JPH1015586A - Water purifying method - Google Patents
Water purifying methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH1015586A JPH1015586A JP17766496A JP17766496A JPH1015586A JP H1015586 A JPH1015586 A JP H1015586A JP 17766496 A JP17766496 A JP 17766496A JP 17766496 A JP17766496 A JP 17766496A JP H1015586 A JPH1015586 A JP H1015586A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- soil
- purified
- plants
- dissolved oxygen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、水質の浄化技術に
関し、特に水域に植栽した植物を利用することで水質浄
化を行なう技術に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technology for purifying water, and more particularly to a technology for purifying water by using plants planted in a water area.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】植物を利用して水質の浄化を行なう方
法、つまり植生浄化方法は、自然の持つ水質浄化機能を
利用する省エネルギー的方法であるだけでなく、植栽植
物により潤いのある景観の創出に役立ち、有望な水質浄
化方法の一つとして広く注目を集めている。しかし、一
部の地域で行なわれている試験的な実施を除き、広く普
及するまでに至っていない。それにはいくつかの理由が
考えられるが、主なものとして、第１に、施設の単位面
積当たりの浄化効率が低いために広い施設面積を必要と
すること、第２に植物の枯死・分解に伴う窒素や燐など
の富栄養化成分の回帰を防ぐために植物の回収を必要と
するので、維持管理の負担が大きいことが挙げられる。2. Description of the Related Art A method of purifying water using plants, that is, a method of purifying vegetation, is not only an energy-saving method utilizing the water purification function of nature, but also a landscape that is more moist with planted plants. It has been widely attracted as one of the promising water purification methods that is useful for creation. However, it has not reached widespread use, with the exception of pilots conducted in some areas. There are several possible reasons for this, but the main reasons are: firstly, a large facility area is required due to the low purification efficiency per unit area of the facility, and secondly, plant death and decomposition are required. Since the recovery of plants is required to prevent the return of eutrophic components such as nitrogen and phosphorus, the burden of maintenance is large.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】このような事情を背景
になされたのが本発明で、植生浄化方法における浄化効
率を高めると共に、植物の回収を行なわずとも植物の枯
死などによる富栄養化成分の回帰の問題を効果的に解消
させることができ、しかも植栽植物による景観創出性を
より一層効果的なものとすることのできる水質浄化方法
の提供を目的としている。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances. According to the present invention, it is possible to increase the purification efficiency in a vegetation purification method, and to improve the eutrophication component due to the withering of a plant without recovering the plant. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water purification method that can effectively solve the problem of regression of water, and can further enhance the creativity of landscapes by planting plants.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明による水質浄化方
法は、浄化対象水に水深の浅い水域を形成させ、この水
域に植栽した植物を利用して水質浄化を行なうことを基
本とし、溶存酸素を増加させた浄化対象水を水底の土壌
中に注水することで土壌中を上昇させて水域に供給する
ことを特徴としている。The water purification method according to the present invention is based on forming a shallow water area in the water to be purified and purifying the water using plants planted in this water area. It is characterized in that the water to be purified with increased oxygen is injected into the soil at the bottom of the water, whereby the water is raised in the soil and supplied to the water area.
【０００５】この水質浄化方法は、植物による浄化機能
自体を向上させることができることに加えて、土壌トレ
ンチ的な浄化と脱窒菌による浄化とが組み合わさって機
能することにより、高い浄化効率を実現できる。植物に
よる浄化機能は、植物が窒素や燐を吸収することと、植
物の茎などに付着した微生物による有機物の分解とによ
り得られ、特に植物が根を張っている土壌中を浄化対象
水が上昇流で通水することから、植物による吸収効率を
高めることができ、それだけ浄化効率を向上させること
ができる。一方、土壌トレンチ的な浄化機能は、浄化対
象水が土壌中を上昇することで得られる。また脱窒菌に
よる浄化機能は、水底土壌の表面近くで生じる嫌気状態
を利用して生じる。すなわち高溶存酸素の浄化対象水が
土壌中を上昇する途中で植物の根による酸素の消費や土
壌微生物による酸素の消費などで徐々に嫌気化し、土壌
表面近くでは水田などにおけると同様に高い嫌気状態と
なり、この嫌気状態下で活動する脱窒菌により脱窒がな
される。そしてこの脱窒菌の活動域を浄化対象水が下方
から上昇して通過することになるので、より効率的に脱
窒を行なわせることができる。[0005] In this water purification method, high purification efficiency can be realized by not only improving the purification function itself by plants, but also functioning in combination with purification by soil trenching and purification by denitrifying bacteria. . The purification function of plants is obtained by the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus by plants and the decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms attached to the stems of plants, etc., and the water to be purified rises especially in soil where plants are rooted. Since water is passed through the stream, the efficiency of absorption by plants can be increased, and the purification efficiency can be improved accordingly. On the other hand, a soil trench-like purification function is obtained by the water to be purified rising in the soil. Further, the purification function by the denitrifying bacteria is generated by utilizing the anaerobic state generated near the surface of the underwater soil. In other words, as the water to be purified of high dissolved oxygen rises in the soil, it gradually becomes anaerobic due to the consumption of oxygen by plant roots and the consumption of oxygen by soil microorganisms. Then, denitrification is performed by the denitrifying bacteria that are activated under the anaerobic condition. Since the water to be purified rises from below and passes through the active area of the denitrifying bacteria, denitrification can be performed more efficiently.
