CN105481029B - It is a kind of to be used for the method and device that various heavy and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon collaboration remove in runoff rainwater - Google Patents
It is a kind of to be used for the method and device that various heavy and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon collaboration remove in runoff rainwater Download PDFInfo
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- CN105481029B CN105481029B CN201510920866.9A CN201510920866A CN105481029B CN 105481029 B CN105481029 B CN 105481029B CN 201510920866 A CN201510920866 A CN 201510920866A CN 105481029 B CN105481029 B CN 105481029B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
- C02F1/705—Reduction by metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
- C02F2101/327—Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons [PAH's]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
It is used for the method and device that various heavy and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon collaboration remove in runoff rainwater the present invention relates to a kind of.The method removed for various heavy in runoff rainwater and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon collaboration uses filler, and the filler includes Zero-valent Iron layers of balls.There is provided this novel-section bed of material of zeroth order iron ball for the method for the present invention, the characteristics such as the bigger serface using zeroth order iron ball, and cooperated with sand bed, wood chip layer, float stone layer and granule rock layers, synergy, the removal effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and heavy metal has been significantly greatly increased, treatment effeciency is improved, solves traditional filtrate（Natural sand, sandstone, gravel etc.）The problem of removal ability of heavy metal differs greatly not as good as Conventional pollution and different metal clearance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sewage treatment area, is related to a kind of for various heavy in runoff rainwater and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon collaboration
The method and device of removal.
Background technology
Urban pavement have accumulated a large amount of pollutions due to seepage of motor vehicle exhaust emission, tire and road wear and grease etc.
Thing, mainly including COD, TN, TP, heavy metal, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs), nutritive salt etc..Because the height of urban road is waterproof
Property, these polluters rainfall runoff can dissolve, wash away and by municipal drainage pipe caused by road surface during rainfall
Net migrates into water body, and the water quality of receiving water body is damaged.In addition, Runoff contaminants flow down with footpath oozes meeting product in soil
It is tired, threat is polluted to soil even underground water, runoff pollution situation serious at present is oozed to being rained in sponge urban construction
Water water quality proposes challenge.Therefore, pollutant (especially persistence, refractory organicses in runoff are handled by strengthening stormwater facility
Pollutant) ability, the safety of rainwater is oozed under guarantee, the construction for Application of Urban Rain Water and sponge city has important meaning
Justice.
Heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) are the important persistent pollutants of two classes in runoff rainwater, both at home and abroad to runoff
Heavy metal research in rainwater finds that urban road runoff heavy metal burden accounts for the 35%-75% of water body gross contamination load.
Research shows that Pb, Cu, Zn initial rainfall runoff content of Beijing City road exceed surface water V class standards, Shanghai City road surface
There is also weight for runoff rainwater containing ground such as heavy metal, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Xi'an such as more Pb, Zn, Mn, Cd in runoff rainwater
The pollution of rnetal contamination problem, wherein Pb is the most obvious, and the Pb average qualities concentration level of domestic city runoff is 0.14mgL-1。
The geometric mean of the PAHs dissolving phase total concentrations of l6 kind priority acccess controls is in the rainwash of 6 rainfalls of areas of Beijing traffic route
0.485 μ g/L, the geometric mean of particle phase total concentration is 3.872 μ g/L.The runoff rainwater Σ 16PAHs mass concentrations in Shanghai City
Excursion is 317.21~10364.32ng/L.Due to the sudden and impact of rainfall so that urban runoff pollution to by
Receive water body pollution it is more prominent, with the quickening of urbanization process and the rapid increase of car owning amount, in runoff rainwater
Heavy metal and PAHs pollution problems will be protruded more.There is scholar to point out that heavy metal and PAHs often coexist in environment both at home and abroad simultaneously
In medium, wherein both combined pollution effect reports of relevant soil, river lake and its bed mud are more, it is found that heavy metal and PAHs lead to
Crossing synergy has the harm of combined pollution to environment.
The low exploitation storm-water system that influences mainly includes permeable pavement, biology delay band, Rain Garden, Glassed swale etc., main
To be formed by covering vegetation, filler etc..Packing layer or filter layer are the important composition units of purified treatment pollutant, are generally selected
Natural sand, sandstone, gravel, clinker etc., certain altitude is laid in systems according to certain combination, by the retention of packing medium,
Absorption, diafiltration synergy remove pollutant.Also there is research to point out that the low exploitation rainwater treatment facility heavy metal that influences has at present
There is certain absorption purifying effect, but the removal ability of heavy metal is not as good as Conventional pollution on the whole, and clearance is in 30%-
Between 80%, different metal clearance differs greatly.Also, traditional dmp filter and section dirty packing medium heavy metal pollution
The removal interception capacity of thing is limited, adsorption saturation site is low, easy saturation；The accumulation of partial adsorbates catching heavy metal reaches to a certain degree
Afterwards, the growth of vegetation can be suppressed, soil bacterial diversity is concurrently given birth to, risk is polluted to soil and groundwater；And low influence exploitation rain
Research of the drainage facility to PAHs is then rarely reported, and more lacks further investigated and research.
