CN104215469A - Specimen box of sandy soil monolith, and apparatus and method for preparing monolith - Google Patents
Specimen box of sandy soil monolith, and apparatus and method for preparing monolith Download PDFInfo
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- CN104215469A CN104215469A CN201410406082.XA CN201410406082A CN104215469A CN 104215469 A CN104215469 A CN 104215469A CN 201410406082 A CN201410406082 A CN 201410406082A CN 104215469 A CN104215469 A CN 104215469A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a specimen box of sandy soil monolith, and an apparatus and a method for preparing monolith. The apparatus comprises the specimen box, a soil column cutting plate and a binder; the specimen box comprises a soil containing frame, a fixing frame, a bottom plate and a separation plate; and the binder comprises acrylic resin. The method comprises: 1) selecting an acquisition profile; 2) forming a soil column with the dimension consistent with that of the soil containing frame; 3) sleeving the soil column contour with the soil containing frame, and buckling the soil column with the bottom plate provided with the fixing frame; 4) pressing the bottom plate and cutting the soil column from the soil surface, and at the same time enabling the soil column cutting plate to be downwards inserted from the soil surface along the cut gap until cutting is finished; 5) clamping tightly the soil column between the cutting plate and the specimen box, and taking down the soil column; and 6) using the binder to perform cementation shaping processing, so as to obtain the soil monolith. Field sampling and indoor display are integrated, and the prepared soil monolith is capable of furthest keeping the original happening state of a soil column and can be stored and displayed for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil investigation technical field, be specifically related to a kind of Riker mount of sandy soil monolith and prepare the device and method of sandy soil monolith, integrate field sampling and indoor exhibition, monolith after completing can keep the natural structure of soil vertical section preferably, well arranged, can preserve for a long time and show.
Background technology
Soil monolith selects to have stronger representational soil profile, by table soil to cubsoil, the longitudinal section sample traversing whole soil profile, after gathering, making, is usually used in scientific research, teaching, exhibition display, scientific popularization instrument.
Traditional soil monolith gathers body tool internal diameter and is about as 100cm, wide 10-20cm, and thickness is different because of collection and method for making; Cementing agent uses polyvinyl acetate emulsion and soil profile paint mostly.At present, actual visible collection of material method has following several: the 1st kind of method be continue to use the 1950's since conventional method, do not add any adhesive, with sampling thief, soil sample adopted back, be directly placed in wooden casket.Thickness is about 10cm, and sample appearance is poor, and weight is large, and few people use, and what can see at present is the soil species monolith of collection of material in the 2nd overall survey of soil in the whole nation of 1979 ~ nineteen ninety mostly.2nd kind of method first adopts back pedotheque, uses polyvinyl acetate emulsion as adhesive, and one deck soil sample one deck adhesive makes thin, thick monolith not etc.The soil sampling generation level that this method is made is not obvious, is mostly replaced by sample in bulk now.3rd kind of method also pastes upper sackcloth with polyvinyl acetate emulsion as adhesive cast soil profile wall surface to gather very thin monolith.Although this method is simple to operate, if for the purpose of study display, demonstration, be inapplicable.4th kind of method is Department of Geography of South China Normal University old vessel used to hold grain at the imperial sacrifice, Dai Wenlan invents " cohering shallow soil monolith at the bottom of plate " method, the sample advantage that this method makes is lightweight (each heavy about 2500g), easy and simple to handle, cost is lower, and concerning loamy sand, effect is fine, better can preserve color, the structure under soil natural situation, and difficult drop-off, good teaching and the material of exhibition can be become, but can not preserve for a long time.
