CN104347221B - Soft magnetic metal powder composite material and method for manufacturing it - Google Patents
Soft magnetic metal powder composite material and method for manufacturing it Download PDFInfo
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- CN104347221B CN104347221B CN201410382987.8A CN201410382987A CN104347221B CN 104347221 B CN104347221 B CN 104347221B CN 201410382987 A CN201410382987 A CN 201410382987A CN 104347221 B CN104347221 B CN 104347221B
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- nitridation
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- composite material
- soft magnetic
- powder composite
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 FeN Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 230000002742 anti-folding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical class N* 0.000 description 2
- 239000011238 particulate composite Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012916 structural analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000920 Fe16N2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000705 Fe2N Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017389 Fe3N Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001259 Fe3N1+x Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000727 Fe4N Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001035 Soft ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012611 container material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/33—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials mixtures of metallic and non-metallic particles; metallic particles having oxide skin
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/20—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
- H01F1/22—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
- H01F1/24—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together the particles being insulated
Abstract
Soft magnetic metal powder composite material and method for manufacturing it.The present invention relates to a kind of soft magnetic metal powder composite material, which is at least partially the nitridation portion on surface.The present invention is additionally related to the application of method and soft magnetic metal powder composite material of the present invention for manufacturing soft magnetic metal powder composite material of the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the soft magnetic metal powder composite materials in the nitridation portion for being at least partially surface.The present invention this
The method and metal powder composite material of the invention for manufacturing soft magnetic metal powder composite material of the present invention are further related to outside
Application.
Background technique
Soft magnetic metal powder composite material with high specific resistance is for example as in the magnet valve or motor being switched fast
In soft magnetism component and obtain technical application.For the application, special metal powder composite material is developed.Their benefits
It is generated with the technology of powdered-metal metallurgy by squeezing metal powder particle, these metal powder particles are equipped with high ohm
Superficial layer.
A kind of soft magnetic material is for example described in 199 45 592 A1 of DE, is suitable for use in magnet valve.In order to
The manufacture of the soft magnetic materials, the first powder particle to the original component of metallic powder be equipped with the superficial layer of high ohm and this
A little powder particles are then compressed into material.When being compressed into soft magnetic material, at least area each other by the superficial layer of powder particle
Welded by impact compress to domain.Suggest the pig iron or ferroalloy powder as powdered original component, surface equipped with
Oxide layer (Fe3O4).Fe3O4Layer as the uniform outer surface layer on powder particle generation by by vapor at about 550 DEG C
Temperature conditions under be introduced into batch-type furnace or through furnace, i.e. so-called " steam turns blue equipment (Dampfbl uen) ".
It suggested a kind of soft magnetic powder composite material in 102 25 154 A1 of DE, by least 99.4 mass percentages
The soft ferrite powder of the pure iron powder of ratio, phosphorous iron powder or ferroalloy powder and 0.05 to 0.6 mass percent
It constitutes and is suitable for using in the magnet valve being switched fast in motor car engine.The particulate composite is by by the powder
End compressed at an elevated pressure in a press, in atmosphere of inert gases or in oxygen-containing atmosphere degreasing and
Heat treatment under 410 DEG C to 500 DEG C of temperature conditions in oxidizing gas atmosphere manufactures.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to soft magnetic metal powder composite materials, and wherein the metal powder composite material is at least partially
The nitridation portion on surface, is also referred to as nitrided surface.In the literature, it is also mistakenly used instead of " nitridation (Nitridierung) "
Term " nitriding (Nitrierung) ", wherein " nitrogenizing " construction or the presence for being understood to nitride according to the present invention.The present invention
The nitrided surface of soft magnetic metal powder composite material may be constructed such that according to the present invention substantially by of the invention soft
Grain boundaries between the metal powder particle of magnetic metallic powder composite material or be made of soft magnetic composite material
The close articulamentum that nitride at the surface of component is constituted.
