CN104252035A

CN104252035A - Astronomical observer

Info

Publication number: CN104252035A
Application number: CN201410215112.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林聪益
Original assignee: Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2013-06-27
Filing date: 2014-05-21
Publication date: 2014-12-31
Anticipated expiration: 2034-05-21
Also published as: CN104252035B

Abstract

The invention provides an astronomical observer. An astronomical observer comprises a base, a six-in-one instrument, an adjusting mechanism, a three-in-one instrument and a four-in-one instrument. The six-in-one instrument comprises a horizontal ring, a meridian ring set and a daily ring. The adjustment mechanism includes two adjustment units arranged along an axis and disposed at opposite ends of the meridional ring set. The three-hour instrument can rotate around an axis and can be installed in the six-in-one instrument by adjusting the pitch angle of the axis through an adjusting mechanism. The four-swimming instrument is installed in the three-hour instrument and comprises a four-swimming ring group and a telescope for observing and tracking celestial bodies. The invention can adjust the pitching angle of the axes around which the three-hour meter and the four-minute meter are wound through the adjusting unit, thereby increasing the application area of the invention.

Description

Astronomical sight device

Technical field

The invention relates to a kind of observation instrument, especially in regard to a kind of astronomical sight device.

Background technology

Since ancient times, people always have many imaginations to outer space, and think that the operation of celestial body will affect individual even the luck tendency trend of country, and therefore uranology, astrometry are all an important knowledge all the time.But, the basic homework of astronomical research, astrometry is just long-time observation, follows the trail of the celestial body position of every day, afterwards could by relation between the position of heavenly body observing, follow the trail of and measure and time, solar term carry out recording and analyze, conclude the change of chronometer phenomenon throughout the year whereby.

In the observation of reality, usually by the astronomical observation instrument of the coordinate system of a signable celestial sphere, with the coordinate at the viewed celestial body place of auxiliary user, and then conveniently can record and analyze.But because the pole axis of celestial sphere approximately points to Polaris and the axis of rotation of the parallel earth, therefore the pole axis of its celestial sphere used of different latitude region is different from the angle of ground level.For example, region (i.e. 0 °, latitude) pole axis of celestial sphere of using and the angle of ground level are 0 ° under the line, the pole axis of celestial sphere used in north latitude 30 ° of regions and the angle of ground level are 30 °, and the pole axis of celestial sphere used in north latitude 90 ° of regions and the angle of ground level are 90 °.

It can thus be appreciated that, because the pole axis of celestial sphere can change because latitude is different, so the coordinate system of its celestial sphere of astronomical observation instrument that uses of different latitude each other cannot be general, therefore, narrow and the inconvenient use of the suitable application region being generally used for astronomical observation instrument is a problem needing solution badly.

Summary of the invention

Because above-mentioned problem, the astronomical sight device of object of the present invention for providing a kind of suitable application region wide and easy to use.

In order to achieve the above object, a pedestal, a component of the six cardinal points, adjusting mechanism, a component of the three arrangers of time and a sighting-tube ring is comprised according to a kind of astronomical sight device of the present invention.Wherein, component of the six cardinal points is fixed on pedestal, and is used to indicate altitude and orientation, and component of the six cardinal points comprises Horizon ring, the meridian circle group be vertically arranged on Horizon ring of a level, meridian circle group has the meridian circle at two intervals, and an adjustment passage between described meridian circle.Adjusting mechanism comprises two along an axis arrangement and is separately positioned on the end opposite of meridian circle group and can be used to adjust the adjustment unit with the luffing angle of orientation axis, each adjustment unit has the keeper, first tumbler can installed rotatably about the axis on the positioning element that are movably located in adjustment passage, and second tumbler that can be arranged on rotatably about the axis on the first tumbler.Component of the three arrangers of time can be rotated about axis, and by adjusting mechanism adjustable axis luffing angle be arranged on component of the six cardinal points, and be used to indicate the coordinate system of celestial sphere.And sighting-tube ring is arranged in component of the three arrangers of time, and comprise an end opposite and to be arranged on respectively on described first tumbler and the four lantern groups that can be rotated about axis, and one to be pivotally arranged on four lantern group switching centres and dioptra in hollow tubular, dioptra is used for observing, following the trail of celestial body, and dioptra can be a telescopical form.

In one embodiment, each adjustment unit also has one and installs on the positioning element and the location valve jacket of respectively meridian circle described in clip.

In one embodiment, each adjustment unit also has two and is separately positioned on the first joint portion on described meridian circle and two and is separately positioned on the opposition side of keeper and the second joint portion be combined with described first joint portion movably respectively.

In one embodiment, component of the three arrangers of time can be one day spheroid, an ecliptic instrument, or an equatorial telescope.

In one embodiment, component of the three arrangers of time comprises an end opposite and to be arranged on respectively on described second tumbler and the three occasion ring groups that can be rotated about axis, the equator ring that is arranged on three occasion ring groups a vertical axis, and one is vertically arranged on three occasion ring groups and the ecliptic ring group of parallel ecliptic.

