CN104160805B - A kind of lily ball vernalization rooting method - Google Patents
A kind of lily ball vernalization rooting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104160805B CN104160805B CN201410442266.1A CN201410442266A CN104160805B CN 104160805 B CN104160805 B CN 104160805B CN 201410442266 A CN201410442266 A CN 201410442266A CN 104160805 B CN104160805 B CN 104160805B
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of lily ball vernalization rooting method, and the method comprises vernalization and to take root the preparation of simple and easy canopy and root of hair bed; Lily ball thaws; Plant the process such as ball sterilization and root-inducing promoter; Plant spherical pendulum to put and earthing; Control vernalization to take root temperature of shed, humidity, keep water supply in media suitable; The steps such as land for growing field crops plantation are carried out in vernalization end of taking root.Lily stem-root is made to grow to 1-3mm, the long 8-15cm of bud.The inventive method does not need freezer condition, and cost is low; By carrying out kind of a ball vernalization rooting treatment in the booth of field, for the sprouting of the growth of its stem-root and bud provides the environmental conditions such as preference temperature, humidity and dark, be conducive to the sprouting of the growth of lily stem-root and bud, solve lily growth high temperature in early stage and disadvantageous problem is sprouted to the growth of its stem-root and bud, improve lily cut flowers quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting technical field, be specifically related to lily ball sprouting and sprout and stem-root growth skill method.
Background technology
Lily (
liliumspp.) be unifacial leaf guiding principle Liliaceae (
liliaceae) lilium (
lilium) perennial bulb herbaceous plant, be naked bulb ground light soy sauce stem type (geophyte) flowering bulb, because of its rhizome by the obvolvent of most meat scale, can all kinds of diseases and ailments be controlled and gain the name.The main using value of lily is that cut-flower, potted flower or flower garden are viewed and admired, and some kind can be done edible and medicinal.
Lily large flower and brilliant color, flower appearance are peculiar, very popular.Westerner is always used as holy and pure symbol, and China represents pure with celebrating custom with regard to useful lily from ancient times, comes from the lucky intension such as lily implied meaning " Pepsi is desirable ", " life-long happiness and perfect harmony ".Lily cut flowers has become the main product in International Flower market, and its selling price occupies first of the large cut-flower in the world four, is only second to the red palm and crane is hoped blue, is one of most popular cut-flower in the current world.
The root system of lily is taken root by stem-root and base and is formed.Stem-root, also known as upper piece, in close stem section of being born in below kind of ball top to soil surface.The good growth of stem-root is all very important to the propagation of the good growth of acrial part and the growth of underground bulb and clove.In cut-flower is produced, stem-root is the organ of topmost absorption nutrient and moisture, and stem-root hypogenetic lily plant strain growth gesture is more weak.
Lily ball initial planting has several key environmental factors affecting flower quality, the growth of stem-root need a low temperature, lucifuge, moistening conditions warrant stem-root quantity, quality and grow fast; Sprouting needs low temperature to avoid the high temperature excessive growth of bud and the harm of soil-borne disease bacterium before sprouting and being unearthed, and needs wet condition to ensure the robust growth of bud simultaneously, therefore, during lily ball plantation, needs low temperature, dark, a moistening environmental condition.Stem-root is the dominant absorption root of lily plant strain growth, and stem-root depauperation significantly will affect the quality of lily plant later period growth and development and cut-flower; Lily simple bud not branch, early growth period temperature is too high causes plant excessive growth, will cause that later stage branch is thin and delicate, blade is thin, fresh idea is little, spray is lightweight etc. and have a strong impact on the problem of flower quality.External general Cold Storage Control environmental condition carries out vernalization rooting treatment, grow until stem-root, bud long 8-10cm time, transplant field planting.