Have shown that: soft magnetic metal powder composite material of the invention has improved surface product due to nitridation
Matter.Advantageously, composite material of the invention especially can have improved hardness property, such as higher intensity, anti-folding
Disconnected property, improved frictional behavior and the corrosion resistance significantly improved.
Soft magnetic metal powder composite material of the invention is additionally due to its improved material property can be used in widely
In application range.
In a kind of scope of embodiment, soft magnetic metal powder composite material other than surfaces nitrided portion also at least
Partly there is depth nitridation portion (diffusion layer).Depth nitridation portion for example can by carbide by diffusion process deeper into
Enter to be formed and especially can advantageously further influence above-mentioned material property.In other words, metal powder composite wood
Material can be constituted by the way that surfaces nitrided iron powder is squeezed into soft magnetic composite material, and the nitride that wherein surface is constituted has
The resistance of raising.
In the scope of another embodiment, the metal powder in soft magnetic metal powder composite material is substantially by iron
Or ferroalloy is constituted.Therefore metal powder granulates are also referred to as ferrite based substances or pure ferrite based substances in the composite.Iron-based object
The particle of matter can be coated with high-resistance layer is mentioned.Metal powder granulates for example can be to be more than or equal to 50 μm to 350 μm
Size constructs.
In the scope of another embodiment of soft magnetic metal powder composite material, metal powder namely metal powder
Therefore particle can be coated with high-resistance layer is mentioned.The additional metal-powder coating present in the configuration is usually constructing
It is just applied or exists before the nitridation portion on surface.For example, advantageously compound as the present invention of original material in manufacture
Classics, commercially available soft magnetic metal powder composite materials (WMV), such as manufacturer H can be used when material
Soft magnetic metal powder composite material (such as the product manual according to H gan s AB2010 June (publication) of gan s AB
" Recommended Materials for Fast Switching Actuators and Pulse Transformers's "
1P Somaloy 500, or the product manual " Recommended according to H gan s AB2011 March (publication)
The 3P Somaloy 700 of Materials for Electrical Motors "), by the pure iron for having phosphate coating
Grain (metal powder) is constituted.It is described to mention high-resistance layer, also referred to as coating, such as can be made of phosphate or by its group
At.Especially, the original material of this Phosphate coating is commercially available.In addition, the coating can also be by one kind
Or a variety of nitride, the compound such as Si by being rich in silicon3N4Or be made of oxide, or be made from it, wherein described
It is not exhausted for enumerating.
In the scope of another embodiment, the nitridation portion on surface and/or the depth of soft magnetic metal powder composite material
Nitridation portion, which can be selected from, includes nitrided iron such as FeN, Fe2N、Fe3N、Fe4N、FeN、Fe2N1-x、Fe3N1+y、Fe4N1-z、Fe16N2Group
Or it is made of it.Enumerating for nitrided iron is not understood to nitridation that is exhausted and being especially not limited to stoichiometry herein
Compound.
Each metal powder particle in soft magnetic metal powder composite material of the invention, which usually can have, to be greater than
Equal to 50 μm to less than equal to 450 μm, be greater than granular size equal to 100 μm to less than equal to 350 μm.
About additional advantages and features, with regard to this referring specifically in conjunction with the method for the present invention, soft magnetic metal powder of the present invention
Elaboration that the present invention of powder composite material applies and referring to example and attached drawing and its description.
The present invention additionally relate to for manufacture soft magnetic metal powder composite material, especially such as front in various configuration and
The method of soft magnetic metal powder composite material described in embodiment, wherein this method especially includes the steps that following:
A) original metal mixture of powders is provided,
B) original metal mixture of powders is compressed under the pressure of raising,
C degreasing) is carried out to the original metal mixture of powders of compression,
D) in step B) or C) or E) in the metal powder mixture that obtains or metal powder composite material carry out hot place
Reason and
E) in step B) or C) or D) in the metal powder mixture that obtains or metal powder composite material aoxidize
And
F it) is nitrogenized in nitridation atmosphere or with nitridizing agent.