In one embodiment; component of the six cardinal points also comprises a sky Chang Huan, and sky Chang Huan is the outer rim being installed on equator ring, and is positioned at vertical axis in same plane with equator ring; it Chang Huan is the adjustment doing luffing angle with equator ring by adjusting mechanism, and equator ring often can rotate around axis relative to sky.

In one embodiment, sky Chang Huan has two and lays respectively at opposition side and the lug portions be movably located in adjustment passage and first concave surface caved inward, and equator ring have one can be mutually corresponding with first concave surface of sky Chang Huan the second concave surface.

In one embodiment, component of the three arrangers of time also comprises one between equator ring and sky Chang Huan and the slip subring be posted by between the first concave surface and the second concave surface.

In one embodiment, also comprise a Gui unit, it comprises one and is flatly combined the vertical Gui that the Gui chi installed and are erectly installed on one end in contrast to pedestal of Gui chi with pedestal.

In one embodiment, pedestal comprises a compartment of terrain below component of the six cardinal points and with Gui chi, is combined the pedestal and first support body be installed between pedestal and meridian circle group installed, and the first support body has two respectively for the erection of described meridian circle and the support portion be spaced and between described support portion and the clearance space located on a straight line with Gui chi.

In one embodiment, Gui chi has one and is arranged on pedestal and the extension chi portion extended in the clearance space of the first support body.

In one embodiment, complete machine structure also to comprise on a keeper being arranged on one of them adjustment unit and the first actuator that the second tumbler is rotated about axis, and the first actuator is the form of motor.

As mentioned above, because of according in astronomical sight device of the present invention, observe through the dioptra that can rotate from all directions, follow the trail of celestial body, coordinate sighting-tube ring, component of the three arrangers of time and component of the six cardinal points to can be used for indicating the coordinate of the different coordinate system at celestial body place simultaneously, and celestial body and solar term, the time, relation between constellation, so really astronomical sight can be effective to, and such as astronomical teaching can be suitable for.The more important thing is, the present invention can pass through adjustment unit adjustment component of the three arrangers of time and sighting-tube ring around the luffing angle of axis, pole axis is corrected to coordinate the latitude at place, also can synchronously adjust in response to latitude, the design of these innovation structures makes suitable application region of the present invention not limit by latitude, and then significantly increase the scope of application of the present invention, its city's field energy contains the whole world, and aforementioned structure design operation accurately can adjust simply again, accurately locates, quite easy to use, so really object of the present invention can be reached.In addition, in one embodiment, the support portion of dioptra, pedestal and the setting of Gui unit, sun throw light when can pass through high noon and Measuring Time, solar term and/or tropic year length, and the sunlight at high noon can be radiated in the extension chi portion of Gui chi through the first support body, avoid the sunlight crested at high noon, to be applicable to low latitudes.In addition, Gui unit can the north-south orientation design of exchanging, and can be applicable to the Southern Hemisphere and the Northern Hemisphere, the design that thirty years of age Gui is stood simultaneously, mainly under the length not changing Gui chi, also be applicable to the area of high latitude.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the solid combination schematic diagram of a kind of astronomical sight device of present pre-ferred embodiments.

Fig. 2 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, the perspective exploded view of pedestal and component of the six cardinal points.

Fig. 3 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, and the solid of adjusting mechanism and component of the three arrangers of time, sighting-tube ring and component of the six cardinal points combines schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, and the sky Chang Huanyu meridian circle group of component of the six cardinal points is relative to the sectional perspective schematic diagram of the equator ring of component of the three arrangers of time.

Fig. 5 A is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, the relative schematic side view of adjusting mechanism and component of the three arrangers of time, sighting-tube ring and component of the six cardinal points.

Fig. 5 B is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, the close-up schematic view of adjusting mechanism and component of the three arrangers of time, sighting-tube ring and component of the six cardinal points.

Fig. 5 C is that another implements the adjusting mechanism of aspect and the cross-sectional schematic of component of the three arrangers of time, sighting-tube ring and component of the six cardinal points.

Fig. 5 D is that another implements the adjustment unit cross-sectional schematic of the opposite side of aspect.

Fig. 6 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, the schematic side view of adjusting mechanism and component of the three arrangers of time, sighting-tube ring and component of the six cardinal points.

Fig. 7 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, and the solid of adjusting mechanism and component of the three arrangers of time combines schematic diagram.

Fig. 8 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, the local schematic side view of adjusting mechanism and component of the three arrangers of time.

Fig. 9 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, the three-dimensional combination figure of adjusting mechanism and sighting-tube ring.

Figure 10 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, and the dioptra of sighting-tube ring observes the schematic side view of the using state of celestial body in different directions.

Figure 11 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, the sectional perspective decomposing schematic representation of Gui unit and pedestal.

Figure 12 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, and the sunlight at the high noon of same date is not incident upon the side view of the using state of Gui unit by the dioptra of sighting-tube ring along different directions.