The production of the lily cut flowers in supply winter-spring season market, no matter utilize the south of physioclimate as the counter-seas on production of Yuanjiang County of Yunnan etc. or the greenhouse of the north as Lianyun Harbour etc., the greenhouse gardening that utilize facility, planting the ball time of sowing is all at the beginning of autumn late summer that temperature is higher, be unfavorable for the growth of stem-root, newly sprout and easily infect the soil-borne diseases such as rhizoctonia damping off, corn stalk rot caused by Fusarium, cauline leaf excessive growth, is unfavorable for lily early growth very much.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to sow at high temperature season for current many lily producing regions, but lack freezer condition and the high problem of freezer use cost, provide a kind of method that new lily ball vernalization is taken root, the method does not need freezer condition, and cost is low; By carrying out kind of a ball vernalization rooting treatment in the booth of field, for the sprouting of the growth of its stem-root and bud provides the environmental conditions such as preference temperature, humidity and dark, be conducive to the sprouting of the growth of lily stem-root and bud, solve lily growth high temperature in early stage and disadvantageous problem is sprouted to the growth of its stem-root and bud, improve lily cut flowers quality.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is realized by following technical scheme.The present invention is a kind of lily ball vernalization rooting method, and be characterized in, its step is as follows:
(1) vernalization is taken root the preparation of canopy and root of hair bed:
Use monomer green house, about span 4-6m, length is determined according to actual production; In booth, soil is made the wide root of hair bed of 1.4-1.6m, length is according to booth length, general consistent with booth length, does not cut off; 4-6cm above ground level wanted by root of hair bed, and according to temperature situation at large ceiling upper cover thin film, booth side is lid film not, booth covers the shade net that layer 2-3 shading rate is 70-95%, has dug drain ditch around booth;
(2) plant ball to thaw:
Kind of ball thaws and to carry out in canopy is taken root in ready vernalization, and thawing time is 20-36 hour;
(3) ball process is planted:
After kind of ball thaws, take out from case planting ball, the mixed solution put into containing appropriate sterilization liquid and root-inducing promoter in right amount soaks 20-40min;
(4) plant spherical pendulum to put:
First preparation is used for matrix (being generally peat or the soil) disinfection that lily vernalization is taken root; In the thick moistening matrix of sterilizing of root of hair bed upper berth one deck 2-3cm, choosing is healthy plants ball along bed surface is several rows of and puts, and bud, covers the thick matrix of 5-8cm upward above after setting; Described moistening matrix, grabs one with hand and holds, matrix energy expressed water but the humidity of not dripping;
(5) vernalization is taken root:
Keep the suitable moisture of matrix, keep taking root temperature of shed 10-25 DEG C, vernalization rootage duration is 12-15d, and lily stem-root grows to 1-3mm, the long 8-15cm of bud, namely completes vernalization and takes root, and plants ball and is transplanted to land for growing field crops plantation.
In the step (3) of a kind of lily ball vernalization rooting method technical scheme of the present invention, in described sterilization liquid and root-inducing promoter mixed solution, sterilization liquid can be applicable to the sterilization agricultural chemicals of lily ball for disclosed in prior art or commercially available any one, by general consumption dilute with water during use, root-inducing promoter can be applicable to the root-inducing promoter of lily ball, by general consumption dilute with water during use for disclosed in prior art or commercially available any one.In the present invention, preferably sterilize liquid and root-inducing promoter mixed solution: the mixed solution of the fenaminosulf of the mould spirit of the evil that dilute with water is 1500 times, dilution 1000 times and stem root U.S. composition of dilution 1000 times; Or, the mixed solution of the aliette MnZn of the carbendazim that dilute with water is 500 times, dilution 1000 times and stem root U.S. composition of dilution 1000 times.The commodity of the stem root U.S. described in the present invention are by name " laughable rich stem root is beautiful ", and this product is the ripe commercially available prod of Lianyun Harbour Xi Nuozhong industry Co., Ltd production and sales, and CompanyAddress is Bei Gou village, Shuan Dian town, Donghai County, Lianyungang.
In the step (5) of a kind of lily ball vernalization rooting method of the present invention, when matrix overdrying, with sprayer watering, or in water, add appropriate bactericide spray again.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the inventive method is:
1. utilize shading, cooling, the moisturizings such as multilayer shading screen, spraying, dark, low temperature, high humidity etc. that thering is provided lily to grow early stage needs are conducive to the suitable condition that sprouting sprouts and stem-root is grown, and solve that the unfavorable sprouting of high temperature sprouts, sprouting excessive growth and be subject to the problem of soil-borne disease harm;
2. can promote that lily stem-root grows well, for lily later period growth and development provides good basis, the burning leaf often occurred can be reduced during lily produces and burn flower bud phenomenon, increase plant height, improve lily cut flowers quality, increase economic efficiency;
3. the inventive method implements on the basis that lily cut flowers produces booth, and treatment in situ avoids to be sprouted the lily plant taken root and transport the mechanical damage caused; Do not need special building construction and the facilities such as freezer, more simple and easy to do compared with freezer vernalization rooting method, facility is simple, and processing cost is low, is easier to promote.
