part important in developing agricultural, does not relate to relevant poisonous and harmful article in enforcement, weather, water and soil, people and animals and society are all impacted, and be a kind of safe and reliable industry.Ipomoea batatas belongs to short green plants, and the ecology of overall situation is improved and also can be played certain supplementary function.
The feature of high-production planting method for sweet potato of the present invention is: in Ipomoea batatas growth, drag the climing phase, change turn over climing for portable climing, every 10-20 days liftings up of vines once, and, every 5-7 days, in the ratio of 0.7-1.5%o to the climing sprinkling of sweet potato leaves chrysanthemum lipid agricultural chemicals once, described chrysanthemum lipid agricultural chemicals can be beta-cypermethrin or decis.
Owing to changing, turn over climingly for portable climing, on the one hand, the climing damage of stem reduces, and on the other hand, blade face, is conducive to photosynthesis upward, has promoted Ipomoea batatas growth; Every 10-20 days liftings up of vines once, do not worry that stem is climing to take root, can water in time, keep soil moisture, be beneficial to Ipomoea batatas growth; Every 5-7 days, to the climing sprinkling of sweet potato leaves chrysanthemum lipid agricultural chemicals, can prevent and treat the climing endobiosis virus of Ipomoea batatas stem, Ipomoea batatas stem tuber is grown unaffected.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Breeding-No. 1, purple potato has higher output plantation in 2012, and has summed up in the course of cultivation certain experiences, for enforcement of the present invention provides important technical guarantee.The place of implementing is in the Gangnan District of Guigang, Guangxi, be positioned at 109 ° 17 of east longitude '-109 ° 53 ', 22 ° 39 '-23 ° 26 of north latitude ', in monsoon climatic region, subtropics, Guigang mean temperature of air 20.3-21.5 ℃, mean temperature of air active accumulated temperature 6500-6800 ℃, 353 days frost-free seasons of year, year sunshine duration 1670 hours, average annual rainfall 1250-1800 millimeter, precipitation focused mostly in the 5-9 month, annual relative moisture 77.78%.The Demonstration And Extension plantation point of selecting, all belongs to lateritic red loam, and quality is sandy loam, and soil layer is deeper, and not ponding, and draining is good, and the high-yield culturing that is more than purple potato provides important good natural environmental condition.Purple potato was planted maximum single plant yield at 55.5 kilograms in 2012,2222.3 kilograms of per mu yields No. 1.
This high-production planting method for sweet potato:
1, seed selection, suits measures to local conditions, and selects purple potato to do seed No. 1.
2, set up the summer potato garden of collecting seedling, select soil property fertile, the garden of collecting seedling, the plot of nearly water source, convenient management; Mu is executed 15 kilograms of night soil 50 load, the carbon ammoniums that become thoroughly decomposed, plays the ridge, the high 15cm in the ridge, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 15cm, every mu of 0.8 ten thousand strains; During the long 30cm of seedling, pinch, short minute branch growth, has more strong sprout, and the ratio in the Yu Xiashu field, garden of collecting seedling is 1:15, and the standard in strong sprout is: stem is sturdy, and internode is short, and blade is fertile, pushes up three leaves neat, and without aerial root, juice is many, and hundred seedling fresh weights are more than 750 grams.
3, deep plough wholely, Ipomoea batatas is root crop, is conducive to piece root and expands in Deep Soil Layers, and the whole ground of deep ploughing, plays the requirement that the ridge can reach active soil stratum, tilling depth 30cm; Selection soil is deep, the good sandy loam of water and fertilizer condition, and by deep ploughing and intensive cultivation, the fixed point plantation of heap cave, seeding row spacing 0.6 * 1.2m.