Symbol description:

1: pedestal

10: tank

101: the first groove portions

102: the second groove portions

103: connectivity slot portion

11: pedestal

111: First portion

112: the second portions

113: connecting portion

12: the first support bodys

121: support portion

122: clearance space

13: the second support bodys

2: component of the six cardinal points

21: Horizon ring

22: meridian circle group

221: meridian circle

222: adjustment passage

23: sky Chang Huan

231: lug portions

232: the first concave surfaces

3: adjusting mechanism

30: adjustment unit

31: keeper

32: the second tumblers

321,371: locking part

33: the first tumblers

34: location valve jacket

341: basal wall

342: double wall

35: the first joint portions

36: the second joint portions

37: the three tumblers

39: the first actuators

4: component of the three arrangers of time

41: three occasion ring groups

411: three occasion rings

42: equator ring

421: the second concave surfaces

422: branch position

43: ecliptic ring group

431: ecliptic ring

432: observation passage

44: slip subring

5: sighting-tube ring

51: four lantern groups

511: four lanterns

512: straight apart from part

52: dioptra

521: articulated section

522: cylinder end

6: Gui unit

61: Gui chi

611: extend chi portion

62: vertical Gui

81: the first direction of observations

82: the second direction of observations

83: the first projecting directions

84: the second projecting directions

85: the three projecting directions

9: axis

α: angle

Embodiment

Hereinafter with reference to relevant drawings, the astronomical sight device according to present pre-ferred embodiments is described, wherein identical assembly is illustrated with identical reference marks.

Please refer to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, wherein, Fig. 1 is the solid combination schematic diagram of a kind of astronomical sight device of present pre-ferred embodiments, Fig. 2 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, the perspective exploded view of one pedestal 1 and a component of the six cardinal points 2, and Fig. 3 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, the solid of an adjusting mechanism 3 and component of the three arrangers of time 4, sighting-tube ring 5 and component of the six cardinal points 2 combines schematic diagram.

A kind of astronomical sight device of present pre-ferred embodiments comprises a pedestal 1, the component of the six cardinal points 2, be fixed on pedestal 1 adjusting mechanism 3, be arranged on component of the six cardinal points 2 and is arranged on component of the three arrangers of time 4 in component of the six cardinal points 2 and a sighting-tube ring 5 be arranged in component of the three arrangers of time 4.In addition, astronomical sight device also comprises one and is combined the Gui unit 6 installed with pedestal 1.

The pedestal 1 of the present embodiment comprises a compartment of terrain and is positioned at pedestal 11 below component of the six cardinal points 2, and to be arranged between pedestal 11 and component of the six cardinal points 2 and be spaced first support body 12 and multiple second support body 13.

Pedestal 11 is in cruciform, and there is the First portion 111 of confession first support body 12 installation, multiple second portion 112 supplying described second support body 13 to install respectively, and multiple connecting portion 113 be connected between First portion 111 and described second portion 112.In addition, pedestal 11 can define a tank caved in from top to bottom 10, tank 10 has one and is arranged on the first groove portion 101 in First portion 111, multiple the second groove portion 102 be separately positioned in described second portion 112, and is multiplely separately positioned on described the connecting portion 113 and connectivity slot portion 103 be communicated in respectively between the first groove portion 101 and described second groove portion 102.Wherein, the first support body 12 has two and sets up and the support portion 121 be spaced for component of the six cardinal points 2 respectively, and between described support portion 121 and the clearance space 122 located on a straight line with Gui unit 6.

Certainly, as long as pedestal 1 can support component of the six cardinal points 2, its structure is not limited with the form disclosed by the present embodiment.Furthermore, the pedestal 11 of the present embodiment is all criss-cross structure with tank 10 and can be used for correcting the level of pedestal 1.Specifically, tank 10 can be used for being installed in the liquid of such as water, and liquid flow observes its level whereby, such as, pour liquid into tank 10, if when pedestal 11 is level, then liquid will flow to described second groove portion 102 via described connectivity slot portion 103 equably respectively; If when pedestal 11 is non-horizontal, then liquid flows to the lower wherein several connectivity slot portions 103 of level height by concentrating.Can inform user by the way, whether pedestal 11 is level, and the Horizon orientation indicated to guarantee to arrange superincumbent component of the six cardinal points 2 can be parallel with local horizon, and then promote the degree of accuracy of observation.On the implementation, pedestal 1 is not to have the function of level of corrections for necessity, and the mode of pedestal 11 level of corrections is also not limited to the citing of the present embodiment.

In the present embodiment, component of the six cardinal points 2 is used to indicate the altitude of altitude, orientation, the horizontal system of coordinates, and moment time of one day.Wherein, as shown in Figure 2; component of the six cardinal points 2 comprises 21, one, a Horizon ring be flatly arranged on described second support body 13 and to be vertically arranged on Horizon ring 21 and the meridian circle group 22 be set up under its bottom on first body 12, and one is positioned at Horizon ring 21 and the normal ring 23 within meridian circle the group 22 and sky of parallel celestial equator.

In addition, please refer to shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, wherein, Fig. 4 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, the normal ring 23 in sky and the sectional perspective schematic diagram of meridian circle group 22 relative to the equator ring 42 of component of the three arrangers of time 4 of component of the six cardinal points 2.