The content of the invention
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of for various heavy and more cyclophanes in runoff rainwater
The method and device that hydrocarbon collaboration removes, this method is using zeroth order iron ball, sand, wood chip, float stone, bird's-eye gravel etc. as filler, by not
With the mutual cooperation between filler, with reference to processes such as retention, absorption, redox and catalysis reduction, establish a kind of synchronous high-efficiency and go
Except the new method of mixture-metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in runoff rainwater, application technology is provided for runoff rainwater purification.
The invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of to be used for the method that various heavy and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon collaboration remove in runoff rainwater, methods described use is filled out
Material, the filler include Zero-valent Iron layers of balls.
Zero-valent Iron layers of balls is the main removal layer of thing of depolluting.Pass through the absorption of Zero-valent Iron, redox and catalysis reduction
Deng effect, most of heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon are removed.Zeroth order iron ball can synchronously remove various heavy and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.Zeroth order
The setting of this novel-section bed of material of iron ball, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and heavy metal is significantly greatly increased using the bigger serface of Zero-valent Iron iron ball
Removal effect, improve treatment effeciency.Solves the removal energy of traditional filtrate (natural sand, sandstone, gravel etc.) heavy metal
The problem of power differs greatly not as good as Conventional pollution and different metal clearance.
Preferably, the filler also includes sand bed, wood chip layer, float stone layer and granule rock layers, enters according to runoff rainwater
Direction be followed successively by the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, the sand bed, the wood chip layer, the float stone layer and the granule rock layers.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, the sand bed, the wood chip layer, the float stone
The thickness ratio of layer and the granule rock layers is 1:2~3:1~1.5:5~7:5~7.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, the sand bed, the wood chip layer, the float stone
The thickness ratio of layer and the granule rock layers is 1:2.5:1:6:6.
Each layer thickness range why according to aforementioned proportion restriction, be the processing because Zero-valent Iron layers of balls treatment effeciency is high
Effect is good, therefore blocked up need not can meet processing requirement, blocked up to cause waste of material to cost to raise；Sand bed main purpose is
Retention remove pollutant, treatment effeciency not as good as zeroth order iron ball, therefore by sand bed set it is a little compared with iron ball thickness, it can be ensured that water outlet imitate
Fruit；Wood chip layer, which plays to remove pollutant and provide follow-up Institute of Micro-biology, needs carbon source, and research shows that adding wood chip on a small quantity can reach
Effect；Float stone layer and granule rock layers act as retention and microorganism attachment place, because microorganism needs the long period can
Stable biofilm, by this two layers of enlarged in thickness, it can be ensured that more microorganisms are attached to this, are improved in a manner of increase attachment place
Microbial biomass.Meanwhile this two layers last link for device, increase thickness can ensure that more preferable rejection effect, Jin Erbao
Card device entirety outlet effect.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the filtrate of the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls includes zeroth order iron ball, the Zero-valent Iron
Bulb diameter is 6-10 ± 0.5mm.
The undersized of zeroth order iron ball is not easy to be paved with influence pollutant removal, and oversized then specific surface area reduces,
Influence the treatment effeciency of iron ball.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, preparing the raw material of the zeroth order iron ball includes nano zero-valence iron powder, described
A diameter of 336~337nm of nano zero-valence iron powder, preferably 336.6nm.
The principle active component of the zeroth order iron ball is nano zero-valence iron powder, and nano zero valence iron can synchronously remove an a variety of huge sum of moneys
Category and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.Using the redox of nano zero-valence iron powder, the characteristic such as catalysis reduction, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and again is significantly greatly increased
The removal effect of metal, improves treatment effeciency.Zeroth order iron ball is by nano zero-valence iron powder, ground pumice and PVA according to certain ratio
Example method is prepared.It is prepared by the method that the zeroth order iron ball used in the present invention can refer to disclosed in CN104827049A.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the filtrate of the sand bed include husky, zeolite and one kind in quartz sand or
It is several, it is preferably sand.
Heavy metal contaminants that sand bed can remove residual, being attached to suspended particulate surface, removal can be trapped.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the sand crosses 100 mesh sieves.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the filtrate of the wood chip layer includes cypress wood chip, pine tree wood chip and willow
One or more in wood chip.
The wood chip layer can remove heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in runoff, and additional carbon can be used as to add again and oozed
Filter system provides Institute of Micro-biology and needed.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the filtrate of the float stone layer includes float stone, the float stone it is a diameter of
1.5-2.5±0.5cm。
Float stone is a kind of volcanic rock filtrate, big with aperture, pollution-free, the advantage such as cheap.Bio-carrier can be used as
Biofilm is realized, while certain crown_interception can be played to pollutant.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the filtrates of the granule rock layers includes bird's-eye gravel, the bird's-eye gravel it is straight
Footpath is 1-2 ± 0.5cm.When bird's-eye gravel is in irregular shape, remembered with longest edge.
The setting of granule rock layers can be achieved to retain and provide more rich microbial biomass again to pollutant, ensure
Water effect.
