CN104429484A - Method for cultivating sweet potatoes in southwest region - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for cultivating sweet potatoes in the southwest region, and relates to the technical field of sweet potato cultivation planting. The method is characterized by including the steps of high-yield variety selection, strong seedling cultivation, deep tillage and ridge forming, formula fertilization, timely early planting, rational close planting, early hole applied fertilizer application, middle and later period management and pest control. The method is reasonable, operation is easy, and planting is convenient.

Description

The method of southwest Ipomoea batatas cultivation

Technical field:

The present invention relates to Ipomoea batatas cultivating and growing technical field, be specifically related to the method for southwest Ipomoea batatas cultivation.

Background technology:

Ipomoea batatas original name sweet potato, has another name called fennel taro, sweet storage, sweet potato, Zhu's potato, golden potato etc., belongs to tubular flower order, Convolvulaceae annual herb plant, blade is generally width egg shape, long 4-13 centimetre, wide 3-13 centimetre, corolla pink, white, lavender or purple, mitriform or funnel-form, long 3-4 centimetre, capsule is avette or oblate, there is false dissepiment, be divided into Room 4.Ipomoea batatas is rich in protein, starch, pectin, cellulose, amino acid, vitamin and several mineral materials, has the reputation of " life prolonging food ".Sugar content reaches 15%-20%.There is the effect such as anticancer, cardioprotection, prevention pulmonary emphysema, diabetes, fat-reducing.Be commonly called as pachyrhizus again.

And due to Ipomoea batatas not only nutritious, or a kind of health food of dietotherapeutic, improving constantly particularly along with people's living standard, Ipomoea batatas has been called the best-selling product on market more, deeply by consumers; So just make the large-area increase of the plantation of Ipomoea batatas, meanwhile, when there is no good management or enough staff, not only can not increase production, also can bring great economic loss, and also may have a certain impact for environment.

Summary of the invention:

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that overcoming existing technological deficiency provides a kind of method that method is reasonable, simple to operate, plant southwest Ipomoea batatas cultivation easily.

Technical problem to be solved by this invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:

The method of southwest Ipomoea batatas cultivation, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps,

Step one, select high yielding variety: produce should select plum seek No. one, Henan potato 868, the high-yield disease resisting detoxification kind such as No. 4, Qin's potato;

Step 2, nurturing staff: plant summer potato in Localities In Southwest, 5-8 days before and after clear and bright, adopt the nursery of open country covered with plastic film, descend sufficient potato seed, science carries out the management of temperature, fertilizer, moisture, cultivates enough strong sprouts, ensures once to plant to survive;

Step 3, deep ploughing ridging: Ipomoea batatas is root crop, requires that soil active soil stratum is thick, good permeability, fertile appropriateness, infiltration, water resistance is good; According to the feature of Soils In The Region and weather, in conjunction with using base fertilizer, carry out deep ploughing ridging in time, tilling depth 30-40cm, single file is transplanted and press 70cm line-spacing ridging, and duplicate rows transplanting presses 100-120cm line-spacing ridging, ridge height 20-30cm;

Step 4, rational application of fertilizers: the principle of Ipomoea batatas fertilising is heavy dressing phosphorus potash fertilizer, suitable nitrogen fertilizer application, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium coordinate, and based on fertilizer, chemical fertilizer is auxiliary; In conjunction with whole ground ridging, mu executes farmyard manure 2000-3000kg, normal superphosphate 40-50kg, carbon ammonium 30-44kg, potassium chlorate 15-22kg;

Step 5, to plant: according to the weather conditions of locality, will transplant in time when meeting rain, or when robbing, drought resisting is carried water transplanting, ensures that Ipomoea batatas has longer vegetative period in good time early;

Step 6, rational close planting: when planting, every mu of 2350-2780 strain of planting;

Step 7, morning execute and carry seed manure: Ipomoea batatas is transplanted in latter 3-5 days, looks into seedling line by line and fills a vacancy, water to weak seedling seedling emphasis, ensure full stand; In conjunction with intertill and clean tillage, early execute and carry seed manure, promote the growth of root, leaf, accomplish fluently high yield basis; The every mu of urea 3-5kg that spreads manuer in holes, accomplish Shaoshi in strong sprout, weak seedling is executed more, promotes potato seedling homoepitaxial;