Horizon ring 21 is used to indicate Horizon orientation, and its marker method can be such as specifically eight dry: first, second, third, fourth, heptan, pungent, ninth of the ten Heavenly Stems and the last of the ten Heavenly stems; Four-dimensional: dry (northwest), female (northeast), xun, one of the Eight Diagrams (southeast) and blunt (northeast); 12 occasion positions: son (just north), ugly, third of the twelve Earthly Branches, the fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches (due east), occasion, the sixth of the twelve Earthly Branches, the noon (due south), not, Shen, the tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches (just west), the eleventh of the twelve Earthly Branches and the last of the twelve Earthly Branches.

Meridian circle group 22 perpendicular to ground, and is labeled with all skies number of degrees (namely 365.25 degree), can be used for indicating upper and lower orientation and altitude.Wherein, meridian circle group 22 has two intervals and arranges and the meridian circle 221 be set up in respectively on the support portion 121 of the first support body 12, and an adjustment passage 222 between described meridian circle 221.

It normal ring 23 overlaps with celestial equator, and is labeled with twelve two time and hundred quarters, and for indicating the time with the time scale indicating a day.In the present embodiment; it normal ring 23 is rotatably installed within Horizon ring 21 and meridian circle group 22; and there are two lay respectively at opposition side and be movably located on the lug portions 231 (only showing one in Fig. 4) in adjustment passage 222, and first concave surface 232 caved inward.Certainly, in use, Horizon ring 21, meridian circle group 22 are not limited to aforementioned citing with the marking mode of the normal ring in sky 23.

Component of the three arrangers of time 4 can be one day spheroid (such as comprising the astronomical globe of the astrology), an ecliptic instrument, or an equatorial telescope.Wherein, ecliptic instrument can comprise one or three occasion ring groups 41 and add an ecliptic ring 431, and equatorial telescope can comprise one or three occasion ring groups 41 adds an equator ring 42.In the present embodiment, component of the three arrangers of time 4 comprises one or three occasion ring group 41, equator ring 42 and ecliptic ring groups 43.

In addition, please refer to shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 5 A ~ 5B and Fig. 6, wherein, Fig. 5 A is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, the relative schematic side view of adjusting mechanism 3 and component of the three arrangers of time 4, sighting-tube ring 5 and component of the six cardinal points 2, Fig. 5 B is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, the close-up schematic view of adjusting mechanism 3 and component of the three arrangers of time 4, sighting-tube ring 5 and component of the six cardinal points 2, and Fig. 6 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, the schematic side view of adjusting mechanism 3 and component of the three arrangers of time 4, sighting-tube ring and component of the six cardinal points.Pay special attention to a bit, the relative position relation of icon that Fig. 5 A shows is upper and lower contrary with Fig. 5 B (and Fig. 5 C).

In the present embodiment, adjusting mechanism 3 comprises two and to arrange along an axis 9 and be arranged at the end opposite of meridian circle group 22 respectively and can be used to adjust the adjustment unit 30 with the luffing angle of orientation axis 9.As shown in Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 B, each adjustment unit 30 has a keeper 31 be movably located in adjustment passage 222, one can be arranged on around axis 9 the first tumbler 33 installed on keeper 31 and for sighting-tube ring 5 interlock rotationally, one can be arranged on around axis 9 the second tumbler 32 installed on first tumbler 33 and for component of the three arrangers of time 4 interlock rotationally, one to be arranged on keeper 31 and the location valve jacket 34 of meridian circle 221 described in clip respectively, two are separately positioned on the first joint portion 35 on described meridian circle 221, and two are separately positioned on the opposition side of keeper 31 and distinguish the second joint portion 36 be combined with described first joint portion 35 movably.

Each location valve jacket 34 has one and to be fixedly mounted on keeper 31 and the basal wall 341 being positioned at the outside of described meridian circle 221, and two double walls extended inwardly by basal wall 341 respectively 342, described double wall 342 and keeper 31 can press from both sides respectively by fixing described meridian circle 221.Wherein, described location valve jacket 34 is that certainly on the implementation, its fixing means is not limited thereto in order to increase the described adjustment unit 30 in location fixed effect on a predetermined position further.In addition, first joint portion 35 of the present embodiment is the form of a chase and is communicated with described adjustment passage 222 respectively, and the second joint portion 36 is the form of a raised line, and combined movably by the mode of concavo-convex engaging, certainly on the implementation, described first joint portion 35 also can be the form of raised line, and the second joint portion 36 is the form of chase accordingly, is not limited to the citing of the present embodiment.

What further illustrate is, in use, adjusting mechanism 3 can also comprise first actuator 39 be arranged on the keeper 31 of one of them adjustment unit 30, first actuator 39 can make the second tumbler 32 and the first tumbler 33 rotate around axis 9, and then the component of the three arrangers of time 4 that simultaneous linkage is fixed on the second tumbler 32 rotates around axis 9, and the sighting-tube ring 5 being fixed on the first tumbler 33 rotates around axis 9, make component of the three arrangers of time 4 and sighting-tube ring 5 can the operation of automatic tracing fixed star whereby, observe the movement locus of celestial body (or claiming celestial body) and be convenient for measuring, observation, record and demonstration.Wherein, the first actuator 39 can be a motor, and concrete example is as being a servo motor.Control component of the three arrangers of time 4 and sighting-tube ring 5 follow the trail of the technology of celestial body and principle is not emphasis of the present invention as how controlling the first actuator rotating speed, be not described in detail in this.