Wherein microorganism is progressively adhered in float stone layer and granule rock layers by gradually being brought into external rainwater in system, is raw
Long, biofilm, stable, longtime running can form microbe treatment system, beneficial to the heavy metal that removes in rainwater in runoff and polycyclic
Aromatic hydrocarbons.
Wood chip layer, float stone layer and granule rock layers are further combined, and can further be retained while remove pollutant, can
Microorganism growing environment is provided, after long-play, biomembrane can be formed, is further strengthened to a huge sum of money by the effect of microorganism
The removal of category and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.Microbiological treatment of the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls after bird's-eye gravel biofilm is combined, and is ensureing outlet effect
While, it is not necessary to frequently change filler and cost is low.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, divided into the granule rock layers and put supporting layer.
The effect of supporting layer is that filterins media run-off can be prevented in water filtration, can also be risen certain uniform in backwash
Water distribution paving helps effect.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the filtrate of the supporting layer includes cobble, the cobble it is a diameter of
2.5-3.5±0.5cm。
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls and the thickness ratio of the supporting layer are 1:1~3.
Preferably 1:2.5.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, each interlayer sets permeable interlayer.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the permeable interlayer is geotextiles.
Separated between each layer filler by geotextiles to ensure that each layer filler will not be mutually mixed.
The present invention also provides a kind of for various heavy in runoff rainwater and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon collaboration removal device, the dress
Tree pool device is set to, the tree pool device includes filler chamber, sets filler in the filler chamber, the filler includes the zeroth order
Iron ball layer.
The setting of this novel-section bed of material of zeroth order iron ball, using characteristics such as the bigger serfaces of Zero-valent Iron iron ball, greatly increase
Add the removal effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and heavy metal, improve the treatment effeciency of device.
In such scheme preferably, the filler also includes sand bed, wood chip layer, float stone layer and granule rock layers, according to
The direction that runoff rainwater enters is followed successively by the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, the sand bed, the wood chip layer, the float stone layer and described thin
Gravel layer.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the top of the tree pool device sets water inlet, in the tree pool device
Bottom set discharge outlet.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the tree pool device also includes longitudinally disposed dividing plate, and the dividing plate exists
The inside of the tree pool device is divided into the filler chamber and overflow chamber by horizontal direction, and the overflow chamber is arranged on the water inlet
The lower section of mouth, overfall is provided with the top of the dividing plate, and the runoff rainwater enters the overflow chamber by the water inlet,
The filler chamber is entered by the overfall again.Rainwater initially enters the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls after entering filler chamber.
Distance of the overfall at the top of the dividing plate can be 5cm.Overflow chamber is to be arranged in tree pond casing
Booth structure, i.e., add a longitudinal baffle in casing, casing is divided into overflow chamber and filler chamber's two parts, at the top of dividing plate
5cm just has a horizontal overfall.Rainwater enters overflow chamber part by water inlet first so that and water level rises steadily in overflow chamber,
When the water surface rises to overflow groove height, water is uniformly flowed out in filler chamber from overfall.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, water distributor is set in the filler chamber, water distribution is set on the water distributor
Water inlet tube mouth, the water distributor water inlet is corresponding with the water inlet of the filler chamber, and also setting up water distributor on the water distributor goes out
The mouth of a river, the runoff rainwater enters the water distributor by the water distributor water inlet, then passes through the water distributor delivery port cloth
Spill in the filler chamber.Rainwater initially enters the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls after entering filler chamber.
Water distributor is located at the top of device, is spilt by top cloth, runoff rainwater contacts Zero-valent Iron layers of balls first, then under successively
Contact other fillers.
Therefore, the water intake mode of apparatus of the present invention can be divided into two kinds.Mode one：Water inlet flows into overflow chamber first, works as overflow
When the indoor water surface reach a certain height, uniformly flowed out by overfall, into filler chamber.Mode two：Water inlet flows into cloth by water inlet
Water pipe, filler chamber is spilled into by equally distributed apopore cloth on water distributor.The setting of overflow chamber and overfall can make into water
Water distribution is uniform, ensures that water inlet fully contacts with packing layer, it is ensured that effluent characteristics.The setting of water distributor, may be such that compared with low flow velocity
Under (i.e. overfall Water discharge flow speed is too low it cannot be guaranteed that when water distribution is uniform), can still keep water distribution uniformity, making can into water and packing layer
To completely attach to.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, the sand bed, the wood chip layer, the float stone
The thickness ratio of layer and the granule rock layers is 1:2~3:1~1.5:5~7:5~7.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, the sand bed, the wood chip layer, the float stone
The thickness ratio of layer and the granule rock layers is 1:2.5:1:6:6.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the filtrate of the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls includes zeroth order iron ball, the Zero-valent Iron
Bulb diameter is 6-10 ± 0.5mm.
The undersized of zeroth order iron ball is not easy to be paved with influence pollutant removal, and oversized then specific surface area reduces,
Influence the treatment effeciency of iron ball.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, preparing the raw material of the zeroth order iron ball includes nano zero-valence iron powder, described
A diameter of 336~337nm of nano zero-valence iron powder, preferably 336.6nm.
