CN104284800A - 车辆座椅 - Google Patents

车辆座椅 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104284800A
CN104284800A CN201380023753.8A CN201380023753A CN104284800A CN 104284800 A CN104284800 A CN 104284800A CN 201380023753 A CN201380023753 A CN 201380023753A CN 104284800 A CN104284800 A CN 104284800A
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Prior art keywords
seat
backrest
seat portion
breech lock
form fit
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J·林嫩布林克
I·金克
K·塞博尔德
A·I·巴林
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Johnson Controls Technology Co
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Johnson Controls Technology Co
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Abstract

本发明涉及具有靠背(3)的车辆座椅(1)，所述靠背(3)设置成可围绕枢转轴线在椅座部分上枢转。

Description

车辆座椅
要求的优先权
本申请要求于2012年5月7日提交的序列号为61/643587的美国申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引入并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有靠背的车辆座椅，所述靠背设置成可围绕枢转轴线在椅座部分上枢转。
背景技术
在汽车工程技术中，对于能够更容易地和/或更具成本效益地制备车辆座椅和/或提供具有改进的安全性能的一种车辆座椅存在持续的需求。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的在于提供满足上述要求的车辆座椅或车辆座椅的单独部件。
该目的通过具有靠背的车辆座椅来实现，所述靠背设置成可围绕枢转轴线在椅座部分上枢转，其中具有H点的乘员就座于车辆座椅上以及其中所述靠背的枢转轴线设置成低于H点。
针对本发明该主题进行的公开同等程度地适用于本发明的其它主题，反之亦然。
本发明的主题涉及具有靠背的车辆座椅，所述靠背以可枢转的方式布置于椅座部分上。座椅乘员就座于根据本发明的车辆座椅上，所述车辆乘员具有称为对应于乘员髋关节的位置的H点。根据本发明，现在设置成使得靠背的枢转点布置于座椅乘员H点的下方。其结果是，实现显著地改进人体工程学座椅表面和/或在发生事故的情况下改进根据本发明车辆座椅的安全性能。
优选地，所述靠背的枢转轴线相对于车辆前行方向布置于乘员H点的后面，更优选地，所述枢转轴线设置于H点和车辆座椅的靠背之间。
然而，本发明的另一或优选主题是一种车辆座椅，其中靠背可通过锁定元件以相对于椅座部分成特定倾斜角度的方式锁定，其中所述锁定元件至少部分地设置于椅座部分和/或靠背的侧部的周边区域内。
针对本发明该主题进行的公开同等程度地适用于本发明的其它主题，反之亦然。
优选地，具体是齿部的形状配合和/或压入配合装置一体地设置于椅座部分的侧部和/或靠背侧部的周边区域内。这种形状配合和/或压入配合装置优选是称为倾斜度调节装置的一部分，靠背的倾斜度通过其可固定在特定位置下和/或车辆座椅靠背的倾斜度可通过其进行调节。优选地，所述形状配合和/或压入配合装置以圆的一部分、即圆弧段的方式设置，其中圆心优选与车辆座椅靠背的枢转点一致。椅座部分的侧部可由金属制成，并且例如可以被冲压出，其中在冲压过程中形成所述形状配合和/或压入配合装置。然而，侧部也可以是塑料部分，具体是纤维增强的塑料部分。所述形状配合和/或压入配合装置则优选是模具的一部分。