In addition, please refer to shown in Fig. 5 C and Fig. 5 D, wherein, Fig. 5 C is that another implements the adjusting mechanism 3 of aspect and the cross-sectional schematic of component of the three arrangers of time 4, sighting-tube ring 5 and component of the six cardinal points 2, and Fig. 5 D is that another implements adjustment unit 30 cross-sectional schematic of the opposite side of aspect.It is noted that Fig. 5 C and Fig. 5 D illustrate is the adjusting mechanism 3 of the different enforcement aspect with Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B, but still be denoted as 3.

Implement, in aspect, as shown in Fig. 5 C and Fig. 5 D, to can pass through a locking part 321 and second tumbler 32 is locked on the first tumbler 33 at another.Wherein, can interlock component of the three arrangers of time 4 when the second tumbler 32 rotates.Therefore, the first actuator 39 only can drive the second tumbler 32 to rotate around axis 9 through locking part 321, rotates around axis 9 to drive the component of the three arrangers of time 4 be fixed on the second tumbler 32.Simultaneously, can pass through another locking part 371 is locked on the first tumbler 33 by one the 3rd tumbler 37, and the 3rd tumbler 37 can interlock sighting-tube ring 5 when rotating, and on the keeper that adjusting mechanism 3 also can comprise another adjustment unit 30 and the second actuator that the first tumbler 33 is rotated around axis 9 (figure does not show), and drive the first tumbler 33 through the second actuator and drive through locking part 371 the 3rd tumbler 37 to rotate around axis 9, rotate around axis 9 to drive the sighting-tube ring 5 being fixed on the 3rd tumbler 37.Now, the first actuator 39 can according to the rotating speed of motion of celestial body speed adjustment component of the three arrangers of time 4 precisely to identify celestial coordinates, and the second actuator then can adjust the rotating speed of sighting-tube ring 5 according to the different observation requirements of user.Wherein, second actuator also can be a motor, and be also such as a servo motor, and can be arranged on same adjustment unit 30 with the first actuator 39, or in different enforcement aspects, the second actuator also can be arranged on two adjustment units 30 with the first actuator 39 respectively, as long as the first actuator 39 and the second actuator can drive component of the three arrangers of time 4 and sighting-tube ring 5 to rotate respectively, do not need the mounting means of restriction first actuator 39 and the second actuator at this.

In addition, please refer to shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 B and Fig. 7, wherein, Fig. 7 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, and adjusting mechanism 3 combines schematic diagram with the solid of component of the three arrangers of time 4.

In the present embodiment, component of the three arrangers of time 4 can rotate around axis 9 and be used to indicate the coordinate system of celestial sphere, and component of the three arrangers of time 4 is arranged on component of the six cardinal points 2 by adjusting mechanism 3 luffing angle of adjustable axis 9, makes the pole axis of the parallel celestial sphere of axis 9.Wherein, as shown in Figure 7; component of the three arrangers of time 4 comprises an end opposite and to be arranged on respectively on described second tumbler 32 and 42, one, the equator ring that three occasion ring groups, 41, vertical axis 9 ground that can rotate around axis 9 be arranged on three occasion ring groups 41 is vertically arranged on the ecliptic ring group 43 of three occasion ring groups 41 and parallel ecliptic and a slip subring 44 (showing in figure 6) between the normal ring 23 of equator ring 42 and sky.

Three occasion ring groups 41 have two intervals and are labeled with three occasion rings 411 of all skies number of degrees respectively, described second tumbler 32 is arranged between described three occasion rings 411 respectively, make described three occasion ring groups 41 can rotate around axis 9 whereby, equator ring 42 also can synchronously rotate around axis 9 linkedly with ecliptic ring group 43 simultaneously.

Shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 B and Fig. 6, equator ring 42 and the corresponding status of the normal ring in the sky of component of the six cardinal points 2 23 are in same plane, and equator ring 42 can rotate around axis 9 by normal ring 23 relative to sky.In other words, the normal ring 23 in sky is mounted in the outer rim of equator ring 42, and with 42, equator ring vertical axis 9 in same plane.Specifically, the normal ring 23 in sky is the adjustment doing luffing angle with equator ring 42 by adjusting mechanism 3, and equator ring 42 can rotate around axis 9 by normal ring 23 relative to sky.

As shown in Figure 4, equator ring 42 have one can be mutually corresponding with the first concave surface 232 of the normal ring in sky 23 the second concave surface 421, the subring 44 that slides then is posted by between the first concave surface 232 and the second concave surface 421.In the present embodiment, the material of slip subring 44 is Teflon, and when relative to sky, normal ring 23 rotates around axis 9 equator ring 42, slip subring 44 can promote the smoothness that equator ring 42 rotates with the normal ring 23 in sky.Certainly on the implementation, also can pass through alternate manner and promote lubricity between the first concave surface 232 and the second concave surface 421, be such as coated with lubricating oil or set up bearing, the mode therefore promoting the smoothness that equator ring 42 rotates is not limited to the citing of the present embodiment.In addition, component of the three arrangers of time 4 is not also to arrange slip subring 44 for necessary, and now, the first concave surface 232 is directly posted by the second concave surface 421.