Step A), B) and C) correspond to common powder metallurgical technique step, such as example Werner Schatt,
The Pulvermetallurgie(Springer publishing house of Klaus-Peter Wieters and Bernd Kieback, Berlin
Heidelberg, 2007) described in, and it is according to the present invention and nitriding method --- such as the GN 2 for being used for metal
Change, plasma nitrided or salt-bath nitriding --- it combines.Nitridation --- also referred to as nitriding or nitrogen-hardening --- is by the surface of tempering
It is quenched and known.
In the treatment temperature about between 400 and 650 DEG C, metal powder or metal are diffused into this nitrogen-atoms
It is in particulate composite (such as iron) and in connection at nitride.The surface region of this nitridation then has with thin
The multilayered structure of layer and diffusion layer thicker, under it external, be only made of nitride.Nitridation causes surface special
The improvement of property especially leads to high wearability, low coefficient of friction, the vibration strength of raising, heat resistance and corrosion resistance.It is special
Not advantageously, the generation of corrosion protection may be implemented according to the present invention without changing dimensional stability (Ma
Haltigkeit).
Heat treatment in step D) for example can be in the temperature range more than or equal to 450 DEG C to less than equal to 650 DEG C
It executes.The heat treatment be also possible at a temperature or until less than or equal in 1250 DEG C of temperature range sintering or
Including the sintering.
Oxidation step E) it can be according to the present invention in air and/or vapor atmosphere and/or oxygen atmosphere for example big
It is executed in the temperature range equal to 250 DEG C to less than equal to 700 DEG C.Thus, it is possible to which it is compound advantageously to adjust soft magnetic powder
The characteristic of material, especially stability.Step F) can also be in the step E of this method) carry out before.
Step B can be for example used in the scope of configuration of the present invention in the nitridation in nitride atmosphere in step F))
In compressed hyle or compound substance, be for example also used in step C) in the compound substance that obtains carry out.Pressed
The nitridation of the original material of contracting cause improve surface hardness and due to only on a small quantity to the diffusion of material internal cause according to
The few semihard magnetisable material of volume share.The desired improved table of metal powder composite material is obtained thus in accordance with the present invention
Surface hardness, while soft magnetism characteristic is maintained or only slightly and is insignificantly deteriorated.
In replaceable configuration, in the methods of the invention, F is nitrogenized) utilize the also un-compressed original from step A)
Beginning metal powder mixture carries out.Here, it should be noted that while the grain boundaries in particle form nitride, the Nitride Phase
There is the hardness or brittleness that improve for pure ferrite based substances, but continue to guarantee the required compressibility of material.In addition,
It should be noted that the semihard magnetisable material for improving share will not be by this method and step for being also referred to as powder nitridation according to the present invention
In magnetic hystersis loss raising and be adversely affected at soft magnetic characteristic.
In a kind of scope of configuration of the method for manufacturing soft magnetic metal powder composite material, in step F)
Nitridation can be gas nitriding, plasma nitrided or salt-bath nitriding.In order to nitrogenize usually can be used it is vaporous, fluid or
Powdered nitridizing agent.Gas nitriding is for example in NH3/H2It is executed in atmosphere.In the case where salt-bath nitriding, it can be used for example
The salt bath nitrogenized, such as when necessary equipped with the cyanide melt of activator.Plasma nitrided/also referred to as ionic nitriding
It is controllable well and variable.Here, vacuumizing first and then with thin nitriding atmosphere (nitrogen or ammonia atmosphere)
Apply high voltage (several hundred volts) between the container and composite material of filling, so that nitrogen-atoms ionizes and is formed by Nitrogen ion
It is thrown on the material.
In the scope of another configuration of the method for the present invention, can be more than or equal to 300 DEG C to less than be equal to 1250 DEG C, it is outstanding
It is to be more than or equal to 350 DEG C to less than equal to executing nitridation in 700 DEG C, the temperature range for example to less than equal to 650 DEG C.
