CN104150601B - A kind of have Runoff contaminants remove effect road ecology filter ditch filtration system - Google Patents
A kind of have Runoff contaminants remove effect road ecology filter ditch filtration system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104150601B CN104150601B CN201410408105.0A CN201410408105A CN104150601B CN 104150601 B CN104150601 B CN 104150601B CN 201410408105 A CN201410408105 A CN 201410408105A CN 104150601 B CN104150601 B CN 104150601B
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Abstract
What the invention discloses in highway rain water pollutant filtration art a kind of have Runoff contaminants and removes the road ecology filter ditch filtration system of effect, including rectangle groove, ecological filter bed and the outlet being arranged on bottom rectangle groove that keeps at a certain distance away, from top to down according to including soil horizon in ecological filter bed, multilamellar filter material layer, the bigger substrate drainage blanket of purification medium layer and space, geotextiles is arranged between each layer, the present invention reaches collection by the collocation of structural material and filters, ventilate, the structural system that drainage effect is integrated, additional constructing need not can be achieved with each pollutant in road pavement runoff, especially dissolved nitrogen removal efficiency is high, good operation stability, the functions such as self-ventilation, can be used in highway sewage water filtration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of road ecology filter ditch, particularly to a kind of filtration system.
Background technology
While China's road cause is flourish, to the interference of ecosystem with destroy also in continuous increase.Traffic activity frequently, motor vehicle exhaust emission, tire and road wear, component corrosion and oils and fats seepage etc. cause that the pollutant such as substantial amounts of suspended particulate substance, heavy metal, nutritive salt and Organic substance accumulate on road surface, when precipitation forms pavement runoff, these harmful substances, namely by the row's of carrying under one's arms people's water body or soil, namely cause receiving water body water quality deterioration and the heavy metal pollution of aquatic ecological destruction and Soil Surrounding.
In order to improve aquatic ecosystem, alleviate the land resource waste that wide variety of remittance treatment measures bring, the source treatment measures for the treatment of in situ rainwater runoff pollution as one efficiently, means easily, receive more and more attention.Ecology filters ditch under being not take up the premise ploughed, the pavement runoff that minimizing high load capacity the pollutes pollution level to receiving water body, and the alleviation flourish water pollution problem brought of road has broad application prospects in road engineering.
Traditional Road ecology filter ditch is filtered mainly by multiple-void structure, and dissolved nitrogen clean-up effect is very inconspicuous, and 85% is the existence of the dissolved form in the total nitrogen in runoff.The overall structure of tradition filter bed shows as the layout work from top to bottom diminished successively with porosity, and requires over the layout drain pipe of complexity for the drain function bottom filter bed and be achieved, and there is maintenance difficult, the shortcoming that stability is not high.
Tradition filter bed requires over layout breather for the breeding of nitrobacteria could realize, in the During Process of Long-term Operation of system, due to the aging of breather and ponding, the nitrobacteria of tradition filter bed can cause death because of anoxia, thus causing that overall punishment is except the forfeiture of liquid nitrogen system function.Thus, a kind of novel system layout method with function long-time stability is urgently taked.
The drainage equipment of Traditional Ecological filter bed does not fully take into account hydraulic action, draining is adopted mostly to the measures such as mechanical extraction, and drainage efficiency is poor.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of have Runoff contaminants remove effect road ecology filter ditch filtration system, improve various Runoff contaminants, especially the removal effect of the dissolved ammonia nitrogen, effluent quality can be effectively ensured；And be not easily blocked, gravity-flow ventilation, stable, cycle of operation is long, and simple in construction, and operating cost is low, maintainability advantages of higher.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of have Runoff contaminants remove effect road ecology filter ditch filtration system, including rectangle groove, the ecological filter bed and outlet being arranged on bottom rectangle groove that keeps at a certain distance away, from top to down according to including the substrate drainage blanket that soil horizon, multilamellar filter material layer, purification medium layer and space are bigger in ecological filter bed, between each layer, arrange geotextiles.