因此，本发明的另一或优选主题是一种车辆座椅，其中靠背的侧部和/或所述椅座部分的侧部一体地具有具体是齿部的形状配合和/或压入配合装置。
针对本发明该主题进行的公开同等程度地适用于本发明的其它主题，反之亦然。
优选地，所述形状配合和/或压入配合装置以弹性的方式提供。其结果是，至少可降低所产生的噪音，且确保所述形状配合和/或压入配合装置例如以锁定的方式与相应的形状配合和/或压入配合装置相互作用。
优选地，所述形状配合和/或压入配合装置是倾斜度调节装置的一部分。特别优选地，所述形状配合和/或压入配合装置以圆的一部分的方式设置。
根据本发明的另一主题或本发明的优选主题是一种车辆座椅，其中靠背的侧部和/或所述椅座部分的侧部一体地具有弹簧装置。
针对本发明该主题进行的公开同等程度地适用于本发明的其它主题，反之亦然。
弹簧装置可为靠背倾斜度调节装置的一部分，以便将一个形状配合和/或压入配合装置偏置成抵靠相应的形状配合和/或压入配合装置。备选地或另外地，该弹簧装置可为高度调节器的一部分，例如以便将乘员的椅座表面重新设置到上升或下降的位置下。在当前情况下，侧部也可由金属材料或者由塑料材料制成，特别是由纤维增强塑料材料制成。
备选地或另外地，弹簧装置可以是在椅座部分处用于靠背的支承件。
弹簧可布置于椅座部分和靠背之间。
根据本发明的另一或优选主题，车辆座椅靠背的倾斜度可相对于椅座部分进行调节，以及所述靠背可通过闩锁爪锁定在其相应的位置下，其中锁定元件将闩锁爪固定在锁定位置下以及锁定元件将闩锁爪拉动到锁定位置内。
针对本发明该主题进行的公开同等程度地适用于本发明的其它主题，反之亦然。
优选地，所述椅座部分的侧部一体地具有特别是齿部的形状配合和/或压入配合装置，其以闩锁的方式与闩锁爪的具体是齿部的形状配合和/或压入配合装置相互作用。
此外，根据本发明的另一主题或本发明的优选主题是一种车辆座椅，其中靠背的倾斜度可相对于椅座部分进行调节，以及所述靠背可通过闩锁爪锁定在其相应的位置下且其具有设置于椅座部分和靠背之间的弹簧装置，其中所述弹簧装置是螺旋弹簧，其以与所述靠背的枢转轴线非同心的方式布置。
针对本发明该主题进行的公开同等程度地适用于本发明的其它主题，反之亦然。
在以下的文本中基于附图1-8对本发明进行解释说明。这些解释说明仅仅是通过实例的方式而并不限制本发明的一般性概念。该解释说明同样适用于本发明的所有主题。
附图说明
在附图中：
图1示意性地示出车辆座椅的透视图；
图2示意性地示出靠背的枢转轴线相对于座椅乘员H点的位置；
图3-5示意性地示出作为椅座部分侧部的一部分的形状配合和/或压入配合装置。
图6和图7示意性地示出倾斜度调节装置。
图8示意性地示出在椅座部分和靠背之间的弹簧元件。
具体实施方式
图1示意性地示出车辆座椅1的透视图。车辆座椅1是传统的车辆座椅并至少包括椅座部分2和靠背3。此外，车辆座椅1具有传统的纵向调节装置4；车辆座椅1通过所述纵向调节装置4优选地联接到车辆的车身结构(未示出)上。
椅座部分2和靠背3通过倾斜度调节装置5以可枢转的方式联接，其中车辆用户可例如通过调节杆6或类似物致动倾斜度调节装置5。通过调节杆6，倾斜度调节装置5可被致动，使得可以设定车辆座椅1的靠背倾斜度。本领域内的技术人员将会理解的是，靠背的调节也可以机动方式进行。此外，倾斜度调节装置可以连续或不连续地操作。
图2示出根据本发明车辆座椅的第一实施例，在当前情况下其具有椅座部分2和围绕枢转轴线28以可枢转的方式安装在所述椅座部分上的靠背3。乘员就座于根据本发明的车辆座椅上，该乘员的髋关节位于称为H点的位置处。根据本发明，靠背的枢轴轴线此时设置于该H点的下方，并且在当前的情况下在H点下方的100.6毫米处。优选地，所述枢轴轴线28相对于车辆前行方向位于H点的后面，在当前情况下在H点后面的77.6毫米处。由于所述枢转轴线28相对于座椅乘员H点的这种布置，根据本发明的车辆座椅比根据现有技术的车辆座椅更符合人体工程学。此外，降低受到损伤的危险性，特别是在发生后部碰撞的情况下，因为例如在发生后部碰撞的情况下座椅乘员的骨盆更深入地下沉到椅座内，和/或靠背3的变形更小。备选地或另外地，靠背的枢转轴线28和靠背倾斜调节装置的锁定件之间的距离尽可能地大。优选地，该距离为至少50毫米，优选至少60毫米，特别优选至少80毫米，以及非常特别优选为至少90毫米。优选地，该距离是至多180毫米，优选至多160毫米。