It, can be with for gas nitriding, plasma nitrided nitridation atmosphere in the scope of another configuration of the method for the present invention
It is made of ammonia or the admixture of gas comprising ammonia, hydrogen and/or nitrogen.Salt-bath nitriding by nitrogenous salt, for example by
Cyanide is realized.
In the scope of another configuration of the method for the present invention, nitridation atmosphere can be used in more than or equal to 0.1 and be less than or equal to
Nitridation characteristic KN between 20 is adjusted.Characteristic KN, also referred to as nitriding characteristic are nitrogenized, has been reproduced herein selected
It nitrogenizes in atmosphere, NH for example in a furnace3And H2Partial pressure relationship.KN is conditioned higher, is selecting mutually synthermal and work
The nitration case --- also referred to as articulamentum (VS) --- constructed in the case where the skill duration is general thicker.
However the thickness of the articulamentum generated according to the present invention also depends on technological temperature and process lasting time.In addition,
It can also facilitate different phase (Fe by changing nitridation characteristic KN in combination with the temperature of selection4N, Fe3N1+x, etc.)
Formation.
In the scope of another configuration of the method for the present invention, the oxidation in step E) is being more than or equal to using heat treatment
Under 200 DEG C to less than the temperature conditions equal to 700 DEG C, especially be more than or equal to 200 DEG C to less than be equal to 650 DEG C, it is for example small
It is carried out in oxidizing gas atmosphere under the temperature conditions equal to 400 DEG C, such as in air and/or vapor and/or oxygen
Lower progress.Oxidation E) can also be with step D) carry out simultaneously.
Furthermore subject of the present invention is the application of soft magnetic composite material of the invention in the magnet valve being switched fast.This hair
Furthermore bright soft magnetic composite material can be advantageously used for actuator or baffle, such as direct contact corrosion is situated between
Matter.Baffle for example can be stator or rotor in motor, the baffle be for example exposed to humid air, salt fog or
Other corrosive medias.
Other advantages of present subject matter and advantageous configuration are by example and attached drawing come illustration and description.It should infuse herein
Meaning: example and attached drawing only have descriptive characteristics and should not be assumed that the present invention is limited in any form.
Example 1
The manufacture of the soft magnetic composite material of nitridation
Use such as soft magnetic composite material --- the 3P Somaloy 700 that manufacturer is H gan s AB --- as
Hyle.Power of the test body for example in uni-axial press with 800MPa is extruded and steams in the case where 530 DEG C in water
It is heat-treated and aoxidizes under gas 30 minutes.Then, soft magnetic powder composite material is in the NH by 90%3With 10% N2The nitrogen of composition
Change and is nitrogenized in from 350 to 650 DEG C of temperature range in atmosphere in 400mbar.Here, being formed at surface by nitrogen
The layer that compound is constituted, this layer according to structural analysis have more than or equal to the part interstitial space around 1 μm of metal particle with
And it articulamentum greater than 2 μm and partly reaches soft magnetic powder composite material and (is made of soft magnetic powder composite material
Component).The articulamentum byWithMixture constitute.The formation of diffusion layer cannot be looked by boundary formation
It is bright or determining.
The soft magnetic powder composite material nitrogenized for further evaluation, by its with fluorescence insertion substance processing and by
Optical microphotograph is come compared with studying (Fig. 1 a) and coming with soft magnetic powder composite material (Fig. 1 b) that is similar, not nitrogenizing.Herein
Be transparent to show that out: in the soft magnetic powder composite material of nitridation of the invention, generated nitration case (articulamentum) is thick
And prevent fluorescence insertion substance enter in material structure.Articulamentum of the invention, and similar but do not nitrogenize
Find out that fluorescent material enters in structure under material context.