Furthermore, equator ring 42 is labeled with constellation distance degree, and constellation distance degree is the longitude coordinate of celestial equator system of coordinates, and corresponding with the time scale on the normal ring in sky 23, directly can observe that each constellation appears at the time of a certain constant bearing whereby.In addition; also signable 64 relationship and the twenty-four solar terms on equator ring 42; and position equator ring 42 indicating the twenty-four solar terms is mutually corresponding with the position indicating 28 constellations; simultaneously; also signable 72 pentad on it normal ring 23; in the dusk that the previous designs person of being easy to use understands each solar term and early morning, which constellation Su Xing is, thus has the effect of observation and teaching.

In addition, please refer to shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, wherein, Fig. 8 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, the local schematic side view of adjusting mechanism 3 and component of the three arrangers of time 4.

Ecliptic ring group 43 vertically connects three occasion ring groups 41, and as shown in Figure 8, the angle α between ecliptic ring group 43 and equator ring 42 is 23 ° of 26'(that is 23.44 °).Wherein, equator ring 42 has two branch positions 422 crossing with ecliptic ring group 43, and one of them branch position 422 indicates the first point of Aries, and another branch position 422 indicates the first point of Libra.In addition, ecliptic ring group 43 has two intervals and is labeled with the ecliptic ring 431 of all skies number of degrees respectively, and an observation passage 432 between described ecliptic ring 431.

Please refer to shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 B, Fig. 6 and Fig. 9, wherein, Fig. 9 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, the three-dimensional combination figure of adjusting mechanism 3 and sighting-tube ring 5.

In the present embodiment, sighting-tube ring 5 is arranged in component of the three arrangers of time 4, and comprises an end opposite and to be arranged on respectively on described first tumbler 33 and the four lantern groups 51 can rotated around axis 9, and one is pivotally arranged on the supercentral dioptra 52 of four lantern groups 51.

Four lantern groups 51 have four lanterns 511 at two intervals, and two spaced in parallel to each other and to be arranged in described four lanterns 511 respectively by the center of circle of described four lanterns 511 straight apart from part 512.Wherein, described first tumbler 33 is arranged between described four lanterns 511 respectively linkedly, and make described four lantern groups 51 can rotate around axis 9 whereby, meanwhile, dioptra 52 also can synchronously rotate around axis 9 linkedly.

Dioptra 52 to have described in a pivot joint straight apart from being positioned at the articulated section 521 in the center of circle of described four lanterns 511 between part 512, and two lay respectively at end opposite and lay respectively at the cylinder end 522 between described four lanterns 511, because dioptra 52 can rotate around the center of circle of described four lanterns 511 (being also the centre of sphere of celestial sphere) simultaneously, therefore dioptra 52 also can rotate around axis 9, whereby observable, tracking celestial body from all directions.

In addition, please refer to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 6, Fig. 8 and Figure 10, wherein, Figure 10 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, and the dioptra 52 of sighting-tube ring 5 observes the schematic side view of the using state of celestial body in different directions.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, dioptra 52 is in hollow tubular, and penetrated by another end 522 again after can being injected by one of them end 522 for light, therefore eyes can be aimed at one of them end 522 along first direction of observation 81 as shown in Figure 10 by user, and observed by another end 522, followed the trail of celestial body, the information such as orientation, Su Du, solar term, all skies number of degrees simultaneously indicated through sighting-tube ring 5, component of the three arrangers of time 4 and component of the six cardinal points 2 judges the position of celestial body.In addition, in use, also visual demand makes dioptra 52 rotate, such as, observe with second direction of observation 82 as shown in Figure 10, follow the trail of another celestial body.Certainly, conveniently observe, also can install such as lens additional to increase the effect of observation of looking in the distance in the cylinder end 522 of dioptra 52.

Shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Figure 10, further illustrate, the design of the spaced ecliptic ring 431 of ecliptic ring group 43 tool, the cylinder end 522 of dioptra 52 can be aimed at respectively observation passage 432.Therefore, when dioptra 52 such as follows the trail of the solar time, ecliptic ring group 43 can not keep the sun off, namely, sunlight is by the observation passage 432 between described ecliptic ring 431, user can carry out the situation of all skies motion by the observation sun in observation passage 432 between described ecliptic ring 431 whereby, thus increases ease of use of the present invention.

In addition, please refer to shown in Fig. 1, Figure 11 and Figure 12, wherein, Figure 11 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, the sectional perspective decomposing schematic representation of Gui unit 6 and pedestal 1, and Figure 12 is in the astronomical sight device of Fig. 1, the daylight at the high noon of same date is not incident upon the side view of the using state of Gui unit 6 by the dioptra 52 of sighting-tube ring 5 along different directions.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11 and 12, Gui unit 6 for indicating yardstick, and can measure time, solar term and/or tropic year length through the sun throw light at high noon.Wherein, Gui unit 6 comprises one and is flatly combined with the First portion 111 of pedestal 11 the Gui chi 61 installed, and a vertical Gui 62 being erectly installed on one end in contrast to First portion 111 of Gui chi 61.The clearance space 122 of Gui chi 61, vertical Gui 62 and the first support body 12 is positioned at always online.As shown in figure 11, Gui chi 61 has one and is arranged in First the portion 111 and extension chi portion 611 extended in the clearance space 122 of the first support body 12, extends chi portion 611 and lays respectively at opposition side with vertical Gui 62.

