CN101008564A - Method for establishing tree volume table using three dimensional laser scanning system - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention discloses one method to compile wood list meter by 3D laser scanning system, which comprises the following steps: without fallen trunk, through 3D laser scanning system getting 3D space point array data to establish wood 3D space mode; on the mode, using 3D laser scanning system software to realize tree factor such as height, breast radium, wood product and head range extraction to compile wood product method.

Description

Use method for establishing tree volume table using three dimensional laser scanning system

Technical field

The invention relates to the method for forest inventory investigation, particularly in the time need not cuting down, measure its volume of timber, use method for establishing tree volume table using three dimensional laser scanning system about standing tree.

Technical background

For many years, when establishing tree volume table using, being mostly to use conventional methods in the forestry, promptly is to cut down a large amount of standing tree as sample trees, utilizes felled tree sectional measurement formula to calculate the volume of timber, match volume equation formula, and then establishment Volume table; The damage that this method causes forest is big; Use standing tree sectional measurement and Pressler method mensuration standing volumes such as the isometric sectional measurement of standing tree, tired supreme people's court in practice, though avoided the damage of forest, but the limitation that is limited to surveying instrument environment and precision, the standing volume that records with these methods can't be used for working out Volume table.This just need come establishing tree volume table using with a kind of new method, neither damages forest, can guarantee the precision of Volume table again.Produce under such background with method for establishing tree volume table using three dimensional laser scanning system.Establishing tree volume table using three dimensional laser scanning system has not only been avoided the phenomenon of falling trees in a large number, and can rebuild its three-dimensional model by the standing tree three dimensions dot array data that digital camera scanning is obtained, and then obtain the factors of enumeration of standing tree, precision height, efficient height by model.The establishment of traditional tree volume table needs a large amount of trees of felling, and the damage that forest is caused is big, and in today that ecologic environment comes into one's own day by day, this kind method has inadvisable part.Use method for establishing tree volume table using three dimensional laser scanning system, not only can cut down standing tree, preserve the ecological environment; And the establishment that can improve tree volume table greatly, for forestry administrative authority provides the foundation of economic planning accurately, decision-making foundation.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method for establishing tree volume table using three dimensional laser scanning system of using, it is under the condition that need not cut down standing tree, obtain the three dimensions dot array data of standing tree by three-dimensional laser scanning system, set up the three-dimensional model of standing tree, and then obtain factors of enumeration, the standard volume table of establishment standing tree, it has overcome the deficiency that prior art exists.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the emphasis factors of enumeration that obtains according to position, size and form and the needs of study plot standing tree designs the position of each scanning movement and control target, on selected survey station, set up laser scanner, adjust parameter and attitude, utilize digital camera to take standing tree, scan, obtain the three dimensions dot array data of standing tree, obtain the control Target Center simultaneously, obtain a width of cloth point cloud chart; By coordinate coupling, the difference cloud atlas " amalgamation " of standing tree under the same coordinate system, through the realization of functions such as data pre-service, extraction, is finally set up the three-dimensional model of standing tree; The software processes of utilizing three-dimensional laser scanner to carry is extracted factors of enumeration such as the height of tree, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, the volume of timber and the hat width of cloth, finishes the assize parameter extraction; The diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, the height of tree and volume of timber data that scanning is obtained adopt different volume equations to fit respectively, select residual standard deviation minimum, index of correlation maximum, and consider near the equation of diffusing some distribution trend of graphical method volume of timber formula as tabulating, set up binary volume equation formula, the establishment Volume table.

Wherein the binary volume equation formula of Jian Liing is as follows: the binary volume equation formula (formula 1) of generally selecting Si Boer to propose in nineteen fifty-two, the establishment Volume table with the height class of 1m, the diameter class of 2cm, launches promptly to get the standing tree standard volume table with formula 1.

$\stackrel{\‾}{V}=a{\left(D^{2}H\right)}^b---1$

In the formula

Be standing volume (m ²), D is the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground (cm), and H is the height of tree (m), and a, b are dimensionless parameters.