4, cultivation and dense planting, spring potato was planted mid-April, and summer potato is taked to rush-harvest and rush-plant after Mai Long interplanting or wheat; Ipomoea batatas density should be determined according to soil fertility, kind, cultivation condition, high every mu of 2500 strains fertilely, line-spacing 70cm, spacing in the rows 30cm, in every mu of climing kind plantation 3000 strains, line-spacing line-spacing 70cm, spacing in the rows 30cm, during plantation, mu, with 5 grams of Ipomoea batatas enlarging agents, adds 5 kilograms of dissolvings of clear water, use again fine earth furnishing pasty state, before planting, be stained with seedling base portion 2-3 joint, for improving survival rate, after cultivation, water sufficient water; Treat that Ipomoea batatas seedling grows to 40cm, first with 5kg 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, fill with root for every mu, more every mu of mu executes 3g Ipomoea batatas enlarging agent and be dissolved in 30kg water, be sprayed on Ipomoea batatas blade face.
5, scientific utilization of fertilizer, Ipomoea batatas fertilizer requirement is large, needs potash fertilizer maximum, and nitrogenous fertilizer takes second place, and phosphate fertilizer is again; Mu is executed nitrogen 3.5kg, phosphorus 1.75kg, potassium 5.5kg; Every strain is put into the fertilizer 0.25kg that chicken manure organic fertilizer and phosphorus potash fertilizer mixes thoroughly and is made base fertilizer, and built is climbed by potato rattan; In conjunction with trace element, apply, add pure iron 45ug, pure calcium 4200ug, pure magnesium 1500ug, pure boron 13ug and pure manganese 200ug.
6, field management, adopts portable climingly in planting process, every 10 days liftings up of vines once, do not worry that stem is climing to take root, and can water in time, keeps soil moisture, every 5 days, to the climing sprinkling of sweet potato leaves chrysanthemum lipid agricultural chemicals.Plant latter 3 days, look into line by line seedling and fill a vacancy, to weak seedling seedling emphasis fertilizing, watering; In time cultivation and banking is eliminated weeds, returns intertillage in time after seedling, in order to potato seedling, sends out; Early execute seedling fertilizer, to the potato seedling a little less than growing way, at group's timely Nitrogen Top Dressing of a phase, 10 kilograms of every mu of carbon ammoniums apply phosphorus potash fertilizer simultaneously; Spray Ipomoea batatas enlarging agent and potassium dihydrogen phosphate and fill with root, every mu of group's phase and potato piece expanding stage, 3 grams of Ipomoea batatas enlarging agents are watered 40 kilograms to carry out blade face and sprays, and potato piece expanding stage is irrigated with 300 times of liquid of potassium dihydrogen phosphate; Pinch and do not turn over seedling, suppress apical dominance, control trunk diameter growth; Suppress prosperous length, to prosperous long field, can spread fertilizer over the fields ash or foliage spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate 400 liquid or spray 200-300PPM paclobutrazol, to too prosperous long field, also can suitably wipe out part cauline leaf and make feed;
7, the anti-worm of curing the disease, seedling stage, soil insect added 5 kilograms, water with 100 grams/acre of 90% trichlorphons, stirring 5 kilograms of dusks of wheat is sprinkled into field, the harm such as later stage hawkmoth, leaf roller or bridging worm, mu adds 50 kilograms of foliage spray of water with Belmark 10ml or 2.5% cream of decamethrin 10ml, if have black spot to occur, 100 times of liquid irrigating roots of available 40% carbendazim.
Embodiment 2
1, seed selection, suits measures to local conditions, and selects Soviet Union's potato to do seed No. 8.
2, set up the summer potato garden of collecting seedling, select soil property fertile, the garden of collecting seedling, the plot of nearly water source, convenient management; Mu is executed 20 kilograms of night soil 70 load, the carbon ammoniums that become thoroughly decomposed, plays the ridge, the high 20cm in the ridge, line-spacing 50cm, spacing in the rows 20cm, every mu of 10,000 strains; During the long 40cm of seedling, pinch, short minute branch growth, has more strong sprout, and the ratio in the Yu Xiashu field, garden of collecting seedling is 1:15, and the standard in strong sprout is: stem is sturdy, and internode is short, and blade is fertile, pushes up three leaves neat, and without aerial root, juice is many, and hundred seedling fresh weights are more than 750 grams.