【０００６】また土壌表面近くでの脱窒菌による脱窒に
ついては、植物の枯死体が脱窒菌の活動を助ける基質と
なる。すなわち本発明の水質浄化方法では、植物が枯死
しても、その枯死体が土壌表面近くでの脱窒を助けるの
に働き、植物の枯死・分解に伴う窒素の回帰量を上回る
脱窒を行なうことができる。このため植物の回収を行な
わずに済ませることができる。[0006] Regarding denitrification by denitrifying bacteria near the soil surface, dead bodies of plants serve as substrates to assist the activity of denitrifying bacteria. That is, in the water purification method of the present invention, even if a plant dies, the dead body works to help denitrification near the soil surface, and performs denitrification that exceeds the amount of nitrogen returned due to dying or decomposition of the plant. be able to. Therefore, it is not necessary to collect the plants.
【０００７】さらに本発明の水質浄化方法では、利用で
きる植物の種類を多様化させることができる。すなわち
従来の植生浄化方法では抽水植物や浮遊性植物などの水
性植物のみしか利用することができなかっが、本発明の
水質浄化方法では、高溶存酸素の浄化対象水を植物が根
を張らせる土壌中に注水するようにているので、土壌に
冠水させた条件の下でも植物に根から必要な酸素を吸収
させることができ、水性植物以外の植物でも植栽が可能
となり、利用できる植物の多様化を図れる。本発明によ
る水質浄化方法で利用可能と植物としては、水性植物の
他に例えばクリンソウ、エンコソウ、チョウジソウ、ヨ
メナなど、美しい花を咲かせる湿地性の植物を挙げるこ
とができ、このような植物を用いることで、植栽植物に
よる景観創出性をより一層効果的なものとすることがで
きる。Further, according to the water purification method of the present invention, the types of plants that can be used can be diversified. That is, in the conventional vegetation purification method, only an aqueous plant such as a draft plant or a planktonic plant can be used. However, in the water purification method of the present invention, the soil in which the plant is rooted in the water to be purified of highly dissolved oxygen is used. Since water is injected into the plant, it is possible for plants to absorb the necessary oxygen from the roots even under the condition of being submerged in the soil. Can be achieved. Examples of plants that can be used in the water purification method according to the present invention include, in addition to aqueous plants, for example, swamp plants that bloom beautifully, such as, for example, klinso, enkosou, chokoso, and yomena. Thus, the creativity of the landscape by the planted plant can be made more effective.
【０００８】上記のような水質浄化方法については、水
底の土壌中に導水管を埋設し、この導水管を介して土壌
中への注水を行なうようにするのが好ましい。このよう
にすることで、より制御された状態で浄化対象水を土壌
中に注水することができ、植物の根への酸素の供給や土
壌表面での嫌気状態の形成をより好ましい条件で実現す
ることができる。In the water purification method as described above, it is preferable that a water pipe is buried in the soil at the bottom of the water and water is injected into the soil through the water pipe. By doing so, the water to be purified can be poured into the soil in a more controlled state, and the supply of oxygen to the roots of the plant and the formation of an anaerobic state on the soil surface are realized under more favorable conditions. be able to.
