CN104260308A - 塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法 - Google Patents

塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法 Download PDF

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CN104260308A
CN104260308A CN201410437448.XA CN201410437448A CN104260308A CN 104260308 A CN104260308 A CN 104260308A CN 201410437448 A CN201410437448 A CN 201410437448A CN 104260308 A CN104260308 A CN 104260308A
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joint strip
sealing joint
profile
plastic
plastic profile
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姜虹
王利涛
刘振强
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LIAONING CHENGWEI PLASTIC PROFILE Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法，包括塑料异型材挤出成型，共挤复合和冷却定型步骤，塑料异型材挤出成型后首先风冷冷却，然后经热风装置加热后进入共挤模具与密封胶条共挤复合，最后穿水冷却共挤所得复合型材；本发明的共挤模具由前后两块组成，模具内的液体流道为渐变增压式流道。本发明塑料异型材挤出后经风冷定型、热风预热后进入共挤模具，可大幅降低异型材变形并保证粘合强度；本发明的共挤模具由前后两块组成，且流道内部采用渐变增压流道，可以确保胶条粘结位置的准确性，并可增强胶条与型材的粘合强度；本发明采用穿水的方式冷却，可快速均匀冷却异型材。

Description

塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法
技术领域
本发明属于塑料加工领域，涉及共挤成型方法，特别涉及一种塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法。
背景技术
塑料门窗具有耐腐蚀、寿命长、外形美观，色彩丰富等优点，目前已经获得广泛的运用。受材质及成型技术的限制，单独的塑料门窗型材密封性能较差，不能满足使用要求，为增强其密封性能，一般通过在门窗上复合密封条的方式增强其密封性能。
目前，普遍采用后穿加工方法复合密封软胶条复合和塑料型材，虽然部分大型塑料型材生产企业也采用共挤成型的方法复合塑料门窗和密封胶条，但是共挤复合的方法在技术上还不成熟，生产出的产品整体质量较低，易出现胶条粘贴不牢，型材变形以及胶条错位等问题；这种现象对于结构复杂的异形件塑料型材尤为突出。
因此，有必要开发一种一体化共挤成型塑料异型材及密封胶条的方法。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种一体化共挤成型塑料异型材及密封胶条的新方法。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法，包括塑料异型材挤出成型，共挤复合和冷却定型步骤，塑料异型材挤出成型后首先风冷冷却，然后经加热后进入共挤模具与密封胶条共挤复合，最后穿水冷却共挤复合型材。
作为本发明塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法的优选，采用单螺杆挤出机挤出密封胶条，挤出时主机转速为56～60r/min，挤出过程沿着物料走向分五段加热，依此为挤出机机筒一、二、三段，机头模具一、二段，各段加热温度分别为148～152℃，146～150℃，146～149℃，144～147℃，138～141℃。
作为本发明塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法的优选，采用设置在共挤模具前端的热风装置对进入共挤模具的塑料异型材进行加热，加热时热风温度为260～300℃，风压为0.2～0.4Mpa。
作为本发明塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法的优选，所述共挤模具由前后两块组成，模具内的液体流道为渐变增压式流道。
作为本发明塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法的进一步优选，还包括牵引矫直和切割步骤，牵引时牵引速度为2.3～2.4m/min
作为本发明塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法的进一步优选，所述塑料异型材和密封叫天均为PVC，其中：
所述塑料异型材和密封胶条均为PVC，其中：塑料异型材成组分及其质量分为：PVC：265份；CPE：26.5份；钛白粉：17份；碳酸钙：26.5份；Tcc：79.5份；稳定：13份；加工助剂：7份；所述密封胶条及其质量分为PVC：50～55份；碳酸钙：80～90份；稳定剂：1份；丁晴橡胶粉：2～5份；颜料：1～3份；加工助剂：0.1～0.3份。
本发明的有益效果在于：
本发明塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法，塑料异型材挤出后用风冷方式冷却定型，避免直接共挤成型造成塑料异型材严重变形；本发明冷却定型的塑料型材进入共挤模具前先用260～300℃的热风预热，使得型材表面软化，保证与胶条的粘结可靠度；本发明的共挤模具由前后两块组成，且流道内部采用渐变增压流道，可以确保胶条粘结位置的准确性，避免出现错位，并可以保证胶条与塑料型材的粘合强度；本发明共挤后的型材采用穿水的方式冷却，异型材快速均匀冷却。
附图说明
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果更加清楚，本发明提供如下附图进行说明：
图1为本发明胶条挤出装置结构示意图；
图2为本发明所共挤成型模具结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本发明的优选实施例进行详细的描述。
图1为本发明胶条挤出装置结构示意图，其中6为电机，7为加料桶，8为机筒加热一区，9为机筒加热二区，10为机筒加热三区，11为机头加热一区，12为机头加热二区，13为共挤模具；
图2为本发明共挤模具13的结构图，图中1为胶液注入孔，2为液体流道(该液体流道截面逐渐缩小，压力逐渐增加)，3为胶条成型型腔，4为塑料异型材型腔，5为胶条出口；本发明的共挤模具由前后a、b两块组成(分别如图2a、b所示)，使用时将a、b两块沿着塑料异型材移动方向组装后即可使用。
实施例1：
本实施例塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法，包括以下步骤：
a、挤出成型制造塑料异型材，本实施例塑料异型材材料及配比如下：PVC：265；CPE：26.5；钛白粉：17；碳酸钙：26.5；Tcc：79.5；稳定：13；加工助剂：7
b、风冷冷却步骤a所得塑料异型材；
c、塑料异型材挤与胶条共挤成型：
首先用设置在挤压模具前端的热风装置对步骤b冷却所得异型材进行加热，待加热后的塑料异型材进入共挤模具13时，启动胶条挤出装置，胶料由加料桶7进入胶条挤出装置后依此经过机筒加热一区8，机筒加热二区9，机筒加热三区10，机头加热一区11，机头加热二区12后由胶液注入孔1进入加料模具13；而后经液体流道2增压后进入胶条成型型腔3初步成型，最后经过胶条出口5与位于塑料异型材型腔4内的塑料异型材共挤成型；
本步骤中：胶条挤出装置为单螺杆挤出机，挤出时主机转速为56～60r/min，挤出过程中筒加热一区8、机筒加热二区9、机筒加热三区10、机头加热一区11、机头加热二区12的温度分别为148～152℃、146～150℃、146～149℃、144～147℃、138～141℃；
本步骤中：密封胶条成份及质量百分比为：请补充；
本步骤中：加热异型材时热风温度为260～300℃，风压为0.2～0.4Mpa；
d、穿水冷却步骤c共挤复合所得型材；
e、牵引矫直步骤d冷却所得复合型材，控制牵引机牵引速度为2.3～2.4m/min；
f、根据需要切割步骤e所得复合型材得产品。
本发明塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法，塑料异型材挤出后用风冷方式冷却定型，避免直接共挤成型造成塑料异型材严重变形；本发明冷却定型的塑料型材进入共挤模具前先用260～300℃的热风预热，使得型材表面软化，保证与胶条的粘结可靠度；本发明的共挤模具由前后两块组成，且流道内部采用渐变增压流道，可以确保胶条粘结位置的准确性，避免出现错位，并可以保证胶条与塑料型材的粘合强度；本发明共挤后的型材采用穿水的方式冷却，异型材快速均匀冷却。
最后说明的是，以上优选实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管通过上述优选实施例已经对本发明进行了详细的描述，但本领域技术人员应当理解，可以在形式上和细节上对其作出各种各样的改变，而不偏离本发明权利要求书所限定的范围。