3, deep plough wholely, Ipomoea batatas is root crop, is conducive to piece root and expands in Deep Soil Layers, and the whole ground of deep ploughing, plays the requirement that the ridge can reach active soil stratum, tilling depth 40cm; Selection soil is deep, the good sandy loam of water and fertilizer condition, and by deep ploughing and intensive cultivation, the fixed point plantation of heap cave, seeding row spacing 0.6 * 1.2m.
4, cultivation and dense planting, spring potato was planted mid-May, and summer potato is taked to rush-harvest and rush-plant after Mai Long interplanting or wheat; Ipomoea batatas density should be determined according to soil fertility, kind, cultivation condition, high every mu of 3000 strains fertilely, line-spacing 50cm, spacing in the rows 25cm, in every mu of climing kind plantation 3500 strains, line-spacing line-spacing 50cm, spacing in the rows 20cm, during plantation, mu, with 10 grams of Ipomoea batatas enlarging agents, adds 5 kilograms of dissolvings of clear water, use again fine earth furnishing pasty state, before planting, be stained with seedling base portion 2-3 joint, for improving survival rate, after cultivation, water sufficient water; Treat that Ipomoea batatas seedling grows to 50cm, first with 10kg 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, fill with root for every mu, more every mu of mu executes 5g Ipomoea batatas enlarging agent and be dissolved in 40kg water, be sprayed on Ipomoea batatas blade face.
5, scientific utilization of fertilizer, Ipomoea batatas fertilizer requirement is large, needs potash fertilizer maximum, and nitrogenous fertilizer takes second place, and phosphate fertilizer is again; Mu is executed nitrogen 5kg, phosphorus 2kg, potassium 7kg; Every strain is put into the fertilizer 3kg that chicken manure organic fertilizer and phosphorus potash fertilizer mixes thoroughly and is made base fertilizer, and built is climbed by potato rattan; In conjunction with trace element, apply, add pure iron 250ug, pure calcium 6800ug, pure magnesium 2300ug, pure boron 15ug and pure manganese 350ug.
6, field management, adopts portable climingly in planting process, every 20 days liftings up of vines once, do not worry that stem is climing to take root, and can water in time, keeps soil moisture, every 7 days, to the climing sprinkling of sweet potato leaves chrysanthemum lipid agricultural chemicals.Plant latter 5 days, look into line by line seedling and fill a vacancy, to weak seedling seedling emphasis fertilizing, watering; In time cultivation and banking is eliminated weeds, returns intertillage in time after seedling, in order to potato seedling, sends out; Early execute seedling fertilizer, to the potato seedling a little less than growing way, at group's timely Nitrogen Top Dressing of a phase, 15 kilograms of every mu of carbon ammoniums apply phosphorus potash fertilizer simultaneously; Spray Ipomoea batatas enlarging agent and potassium dihydrogen phosphate and fill with root, every mu of group's phase and potato piece expanding stage, 5 grams of Ipomoea batatas enlarging agents are watered 50 kilograms to carry out blade face and sprays, and potato piece expanding stage is irrigated with 300 times of liquid of potassium dihydrogen phosphate; Pinch and do not turn over seedling, suppress apical dominance, control trunk diameter growth; Suppress prosperous length, to prosperous long field, can spread fertilizer over the fields ash or foliage spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate 400 liquid or spray 200-300PPM paclobutrazol, to too prosperous long field, also can suitably wipe out part cauline leaf and make feed.
7, the anti-worm of curing the disease, seedling stage, soil insect added 5 kilograms, water with 150 grams/acre of 90% trichlorphons, stirring 5 kilograms of dusks of wheat is sprinkled into field, the harm such as later stage hawkmoth, leaf roller or bridging worm, mu adds 50 kilograms of foliage spray of water with Belmark 20ml or 2.5% cream of decamethrin 15ml, if have black spot to occur, 100 times of liquid irrigating roots of available 40% carbendazim.