Nano zero valence iron can synchronously remove various heavy and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.The principle active component of zeroth order iron ball is nanometer
Zeroth order iron powder, using the redox of nano zero-valence iron powder, the characteristic such as catalysis reduction, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and heavy metal is significantly greatly increased
Removal effect, improve the treatment effeciency of device.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the filtrate of the sand bed include husky, zeolite and one kind in quartz sand or
It is several, it is preferably sand.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the sand crosses 100 mesh sieves.
Heavy metal contaminants that sand bed can remove residual, being attached to suspended particulate surface, removal can be trapped.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the filtrate of the wood chip layer includes cypress wood chip, pine tree wood chip and willow
One or more in wood chip.
The wood chip layer can remove heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in runoff, and additional carbon can be used as to add again and oozed
Filter system provides Institute of Micro-biology and needed.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the filtrate of the float stone layer includes float stone, the float stone it is a diameter of
1.5-2.5±0.5cm。
Float stone is a kind of volcanic rock filtrate, big with aperture, pollution-free, the advantage such as cheap.Bio-carrier can be used as
Biofilm is realized, while certain crown_interception can be played to pollutant.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the filtrate of the granule rock layers includes bird's-eye gravel, the bird's-eye gravel diameter
For 1-2 ± 0.5cm.When bird's-eye gravel is in irregular shape, remembered with longest edge.
The setting of granule rock layers can be achieved to retain and provide more rich microbial biomass again to pollutant, ensure
Water effect.The microorganism is progressively adhered in float stone layer and granule rock layers by gradually being brought into external rainwater in system, is raw
Long, biofilm, stable, longtime running can form microbe treatment system, beneficial to the heavy metal that removes in rainwater in runoff and polycyclic
Aromatic hydrocarbons.
Wood chip layer, float stone layer and granule rock layers are further combined, and can further be retained while remove pollutant, can
Microorganism growing environment is provided, after long-play, biomembrane can be formed, is further strengthened to a huge sum of money by the effect of microorganism
The removal of category and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.Microbiological treatment of the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls after bird's-eye gravel biofilm is combined, and is ensureing outlet effect
While, it is not necessary to frequently change filler and cost is low.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, each interlayer sets permeable interlayer.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the permeable interlayer is geotextiles.
Separated between each layer filler by geotextiles to ensure that each layer filler will not be mutually mixed.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, supporting layer is set in the granule rock layers bottom.
The effect of supporting layer is that filterins media run-off can be prevented in water filtration, be able to can also be risen certain equal in backwash
Even water distribution paving helps effect.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the filtrate of the supporting layer includes cobble, the cobble it is a diameter of
2.5-3.5±0.5cm.When cobble is in irregular shape, remembered with longest edge.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls and the thickness ratio of the supporting layer are 1:1~3.
Preferably 1:2.5.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, demarcation strip is set between the granule rock layers and the supporting layer.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the discharge outlet of the filler chamber is corresponding with the supporting layer, after filtering
Rainwater flow through the supporting layer, from the discharge outlet discharge.
In any of the above-described scheme preferably, the tree pool device connects cistern by water pipe, is set on the water pipe
Flowmeter is put, the water pipe connects with water pump.The water pump can be small pump.
Runoff rainwater in cistern is pumped into tree pool device using small pump and corresponding connecting water pipe, passes through regulation
Flowmeter controls flow of inlet water.
The method of the present invention utilizes bigger serface of Zero-valent Iron iron ball etc. there is provided this novel-section bed of material of zeroth order iron ball
Characteristic, and with sand bed, wood chip layer, float stone layer and granule rock layers cooperate, synergy, be significantly greatly increased polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and
The removal effect of heavy metal, improves treatment effeciency.Solves traditional filtrate (natural sand, sandstone, gravel etc.) heavy metal
The problem of removal ability differs greatly not as good as Conventional pollution and different metal clearance.The laying of sand bed and gravel layer, can
Pollutant is further removed by retaining.Gravel layer can provide microorganism growing environment, plant running for a period of time after, can shape
Into biomembrane, further strengthen the removal to pollutant, ensure outlet effect.Nano zero valence iron layers of balls and sand bed, wood chip layer, float
Rock layers, gravel layer cooperate, and by absorption, retention, redox, catalysis reduction, co-precipitation and microbial degradation etc. are a variety of
Removing method, by heavy metal it is synchronous with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and efficiently remove.This method can be applied to Shu Chi, Rain Garden, rainwater mistake
In a variety of rainwater treatment facilities such as filter tank, rain penetration pond, have wide range of applications.Under the conditions of different water inlet flow velocitys, a huge sum of money
Category and the removal effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon can be slightly different, but also can major part removal.
A variety of water inlets can be set in addition to the effect due to implementing the above method and bringing in device of the present invention
Mode.The setting of overflow chamber and overfall can make it is uniform into water water distribution, ensure water inlet fully contacted with packing layer, it is ensured that water outlet
Quality.The setting of water distributor, may be such that compared with low flow velocity (such as overfall Water discharge flow speed it is too low it cannot be guaranteed that water distribution it is uniform when),
Water distribution uniformity can be still kept, allows to completely attach into water and packing layer.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of device for being used for various heavy and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in runoff rainwater and cooperateing with removal according to the present invention
A preferred embodiment structural representation；
Fig. 2 is structural representation when overflow chamber is set in embodiment illustrated in fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is structural representation when dividing plate is set in embodiment illustrated in fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is structural representation when cistern is connected in embodiment illustrated in fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is structural representation when water distributor is set in embodiment illustrated in fig. 1.