【０００９】また上記のような水質浄化方法について
は、燐に対し吸着能を持つ吸着剤を水底の土壌に混入さ
せるようにすることもできる。このようにすることで、
脱燐機能を高めることができ、浄化効率をさらに向上さ
せることができる。[0009] In the water purification method as described above, an adsorbent capable of adsorbing phosphorus can be mixed into the soil at the bottom of the water. By doing this,
The dephosphorization function can be enhanced, and the purification efficiency can be further improved.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施の形態】以下本発明の一実施形態を説明する。本
実施形態で用いる水質浄化システムは、図１及び図２に
示すような構造とする。具体的には、例えば５０ｃｍ弱
程度の深さに掘った穴の底に遮水シート１を全面的に敷
き詰めて漏水を防止する。遮水シート１の上には１６０
ｍｍ程度の厚みで湛水層２を設ける。湛水層２は、第１
層２ａ、第２層２ｂ、及び第３層２ｃからなる３層構造
とし、第１層２ａと第２層２ｂの間に生物膜形成用の管
材３を埋設する。第１層２ａは、ゼオライトやバーミュ
キュライトなどのアンモニア態窒素（ＮＨ4 + ）に対し
吸着能を持つ鉱物の粗粒を用いて形成し、第２層２ｂ
は、２〜３ｃｍ程度の大きさの珪石と目の粗い木炭との
重量比９：１の混合物を用いて形成し、第３層２ｃは、
第２層２ｂと同様な珪石と目の細かい木炭との重量比
７：３の混合物を用いて形成する。そしてこの湛水層２
の上に１５０ｍｍ程度の厚みで土壌層４を設ける。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below. The water purification system used in the present embodiment has a structure as shown in FIGS. Specifically, for example, the water-impervious sheet 1 is spread all over the bottom of the hole dug to a depth of less than about 50 cm to prevent water leakage. 160 on the impermeable sheet 1
The flooded layer 2 is provided with a thickness of about mm. Flooded layer 2 is the first
A three-layer structure including a layer 2a, a second layer 2b, and a third layer 2c is provided, and a tube material 3 for forming a biofilm is embedded between the first layer 2a and the second layer 2b. The first layer 2a is formed by using coarse particles of a mineral such as zeolite and vermiculite having an adsorption ability to ammonia nitrogen (NH 4 + ), and the second layer 2b is formed.
Is formed using a mixture of silica stone having a size of about 2 to 3 cm and coarse charcoal in a weight ratio of 9: 1.
The second layer 2b is formed using the same mixture of silica and fine charcoal having a weight ratio of 7: 3. And this flooded layer 2
Is provided with a soil layer 4 having a thickness of about 150 mm.
【００１１】土壌層４は、穴から掘り出した土壌に改質
材を重量比８：２で混ぜ合わせたものを用いて形成す
る。改質材は、花崗土（真砂土）、酸化鉄、ケイ酸カル
シウム、リン酸カルシウム、木酢液コーティングの木炭
粉、及びエチレン・ジアミン・テトラ酢酸を含む組成と
する。この改質材が含む木炭粉は、植物の根の成長を促
進させるのに働き、またケイ酸カルシウムとリン酸カル
シウムは燐の吸着に機能し、エチレン・ジアミン・テト
ラ酢酸はキレート剤で、鉄とキレートを形成し、植物に
よる窒素の吸収を促進させるのに機能する。The soil layer 4 is formed by mixing a soil excavated from a hole with a modifier at a weight ratio of 8: 2. The modifier has a composition containing granite (masago), iron oxide, calcium silicate, calcium phosphate, charcoal powder coated with wood vinegar, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The charcoal powder contained in this modifier works to promote the growth of plant roots, calcium silicate and calcium phosphate function to adsorb phosphorus, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is a chelating agent, iron and chelating And functions to promote the absorption of nitrogen by plants.
【００１２】また土壌層４には、導水管５と給気管６を
適当な間隔で埋設する。導水管５は、外部から導水した
浄化対象水を土壌層４にその底部近辺から上方に向けて
注水できるような構造とする。また給気管６は、外部か
ら供給する空気を土壌層４中の浄化対象水と接触させる
ことができるように、通気性は持つが水は通さない構造
とする。具体的には、メッシュ構造の筒を不織布で覆っ
た構造とする。A water pipe 5 and an air supply pipe 6 are buried in the soil layer 4 at an appropriate interval. The water pipe 5 has a structure such that water to be purified, which has been guided from the outside, can be injected into the soil layer 4 upward from near the bottom thereof. The air supply pipe 6 has a structure that has air permeability but does not allow water to pass through, so that air supplied from the outside can be brought into contact with the water to be purified in the soil layer 4. Specifically, a mesh-structured cylinder is covered with a nonwoven fabric.