In soil sample gatherer process, for the soil that sand cut is higher, earth pillar sample easy generation globality under self gravitation effect is caved in and is come off; On the other hand, because soil sampler and Riker mount separate, the sample of soil sampler is being transferred in the process of Riker mount, is easily causing the continuity of sample, globality and formalness to be damaged.In follow-up preparation of specimen's process, use polyvinyl acetate emulsion pouring sandy soil, easily cause the destruction of the state of nature of soil profile, on the other hand, soil particle bonds insecure, in exhibition display process, easily coming off of particle occurs.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is a kind of novel soil monolith collection of material instrument and supplies, and sample can be made to keep the original generation state of earth pillar to the full extent.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A Riker mount for sandy soil monolith, comprises and fills native frame, fixed frame, base plate, dividing plate, cover plate; Dividing plate is positioned at and fills native frame; Fixed frame is arranged on base plate, fills native frame and is positioned at fixed frame and is detachable connection with base plate.
Further, the native frame of described dress realizes detachable being fixedly connected with base plate by screw.
Further, the profile of described Riker mount is preferably rectangle; Described dividing plate is one or more, is preferably 1 ~ 3, equidistantly arranges filling in native frame, for when being separated earth pillar, earth pillar being divided into several part, playing the effect of support, making it not easily cave in.
Prepare a device for sandy soil monolith, it comprises above-mentioned Riker mount, earth pillar cutting plate and cementing agent.
Further, described cementing agent comprises acryl resin, is mainly used in cementing soil mechanicalness particle, soil protection structure.For sandy soil, the volume ratio of cementing agent and water is 1:4 ~ 1:3, also should be determined on a case-by-case basis in actual mechanical process.
Adopt said apparatus to prepare a method for sandy soil monolith, its step comprises:
1) selected soil sampling sampling spot, dredge operation is cheated and is selected to gather section;
2) be shaped and the earth pillar of the consistent size filling native frame;
3) being enclosed within earth pillar profile by filling native frame, will the base plate of fixed frame being had to be buckled on earth pillar, and with fill native frame and be connected;
4) push down the base plate be buckled on earth pillar, from soil table, earth pillar is cut, earth pillar cutting plate is inserted downwards by soil table along the gap cut open simultaneously, until cut;
5) clamp the earth pillar between cutting plate and Riker mount, earth pillar is taken off, and removes unnecessary soil until earth pillar thickness is consistent with filling native frame height;
6) with cementing agent, cementing heat treatment is carried out to the soil sample in Riker mount, obtain soil monolith.
Further, step 1) the collection section of soil is selected according to light status, the facade northwards in operation hole is step surface, to the south for gathering section.
Further, step 2) concrete grammar be: will dress Tu Kuanggai on the section wall gathering section, mark earth pillar profile with cutting native cutter along the edge filling native frame; Then take off and fill native frame, remove the soil of the earth pillar profile surrounding marked; Repair earth pillar further again, make it consistent with the size filling native frame.
Further, step 3) first gauze on the inside surface pad of base plate having fixed frame, and coat the acryl resin of dilution, and then base plate is buckled on earth pillar.
Further, step 6) described cementing agent comprises acryl resin, and the volume ratio of cementing agent and water is 1:4 ~ 1:3.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention is a kind of novel soil monolith collection of material instrument and supplies, integrate field sampling and indoor exhibition, employ a kind of novel soil cementing agent simultaneously, effectively can solve sandy soil monolith to gather and the problem in manufacturing process, and sample keeps the original generation state of earth pillar to the full extent, keep the natural structure of soil vertical section.Compare the sample adopting other equipment and cementing agent collection of material, the present invention has the features such as thickness is thin, lightweight, holding time length, soil particle difficult drop-off.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Riker mount structural representation in embodiment.
Fig. 2 is Riker mount STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION schematic diagram in embodiment.
Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B, Fig. 3 C and Fig. 3 D are soil monolith gatherer process schematic diagram in embodiment.
Embodiment
For enabling above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage become apparent more, and below by specific embodiments and the drawings, the present invention will be further described.
The device preparing sandy soil monolith of the present invention, comprises Riker mount, earth pillar cutting plate, gauze and cementing agent etc.