Embodiment
In order to further appreciate that the technical characteristic of the present invention, the present invention is explained in detail with reference to specific embodiment
State.Embodiment only to the present invention have the function that it is exemplary, without the effect of any restrictions, those skilled in the art
The modification for any unsubstantiality made on the basis of the present invention, should all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Zeroth order iron ball is by nano zero-valence iron powder in embodiment, and method is prepared according to a certain percentage by ground pumice and PVA,
It can refer to the method disclosed in CN104827049A to prepare, method disclosed in preferred embodiment 1.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of to be used for the method that various heavy and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon collaboration remove in runoff rainwater, methods described use is filled out
Material, the filler include Zero-valent Iron layers of balls.
Zero-valent Iron layers of balls is the main removal layer of thing of depolluting.Pass through the absorption of Zero-valent Iron, redox and catalysis reduction
Deng effect, most of heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon are removed.Zeroth order iron ball can synchronously remove various heavy and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.Zeroth order
The setting of this novel-section bed of material of iron ball, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and heavy metal is significantly greatly increased using the bigger serface of Zero-valent Iron iron ball
Removal effect, improve treatment effeciency.Solves the removal energy of traditional filtrate (natural sand, sandstone, gravel etc.) heavy metal
The problem of power differs greatly not as good as Conventional pollution and different metal clearance.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of to be used for the method that various heavy and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon collaboration remove in runoff rainwater, methods described use is filled out
Material, the filler include Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, and the filler also includes sand bed, wood chip layer, float stone layer and granule rock layers, according to runoff
The direction that rainwater enters is followed successively by the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, the sand bed, the wood chip layer, the float stone layer and the bird's-eye gravel
Layer.
The Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, the sand bed, the wood chip layer, the thickness ratio of the float stone layer and the granule rock layers are
1:2.5:1:6:6。
The filtrate of the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls includes zeroth order iron ball, and the Zero-valent Iron bulb diameter is 6-10 ± 0.5mm.
Preparing the raw material of the zeroth order iron ball is included by nano zero-valence iron powder, the nano zero-valence iron powder it is a diameter of
336.6nm。
The principle active component of the zeroth order iron ball is nano zero-valence iron powder, and nano zero valence iron can synchronously remove an a variety of huge sum of moneys
Category and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.Using the redox of nano zero-valence iron powder, the characteristic such as catalysis reduction, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and again is significantly greatly increased
The removal effect of metal, improves treatment effeciency.
The filtrate of the sand bed includes sand.
Heavy metal contaminants that sand bed can remove residual, being attached to suspended particulate surface, removal can be trapped.
The sand crosses 100 mesh sieves.
The filtrate of the wood chip layer includes the one or more in cypress wood chip, pine tree wood chip and willow wood chip.
The wood chip layer can remove heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in runoff, and additional carbon can be used as to add again and oozed
Filter system provides Institute of Micro-biology and needed.
The filtrate of the float stone layer includes float stone, a diameter of 1.5-2.5 ± 0.5cm of the float stone.
Float stone is a kind of volcanic rock filtrate, big with aperture, pollution-free, the advantage such as cheap.Bio-carrier can be used as
Biofilm is realized, while certain crown_interception can be played to pollutant.
The filtrate of the granule rock layers includes bird's-eye gravel, a diameter of 1-2 ± 0.5cm of the bird's-eye gravel.Bird's-eye gravel shape
When irregular, remembered with longest edge.
The setting of granule rock layers can be achieved to retain and provide more rich microbial biomass again to pollutant, ensure
Water effect.
Wood chip layer, float stone layer and granule rock layers are further combined, and can further be retained while remove pollutant, can
Microorganism growing environment is provided, after long-play, biomembrane can be formed, is further strengthened to a huge sum of money by the effect of microorganism
The removal of category and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.Microbiological treatment of the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls after bird's-eye gravel biofilm is combined, and is ensureing outlet effect
While, it is not necessary to frequently change filler and cost is low.
Divided into the granule rock layers and put supporting layer.
The effect of supporting layer is that filterins media run-off can be prevented in water filtration, can also be risen certain uniform in backwash
Water distribution paving helps effect.
The filtrate of the supporting layer includes cobble, a diameter of 2.5-3.5 ± 0.5cm of the cobble.
The Zero-valent Iron layers of balls and the thickness ratio of the supporting layer are 1:2.5.
Each interlayer sets permeable interlayer.
The permeable interlayer is geotextiles.
Separated between each layer filler by geotextiles to ensure that each layer filler will not be mutually mixed.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment differs only in embodiment 2：
The Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, the sand bed, the wood chip layer, the thickness ratio of the float stone layer and the granule rock layers are
1:2:1:5:5。
Preparing the raw material of the zeroth order iron ball is included by nano zero-valence iron powder, the nano zero-valence iron powder it is a diameter of
336nm。
The filtrate of the sand bed includes zeolite.
