CN104024013A - 用于车辆的飞轮模块以及操作该飞轮模块的方法 - Google Patents

用于车辆的飞轮模块以及操作该飞轮模块的方法 Download PDF

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CN104024013A
CN104024013A CN201280057617.6A CN201280057617A CN104024013A CN 104024013 A CN104024013 A CN 104024013A CN 201280057617 A CN201280057617 A CN 201280057617A CN 104024013 A CN104024013 A CN 104024013A
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flywheel
motor
clutch
drive
power
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CN104024013B (zh
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勒尔·马里·范德鲁滕
亚历山大·弗朗西斯库斯·阿尼塔·塞拉恩斯
巴斯·赫拉德·弗勒门
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DTI Group BV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/02—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/08—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means
    • B60K6/10—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means by means of a chargeable mechanical accumulator, e.g. flywheel
    • B60K6/105—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means by means of a chargeable mechanical accumulator, e.g. flywheel the accumulator being a flywheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/30—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by chargeable mechanical accumulators, e.g. flywheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
    • F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D67/00—Combinations of couplings and brakes; Combinations of clutches and brakes
    • F16D67/02—Clutch-brake combinations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/112—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with friction clutches in combination with brakes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K2006/381—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches characterized by driveline brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/42—Clutches or brakes
    • B60Y2400/422—Synchromesh type clutches or brakes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/96—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor having chargeable mechanical accumulator

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)

Abstract

飞轮模块3包括：旁路变速器P，其包括三个旋转构件；以及飞轮F，其连接到所述旋转构件中的第一个r1。所述旋转构件中的第二个r2连接到输入/输出部9。该飞轮模块还包括：电机MG，其既能作为马达工作又能作为发电机工作，该电机连接到所述旋转构件中的第三个r3；以及由电池A构成的致动装置，用以致动该电机。该飞轮模块还包括：控制单元，用于驱动该致动装置；以及操作装置，用于操作制动器和离合器。这些操作装置仅包括一个单独的致动器，该致动器用于既操作离合器又操作制动器。该致动器连接到离合器和制动器，使得该致动器或者打开该离合器并闭合该制动器，或者反之。