Dioptra 52 is aimed at the sun at high noon along first projecting direction 83, penetrated by another end 522 again after the sunlight at high noon can be entered from one of them end 522, and be radiated on Gui chi 61, time, solar term and recurrence can be measured whereby and spend all the year round.It is worth mentioning that, as shown in figure 11, first support body 12 of pedestal 1 is designed to spaced support portion 121 and clearance space 122, even if therefore astronomical sight device is arranged on low latitude region, when noon sun projects along second projecting direction 84 as shown in figure 12, the sunlight at high noon also can irradiate on Gui chi 61 through the first support body 12, avoid the sunlight covering high noon, and the design extended into due to the extension chi portion 611 of Gui chi 61 in the clearance space 122 of the first support body 12, the measurement convenience in use and practicality can be increased.In addition, less at the sunlight irradiating angle at high latitude area high noon, therefore, if when the sunlight at high noon projects along the 3rd projecting direction 85 as shown in figure 12, the First portion 111 of light by dioptra 52 towards the spot distance pedestal 1 of ground projection is also far away, the design that thirty years of age Gui 62 is stood, mainly shorten the length of Gui chi 61, avoid the length of Gui unit 6 long and cause the inconvenience in use, certainly, vertical Gui 62 also can be designed to be installed in Gui chi 61 removably, to adjust according to user demand by use.

Further illustrate, if astronomical sight device is arranged at the Northern Hemisphere, because south can be partial in the position of the sun, therefore can be extended towards the north from First portion 111 by Gui chi 61.Similarly, if astronomical sight device is arranged at the Southern Hemisphere, because the north can be partial in the position of the sun, therefore can be extended towards south from First portion 111 by Gui chi 61.Above-mentioned can the north-south orientation design of exchanging, make Gui unit 6 can be applicable to the Southern Hemisphere and the Northern Hemisphere simultaneously and be not subject to the restriction of latitude, and then suitable application region of the present invention can be increased.

In addition, referring again to Fig. 3, Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 B, shown in Fig. 6 and Figure 10, astronomical sight device can pass through adjusting mechanism 3 and is arranged on component of the six cardinal points 2 by the luffing angle of component of the three arrangers of time 4 adjustable axis 9, because the pole axis of the celestial sphere in different latitude region is different with the angle of ground level, therefore component of the three arrangers of time 4 interlock is arranged on the second tumbler 32 of the adjustment unit 30 of adjusting mechanism 3, and sighting-tube ring 5 interlock is arranged on the first tumbler 33 of the adjustment unit 30 of adjusting mechanism 3, the keeper 31 of each adjustment unit 30 lays respectively between the meridian circle 221 of component of the six cardinal points 2 again, and described second joint portion 36 being arranged at described keeper 31 is combined slidably with described first joint portion 35 being arranged at described meridian circle 221 respectively, and then the described adjustment unit 30 along axis 9 spread configuration can be moved along the adjustment passage 222 of component of the six cardinal points 2, and then adjustment, the luffing angle of axis correction 9, axis 9 is made to be parallel to the pole axis of celestial sphere, the structural design of aforementioned innovation, the present invention is made to be applicable to global regional, do not limit by latitude, and then significantly increase the scope of application of the present invention, its city's field energy contains the whole world, and aforementioned structure design operation can accurate adjust simply again, accurate location, quite easy to use.

In addition; what illustrate further is again; please refer to shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 B and Fig. 6; when described adjustment unit 30 moves along the adjustment passage 222 of component of the six cardinal points 2; equator ring 42 can drive the normal ring 23 in sky to rotate by interlock; the simultaneously lug portions 231 of the normal ring 23 in sky also movement in adjustment passage 222, thus the normal ring in sky 23 can with component of the three arrangers of time 4, the synchronous adjustment in response to latitude of sighting-tube ring 5.Again when component of the three arrangers of time 4 rotates around axis 9, the lug portions 231 of it normal ring 23 is limited in adjustment passage 222 and can not rotates around axis 9, and equator ring 42 can rotate around axis 9 by normal ring 23 relative to sky, therefore, the present invention is through the aforementioned design being rich in clever thought, equator ring 42 and the normal ring in sky 23 can be made to be positioned in same plane perpendicular to axis 9, simultaneously also perpendicular to the pole axis of celestial sphere, therefore, the constellation distance degree that equator ring 42 indicates can be utilized, 64 relationship or the twenty-four solar terms, the time scale that the normal ring 23 in corresponding sky indicates, to understand the relation in the orientation at different solar term and arbitrary celestial body of time, thus there is observation and the effect of imparting knowledge to students.

It should be noted that, the pole axis of the above-mentioned horizontal system of coordinates, altitude, celestial equator, Horizon orientation, eight dry, four-dimensional, 12 occasion positions, all skies number of degrees, twelve two time, hundred quarters, celestial sphere, celestial body, celestial sphere, ecliptic, 28 constellations, constellation distance degree, celestial equator system of coordinates, 64 relationship, the twenty-four solar terms, 72 pentad, the motion of all skies, dusk dawn culminant star, the first point of Aries, first point of Libra and tropic year length, be have the knack of uranology, usual knowledge that the people in astrometry field has, therefore be not explained explanation one by one at this.