The Zero-valent Iron layers of balls and the thickness ratio of the supporting layer are 1:1.
Embodiment 4：
The present embodiment differs only in embodiment 2：
The Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, the sand bed, the wood chip layer, the thickness ratio of the float stone layer and the granule rock layers are
1:3:1.5:7:7。
Preparing the raw material of the zeroth order iron ball is included by nano zero-valence iron powder, the nano zero-valence iron powder it is a diameter of
337nm。
The filtrate of the sand bed includes quartz sand.
The Zero-valent Iron layers of balls and the thickness ratio of the supporting layer are 1:3.
Embodiment 5：
It is a kind of to be used for the device of various heavy and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon collaboration minimizing technology in runoff rainwater shown in Fig. 1 to 4,
Described device is tree pool device, and the tree pool device includes filler chamber 18, and filler, the filler bag are set in the filler chamber 18
Include Zero-valent Iron layers of balls 11.
Further, the filler also includes sand bed 7, wood chip layer 8, float stone layer 9 and granule rock layers 10, according to runoff rainwater
The direction of entrance is followed successively by Zero-valent Iron layers of balls 11, sand bed 7, wood chip layer 8, float stone layer 9 and granule rock layers 10.
Further, the top of the tree pool device sets water inlet 15, and row is set in the bottom of the tree pool device
The mouth of a river 14.
Further, the tree pool device also includes longitudinally disposed dividing plate 22, and the dividing plate 22 in the horizontal direction will
The inside of the tree pool device is divided into the filler chamber 18 and overflow chamber 16, and the overflow chamber 16 is arranged on the water inlet 15
Lower section, be provided with overfall 17 on the top of the dividing plate 22, the runoff rainwater enters described overflow by the water inlet 15
Flow chamber 16, then the filler chamber 18 is entered by the overfall 17.The zeroth order is initially entered into the filler chamber 18
Iron ball layer 11.
Further, the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls 11, the sand bed 7, the wood chip layer 8, the float stone layer 9 and described thin
The thickness ratio of gravel layer 10 is 1:2~3:1~1.5:5~7:5~7, preferably 1:2.5:1:6:6.
Further, the filtrate of the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls 11 includes zeroth order iron ball, and the Zero-valent Iron bulb diameter is 6-10
±0.5mm。
Further, preparing the raw material of the zeroth order iron ball includes nano zero-valence iron powder, the nano zero-valence iron powder
A diameter of 336~337nm, preferably 336.6nm.
Further, the filtrate of the sand bed 7 includes the one or more in husky, zeolite and quartz sand, is preferably sand.
Further, the sand crosses 100 mesh sieves.
Further, the filtrate of the wood chip layer 8 include cypress wood chip, pine tree wood chip and one kind in willow wood chip or
It is several.
Further, the filtrate of the float stone layer 9 includes float stone, a diameter of 1.5-2.5 ± 0.5cm of the float stone.
Further, the filtrate of the granule rock layers 10 includes bird's-eye gravel, and the bird's-eye gravel diameter is in 1-2 ± 0.5cm.
When bird's-eye gravel is in irregular shape, remembered with longest edge.
Further, each interlayer sets permeable interlayer 21.
Further, the permeable interlayer is geotextiles.
Further, supporting layer 13 is set in the cobble rock layers bottom.
Further, the filtrate of the supporting layer includes cobble, a diameter of 2.5-3.5 ± 0.5cm of the cobble.Ovum
When stone is in irregular shape, remembered with longest edge.
Further, the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls and the thickness ratio of the supporting layer are 1:1~3.
Further, demarcation strip 12 is set between the granule rock layers 10 and the supporting layer 13.
Further, the discharge outlet 14 of the filler chamber is corresponding with the supporting layer 13, and the rainwater after filtering flows through
The supporting layer 13, discharge from the discharge outlet 14.
Further, the tree pool device connects cistern by water pipe 6, and flowmeter 5, institute are set on the water pipe 6
Water pipe 6 is stated to connect with water pump 4.The water pump 4 can be small pump (as shown in Figure 4).
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 5 are entered to be：It is not provided with overflow chamber, water distribution being set in the filler chamber 18
Pipe 20, water distributor water inlet, the water distributor water inlet and the water inlet 15 of the filler chamber 18 are set on the water distributor 20
It is corresponding, water distributor delivery port 19 is also set up on the water distributor 20, the runoff rainwater is entered by the water distributor water inlet
The water distributor 20, then spill after entering filler chamber first to enter in the filler chamber, rainwater by the cloth of water distributor delivery port 19
Enter the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls (as shown in Figure 5).