Embodiment
Below further describe concrete technical scheme of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art understands the present invention further, and do not form the restriction to its right.
Embodiment 1, a kind of lily ball vernalization rooting method, its step is as follows:
(1) vernalization is taken root the preparation of canopy and root of hair bed:
Use monomer green house, about span 4-6m, length is determined according to actual production; In booth, soil is made the wide root of hair bed of 1.4-1.6m, length is according to booth length, general consistent with booth length, does not cut off; 4-6cm above ground level wanted by root of hair bed, and according to temperature situation at large ceiling upper cover thin film, booth side is lid film not, booth covers the shade net that layer 2-3 shading rate is 70-95%, has dug drain ditch around booth;
(2) plant ball to thaw:
Kind of ball thaws and to carry out in canopy is taken root in ready vernalization, and thawing time is 20-36 hour;
(3) ball process is planted:
After kind of ball thaws, take out from case planting ball, the mixed solution put into containing appropriate sterilization liquid and root-inducing promoter in right amount soaks 20-40min;
(4) plant spherical pendulum to put:
First preparation is used for the matrix peat disinfection that lily vernalization is taken root; At the thick moistening peat growing medium of sterilizing of root of hair bed upper berth one deck 2-3cm, choosing is healthy plants ball along bed surface is several rows of and puts, and bud, covers the thick peat growing medium of 5-8cm upward above after setting; Described moistening peat growing medium, grabs one with hand and holds, matrix energy expressed water but the humidity of not dripping;
(5) vernalization is taken root:
Keep the suitable moisture of matrix, keep taking root temperature of shed 10-25 DEG C, vernalization rootage duration is 12-15d, and lily stem-root grows to 1-3mm, the long 8-15cm of bud, namely completes vernalization and takes root, and plants ball and is transplanted to land for growing field crops plantation.
Embodiment 2, in the step (3) of a kind of lily ball vernalization rooting method described in embodiment 1, described sterilization liquid and root-inducing promoter mixed solution be dilute with water 1500 times the mould spirit of evil, dilution 1000 times fenaminosulf and dilution 1000 times stem root U.S. composition mixed solution.
Embodiment 3, in the step (3) of a kind of lily ball vernalization rooting method described in embodiment 1, described sterilization liquid and root-inducing promoter mixed solution be dilute with water 500 times carbendazim, dilution 1000 times aliette MnZn and dilution 1000 times stem root U.S. composition mixed solution.
Embodiment 4, in the step (5) of a kind of lily ball vernalization rooting method according to claim 1, when matrix overdrying, with sprayer watering, or adds appropriate bactericide and sprays in water.
Embodiment 5, lily ball vernalization rooting method experiment one:
The lily cut flowers that Ganzhuang, Yuanjiang county anti-season in winter produces, accounts for more than 80% of market, Winter-Spring, Yunnan lily cut flowers product.Its kind of ball sows the time generally in the 9-11 month, and this, temperature was at about 33-24 DEG C in season, is unfavorable for the growth of lily stem-root in early stage.Adopt this easy lily vernalization rooting method, achieve good effect.Experiment concrete grammar is as follows:
1. the existing lily planting shed (monomer plastic tunnel) built well is transform as vernalization to take root canopy.Existing big-canopy framework directly covers layer 2-3 shading rate 70-95% shade net, and shading screen is moved the end to fix along two of moving towards of canopy, and staff is ventilated from both sides turnover and regulating.Booth span is 6m, and make 3 wide root of hair beds for 1.5m in booth, interval 0.5m, the root of hair height of bed is about 5cm, and surrounding carries out drain ditch.
2. the kind ball be housed in freezer is connected basket to be transported in canopy of taking root and to put 1d, make it slowly thaw.