In sum, because of according in astronomical sight device of the present invention, be through the dioptra that can rotate from all directions to observe, follow the trail of celestial body, coordinate sighting-tube ring, component of the three arrangers of time and component of the six cardinal points to can be used for indicating the coordinate of the different coordinate system at celestial body place simultaneously, and celestial body and solar term, the time, relation between constellation, so really astronomical sight can be effective to, and such as astronomical teaching can be suitable for.The more important thing is, the present invention can pass through adjustment unit adjustment component of the three arrangers of time and sighting-tube ring around the luffing angle of axis, pole axis is corrected to coordinate the latitude at place, also can synchronously adjust according to latitude, the design of these innovation structures makes suitable application region of the present invention not limit by latitude, and then significantly increase the scope of application of the present invention, its city's field energy contains the whole world, and aforementioned structure design operation accurately can adjust simply again, accurately locates, quite easy to use, so really object of the present invention can be reached.In addition, in one embodiment, the support portion of dioptra, pedestal and the setting of Gui unit, sun throw light when can pass through high noon and measure time, solar term and/or tropic year length, and the sunlight at high noon can irradiate in the extension chi portion of Gui chi through the first support body, avoid the sunlight crested at high noon, and then the measurement convenience that can increase in use and practicality.In addition, Gui unit can the north-south orientation design of exchanging, and can be applicable to the Southern Hemisphere and the Northern Hemisphere, the design that thirty years of age Gui is stood simultaneously, mainly under the length not changing Gui chi, also be applicable to the area of high latitude.

The foregoing is only illustrative, but not be restricted person.Anyly do not depart from spirit of the present invention and scope, and to its equivalent modifications of carrying out or change, all should be included in claim.

Claims

1. an astronomical sight device, comprising:

One pedestal;

One component of the six cardinal points, is fixed on described pedestal, and comprises Horizon ring, the meridian circle group be vertically arranged on described Horizon ring of a level, and described meridian circle group has meridian circle and the adjustment passage between described meridian circle at two intervals;

One adjusting mechanism, comprising two along an axis arrangement is separately positioned on the adjustment unit of the end opposite of described meridian circle group, each adjustment unit have one be movably located on keeper in described adjustment passage, one can be arranged on the first tumbler on described keeper and second tumbler that can be arranged on rotationally around described axis on described first tumbler rotationally around described axis;

One component of the three arrangers of time, can rotate around described axis and by described adjusting mechanism axis described in adjustable luffing angle be arranged on described component of the six cardinal points; And

One sighting-tube ring, is arranged in described component of the three arrangers of time, and comprises an end opposite and to be arranged on respectively on described first tumbler and the four lantern groups can rotated around described axis and one to be pivotally arranged on described four lantern group switching centres and dioptra in hollow tubular.

2. astronomical sight device as claimed in claim 1, wherein each adjustment unit also has one and to be arranged on described keeper and the location valve jacket of meridian circle described in clip respectively.

3. astronomical sight device as claimed in claim 1, wherein each adjustment unit also has two and is separately positioned on the first joint portion on described meridian circle and two and is separately positioned on the opposition side of described keeper and the second joint portion be combined with described first joint portion movably respectively.

4. astronomical sight device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said component of the three arrangers of time can be one day spheroid, an ecliptic instrument, or an equatorial telescope.

5. astronomical sight device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said component of the three arrangers of time comprises an end opposite and to be arranged on respectively on described second tumbler and the three occasion ring groups can rotated around described axis, the equator ring being arranged on described three occasion ring groups and one are vertically arranged on described three occasion ring groups and the ecliptic ring group of parallel ecliptic a vertical described axis.

6. astronomical sight device as claimed in claim 1; wherein said component of the six cardinal points also comprises a sky Chang Huan; described sky Chang Huan is mounted in the outer rim of described equator ring; and with ring position, described equator vertical described axis in same plane; described sky Chang Huan is the adjustment being done luffing angle with described equator ring by described adjusting mechanism, and described equator ring often can rotate around described axis relative to described sky.

7. astronomical sight device as claimed in claim 6; wherein said sky Chang Huan has two and lays respectively at opposition side and the lug portions be movably located in described adjustment passage and first concave surface caved inward, and described equator ring have one can be mutually corresponding with first concave surface of described sky Chang Huan the second concave surface.

8. astronomical sight device as claimed in claim 7, wherein said component of the three arrangers of time also comprises one between described equator ring and described sky Chang Huan and the slip subring be posted by between described first concave surface and described second concave surface.

9. astronomical sight device as claimed in claim 1, also comprises:

One Gui unit, comprises one and is flatly combined the vertical Gui that the Gui chi installed and are erectly arranged on one end in contrast to described pedestal of described Gui chi with described pedestal.

10. astronomical sight device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said adjusting mechanism also to comprise on a keeper being arranged on one of them adjustment unit and makes the first actuator that described second tumbler rotates around described axis, and described first actuator is the form of motor.