图3示出根据本发明车辆座椅的另一实施例。在当前情况下，在椅座部分2结构的侧部12的周边区域30内优选一体地设置齿部16，所述齿部6是倾斜度调节装置的一部分，靠背3的倾斜度通过其进行调节。此外，可以看出，在当前情况下，靠背的锁定元件9布置成尽可能地远离靠背3的枢轴点28。其结果是，减少由倾斜度调节装置所吸收的力。在图3的左侧部分中，示出靠背处于易于进入的位置下。图3的中间部分示出靠背处于其使用位置下，以及在右侧部分中示出靠背倾斜至后方的位置。靠背可通过锁定件9以可释放的方式相对于椅座部分锁定在任何所需的位置下。在当前情况下，齿部设置成圆弧段，其中圆心与所述枢转点28一致。在此，齿部16和侧板12设计成连接到一起的两个部分。然而，还可以将齿部16和侧板12设计成一个单体件。锁定元件连接到车辆座椅的靠背以及连同靠背3一起围绕枢转点28枢转。
图4示出其中靠背3通过弹簧装置31安装到椅座部分的实施例。在当前的情况下，弹簧装置31和椅座部分2的侧板12制成一个单体件，例如由金属或塑料、特别是由纤维增强塑料制成。可如下实现靠背3装配到椅座部分2上：在该装配之前，将靠背调节到易于进入的位置下，然后固定到弹簧元件31，所述弹簧元件31在该位置下至少基本上没有张力。然后使得靠背3枢转，在此是围绕枢转轴线28在顺时针方向上枢转，以及弹簧元件31同时被张紧。同时或事先地，在当前情况下以弹性的方式设置且优选地与椅座部分2的侧部12一体地设置的齿部22在此通过逆时针方向上的运动张紧，且在该过程中布置在弹簧元件31的端部处的锁定元件9推动到齿部22上。由于齿部22的弹性作用，后者始终压靠锁定元件9，因此至少降低噪音发展。优选同样地与椅座部分的侧部一体地设置的张紧的弹簧元件31由于其在拉紧过程中的能量存储而支持靠背从其易于进入的位置移动到其使用位置内。为了将靠背调节到一个新的位置下，锁定元件9被释放，例如通过旋转锁定元件9被释放，这在图4的右下侧部分内示出。
图5示出根据图4的根据本发明的车辆座椅的替代性实施例。在当前情况下，椅座部分2的侧部12具有凸轮32，其将齿部22压靠锁定元件9。为了释放锁定，凸轮32在逆时针方向上旋转，其结果是，同样以弹性方式设置于椅座部分侧部上的齿部22同样在逆时针方向上移动，其结果是从锁定装置9脱离接合，因此可相对于椅座部分2调节靠背3。在当前情况下，齿部远离所述锁定装置9张紧。
图6和图7示出根据本发明的车辆座椅的倾斜度调节装置的另一实施例。在当前的情况下，同样设置齿部16，其优选与椅座部分2的侧部一体地设置。为了将靠背相对于所述椅座部分锁定，设置闩锁爪34，其在内侧上具有对应于齿部16的齿部。为了防止闩锁爪34从齿部16脱离，倾斜度调节装置具有锁定元件9，其在齿部16的方向上拉动闩锁爪34且以可枢转的方式布置于椅座部分的侧部上。在锁定状态下，闩锁爪34抵靠齿板16的内部施载。这形成部件16，34，9的受限环路。这消除了所有的松动/间隙，并形成了结构良好的***。提供无弯曲力矩的张紧和压缩的平衡***。锁定元件9由驱动装置33驱动。在图6中，示出倾斜度调节装置处于在其锁定状态下。优选地，闩锁爪在其背面侧34.1即与带齿侧相对一侧处包括具有凸轮34.2的弯曲表面，其优选设置成与闩锁爪的旋转轴线相对。接触元件9.1(例如旋转的接触元件)沿闩锁爪34的背面侧34.1移动。只要该接触元件一触及凸轮，闩锁爪就被推向齿部16。为了能够相对于椅座部分调节靠背的倾斜度，该锁定元件9应该被释放，如图7中所示那样。为了该目的，该锁定元件9以由可旋转设置的驱动元件33驱动的方式在逆时针方向上旋转，且在该过程中沿着闩锁爪34的外部轮廓运行，在该过程中同样地在逆时针方向上使得后者旋转远离齿部16。在该移动过程中，接触元件触及打开装置34.2，在此是鼻部，从而打开闩锁爪34。因此，释放侧部部分2和靠背3之间的锁定，而后者的倾斜度可被移动到新的所需位置下，然后在该所需位置下再次锁定，其中锁定元件9在顺时针方向上旋转，其结果是将闩锁爪34拉动到齿板16内。