Embodiment 3
1, seed selection, suits measures to local conditions, and selects potato cigarette 27 to do seed.
2, set up the summer potato garden of collecting seedling, select soil property fertile, the garden of collecting seedling, the plot of nearly water source, convenient management; Mu is executed 18 kilograms of night soil 60 load, the carbon ammoniums that become thoroughly decomposed, plays the ridge, the high 18cm in the ridge, line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 18cm, every mu of 0.9 ten thousand strains; During the long 35cm of seedling, pinch, short minute branch growth, has more strong sprout, and the ratio in the Yu Xiashu field, garden of collecting seedling is 1:15, and the standard in strong sprout is: stem is sturdy, and internode is short, and blade is fertile, pushes up three leaves neat, and without aerial root, juice is many, and hundred seedling fresh weights are more than 750 grams.
3, deep plough wholely, Ipomoea batatas is root crop, is conducive to piece root and expands in Deep Soil Layers, and the whole ground of deep ploughing, plays the requirement that the ridge can reach active soil stratum, tilling depth 35cm; Selection soil is deep, the good sandy loam of water and fertilizer condition, and by deep ploughing and intensive cultivation, the fixed point plantation of heap cave, seeding row spacing 0.6 * 1.2m.
4, cultivation and dense planting, spring potato is in plantation in the first tenday period of a month in May, and summer potato is taked to rush-harvest and rush-plant after Mai Long interplanting or wheat; Ipomoea batatas density should be determined according to soil fertility, kind, cultivation condition, high every mu of 2800 strains fertilely, line-spacing 60cm, spacing in the rows 28cm, in every mu of climing kind plantation 3300 strains, line-spacing line-spacing 53cm, spacing in the rows 23cm, during plantation, mu, with 8 grams of Ipomoea batatas enlarging agents, adds 5 kilograms of dissolvings of clear water, use again fine earth furnishing pasty state, before planting, be stained with seedling base portion 2-3 joint, for improving survival rate, after cultivation, water sufficient water; Treat that Ipomoea batatas seedling grows to 45cm, first with 8kg 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, fill with root for every mu, more every mu of mu executes 4g Ipomoea batatas enlarging agent and be dissolved in 35kg water, be sprayed on Ipomoea batatas blade face.
5, scientific utilization of fertilizer, Ipomoea batatas fertilizer requirement is large, needs potash fertilizer maximum, and nitrogenous fertilizer takes second place, and phosphate fertilizer is again; Mu is executed nitrogen 4kg, phosphorus 1.8kg, potassium 6kg; Every strain is put into the fertilizer 0.28kg that chicken manure organic fertilizer and phosphorus potash fertilizer mixes thoroughly and is made base fertilizer, and built is climbed by potato rattan; In conjunction with trace element, apply, add pure iron 100ug, pure calcium 5000ug, pure magnesium 2000ug, pure boron 14ug and pure manganese 300ug.
6, field management, adopts portable climingly in planting process, every 15 days liftings up of vines once, do not worry that stem is climing to take root, and can water in time, keeps soil moisture, every 6 days, to the climing sprinkling of sweet potato leaves chrysanthemum lipid agricultural chemicals.Plant latter 4 days, look into line by line seedling and fill a vacancy, to weak seedling seedling emphasis fertilizing, watering; In time cultivation and banking is eliminated weeds, returns intertillage in time after seedling, in order to potato seedling, sends out; Early execute seedling fertilizer, to the potato seedling a little less than growing way, at group's timely Nitrogen Top Dressing of a phase, 13 kilograms of every mu of carbon ammoniums apply phosphorus potash fertilizer simultaneously; Spray Ipomoea batatas enlarging agent and potassium dihydrogen phosphate and fill with root, every mu of group's phase and potato piece expanding stage, 4 grams of Ipomoea batatas enlarging agents are watered 45 kilograms to carry out blade face and sprays, and potato piece expanding stage is irrigated with 300 times of liquid of potassium dihydrogen phosphate; Pinch and do not turn over seedling, suppress apical dominance, control trunk diameter growth; Suppress prosperous length, to prosperous long field, can spread fertilizer over the fields ash or foliage spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate 400 liquid or spray 250PPM paclobutrazol, to too prosperous long field, also can suitably wipe out part cauline leaf and make feed.