Further restriction as the present invention, the material of described multilamellar filter material layer is porous ceramic grain, described multilamellar filter material layer is made up of upper and lower two-layer filter material layer, in the filter material layer of upper strata, the particle diameter of porous ceramic grain is 9-11mm, the height of upper strata filter material layer is 12-18cm, in lower floor's filter material layer, the particle diameter of porous ceramic grain is 3-5mm, the height 12-15cm of lower floor's filter material layer.
As the further restriction of the present invention, described porous ceramic grain selects the one in leca, lytag or mud ceramic granules.
As the further restriction of the present invention, described purification medium layer is filled by zeolite and is formed, and sized zeolite particles is 3-5mm, and purification medium layer is 22-27cm.
As the further restriction of the present invention, substrate drainage blanket is made up of cobble and gravel, and the volume ratio of cobble and gravel is 4:1, and the particle diameter of described cobble is 50-100mm, and the particle diameter of gravel is 10-30mm, controls height at 30-40cm.
As the further restriction of the present invention, described rectangle groove width is 35-45cm, is highly 100-110cm.
Further restriction as the present invention, being provided with some slopes bottom rectangle groove along its length, adjacent slope is oppositely arranged, and described outlet is arranged on bottom slope, described slope the gradient be 3/100 ~ 5/100, described outlet arranges one every 10m.
During the work of the present invention, by ecological filter bed lay by said structure after, soil horizon is spread at multilamellar filter material layer, plantation grass upper Radix Ophiopogonis or rye grass in soil horizon, the pavement runoff sewage that precipitation is formed flows into ecological filter bed, sewage is distributed in surrounding soil layer through hydraulic pressure even action, preliminary purification is obtained under the comprehensive purifying effect substrate of soil matrix-root system of plant-microflora, sewage after preliminary purification passes sequentially through multilamellar filter material layer, adsorb through porous ceramic grain, flocculation sediment and the suspended pollutant filtered in intercepting water, indirectly improve the ammonia nitrogen reaction compartment of dense medium purifica tion layer mesolite, sewage is by the ion exchange of zeolite after purification medium layer with under the adsorption mechanism of filler, remove the pollutant such as the dissolved ammonia nitrogen further, sewage after being cleaned is discharged after longitudinal direction slope current road, ground outlet by filtering the big interconnected pore of ditch basal layer.
The multilamellar filter material layer of the present invention is made up of two-layer filtrate, the particle diameter of filter medium size adopted tapers into from top to bottom, vast scale surface area and water penetration ability in conjunction with haydite, reach efficiently to retain the ability of suspended pollutant, fully filter out the insoluble substance in sewage, thus indirectly improve the ammonia nitrogen reaction compartment of dense medium purifica tion layer mesolite, make that the water flow energy of arrival dense medium purifica tion layer is sufficiently conducted denitrogenates reaction.
The filler particulate zeolite used by purification medium layer of the present invention is the hydrous alumino silicates mineral of family's rack-like structure, internal broad cavity and duct is coordinated to achieve higher ion-exchange performance and high efficiency of additive capability, to nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in runoff sewage, especially total nitrogen has a Preferential adsorption ability, purification medium layer packed height and internal low porosity ensure that current by time have the culture space in enough ammonia nitrogen response time and nitrifier breeding.
The substrate drainage blanket of the present invention naturally utilizes the macrovoid that big particle diameter cobble and gravel pack are formed, both efficient drain function had been achieved, in turn ensure that the ventilation effect of whole filter bed in non-period rainy day, breeding for nitrifier provides good aerobic environment, it is ensured that whole system denitrogenates the persistency of effect.
The present invention reaches to integrate the structural system of filtration, ventilation, drainage effect by the collocation of structural material, it is not necessary to additional functions such as can be achieved with dissolved nitrogen removal efficiency height, good operation stability, self-ventilation of constructing；Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention is:
(1) effluent quality is good, stable, to nitrogen (especially dissolved nitrogen), phosphorus ligands ability height；
(2) good water permeability, is not easily blocked, gravity-flow ventilation, and cycle of operation is long；
(3) simple in construction, the design of three-decker layer filler makes the water distribution that diafiltration is got off uniform, it is not necessary to collecting system, drainage system and ventilating system, only needs simple outlet that water outlet just can be made effectively to discharge；
(4) fill source used by is extensive, with low cost, it is simple to large-scale promotion application；
(5) treatment effect is little by seasonal effect, and the rye grass etc. of earth surface planting, tolerance to cold is good, and has landscape effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the optimal crosssection figure of ecology of the present invention filter ditch.