Embodiment 7
Volume be 200L cistern in add the mixed pollutants containing Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cu, phenanthrene and pyrene, adjust into
Water flow velocity is 5L/h.Device is continuously run 5 days.Experiment uses minimal tree pond experimental provision, the size 50 (length) * 50 of device
(width) * 50 (height) cm, the different fillers dosed according to the various combinations of table one, depth of packing is between 2-33cm, support thickness
Spend 5cm.Filler is respectively from the bottom to top 12cm granules rock layers (filler diameter 1-2 ± 0.5cm) in device, and 12cm float stone layers (are filled out
Expect diameter 1.5-2.5 ± 0.5cm), 2cm wood chip layers, 5cm fine sands (cross 100 mesh sieves), and Zero-valent Iron layers of balls (about 2cm, 260g)
Separated between different fillers with geotextiles.Supporting layer is cobble (filler diameter 2.5-3.5 ± 0.5cm), lays and separates on supporting layer
Plate.Combined sewage constant current in cistern is pumped into device by the operation of tree pond using small pump, by being handled in filter layer, by filling
Put lower end discharge outlet discharge.Water analysis uses atomic absorption spectrophotometry.Plant running uses continuum micromeehanics mode.
After operation 5 days, experimental result (being shown in Table two) shows, in 9 kinds of examples listed by table one, when all fillers all load
When, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon clearance highest in 5 heavy metal species and 2, and higher than the summation (group of clearance when various fillers are used alone
1 is closed higher than combination 6+7+8+9).Any filler is removed, then removal effect is decreased obviously, and (it is high 1 is combined not as good as optimum combination
In combination 2,3,4,5).Supplied if removing sand bed with other layers, removing effect is bad and causes operating cost to rise.If remove
Wood chip layer is supplied with other layers, causes follow-up microorganism removal effect to reduce.Float stone layer is removed to be supplied with other with granule rock layers,
Then lose the effect of microorganism removal.
Filler in the device of table one (√ to have loaded, × for do not load)
| Zeroth order iron ball | Sand bed | Wood chip layer | Float stone layer | Granule rock layers | |
| 1 | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ |
| 2 | × | √[1] | √ | √ | √ |
| 3 | √[2] | × | √ | √ | √ |
| 4 | √ | √[3] | × | √ | √ |
| 5 | √ | √[4] | √ | × | × |
| 6 | √ | × | × | × | × |
| 7 | × | √ | × | × | × |
| 8 | × | × | √ | × | × |
| 9 | × | × | × | √ | √ |
Wherein：[1] float stone thickness degree increase 2cm, to supply Zero-valent Iron layers of balls；[2] Zero-valent Iron layers of balls thickness increase 5cm,
To supply sand bed；[3] float stone thickness degree increase 2cm, to supply wood chip layer；[4] burial depth increase 24cm, to supply float stone layer
With granule rock layers.
The related device removal effect of table two
One group of experiment is further added by addition, and it is respectively 2cm wood chip layers from the bottom to top that the order of each packing layer, which is changed to, and 5cm is thin
Husky (crossing 100 mesh sieves), 12cm granules rock layers (filler diameter 1-2 ± 0.5cm), 12cm float stones layer (filler diameter 1.5-2.5 ±
0.5cm) and Zero-valent Iron layers of balls (about 2cm, 260g), separated between different fillers with geotextiles, other conditions are constant.According to above-mentioned
After method operation, measure has Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cu, phenanthrene and pyrene removal effect to be below combination 1, and therefore, combinations thereof 1 is respectively filled out
The order of the bed of material can make to realize that removal effect is optimal.
Claims (32)
1. a kind of be used for the method that various heavy and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon collaboration remove in runoff rainwater, methods described uses filler,
It is characterized in that：The filler includes Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, and the filler also includes sand bed, wood chip layer, float stone layer and granule rock layers,
The direction entered according to runoff rainwater is followed successively by the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, the sand bed, the wood chip layer, the float stone layer and institute
State granule rock layers, the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, the sand bed, the wood chip layer, the thickness of the float stone layer and the granule rock layers
Than for 1:2~3:1~1.5:5~7:5~7, each interlayer sets permeable interlayer.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, the sand bed, the wood chip layer,
The thickness ratio of the float stone layer and the granule rock layers is 1: 2.5:1:6:6.
3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：The filtrate of the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls includes zeroth order iron ball, institute
State the mm of a diameter of 6-10 ± 0.5 of zeroth order iron ball.
4. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that：Preparing the raw material of the zeroth order iron ball includes nano zero valence iron
Powder, a diameter of 336~337nm of the nano zero-valence iron powder.
5. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：The filtrate of the sand bed is included in husky, zeolite and quartz sand
One or more.
6. according to the method for claim 5, it is characterised in that：The sand crosses 100 mesh sieves.
7. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：The filtrate of the wood chip layer includes cypress wood chip, pine tree wood
One or more in bits and willow wood chip.
8. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：The filtrate of the float stone layer includes float stone, the float stone
The cm of a diameter of 1.5-2.5 ± 0.5.
9. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：The filtrate of the granule rock layers includes bird's-eye gravel, described thin
The cm of a diameter of 1-2 ± 0.5 of gravel.
10. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：Divided into the granule rock layers and put supporting layer.
11. according to the method for claim 10, it is characterised in that：The filtrate of the supporting layer includes cobble, the cobble
A diameter of 2.5-3.5 ± 0.5cm.