3. after kind of a ball thaws, kind ball is taken out from case, puts into and soak 30min containing sterilization liquid and the mixed liquor such as growth regulator, root-inducing promoter, carry out kind of ball sterilization and a root induction.
4. matrix (soil or peat) is sterilized, then waters and make it moistening, soil humidity for hold a matrix with hand-tight, energy expressed water but the degree of not dripping.Root of hair bed upper berth one deck 3cm left and right thickness, the moistening matrix of sterilizing, choosing thaw after disease-free kind ball, put along bed surface is several rows of, bud upward, is put while cover the matrix of 6-8cm left and right thickness above.
5. observe a water supply in media every afternoon, keep water supply in media suitable, during matrix overdrying, use atomizers spray clean water.A thermometer is respectively placed at, middle part forward and backward at canopy of taking root respectively, observes temperature of shed of taking root during afternoon high temperature every day, keeps 10-25 DEG C, and when temperature is too high, toward shade net on, water spray for several times, keeps ventilation in canopy.
6. observe vernalization to take root situation, when lily ball stem-root grows 1-3mm, the kind ball after vernalization being taken root is transplanted to lily planting shed.Vernalization rootage duration is generally about 12-15d.
Use the lily plantation family of above-mentioned lily ball vernalization rooting method, promote the growth of lily stem-root and the growth of healthy and strong bud well, solve the problem that under lily growth hot conditions in early stage, stem-root quantity is few, of poor quality and sprouting is easily susceptible, decrease during local lily produces the burning leaf often occurred and burn flower bud phenomenon, plant height increases, lily cut flowers Quality advance, obtains better economic benefit.
Embodiment 6, lily ball vernalization rooting method experiment two:
Lianyungang Area, Jiangsu Province has become the fourth-largest producing region that Chinese lily cut flowers is produced, large for the market year night lily cut flowers consumption such as Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, but the feature that Yunnan lily cut flowers cost of transportation is high, transport capacity is not enough, mainly carries out year production of night lily cut flowers.Lianyungang Area year night lily cut flowers production, plant ball sow the time generally temperature more than 30 DEG C by the end of August, at the beginning of 9 months, plant ball and directly sow and often occur that plant is short and small, petal is lopsided, upper colored rate is low, leaf burns, cane is soft etc. provincialism plants a difficult problem.Analyze its main cause be high temperature sow cause stem-root grow poor, disease seriously, cauline leaf excessive growth.At freezer in not enough or cost-effective situation, adopt this easy lily ball vernalization rooting method, achieve good effect.Experiment concrete grammar is as follows:
1. transform the greenhouse (single roof greenhouse) of plantation lily cut flowers as vernalization to take root greenhouse.The skeleton in the one side greenhouse of production cut-flower directly covering 1-2 layer shading rate 70-95% shade net.In greenhouse, laterally make the wide root of hair bed of moisture in the soil face 1.2-1.5m, interval 0.5m, the root of hair height of bed is about 3-5cm, and drain ditch is carried out on both sides.
2. the kind ball basket be shifted out from freezer is placed in 1d in canopy of taking root, makes it slowly thaw.
3. after kind of a ball thaws, kind ball is taken out from case, put into sterilization liquid and growth regulator mixed liquor and soak 30min, carry out kind of ball and sterilize and a root induction.
4. matrix (soil or peat) is sterilized, then waters and make it moistening, soil humidity for hold a matrix with hand-tight, energy expressed water but the degree of not dripping.Root of hair bed upper berth one deck 3cm left and right thickness, the moistening matrix of sterilizing, choosing thaw after disease-free kind ball, put along bed surface is several rows of, bud upward, is put while cover the matrix of 6-8cm left and right thickness above.
5. observe a water supply in media every afternoon, keep water supply in media suitable, during matrix overdrying, use atomizers spray clean water.A thermometer is respectively placed at, middle part forward and backward at canopy of taking root respectively, observes temperature of shed of taking root during afternoon high temperature every day, keeps 10-25 DEG C, and when temperature is too high, toward shade net on, water spray for several times, keeps ventilation in canopy.
6. observe vernalization to take root situation, when lily ball stem-root grows 1-3mm, the kind ball after vernalization being taken root is transplanted to lily planting shed.Vernalization rootage duration is generally about 15-20d.