Fig. 2 is the vertical section layout drawing of ecology of the present invention filter ditch.
Wherein, 1 Radix Ophiopogonis is careless, 2 soil horizons, 3 upper strata filter material layers, 4 lower floor's filter material layers, 5 purification medium layers, 6 substrate drainage blankets, 7 geotextiles, 8 rectangle grooves, 9 outlets.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1-2 a kind of has Runoff contaminants and removes the road ecology filter ditch filtration system of effect, including rectangle groove 8, ecological filter bed and outlet 9, described rectangle groove 8 width is 35-45cm, it is highly 100-110cm, from top to down according to including soil horizon 2 in ecological filter bed, multilamellar filter material layer, the bigger substrate drainage blanket 6 of purification medium layer 5 and space, geotextiles 7 is arranged between each layer, some slopes it are provided with along its length bottom rectangle groove 8, adjacent slope is oppositely arranged, described outlet 9 is arranged on bottom slope, described slope the gradient be 3/100 ~ 5/100, described outlet 9 arranges one every 10m, the material of described multilamellar filter material layer is leca, described multilamellar filter material layer is by upper, lower two-layer filter material layer is constituted, in upper strata filter material layer 3, the particle diameter of leca is 9-11mm, the height of upper strata filter material layer 3 is 12-18cm, in lower floor's filter material layer 4, the particle diameter of leca is 3-5mm, the height 12-15cm of lower floor's filter material layer 4, described purification medium layer 5 is filled by zeolite and is formed, sized zeolite particles is 3-5mm, purification medium layer 5 is 22-27cm, substrate drainage blanket 6 is made up of cobble and gravel, the volume ratio of cobble and gravel is 4:1, the particle diameter of described cobble is 50-100mm, the particle diameter of gravel is 10-30mm, control height 30-40cm.
Following steps are taked to realize when the present invention builds:
Step 1) rectangle groove 8 excavation width is at 35-45cm, and height is at 100-110cm, and concreting is arranged at groove surrounding and bottom, and slope, bottom surface is longitudinally controlled at 1:100 along highway, arranges place's outlet 9 in the bottom on slope every 10m.
Step 2) choose cobble and gravel as filter bed substrate drainage blanket 6, for ensureing the realization of the efficient draining of whole system, bottom natural ventilation effect, particle diameter is respectively at 50-100mm and 10-30mm, control height at 30-40cm, two kinds of building stones carry out mixing according to the volume ratio of 4:1 and fill, it is ensured that final underlayment porosity controls about 35%.
Step 3) is chosen zeolite above substrate drainage blanket 6 and is filled purification medium layer 5, sized zeolite particles 3-5mm, control height at 22-27cm, zeolite main chemical compositions is SiO2, broad cavity and duct is had inside it, zeolite ion exchange capacity is strong, stable chemical performance, substantial amounts of cation can swap reduction water turbidity value with water, removes the harmful ions such as the fluorion in water, ammonia nitrogen ion.
Step 4) chooses the upper and lower two-layer filter material layer of leca making, particle diameter is 9-11mm and 3-5mm respectively, control highly respectively at 15-18cm and 12-15cm, leca is porous light-weight material, loose structure makes it possible to retain substantial amounts of surface water, particle and pollutant, the water retained and partial contamination thing can supply plant growing, and lightweight performance advantageously reduces transport of materials cost.
Step 5) spreads soil horizon 2 on multilamellar filter material layer, and in soil horizon 2, plantation grass Radix Ophiopogonis 1 or rye grass, arrange geotextiles 7 between ecological filter bed each layer.