Step 8, middle and later periods management: 5-9 days before and after the climing envelope ridge of Ipomoea batatas, comparatively fast, nutrient requirement increases gradually for cauline leaf and underground block root growth on the ground, according to Ipomoea batatas nutrient uptake feature, answer the fertilizer such as heavy dressing nitrogen, potassium, promote that block root expands, the every mu of urea 10kg and potassium sulfate 15kg that spreads manuer in holes; Ipomoea batatas master is climing grow to 46-55cm time, carry out pinching, suppress trunk diameter growth; After entering rainy season, the way of root hair of taking to carry rattan, grab pine, pull apart controls it and nourishes and grows; Also chemical control means can be taked with mepiquat chloride for prosperous length; Gather in the crops in time when temperature is down to 13-17 DEG C, will gather in the crops before the Beginning of Winter;

Step 9, pest control: Ipomoea batatas sick worm in vegetative period is less, has the soil insect harm such as black cutworm, grub, mole cricket, use phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 100g for every mu, mix fine sand or fine earth 30kg, be evenly sprinkled in soil and prevent and treat during seedling stage; Later stage mainly contains the insect pests such as Ipomoea batatas hawkmoth, can artificial capture method or with 80% ddvp emulsion, 2000 times of liquid spraying control.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is: very clear of above-mentioned step statement, just very convenient when staff is with reference to above-mentioned steps work like this, and it is very clear that each step is stated, just be not easy when such work to occur large error or error, just can increase work efficiency.The inventive method is reasonable, simple to operate, plantation is convenient.

Embodiment:

The technological means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, setting forth the present invention further below.

The method of southwest Ipomoea batatas cultivation, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps,

Step one, select high yielding variety: produce should select plum seek No. one, Henan potato 868, the high-yield disease resisting detoxification kind such as No. 4, Qin's potato;

Step 2, nurturing staff: plant summer potato in Localities In Southwest, 5-8 days before and after clear and bright, adopt the nursery of open country covered with plastic film, descend sufficient potato seed, science carries out the management of temperature, fertilizer, moisture, cultivates enough strong sprouts, ensures once to plant to survive;

Step 3, deep ploughing ridging: Ipomoea batatas is root crop, requires that soil active soil stratum is thick, good permeability, fertile appropriateness, infiltration, water resistance is good; According to the feature of Soils In The Region and weather, in conjunction with using base fertilizer, carry out deep ploughing ridging in time, tilling depth 30-40cm, single file is transplanted and press 70cm line-spacing ridging, and duplicate rows transplanting presses 100-120cm line-spacing ridging, ridge height 20-30cm;

Step 4, rational application of fertilizers: the principle of Ipomoea batatas fertilising is heavy dressing phosphorus potash fertilizer, suitable nitrogen fertilizer application, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium coordinate, and based on fertilizer, chemical fertilizer is auxiliary; In conjunction with whole ground ridging, mu executes farmyard manure 2000-3000kg, normal superphosphate 40-50kg, carbon ammonium 30-44kg, potassium chlorate 15-22kg;

Step 5, to plant: according to the weather conditions of locality, will transplant in time when meeting rain, or when robbing, drought resisting is carried water transplanting, ensures that Ipomoea batatas has longer vegetative period in good time early;

Step 6, rational close planting: when planting, every mu of 2350-2780 strain of planting;

Step 7, morning execute and carry seed manure: Ipomoea batatas is transplanted in latter 3-5 days, looks into seedling line by line and fills a vacancy, water to weak seedling seedling emphasis, ensure full stand; In conjunction with intertill and clean tillage, early execute and carry seed manure, promote the growth of root, leaf, accomplish fluently high yield basis; The every mu of urea 3-5kg that spreads manuer in holes, accomplish Shaoshi in strong sprout, weak seedling is executed more, promotes potato seedling homoepitaxial;

Step 8, middle and later periods management: 5-9 days before and after the climing envelope ridge of Ipomoea batatas, comparatively fast, nutrient requirement increases gradually for cauline leaf and underground block root growth on the ground, according to Ipomoea batatas nutrient uptake feature, answer the fertilizer such as heavy dressing nitrogen, potassium, promote that block root expands, the every mu of urea 10kg and potassium sulfate 15kg that spreads manuer in holes; Ipomoea batatas master is climing grow to 46-55cm time, carry out pinching, suppress trunk diameter growth; After entering rainy season, the way of root hair of taking to carry rattan, grab pine, pull apart controls it and nourishes and grows; Also chemical control means can be taked with mepiquat chloride for prosperous length; Gather in the crops in time when temperature is down to 13-17 DEG C, will gather in the crops before the Beginning of Winter;