Example 2
The manufacture of the soft magnetic composite material of nitridation with diffusion layer (depth nitridation portion)
Use soft magnetic composite material (such as manufacturer is the Somaloy powder of H gan s AB) as hyle.
Somaloy powder is extruded in the case where 800MPa for example in uni-axial press and for example 400-630 DEG C the case where
Under be heat-treated under air or nitrogen atmosphere 30 minutes.Then, soft magnetic powder composite material is in the NH by 57%3With 43%
N212 are nitrogenized in 520 DEG C of temperature in 400mbar in the nitridation atmosphere of (KN with rated value 3.0 is adjusted) composition
Hour.Here, forming the layer being made of nitride at surface.According to structural analysis, substance of the invention has in metal powder
The interstitial space of thickness around last particle less than or equal to 1 μm and with a thickness of 760 μm to 1200 μm of diffusion layer.According to this hair
The substance of bright generation shows improved corrosion resistance relative to substance that is comparable but not nitrogenizing, improves about 25%
Anti- fractureing property.The determination of bending strength is in 4 bend tests with support distance (Auflagerabstand), 40mm of 20mm
Pedestal distance (Wiederlagerabstand) and the inspection speed of 0.5-2mm/min carry out so that in load beginning
It fractures in the 8-15 second afterwards (according to DIN 845) and coercive field strength rises about 10%(and existed according to DIN EN 10330
The coercivity of magnetic material is measured in open magnetic loop).
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 a shows optical microphotograph record/image of the soft magnetic powder composite material of nitridation, and the soft magnetic powder is compound
Material fluorescence is embedded in substance and processes,
Fig. 1 b shows the record/image for the soft magnetic powder composite material (non-present invention) not nitrogenized, the soft magnetism powder
It is processed that powder composite material fluorescence is embedded in substance.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 a shows the optical microphotograph record of the soft magnetic powder composite material of nitridation, the soft magnetic powder composite material root
It is manufactured according to example 1 and processed with fluorescence insertion substance.It shows, by nitridation, no fluorescent material can be entered
In the structure of soft magnetic powder composite material.In the nitrogen constructed according to the invention of the grain boundaries of metal powder particle (articulamentum)
Therefore compound layer is thick.It can demonstrably realize that improved corrosion resistance, the anti-of improvement fracture by this surface tempering
Raising (hardness raising) in terms of property and coercive field strength.
Fig. 1 a shows record/image of soft magnetic powder composite material, which is similar to example 1
Ground manufacture, however nitridation not of the invention.In Figure 1b with fluorescence insertion substance is processed, the powder that does not nitrogenize is compound
Material shows fluorescence area, the entrance which demonstrate fluorescent materials into material structure.
In short, providing soft magnetic powder composite material according to the present invention, there is the surface being obviously improved due to nitridation
Quality.Advantageously, composite material of the invention especially can have improved hardness property, such as intensity, the anti-folding of raising
Disconnected property and the corrosion resistance significantly improved.
Claims (13)
1. soft magnetic metal powder composite material, which is characterized in that the soft magnetic metal powder composite material at least partly has
There is the nitridation portion on surface and be at least partially depth nitridation portion, depth nitridation portion is diffusion layer, wherein the depth
Degree nitridation portion is located under the nitridation portion on surface and with 760 μm to 1200 μm of thickness.
2. soft magnetic metal powder composite material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the composite material
Metal powder is substantially made of iron or ferroalloy.
3. soft magnetic metal powder composite material according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that metal powder improves
The layer of resistance coats.
4. soft magnetic metal powder composite material according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that metal powder composite wood
The nitridation portion and/or depth nitridation portion on the surface of material include the nitrogen of the group selected from nitrided iron or are made of it.