The present invention has following advantage: utilize three-dimensional laser scanning system scanning standing tree, need not cut down standing tree, protected forest; Utilize the three dimensions dot array data of the digital camera acquisition standing tree of three-dimensional laser, thereby set up the three-dimensional space model of standing tree, realize the reproduction of standing tree, on the three-dimensional model of standing tree, measure factors of enumeration and for example be preced with the width of cloth, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, the height of tree and the volume of timber, this measurement has omnibearing characteristics; Utilize establishing tree volume table using three dimensional laser scanning system, efficient height, labour intensity are little.

Embodiment

At first the emphasis factors of enumeration that obtains according to position, size and form and the needs of study plot standing tree designs the position of each scanning movement and control target, on selected survey station, set up laser scanner, adjust parameter and attitude, utilize digital camera to take standing tree, scan, obtain the space lattice data of standing tree, obtain the control Target Center simultaneously, obtain a width of cloth point cloud chart; By coordinate coupling, the difference cloud atlas " amalgamation " of standing tree under the same coordinate system, through the realization of functions such as data pre-service, extraction, is finally set up the three-dimensional model of standing tree; The software processes of utilizing three-dimensional laser scanner to carry is extracted factors of enumeration such as the height of tree, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, the volume of timber and the hat width of cloth, finishes the assize parameter extraction; The method need not be cuted down standing tree, and can carry out continuous growth observation to standing tree, precisely monitors it and changes, and obtains the growth rhythm of standing tree.The diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground that scanning is obtained, the height of tree and volume of timber data adopt different volume equations to fit respectively then, select residual standard deviation minimum, index of correlation maximum, and consider near the equation of diffusing some distribution trend of graphical method volume of timber formula as tabulating, set up binary volume equation formula, binary volume equation formula (formula 1) the establishment Volume table that the general Si Boer of selection proposed in nineteen fifty-two, with the height class of 1m, the diameter class of 2cm, formula 1 is launched promptly to get the standing tree standard volume table.

$\stackrel{\‾}{V}=a{\left(D^{2}H\right)}^b---1$

In the formula

Be standing volume (m2) that D is the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground (cm), H is the height of tree (m), and a, b are dimensionless parameters.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of method for establishing tree volume table using three dimensional laser scanning system of using, it is characterized in that: the emphasis factors of enumeration that obtains according to position, size and form and the needs of study plot standing tree designs the position of each scanning movement and control target, on selected survey station, set up laser scanner, adjust parameter and attitude, utilize digital camera to take standing tree, scan, obtain the three dimensions dot array data of standing tree, obtain the control Target Center simultaneously, obtain a width of cloth point cloud chart; By coordinate coupling, the difference cloud atlas " amalgamation " of standing tree under the same coordinate system, through the realization of functions such as data pre-service, extraction, is finally set up the three-dimensional model of standing tree; The software processes of utilizing three-dimensional laser scanner to carry is extracted factors of enumeration such as the height of tree, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, the volume of timber and the hat width of cloth, finishes the assize parameter extraction; The diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, the height of tree and volume of timber data that scanning is obtained adopt different volume equations to fit respectively, select residual standard deviation minimum, index of correlation maximum, and consider near the equation of diffusing some distribution trend of graphical method volume of timber formula as tabulating, set up binary volume equation formula, the establishment Volume table.

2, the method for establishing tree volume table using three dimensional laser scanning system of using according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: wherein the binary volume equation formula of Jian Liing is as follows: the binary volume equation formula (formula 1) of generally selecting Si Boer to propose in nineteen fifty-two, the establishment Volume table, with the height class of 1m, the diameter class of 2cm, formula 1 is launched promptly to get the standing tree standard volume table.

$\stackrel{\‾}{V}=a{\left(D^{2}H\right)}^b---1$

In the formula

Be standing volume (m ²), D is the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground (cm), and H is the height of tree (m), and a, b are dimensionless parameters.