【００１３】以上のような水質浄化システムで水質浄化
を行なうには、自然曝気や強制曝気により溶存酸素量を
十分に高めた浄化対象水を落差などの利用で導水管５に
供給する。導水管５からは浄化対象水が土壌層４中に上
昇流となるようにして注水される。土壌層４に注水され
た浄化対象水は、上記のように予め高められている溶存
酸素と給気管６により供給される空気とで土壌層４を上
昇する間に植物７の根に酸素を供給してその生育を助け
ると共に、土壌層４による土壌トレンチ的な浄化作用や
植物７による窒素や燐の吸収、さらに土壌層４による燐
の吸着を受けて浄化される。この間に浄化対象水中の溶
存酸素濃度が徐々に減少し、土壌層４の表層においては
高い嫌気状態となる。そのため土壌層４の表層では脱窒
菌が活発に活動して脱窒作用が行なわれ、さらに窒素が
減少させられる。そしてこのようにして窒素や燐の除
去、それに有機物の除去がなされて浄化されつつ土壌層
４を透過した浄化対象水は、土壌層４の上で１０ｃｍ程
度の水深の水域を形成し、植物７の茎などに付着した微
生物による浄化作用をさらに受けつつ外部に放流され
る。In order to purify the water with the above-described water purification system, the water to be purified, in which the amount of dissolved oxygen is sufficiently increased by natural aeration or forced aeration, is supplied to the water pipe 5 by utilizing a head or the like. Water to be purified is injected from the water guide pipe 5 into the soil layer 4 in an upward flow. The water to be purified injected into the soil layer 4 supplies oxygen to the roots of the plant 7 while ascending the soil layer 4 with the dissolved oxygen that has been increased in advance and the air supplied by the air supply pipe 6 as described above. In addition to assisting the growth, the soil layer 4 is purified by a soil trench-like purification action, the plant 7 absorbs nitrogen and phosphorus, and the soil layer 4 adsorbs phosphorus. During this time, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the water to be purified gradually decreases, and the surface layer of the soil layer 4 becomes highly anaerobic. Therefore, denitrifying bacteria are actively activated on the surface layer of the soil layer 4 to perform denitrification, and nitrogen is further reduced. The water to be purified, which has passed through the soil layer 4 while being purified by the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus and the removal of organic substances in this way, forms a water area having a water depth of about 10 cm on the soil layer 4 and the plant 7 It is released to the outside while being further purified by microorganisms attached to the stems of the plant.
【００１４】一方、湛水層２では、土壌層４に比べ極め
て緩やかに浄化対象水が循環することになり、上方では
好気的であるが下方の層では嫌気状態を形成している。
そしてこのような条件の下で、管材３における生物膜に
よる浄化作用がなされ、また嫌気条件によりアンモニア
態となった窒素が第１層２ａにおけるゼオライトやバー
ミュキュライトなどにより吸着除去される。なおこの湛
水層２は、その機能が土壌層４などの機能に対し補助的
なものであり、必ずしも設ける必要はない。On the other hand, in the flooded layer 2, the water to be purified circulates very slowly compared to the soil layer 4, and the upper layer is aerobic but the lower layer is anaerobic.
Then, under such conditions, a purification action by the biofilm in the tube material 3 is performed, and nitrogen which has become ammonia in the anaerobic condition is adsorbed and removed by zeolite, vermiculite, or the like in the first layer 2a. The function of the flooded layer 2 is auxiliary to the function of the soil layer 4 and the like, and need not necessarily be provided.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明によると、植
生浄化における施設単位面積当たりの浄化効率を改善で
きると共に、植物の回収問題を解消させることができ、
しかも植栽植物の多様化を図ることもでき、植生浄化の
有用性を大幅に高めることができる。As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the purification efficiency per unit area of a facility in vegetation purification and to eliminate the problem of plant recovery.
In addition, plant plants can be diversified, and the usefulness of vegetation purification can be greatly enhanced.
【図１】一実施形態で用いる水質浄化システムの構造を
模式的に示す断面図。FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing the structure of a water purification system used in one embodiment.