Native system processes highway runoff sewage, water conservancy load 4.22m3/ (m2D), run after cultivating, system water outlet is relatively stable, and to after native system filters, drainage is detected, obtains SS(float), COD(chemical oxygen consumption (COC)), Pb(lead heavy metal), Zn(zinc heavy metal), the clearance of nutritive salt (TP, TN) and dissolved nitrogen reach 93%, 83%, 92%, 78%, 85%, 60%, 50% respectively.
The invention is not limited in above-described embodiment; select the one in lytag or mud ceramic granules such as porous ceramic grain it is also possible that; on the basis of technical scheme disclosed by the invention; those skilled in the art is according to disclosed technology contents; performing creative labour just need not can being made some replacements and deformation by some of which technical characteristic, these are replaced and deformation is all in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. one kind have Runoff contaminants remove effect road ecology filter ditch filtration system, including rectangle groove, ecological filter bed and the outlet being arranged on bottom rectangle groove that keeps at a certain distance away, it is characterized in that: in ecological filter bed, include soil horizon from top to down successively, multilamellar filter material layer, the bigger substrate drainage blanket of purification medium layer and space, geotextiles is arranged between each layer, the material of described multilamellar filter material layer is porous ceramic grain, described multilamellar filter material layer is by upper, lower two-layer filter material layer is constituted, in the filter material layer of upper strata, the particle diameter of porous ceramic grain is 9-11mm, the height of upper strata filter material layer is 12-18cm, in lower floor's filter material layer, the particle diameter of porous ceramic grain is 3-5mm, the height 12-15cm of lower floor's filter material layer, described porous ceramic grain selects leca, one in lytag or mud ceramic granules, described purification medium layer is filled by zeolite and is formed, sized zeolite particles is 3-5mm, purification medium layer height is 22-27cm, substrate drainage blanket is made up of cobble and gravel, the volume ratio of cobble and gravel is 4:1, the particle diameter of described cobble is 50-100mm, the particle diameter of gravel is 10-30mm, control height 30-40cm.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of have Runoff contaminants remove effect road ecology filter ditch filtration system, it is characterised in that: described rectangle groove width is 35-45cm, is highly 100-110cm.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of have Runoff contaminants remove effect road ecology filter ditch filtration system, it is characterized in that, some slopes it are provided with along its length bottom described rectangle groove, adjacent slope is oppositely arranged, described outlet is arranged on bottom slope, described slope the gradient be 3/100 ~ 5/100, described outlet arranges one every 10m.
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| CN201410408105.0A CN104150601B (en) | 2014-08-19 | 2014-08-19 | A kind of have Runoff contaminants remove effect road ecology filter ditch filtration system |
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| CN104150601B true CN104150601B (en) | 2016-06-29 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
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| CN105064489A (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2015-11-18 | 西安市政设计研究院有限公司 | Biological filter and design method thereof |
| CN106746183B (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2019-10-08 | 浙江海洋大学 | A kind of highway sewage collecting processing system |
| CN106630294A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-05-10 | 岭南新科生态科技研究院（北京）有限公司 | Decontaminating and water-permeable pavement system |
| CN106638221A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-05-10 | 岭南新科生态科技研究院（北京）有限公司 | Permeable paving system and paving method for removing oil stain in runoff rainwater |
| CN108585098A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-28 | 同济大学 | The purification method of rainwater runoff pollution object and scavenging material zeolite-containing |
| CN109133494A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2019-01-04 | 广州格淋环境保护技术有限公司 | A kind of complex ecological water purification system and its process for purifying water |
| CN110330175A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-10-15 | 广西碧清源环保投资有限公司 | Multistage filtration system and percolation method |
| CN111557182A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-21 | 扬州大学 | Road landscape intelligently irrigated by utilizing rainwater and operation method thereof |
| CN111908617A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-11-10 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Substrate filler for strengthening constructed wetland dephosphorization by utilizing wetland plant reinvigoration flowers and method |
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| JPH1015586A (en) * | 1996-07-08 | 1998-01-20 | Asuka Kisen Kk | Water purifying method |
| CN101767911A (en) * | 2010-01-21 | 2010-07-07 | 同济大学 | Method and device for strengthening treatment of slope interception |
| CN101824811A (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2010-09-08 | 河海大学 | Multi-stage water power aerobic ecological wetland type slope protection device |
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