7, the anti-worm of curing the disease, seedling stage, soil insect added 5 kilograms, water with 130 grams/acre of 90% trichlorphons, stirring 5 kilograms of dusks of wheat is sprinkled into field, the harm such as later stage hawkmoth, leaf roller or bridging worm, mu adds 50 kilograms of foliage spray of water with Belmark 18ml or 2.5% cream of decamethrin 12ml, if have black spot to occur, 100 times of liquid irrigating roots of available 40% carbendazim.
Claims (8)
1. a high-production planting method for sweet potato, comprises seed selection, sets up summer potato collect seedling garden, the whole ground of deep ploughing, cultivation and dense planting, scientific utilization of fertilizer, field management and disease prevention in advance, it is characterized in that,
Described cultivation comprises enlarging agent, uses enlarging agent to divide two stages, and the first stage is 5-10 gram of Ipomoea batatas enlarging agent for mu, adds 5 kilograms of dissolvings of clear water, then uses fine earth furnishing pasty state, is stained with seedling base portion 2-3 joint before planting, and for improving survival rate, waters sufficient water after cultivation; Second stage is that Ipomoea batatas seedling grows to 40-50cm, first with 5-10kg 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, fills with root for every mu, more every mu of mu executes 3-5g Ipomoea batatas enlarging agent and be dissolved in 30-40kg water, is sprayed on Ipomoea batatas blade face;
Described scientific utilization of fertilizer comprises trace element;
Described micro-iron content, calcium, magnesium, boron and manganese, each micronutrient levels comprises respectively pure iron 45-250ug, pure calcium 4200-6800ug, pure magnesium 1500-2300ug, pure boron 13-15ug and pure manganese 200-350ug;
Described field management comprises that built climbs by potato rattan; In planting process, adopt portable climingly, every 10-20 days liftings up of vines once, water in time, keep soil moisture, every 5-7 days, to the climing sprinkling of sweet potato leaves chrysanthemum lipid agricultural chemicals.
2. high-production planting method for sweet potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described to set up the summer potato garden of collecting seedling be to select soil property fertile, the garden of collecting seedling, the plot of nearly water source, convenient management; Mu is executed night soil 50-70 load, the carbon ammonium 15-20 kilogram becoming thoroughly decomposed, and plays the ridge, the high 15-20cm in the ridge, line-spacing 30-50cm, spacing in the rows 15-20cm, every mu of 0.8-1 ten thousand strains; During the long 30-40cm of seedling, pinch, short minute branch growth, has more strong sprout, and the ratio in the Yu Xiashu field, garden of collecting seedling is 1:15.
3. according to high-production planting method for sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described deep ploughing is tilling depth 30-40cm wholely; Selection soil is deep, the good sandy loam of water and fertilizer condition, and by deep ploughing and intensive cultivation, the fixed point plantation of heap cave, seeding row spacing 0.6 * 1.2m.
4. according to high-production planting method for sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cultivation and dense planting are that spring potato was planted mid-April-mid-May, and summer potato is taked to rush-harvest and rush-plant after Mai Long interplanting or wheat; Density should be according to soil fertility, kind, every mu of 2500-3000 strain of cultivation condition, line-spacing 50-70cm, spacing in the rows 25-30cm.
5. according to high-production planting method for sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described scientific utilization of fertilizer is that mu is executed nitrogen 3.5-5kg, phosphorus 1.75-2kg, potassium 5.5-7kg; Every strain is put into the fertilizer 0.25-3kg that chicken manure organic fertilizer and phosphorus potash fertilizer mixes thoroughly and is made base fertilizer, and built is climbed by potato rattan; In conjunction with trace element, apply.