The method efficiently solves high temperature in the plantation of Lianyungang Area lily and to sow the problems such as the serial physiological disorder that causes and disease, solve that this area's lily cut flowers stem stalk is soft, flower is lopsided, flower amount less, the provincialism difficult problem such as leaf burning, fallen flowers thunderbolt.Plantation family is after use the method, and lily plant cane is obviously sturdy, and stem-root root layer and root amount increase 30-40%, plant resistance obviously increases, fresh flower quality-improving is obvious, and fresh cut-flowers selling price improves 20-30%, the on average every mu of 10000-15000 unit that can increase income.
Claims (5)
1. a lily ball vernalization rooting method, is characterized in that, its step is as follows:
(1) vernalization is taken root the preparation of canopy and root of hair bed:
Use monomer green house, span 4-6m, length is determined according to actual production; In booth, soil is made the wide root of hair bed of 1.4-1.6m, length is according to booth length, general consistent with booth length, does not cut off; 4-6cm above ground level wanted by root of hair bed, and according to temperature situation at large ceiling upper cover thin film, booth side is lid film not, booth covers the shade net that layer 2-3 shading rate is 70-95%, has dug drain ditch around booth;
(2) plant ball to thaw:
Kind of ball thaws and to carry out in canopy is taken root in ready vernalization, and thawing time is 20-36 hour;
(3) ball process is planted:
After kind of ball thaws, take out from case planting ball, the mixed solution put into containing appropriate sterilization liquid and root-inducing promoter in right amount soaks 20-40min;
(4) plant spherical pendulum to put:
First preparation is used for the matrix disinfection that lily vernalization is taken root; In the thick moistening matrix of sterilizing of root of hair bed upper berth one deck 2-3cm, choosing is healthy plants ball along bed surface is several rows of and puts, and bud, covers the thick matrix of 5-8cm upward above after setting; Described moistening matrix, grabs one with hand and holds, matrix energy expressed water but the humidity of not dripping;
(5) vernalization is taken root:
Keep the suitable moisture of matrix, keep taking root temperature of shed 10-25 DEG C, vernalization rootage duration is 12-15d, and lily stem-root grows to 1-3mm, the long 8-15cm of bud, namely completes vernalization and takes root, and plants ball and is transplanted to land for growing field crops plantation.
2. a kind of lily ball vernalization rooting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (3), described sterilization liquid and root-inducing promoter mixed solution be dilute with water 1500 times the mould spirit of evil, dilution 1000 times fenaminosulf and dilution 1000 times stem root U.S. composition mixed solution.
3. a kind of lily ball vernalization rooting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (3), described sterilization liquid and root-inducing promoter mixed solution be dilute with water 500 times carbendazim, dilution 1000 times aliette MnZn and dilution 1000 times stem root U.S. composition mixed solution.
4. a kind of lily ball vernalization rooting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (4), described matrix is soil or peat.
5. a kind of lily ball vernalization rooting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (5), when matrix overdrying, with sprayer watering, or in water, adds appropriate bactericide spray.
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| CN105746318B (en) * | 2016-02-28 | 2018-07-20 | 西诺（北京）花卉种业有限公司 | A kind of lily seed bulb scale breeding seed ball method |
| CN107548991B (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-07-23 | 福建省农业科学院生物技术研究所 | A kind of inoculation method of lily test tube bulbs |
| CN107926667A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-04-20 | 上海种业（集团）有限公司 | The method that lily summer takes root |
| CN108112441A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-05 | 贵州苗岭盛合农业旅游开发投资有限公司 | A kind of raising lily ball emergence rate method |
| CN109644613A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-19 | 广西隆林荣光农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of lily |
| CN109601549A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-12 | 沈阳农业大学 | A kind of preparation and preparation method thereof and application method for lily ball disinfection |
| CN109644614A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-19 | 广西隆林荣光农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of processing method of lily ball |
| CN112243631B (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2022-03-22 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Method for rapidly breaking dormancy of green flower lily seed bulbs |
| CN112673917A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-20 | 湖北顗泉种业生物技术有限公司 | Method for cultivating virus-free first-generation fruit seedlings by greenhouse cultivation of lily tissue-cultured rooted seedlings |
| CN115553203A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-01-03 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Cut-flower lily trough type soilless culture method |
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