Claims (6)

1.塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法，包括塑料异型材挤出成型，共挤复合和冷却定型步骤，其特征在于：塑料异型材挤出成型后首先风冷冷却，然后经加热后进入共挤模具与密封胶条共挤复合，最后穿水冷却共挤复合型材。 
2.根据权利要求1所述塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法，其特征在于：采用单螺杆挤出机挤出密封胶条，挤出时主机转速为56～60r/min，挤出过程沿着物料走向分五段加热，依此为挤出机机筒一、二、三段，机头模具一、二段，各段加热温度分别为148～152℃，146～150℃，146～149℃，144～147℃，138～141℃。 
3.根据权利要求1所述塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法，其特征在于：采用设置在共挤模具前端的热风装置对进入共挤模具的塑料异型材进行加热，加热时热风温度为260～300℃，风压为0.2～0.4Mpa。 
4.根据权利要求1所述塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法，其特征在于：所述共挤模具由前后两块组成，模具内的液体流道为渐变增压式流道。 
5.根据权利要求1所述塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法，其特征在于：还包括牵引矫直和切割步骤，牵引矫直步骤牵引速度为2.3～2.4m/min。 
6.根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述塑料异型材及密封胶条的共挤成型方法，其特征在于：所述塑料异型材和密封胶条均为PVC，其中：塑料异型材成组分及其质量分为：PVC：265份；CPE：26.5份；钛白粉：17份；碳酸钙：26.5份；Tcc：79.5份；稳定：13份；加工助剂：7份；所述密封胶条及其质量分为PVC：50～55份；碳酸钙：80～90份；稳定剂：1份；丁晴橡胶粉：2～5份；颜料：1～3份；加工助剂：0.1～0.3份。 
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