Fig. 1 is Riker mount structural representation, and Fig. 2 is Riker mount STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION schematic diagram.As shown in this two figure, Riker mount comprises and fills native frame, fixed frame, base plate, dividing plate, cover plate.Fill native frame and realize detachable being fixedly connected with base plate by screw.Fill the poplar (quality light, not easily craze and transfiguration) that native frame is about 1cm by thickness to be made, its internal diameter size is 100 × 10 × 3cm (unit of indicate in Fig. 2 1000,100,30 is mm), and base plate size is 104 × 14 × 1cm.The size filling native frame can be determined according to actual conditions.Fixed frame is arranged on base plate, and the plank thick primarily of 1cm is made, and its internal diameter size is 102 × 12 × 1cm.Dividing plate is 10cm primarily of length, and the wide sheet metal for 2cm is made, and a dividing plate is fixed every 25cm in the long side filling native frame, realizes its quartern (referring to accompanying drawing).Cover plate is of a size of 102 × 12 × 1cm, and material is poplar.
Earth pillar cutting plate is made by the steel plate of 105 × 15 × 2cm.Cementing agent is mainly acryl resin, is mainly used in cementing soil mechanicalness particle, soil protection structure, and for sandy soil, the volume ratio of cementing agent and water is 1:4 ~ 1:3, also should be determined on a case-by-case basis in actual mechanical process.Gauze is conventional common gauze, size large about 1cm more each than floor length and width.
Fig. 3 is the process schematic adopting said apparatus to carry out soil monolith collection, mainly comprises field acquisition stage and laboratory treatment stage.
1. the field acquisition stage:
1) select to gather section
Selected soil monolith sampling spot, excavate long 2.0m, the wide 1.5m of being is the heatable adobe sleeping platform of 1.2m (concrete size should be advisable depending on easy to operate) deeply, according to light status, at operation four, hole facade, (in four facades, facade is northwards step surface, to the south is collection section) middle selection working section, after completing soil profile description record and stratified soil sample collection (obtain relevant information and be used for filing of soil whole section of section), start to gather monolith.
2) earth pillar is shaped
On the vertical wall of selected typical soil profile, will fill Tu Kuanggai on section wall, with cutting native cutter in the surrounding filling native frame, along filling the edge of native frame from top to bottom, mark zanjon, ditch depth is 3 ~ 5cm, marks the rectangle of a long 100cm, wide 10cm.Take off and fill native frame, then being gone by the soil of surrounding hoe with the hoe careful zanjon along having marked, earth pillar being protruded, and occurs two concave surfaces in the earth pillar both sides of repairing, the width of concave surface should according to easy to operate and determine.Repair earth pillar, make it consistent with the size filling native frame, as shown in Figure 3A.
3) earth pillar cutting
Being nested in filling native frame on earth pillar profile, filling native frame lower end pad small pieces of cloth used for patches underbed to support earth pillar and to fill native frame, with cutlery adjustment earth pillar concordant with filling native frame surface level (vertical messenger wire).Gauze on the inside surface pad of base plate having fixed frame, and coat the acryl resin of 1:1 dilution, (gauze and acrylic resin-coated operation not necessarily step can be padded with base plate is mutually bonding to make earth pillar, the dilution ratio of acryl resin also can adjust, be advisable with the natural structure not affecting earth pillar), then be buckled on earth pillar, make it and fill native frame and be connected, as shown in Fig. 3 B and Fig. 3 C.Then a people pushes down the base plate be buckled on earth pillar, one people fills the position of about the plane 1cm at native frame opening place in distance with handsaw, from soil table, earth pillar is cut, meanwhile, again by another people, inserted downwards by soil table along the gap that handsaw cuts with earth pillar cutting plate, prevent the earth pillar cut open from caving in, as shown in Figure 3 D.Simultaneously, fill in native frame and be provided with dividing plate, the height of dividing plate is more lower slightly than the height of Riker mount inside, due to when being separated earth pillar, especially for the soil that sand cut is larger, soil easily caves under the effect of spontaneous gravity, uses dividing plate earth pillar can be divided into several part, play the effect of support, make it not easily cave in.