图8示出根据本发明车辆座椅的另一实施例。该座椅同样具有椅座部分和靠背，所述靠背3以可枢转的方式设置于椅座部分上。弹簧元件31布置于所述椅座部分和靠背之间，在当前情况下是螺旋弹簧。根据本发明，该螺旋弹簧的中心点35未与靠背的枢转轴线28同心地布置。这具体导致节省空间。
附图标记清单
1 车辆座椅
2 椅座部分
3 靠背
4 纵向调节装置
5 倾斜度调节装置
6 调节杆
9 锁定元件
9.1 接触元件，轮
12 侧部
16 齿部
22 形状配合和/或压入配合装置，齿部
27 纵向调节轨道
28 枢转轴线
29 H点，髋关节
30 椅座部分或靠背的侧部的周边区域
31 弹簧装置
32 致动装置，致动凸轮
33 驱动装置
34 闩锁爪
34.1 爪的背面侧
34.2 凸轮
34.3 打开装置
35 弹簧装置的中心点
125 锁定销

Claims (10)

1.一种具有靠背(3)的车辆座椅(1)，所述靠背(3)设置成可围绕枢转轴线(28)在椅座部分(2)上枢转，其中具有H点(29)的乘员就座于所述车辆座椅上，其特征在于所述枢转轴线设置成低于所述H点(29)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，所述枢转轴线(28)布置于所述H点(29)的后面。
3.具体根据前述权利要求之一所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，所述靠背(3)可通过锁定元件(9)以相对于所述椅座部分(2)以特定倾斜角度锁定，其中所述锁定元件(9)至少部分地设置于所述椅座部分(2)和/或靠背(3)的所述侧部(12)的周边区域(30)内。
4.具体根据前述权利要求之一所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，所述椅座部分(2)和/或靠背(3)的所述侧部(12)一体地具有具体是齿部的形状配合和/或压入配合装置(16)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的车辆座椅，其特征在于，所述形状配合和/或压入配合装置(16)以弹性的方式设置。
6.根据前述权利要求之一所述的车辆座椅，其特征在于，所述形状配合和/或压入配合装置(16)以圆的一部分的方式或非圆的一部分的方式设置。
7.具体根据前述权利要求之一所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，所述靠背和/或椅座部分的所述侧部(12)一体地具有弹簧装置(30)，其中所述弹簧装置(30)优选为接头，具体优选是适于所述靠背(3)的枢转点，和/或能量储存装置。
8.具体根据前述权利要求之一所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，所述靠背(3)的倾斜度可相对于椅座部分(2)进行调节，以及所述靠背(3)可通过闩锁爪(34)锁定在其相应的位置下，并且所述锁定元件(9)将所述闩锁爪固定在其锁定位置下，其中所述锁定元件(9)将闩锁爪(34)拉动到锁定位置内。
9.根据权利要求8所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，所述椅座部分的所述侧部一体地具有具体是齿部(16)的形状配合和/或压入配合装置(16)，其以闩锁的方式与所述闩锁爪的具体是齿部(16)的形状配合和/或压入配合装置(16)相互作用。
10.具体根据前述权利要求之一所述的车辆座椅(1)，其特征在于，所述靠背(3)的倾斜度可相对于椅座部分(2)进行调节，以及所述靠背可通过闩锁爪(34)锁定在其相应的位置下且其具有设置于所述椅座部分和所述靠背之间的弹簧装置(31)，其中所述弹簧装置(31)是螺旋弹簧，其以与所述靠背的枢转轴线(28)非同心的方式布置。
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