5. the method for manufacturing soft magnetic metal powder composite material, it is characterised in that step:
A) original metal mixture of powders is provided,
B) original metal mixture of powders is compressed under the pressure of raising,
C degreasing) is carried out to the original metal mixture of powders of compression,
D) in step B) or C) or E) in the metal powder mixture that obtains or metal powder composite material be heat-treated,
And
E) in step B) or C) or D) in the metal powder mixture that obtains or metal powder composite material aoxidize, with
And
F it) is nitrogenized in nitridation atmosphere,
Wherein at least partly the nitridation portion of structured surface and at least partly construction depth nitridation portion, depth nitridation portion
It is diffusion layer and depth nitridation portion is located under the nitridation portion on surface, and wherein depth nitridation portion has 760 μ
M to 1200 μm of thickness.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the nitridation in step F is gas nitriding or plasma nitrogen
Change.
7. method according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that more than or equal to 300 DEG C to less than equal to 1250 DEG C
Nitridation is executed in temperature range.
8. method according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that more than or equal to 350 DEG C to less than equal to 700 DEG C
Nitridation is executed in temperature range.
9. method according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that nitridation atmosphere by ammonia or comprising ammonia and hydrogen and/
Or the admixture of gas composition of nitrogen.
10. method according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that nitridation atmosphere, which is used in, to be more than or equal to 0.1 and be less than etc.
Nitridation characteristic KN between 20 is adjusted.
11. method according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that the oxidation in step E) is being greater than using heat treatment
It is carried out in oxidizing gas atmosphere under temperature conditions equal to 200 DEG C to less than equal to 700 DEG C.
12. method according to claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that the soft magnetic metal powder composite material is basis
Soft magnetic metal powder composite material described in one of preceding claims 1 to 4.
13. the magnet valve for being used to be switched fast according to the soft magnetic composite material of one of the claims 1 to 4, actuator are led
The application of fluid.
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| DE102013215520.4 | 2013-08-07 | ||
| DE102013215520.4A DE102013215520A1 (en) | 2013-08-07 | 2013-08-07 | Soft magnetic metal powder composite material and method for producing such |
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| CN104347221A CN104347221A (en) | 2015-02-11 |
| CN104347221B true CN104347221B (en) | 2019-07-09 |
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| JP (1) | JP2015034343A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104347221B (en) |
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| DE102016200989A1 (en) | 2016-01-25 | 2017-07-27 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Transmission device and method for operating the same |
| WO2018193900A1 (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2018-10-25 | キヤノン株式会社 | Composite magnetic material, motor and method for producing composite magnetic material |
| CN112447352A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-03-05 | 安徽大学 | Metal soft magnetic composite material with low hysteresis loss |
| EP4054059A1 (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-09-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Magnetic sheet for laminated core, laminated core, electric machine and method for manufacturing magnetic sheet |
| CN113909482B (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-11-07 | 泉州市鑫航新材料科技有限公司 | Gas atomization preparation method of iron-silicon-chromium-gallium-indium-nitrogen alloy soft magnetic powder |
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| JP2003272910A (en) * | 2002-03-13 | 2003-09-26 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Magnetic material |
| DE10225154B4 (en) | 2002-06-06 | 2012-06-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Soft magnetic powder composite, process for its preparation and its use |
| JP4548035B2 (en) * | 2004-08-05 | 2010-09-22 | 株式会社デンソー | Method for producing soft magnetic material |
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| US5643370A (en) * | 1995-05-16 | 1997-07-01 | Armco Inc. | Grain oriented electrical steel having high volume resistivity and method for producing same |
| CN1612943A (en) * | 2002-01-08 | 2005-05-04 | 新日本制铁株式会社 | Method for producing grain-oriented silicon steel plate with mirror surface |
| CN101578669A (en) * | 2007-09-11 | 2009-11-11 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Soft magnetic material, powder magnetic core, process for producing soft magnetic material, and process for producing powder magnetic core |
| CN102474011A (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2012-05-23 | 株式会社东芝 | Coil antenna and electronic device using same |
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| JP2015034343A (en) | 2015-02-19 |
| DE102013215520A1 (en) | 2015-02-12 |
| CN104347221A (en) | 2015-02-11 |
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