After having cut, the earth pillar firmly between clamping cutting plate and Riker mount, turns forward its post at leisure, progressively sets level.Then with handsaw by unnecessary soil saw pine, saw is thin, then is swept off by fine earth with hairbrush, until the thickness of earth pillar is with to fill native frame (3cm) highly consistent.Cover with one deck kraft and fill native frame, cover cover plate, and cover plate and other positions of Riker mount are held together securely with rope band, packing is wrapped up again in outside, transports back to laboratory.
2. the laboratory treatment stage:
The whole section of earth pillar horizontal that field is fetched, base plate under, solution removes rope band, opens cover plate, removes kraft, place about 1 ~ 2 day, ventilation (for the soil that sand cut is more).Then carry out cementing heat treatment with cementing agent to sample, adjust the ratio of acryl resin and water according to physical attributes such as the sample soil textures, for sandy soil, the volume ratio of its acryl resin and water is generally about 1:4 ~ 1:3.Spray earth pillar surface with watering can by even for cementing agent (acryl resin: water=1:4) and guarantee that cementing agent soaks into whole sample.For ensureing cementing effect, general periodicity is sprayed for several times (should be determined on a case-by-case basis).The sample completing above-mentioned technological process is positioned over cool place, drying, ventilation to drying in the shade completely, consolidation.Finally, at earth pillar surface spraying polymethylmethacrylate, this reagent is lackluster and transparent lean solution, mainly in order to preserve natural structure face and the color of sample, wherein the volume ratio of polymethylmethacrylate and water is 1:5 ~ 1:3, can adjust proportioning according to actual conditions.Be positioned in exhibit rack, display rack by monolith after to be dried and put on display, accompanying drawing and profile information data are described simultaneously.
In above-described embodiment, Riker mount adopts rectangle, like this when the length of monolith is long more than 1 meter, uses rectangle to save material, can alleviate the weight of sample simultaneously.In other embodiments, also can be the shape such as square, circular, but need larger volume, can cost be increased.
Above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention but not to be limited; those of ordinary skill in the art can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement; and not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with described in claim.
Claims (10)
1. a Riker mount for sandy soil monolith, is characterized in that, comprises and fills native frame, fixed frame, base plate, dividing plate and cover plate, wherein, dividing plate is positioned at and fills native frame, and fixed frame is arranged on base plate, fills native frame and is positioned at fixed frame and is detachable connection with base plate.
2. Riker mount as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the profile of described Riker mount is rectangle, and described dividing plate is one or more.
3. prepare a device for sandy soil monolith, it is characterized in that, comprise Riker mount according to claim 1, and earth pillar cutting plate, cementing agent.
4. device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described cementing agent comprises acryl resin, the volume ratio of cementing agent and water is 1:4 ~ 1:3.
5. adopt device described in claim 3 to prepare a method for sandy soil monolith, its step comprises:
1) selected soil sampling sampling spot, dredge operation is cheated and is selected to gather section;
2) be shaped and the earth pillar of the consistent size filling native frame;
3) being enclosed within earth pillar profile by filling native frame, will the base plate of fixed frame being had to be buckled on earth pillar, and with fill native frame and be connected;
4) push down the base plate be buckled on earth pillar, from soil table, earth pillar is cut, earth pillar cutting plate is inserted downwards by soil table along the gap cut open simultaneously, until cut;
5) clamp the earth pillar between cutting plate and Riker mount, earth pillar is taken off, and removes unnecessary soil until earth pillar thickness is consistent with filling native frame height;
6) with cementing agent, cementing heat treatment is carried out to the soil sample in Riker mount, obtain soil monolith.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: step 1) the collection section of soil is selected according to light status, the facade northwards in operation hole is step surface, to the south for gathering section.