Step 9, pest control: Ipomoea batatas sick worm in vegetative period is less, has the soil insect harm such as black cutworm, grub, mole cricket, use phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 100g for every mu, mix fine sand or fine earth 30kg, be evenly sprinkled in soil and prevent and treat during seedling stage; Later stage mainly contains the insect pests such as Ipomoea batatas hawkmoth, can artificial capture method or with 80% ddvp emulsion, 2000 times of liquid spraying control.

More than show and describe general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (1)

1. the method for southwest Ipomoea batatas cultivation, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps,

Step one, select high yielding variety: produce should select plum seek No. one, Henan potato 868, the high-yield disease resisting detoxification kind such as No. 4, Qin's potato;

Step 2, nurturing staff: plant summer potato in Localities In Southwest, 5-8 days before and after clear and bright, adopt the nursery of open country covered with plastic film, descend sufficient potato seed, science carries out the management of temperature, fertilizer, moisture, cultivates enough strong sprouts, ensures once to plant to survive;

Step 3, deep ploughing ridging: Ipomoea batatas is root crop, requires that soil active soil stratum is thick, good permeability, fertile appropriateness, infiltration, water resistance is good; According to the feature of Soils In The Region and weather, in conjunction with using base fertilizer, carry out deep ploughing ridging in time, tilling depth 30-40cm, single file is transplanted and press 70cm line-spacing ridging, and duplicate rows transplanting presses 100-120cm line-spacing ridging, ridge height 20-30cm;

Step 4, rational application of fertilizers: the principle of Ipomoea batatas fertilising is heavy dressing phosphorus potash fertilizer, suitable nitrogen fertilizer application, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium coordinate, and based on fertilizer, chemical fertilizer is auxiliary; In conjunction with whole ground ridging, mu executes farmyard manure 2000-3000kg, normal superphosphate 40-50kg, carbon ammonium 30-44kg, potassium chlorate 15-22kg;

Step 5, to plant: according to the weather conditions of locality, will transplant in time when meeting rain, or when robbing, drought resisting is carried water transplanting, ensures that Ipomoea batatas has longer vegetative period in good time early;

Step 6, rational close planting: when planting, every mu of 2350-2780 strain of planting;

Step 7, morning execute and carry seed manure: Ipomoea batatas is transplanted in latter 3-5 days, looks into seedling line by line and fills a vacancy, water to weak seedling seedling emphasis, ensure full stand; In conjunction with intertill and clean tillage, early execute and carry seed manure, promote the growth of root, leaf, accomplish fluently high yield basis; The every mu of urea 3-5kg that spreads manuer in holes, accomplish Shaoshi in strong sprout, weak seedling is executed more, promotes potato seedling homoepitaxial;

Step 8, middle and later periods management: 5-9 days before and after the climing envelope ridge of Ipomoea batatas, comparatively fast, nutrient requirement increases gradually for cauline leaf and underground block root growth on the ground, according to Ipomoea batatas nutrient uptake feature, answer the fertilizer such as heavy dressing nitrogen, potassium, promote that block root expands, the every mu of urea 10kg and potassium sulfate 15kg that spreads manuer in holes; Ipomoea batatas master is climing grow to 46-55cm time, carry out pinching, suppress trunk diameter growth; After entering rainy season, the way of root hair of taking to carry rattan, grab pine, pull apart controls it and nourishes and grows; Also chemical control means can be taked with mepiquat chloride for prosperous length; Gather in the crops in time when temperature is down to 13-17 DEG C, will gather in the crops before the Beginning of Winter;

Step 9, pest control: Ipomoea batatas sick worm in vegetative period is less, has the soil insect harm such as black cutworm, grub, mole cricket, use phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 100g for every mu, mix fine sand or fine earth 30kg, be evenly sprinkled in soil and prevent and treat during seedling stage; Later stage mainly contains the insect pests such as Ipomoea batatas hawkmoth, can artificial capture method or with 80% ddvp emulsion, 2000 times of liquid spraying control.