6. according to high-production planting method for sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described field management is 3-5 days after planting, and looks into line by line seedling and fills a vacancy, to weak seedling seedling emphasis fertilizing, watering; In time cultivation and banking is eliminated weeds, returns intertillage in time after seedling, in order to potato seedling, sends out; Early execute seedling fertilizer, to the potato seedling a little less than growing way, at group's timely Nitrogen Top Dressing of a phase, every mu of carbon ammonium 10-15 kilogram applies phosphorus potash fertilizer simultaneously; Spray Ipomoea batatas enlarging agent and potassium dihydrogen phosphate and fill with root, every mu of group's phase and potato piece expanding stage, 3-5 gram of Ipomoea batatas enlarging agent is watered 40-50 kilogram to carry out blade face and sprays, and potato piece expanding stage is irrigated with 300 times of liquid of potassium dihydrogen phosphate; Pinch and do not turn over seedling, suppress apical dominance, control trunk diameter growth; Suppress prosperous length, to prosperous long field, can spread fertilizer over the fields ash or foliage spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate 400 liquid or spray 200-300PPM paclobutrazol, to too prosperous long field, also can suitably wipe out part cauline leaf and make feed.
7. according to high-production planting method for sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described anti-worm of curing the disease be seedling stage soil insect with 90% trichlorphon 100-150 gram/acre, add 5 kilograms, water, stirring 5 kilograms of dusks of wheat is sprinkled into field, the harm such as later stage hawkmoth, leaf roller or bridging worm, mu adds 50 kilograms of foliage spray of water with Belmark 15-20ml or 2.5% cream of decamethrin 10-15ml, if there is black spot to occur, and 100 times of liquid irrigating roots of available 40% carbendazim.
8. high-production planting method for sweet potato according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described chrysanthemum lipid agricultural chemicals refers to beta-cypermethrin.
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| CN103988668A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-08-20 | 梁栋 | Planting method for sweet potatoes |
| CN104396480A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-03-11 | 铜陵县香联生态农业科技园有限公司 | Sweet potato cultivation method |
| CN104429484A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-25 | 安徽省龙海种业有限公司 | Method for cultivating sweet potatoes in southwest region |
| CN104429579A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-03-25 | 张勇 | Greenhouse planting method for purple sweet potatoes |
| CN104756692A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-07-08 | 北京联合大学 | Method for planting sweet potato sprouting vegetables |
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| CN106588406A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-26 | 金寨县益农农业科技开发有限公司 | Method of utilizing waste woven bags to plant sweet potatoes high efficiently |
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| CN104396480A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-03-11 | 铜陵县香联生态农业科技园有限公司 | Sweet potato cultivation method |
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| CN106888766A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-27 | 林天国 | A kind of method of sweet potato built cultivation |
| CN105706805A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-06-29 | 李家建 | Method for assisting underground insect damage prevention during seedling stage of sweet potatoes by use of wheat |
| CN107667808A (en) * | 2016-07-31 | 2018-02-09 | 陆超 | A kind of cultivation method of sweet potato |
| CN106508341A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-03-22 | 郧县红薯研究所 | Method for increasing sweet potato yield |
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| CN106717809A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-31 | 河池市农业科学研究所 | A kind of high-production planting method for sweet potato |
| CN106717834A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 马健 | For the cultural method of organic Ipomoea batatas high yield |
| CN106613261A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 文山州富民红薯种植农民专业合作社 | High-yield cultivation method for sweet potatoes |
| CN107155571A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-09-15 | 王立存 | A kind of implantation methods of zinc-rich sweet potato |
| CN107347406A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-17 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of interplanting method of selenium-enriched high-calcium purple sweetpotato |
| CN107896888A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-13 | 李小婷 | A kind of implantation methods of sweet potato |
| CN109041729A (en) * | 2018-10-27 | 2018-12-21 | 山西惠亿农生物科技有限公司 | A kind of selenium-enriched sweet potato implantation methods |
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