7. method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, step 2) concrete grammar be: will dress Tu Kuanggai on the section wall gathering section, mark earth pillar profile with cutting native cutter along the edge filling native frame; Then take off and fill native frame, remove the soil of the earth pillar profile surrounding marked; Repairing earth pillar further, making it consistent with the size filling native frame.
8. method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: step 3) first gauze on the inside surface pad of base plate having fixed frame, and coat the acryl resin of dilution, and then base plate is buckled on earth pillar.
9. method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: step 6) described cementing agent comprises acryl resin, and the volume ratio of cementing agent and water is 1:4 ~ 1:3.
10. method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: in step 6) after, at earth pillar surface spraying polymethylmethacrylate, to preserve natural structure face and the color of sample.
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| CN201410406082.XA CN104215469A (en) | 2014-08-18 | 2014-08-18 | Specimen box of sandy soil monolith, and apparatus and method for preparing monolith |
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| CN201410406082.XA CN104215469A (en) | 2014-08-18 | 2014-08-18 | Specimen box of sandy soil monolith, and apparatus and method for preparing monolith |
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Cited By (11)
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| CN108801203A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-11-13 | 佛山市高明曦逻科技有限公司 | A kind of sample collection method of farmland dry soil roughness measurement |
| CN108801202A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-11-13 | 佛山市高明曦逻科技有限公司 | A kind of sample collection method of soil surface local roughness detection |
| CN109141957A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-04 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of acquisition and production method of 1 m original state monolith of sand |
| CN109187068A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-11 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of acquisition and production method of 1 m original state monolith of more gravel soils |
| CN111380717A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-07-07 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Undisturbed whole-section soil specimen collecting and manufacturing equipment and method |
| CN111487108A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-08-04 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for preparing whole section specimen of peat soil |
| CN111562157A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-08-21 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Specimen manufacturing process capable of keeping original state of field soil profile |
| CN111693320A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-09-22 | 黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所 | Method for collecting soil specimen in field and indoor making soil specimen |
| CN112611616A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-06 | 海南省环境科学研究院 | Manufacturing method of coral sand specimen |
| CN113740130A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-03 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for manufacturing portable soil profile specimen |
| CN113744617A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-03 | 海南省环境科学研究院 | Method for preparing monolith of acidic sulfate soil |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108801202A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-11-13 | 佛山市高明曦逻科技有限公司 | A kind of sample collection method of soil surface local roughness detection |
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| CN109141957A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-04 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of acquisition and production method of 1 m original state monolith of sand |
| CN109187068A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-11 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | A kind of acquisition and production method of 1 m original state monolith of more gravel soils |
| CN109187068B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-06-05 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for collecting and manufacturing 1m undisturbed monolith of multi-gravel soil |
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| CN111380717A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-07-07 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Undisturbed whole-section soil specimen collecting and manufacturing equipment and method |
| CN111487108B (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2021-04-27 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for preparing whole section specimen of peat soil |
| CN111487108A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-08-04 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for preparing whole section specimen of peat soil |
| CN111562157A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-08-21 | 福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Specimen manufacturing process capable of keeping original state of field soil profile |
| CN111693320A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-09-22 | 黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所 | Method for collecting soil specimen in field and indoor making soil specimen |
| CN112611616A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-06 | 海南省环境科学研究院 | Manufacturing method of coral sand specimen |
| CN112611616B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2024-02-09 | 海南省环境科学研究院 | Manufacturing method of coral sand sample |
| CN113740130A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-03 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for manufacturing portable soil profile specimen |
| CN113740130B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2024-02-13 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Manufacturing method of portable soil profile specimen |
| CN113744617A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-03 | 海南省环境科学研究院 | Method for preparing monolith of acidic sulfate soil |
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Application publication date: 20141217 |