４ 土壌層 ５ 導水管 ７ 植物 4 Soil layer 5 Water pipe 7 Plant
Claims (3)
せ、この水域に植栽した植物を利用して水質浄化を行な
う水質浄化方法において、溶存酸素を増加させた浄化対
象水を水底の土壌中に注水することで土壌中を上昇させ
て水域に供給するようにしたことを特徴とする水質浄化
方法。In a water purification method for forming a shallow water area in water to be purified and purifying water using plants planted in the water area, the water to be purified having increased dissolved oxygen is removed from the soil at the bottom of the water. A water purification method characterized by raising water in the soil by supplying water into the water and supplying the water to the water area.
土壌中への注水を行なうようにした請求項１に記載の水
質浄化方法。2. The water purification method according to claim 1, wherein the water is injected into the soil via a water pipe buried in the soil at the bottom of the water.
うにした請求項１又は請求項２に記載の水質浄化方法。3. The water purification method according to claim 1, wherein the phosphorus adsorbent is mixed into the soil at the bottom of the water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17766496A JP3190828B2 (en) | 1996-07-08 | 1996-07-08 | Water purification method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17766496A JP3190828B2 (en) | 1996-07-08 | 1996-07-08 | Water purification method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1015586A true JPH1015586A (en) | 1998-01-20 |
| JP3190828B2 JP3190828B2 (en) | 2001-07-23 |
Family
ID=16034956
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17766496A Expired - Fee Related JP3190828B2 (en) | 1996-07-08 | 1996-07-08 | Water purification method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3190828B2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100457730B1 (en) * | 2001-02-06 | 2004-11-20 | (주) 상원이엔씨 | Water treatment method with plant |
| KR100463062B1 (en) * | 2001-02-06 | 2004-12-29 | (주) 상원이엔씨 | Water treatment method with plant |
| US6863816B2 (en) * | 2002-06-17 | 2005-03-08 | Dharma Living Systems, Inc. | Tidal vertical flow wastewater treatment system and method |
| US7029586B2 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2006-04-18 | Dharma Living Systems, Inc. | Integrated tidal wastewater treatment system and method |
| JP2011239694A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2011-12-01 | Taisei Corp | Water quality conservation method |
| CN104150601A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-11-19 | 扬州大学 | Percolation system having radial flow pollutant removal efficacy of road ecological filter trench |
| CN106120679A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function |
| CN107892393A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-04-10 | 北控水务(中国)投资有限公司 | A kind of phytomicroorganism coupled mode pond pool ecology corridor water purification system and application process |
-
1996
- 1996-07-08 JP JP17766496A patent/JP3190828B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100457730B1 (en) * | 2001-02-06 | 2004-11-20 | (주) 상원이엔씨 | Water treatment method with plant |
| KR100463062B1 (en) * | 2001-02-06 | 2004-12-29 | (주) 상원이엔씨 | Water treatment method with plant |
| US6863816B2 (en) * | 2002-06-17 | 2005-03-08 | Dharma Living Systems, Inc. | Tidal vertical flow wastewater treatment system and method |
| US7214317B2 (en) | 2002-06-17 | 2007-05-08 | Dharma Living Systems, Inc. | Tidal vertical flow wastewater treatment system and method |
| US7378021B2 (en) | 2002-06-17 | 2008-05-27 | Worrell Water Technologies, Llc | Tidal vertical flow wastewater treatment system and method |
| US7029586B2 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2006-04-18 | Dharma Living Systems, Inc. | Integrated tidal wastewater treatment system and method |
| JP2011239694A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2011-12-01 | Taisei Corp | Water quality conservation method |
| CN104150601A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-11-19 | 扬州大学 | Percolation system having radial flow pollutant removal efficacy of road ecological filter trench |
| CN104150601B (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2016-06-29 | 扬州大学 | A kind of have Runoff contaminants remove effect road ecology filter ditch filtration system |
| CN106120679A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of ecological canal with denitrogenation dephosphorizing function |
| CN107892393A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-04-10 | 北控水务(中国)投资有限公司 | A kind of phytomicroorganism coupled mode pond pool ecology corridor water purification system and application process |
| CN107892393B (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2023-11-21 | 北控水务(中国)投资有限公司 | Plant-microorganism coupling type ecological corridor water purification system and application method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP3190828B2 (en) | 2001-07-23 |
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