12. according to the method for claim 11, it is characterised in that：The Zero-valent Iron layers of balls and the thickness ratio of the supporting layer
For 1:1~3.
13. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：The permeable interlayer is geotextiles.
14. a kind of device for implementing claim 1 methods described, described device is tree pool device, it is characterised in that：The tree pond
Device includes filler chamber, and filler is set in the filler chamber, and the filler includes the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, and filler also includes sand
Layer, wood chip layer, float stone layer and granule rock layers, the direction entered according to runoff rainwater are followed successively by the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, the sand
Layer, the wood chip layer, the float stone layer and the granule rock layers, the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, the sand bed, the wood chip layer, institute
The thickness ratio for stating float stone layer and the granule rock layers is 1:2~3:1~1.5:5~7:5~7, each interlayer set it is permeable every
Layer.
15. device according to claim 14, it is characterised in that：The top of the tree pool device sets water inlet, in institute
The bottom for stating tree pool device sets discharge outlet.
16. device according to claim 15, it is characterised in that：The tree pool device also includes longitudinally disposed dividing plate,
The inside of the tree pool device is divided into the filler chamber and overflow chamber by the dividing plate in the horizontal direction, and the overflow chamber is set
In the lower section of the water inlet, overfall is provided with the top of the dividing plate, the runoff rainwater is entered by the water inlet
The overflow chamber, then the filler chamber is entered by the overfall.
17. device according to claim 15, it is characterised in that：Water distributor, the water distributor are set in the filler chamber
Upper setting water distributor water inlet, the water distributor water inlet is corresponding with the water inlet of the filler chamber, is also set on the water distributor
Water distributor delivery port is put, the runoff rainwater enters the water distributor by the water distributor water inlet, then passes through the water distribution
Pipe delivery port cloth is spilt in the filler chamber.
18. device according to claim 14, it is characterised in that：The Zero-valent Iron layers of balls, the sand bed, the wood chip
The thickness ratio of layer, the float stone layer and the granule rock layers is 1: 2.5:1:6:6.
19. the device according to any one of claim 14 to 17, it is characterised in that：The filtrate bag of the Zero-valent Iron layers of balls
Include zeroth order iron ball, the mm of a diameter of 6-10 ± 0.5 of the zeroth order iron ball.
20. device according to claim 19, it is characterised in that：Preparing the raw material of the zeroth order iron ball includes nano zero-valence
Iron powder, a diameter of 336~337nm of the nano zero-valence iron powder.
21. device according to claim 14, it is characterised in that：The filtrate of the sand bed includes husky, zeolite and quartz sand
In one or more.
22. device according to claim 21, it is characterised in that：The sand crosses 100 mesh sieves.
23. device according to claim 14, it is characterised in that：The filtrate of the wood chip layer includes cypress wood chip, pine tree
One or more in wood chip and willow wood chip.
24. device according to claim 14, it is characterised in that：The filtrate of the float stone layer includes float stone, the float stone
The cm of a diameter of 1.5-2.5 ± 0.5.
25. device according to claim 14, it is characterised in that：The filtrate of the granule rock layers includes bird's-eye gravel, described
The cm of a diameter of 1-2 of bird's-eye gravel ± 0.5.
26. device according to claim 14, it is characterised in that：The permeable interlayer is geotextiles.
27. the device according to any one of claim 15 to 17, it is characterised in that：Set in the granule rock layers bottom
Supporting layer.
28. device according to claim 27, it is characterised in that：The filtrate of the supporting layer includes cobble, the cobble
A diameter of 2.5-3.5 ± 0.5cm.
29. device according to claim 28, it is characterised in that：The Zero-valent Iron layers of balls and the thickness ratio of the supporting layer
For 1:1~3.
30. device according to claim 27, it is characterised in that：Set and divide between the granule rock layers and the supporting layer
Dividing plate.
31. device according to claim 27, it is characterised in that：The discharge outlet of the filler chamber is relative with the supporting layer
Should, the rainwater after filtering flows through the supporting layer, discharged from the discharge outlet.
32. device according to claim 14, it is characterised in that：The tree pool device connects cistern, institute by water pipe
State and flowmeter is set on water pipe, the water pipe connects with water pump.
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| CN106759824A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-05-31 | 徐冉云 | A kind of tree pond for purifying storage rainwater |
| CN107235561B (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2020-01-07 | 南京大学 | Permeable reaction wall composite material for groundwater polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution remediation and preparation method thereof |
| CN107803097A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-03-16 | 厦门嘉烨兴农业科技有限公司 | A kind of emission-control equipment and method based on pig raising waste thing recycle utilization |
| CN108097207B (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2021-05-04 | 北京建筑大学 | Percolation material for synergistically removing heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, preparation and application |
| CN108342935B (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2021-03-30 | 广东工业大学 | Composition, preparation method and application of composition in roadbed isolation layer |
| CN109231409B (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2024-01-19 | 哈尔滨泽能环保科技有限公司 | Upward flow zero-valent iron filtering reactor and filtering system for removing trace concentration heavy metals in water |
| CN115818823A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-03-21 | 北京建筑大学 | Sewage remediation device and application |
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