Description

用于车辆的飞轮模块以及操作该飞轮模块的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种飞轮模块，其包括：
旁路变速器(bypass transmission)，包括至少三个旋转构件；
飞轮，连接到这三个旋转构件中的第一个，而这些旋转构件中的第二个连接到该飞轮模块的输入/输出部；
电机，其既能作为马达工作又能作为发电机工作，该电机连接到这些旋转构件中的第三个；
致动装置，用于致动该电机，该致动装置例如包括电池；
控制单元，用于控制该致动装置；
离合器，位于第一旋转构件与该飞轮之间，该离合器包括两个离合器部分，其中第一离合器部分连接到该第一旋转构件，而第二离合器部分连接到该飞轮；
制动器，位于该离合器与该第一旋转构件之间，该制动器包括两个制动器部分，其中第一制动器部分连接到该第一旋转构件，而第二制动器部分连接到坚固体(firm object)，该坚固体例如由车辆的差速器的壳体形成；以及
操作装置，用于操作该制动器和该离合器。
背景技术
从专利文献WO2010/059041A1中已知一种类似的飞轮模块。在这种已知飞轮构造中，能够借助相对具有成本效益的构造以简单的方式将能量储存到飞轮中及从该飞轮释放。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种在首段中所限定类型的飞轮模块，该飞轮模块甚至比已知的飞轮模块更为简单。为此目的，根据本发明的飞轮模块的特征在于，操作装置仅包括一个单独的致动器，该致动器用于既操作离合器又操作制动器。
该致动器优选连接到离合器和制动器，使得该致动器大致同时地操作该离合器和该制动器。
此外，致动器优选连接到离合器和制动器，使得该致动器或者打开该离合器并且闭合该制动器，或者反之亦然，因此并不同时地打开或闭合该离合器和该制动器。
根据本发明的飞轮模块的一个有利的实施例的特征在于，第一制动器部分和第一离合器部分构成可动的切换元件(switch element)的一部分，该切换元件优选地借助花键连接到第一旋转构件，该切换元件可在制动位置(在该位置处该切换元件联接到坚固外部件)和联接位置(在该位置处该切换元件联接到飞轮)之间移动的。
根据本发明的飞轮模块的另一个有利的实施例的特征在于，该切换元件还可采用一中间位置，在该中间位置处该切换元件既不连接到坚固外部件也不连接到飞轮。
该离合器部分和/或制动器部分优选在联接状态或制动状态中分别被锁定到彼此。换言之，该离合器为锁定的离合器并且/或者该制动器为锁定的制动器。
该制动器优选被设置为爪式离合器或同步器。该离合器也优选被设置为爪式离合器或同步器。
在第一旋转构件与飞轮之间优选地设置有变速器。
飞轮模块还优选包括另一离合器，该另一离合器位于输入/输出部与第二旋转构件之间，或者处于两个所述旋转构件之间。
本发明同样涉及一种车辆，该车辆包括：设有驱动轴的驱动源；多个轮，经由驱动系(drive line，传动系)连接到该驱动轴；主离合器，位于该驱动系中并连接到该驱动轴；变速器，位于该驱动系中并处于该主离合器与所述轮之间；该车辆还包括根据本发明的飞轮模块，该飞轮模块的输入/输出部连接到驱动源、变速器、轮、驱动系或车辆的另外的轮。该驱动源优选为内燃机。
根据本发明的车辆的一个有利的实施例的特征在于，该致动装置包括电池，该车辆的启动马达也联接到该电池，用以启动该驱动源。
根据本发明的车辆的另一有利的实施例的特征在于，该车辆还包括另一电机，该另一电机连接到输入/输出部、飞轮、驱动源、驱动系，或者一个或多个另外的轮。
在另一个有利的实施例中，该驱动源由另一电机形成。
优选地，该控制单元包括多个动力电子装置，这些动力电子装置借助一个所述电机能够驱动或制动其它所述电机。
此外，飞轮模块的输入/输出部优选由多V型皮带轮连接到驱动源，该多V型皮带轮还驱动该驱动源的辅助装置。
本发明还涉及一种驱动或制动根据本发明的车辆的方法。该方法的特征在于，当制动器闭合并且离合器打开时，通过致动该电机来驱动或制动该车辆。
此外，本发明涉及一种在根据本发明的车辆中发电的方法。该方法的特征在于，当制动器闭合并且离合器打开时，该电机被用作交流发电机。
本发明还涉及一种启动根据本发明的车辆的驱动源的方法。该方法的特征在于，该电机被用作启动该驱动源的启动马达。
本发明还涉及一种操作根据本发明的车辆的飞轮模块的离合器的方法。该方法的特征在于，电机被致动，使得离合器能够基本上无转矩地打开或者能够基本上同步地闭合。
附图说明
下面在参照附图的同时，基于根据本发明的飞轮模块(其设置或不设置在车辆的驱动机构中)的实施例的多个示例更充分地阐释本发明，在附图中：
图1示出包括根据本发明的飞轮模块的车辆的驱动机构的示意性布置图；
图2给出驱动机构的一个实施例的示意图；
图3示出驱动机构的另外的第一实施例；
图4示出驱动机构的另外的第二实施例；
图5示出制动器、离合器及其驱动机构的第一实施例的细部；
图6示出制动器、离合器及其操作机构的第二实施例的细部；
图7示出根据本发明的飞轮模块的第一实施例；
图8示出根据本发明的飞轮模块的第二实施例；以及
图9示出根据本发明的飞轮模块的第三实施例。
具体实施方式
图1示出车辆1的驱动机构的示意性布置图，该车辆包括驱动源E，该驱动源借助驱动系3驱动轮W1。主离合器C1和变速器T构成该驱动系的一部分。该车辆还包括飞轮模块5，该飞轮模块可连接到变速器T或者位于变速器T的初级侧或次级侧上，该飞轮模块可连接到驱动系3或者连接到该车辆的一个或两个轮W2。这些供选择的位置由虚线表示。在后一种情况下，该飞轮模块可额外地连接到驱动系3。这一点由连接线6示意性示出。
图2给出驱动机构的一个实施例的示意图。驱动源E在这里被配置为内燃机，其借助多V型皮带轮7连接到飞轮模块3的输入/输出部9。内燃机的辅助装置也借助该多V型皮带轮被驱动。
飞轮模块3具有：旁路变速器，其被设置为具有三个旋转构件的行星齿轮组P；以及飞轮F，其连接到第一个旋转构件r1。第二个旋转构件r2连接到输入/输出部9。该飞轮模块还包括：电机MG，其能够既用作马达又用作发电机，并且其连接到第三个旋转构件r3；以及致动装置，由电池A构成，用以致动该电机。
此外，该飞轮模块包括用于控制该致动装置的控制单元。该控制单元具有用于控制该致动装置的动力电子装置PE。该控制单元仅是短暂地控制该致动装置，因此驱动系和/或一个或多个所述另外的轮的制动或驱动仅是短暂的。该电机以比该模块的第二输入/输出部的速度更低的速度被驱动。马达和/或发电机既沿旋转的正方向又沿旋转的反方向被驱动，以限制绝对速度。
该电机可为具有内部或外部转子的永磁电机或爪极式马达(claw polemotor)或者开关磁阻马达，该电机能够既作为马达又作为发电机***作。控制电子装置可被集成在马达壳体中或者靠近该马达壳体被安装。连接到该电机的电池可以是现有的为辅助装置供电的车辆用12V电池，或者可以是电联接到或不电联接到现有的12V电池的单独的电池(12V、24V、36V、48V或更高)。
通过该电机在旁路变速器上施加反向转矩，飞轮加速，通过该电机在旁路变速器上施加正转矩，飞轮减速。飞轮模块暂时地驱动车辆，使得内燃机能够改变速度，而同时轮上的转矩不被中断。根据车辆的速度，来决定是否打开或闭合离合器。
飞轮模块3还包括：离合器C2，位于第一旋转构件与该飞轮之间；以及制动器B，位于该离合器与该第一旋转构件之间；和减速机构R，设置为齿轮变速器，位于该离合器与该飞轮之间。
图3示出飞轮模块11的另外的第一实施例，其中飞轮F和电机MG位于相对于彼此同轴且同心的位置，并且直接地连接到行星齿轮组P的第一和第二旋转构件r1和r2。第三旋转构件r3经由两个齿轮变速器R1和R2连接到差速器D，而另一辅助离合器C3位于这些齿轮变速器之间。该辅助离合器被设置为爪式离合器和/或同步器。该差速器可连接到车辆的前轮或后轮。
图4示出飞轮模块13的另外的第二实施例，其中飞轮F和电机MG彼此并行地运行。在这种构造中，第二旋转构件r2经由链传动装置14连接到电机MG。
图5示出制动器、离合器及其驱动机构的第一实施例的细部。此处制动器B和离合器C2分别被设置为摩擦制动器或摩擦离合器。操作装置仅具有一个单独的操作元件15，该操作元件可通过致动器17(由输出轴上的具有齿轮的电动机形成，该轴与位于操作元件上的齿杆啮合)移位，并且同时操作制动器B和离合器C2，其中该致动器或者打开该离合器并且闭合该制动器，或者反之亦然，因此不同时打开或闭合这两者。
离合器C2包括两个离合器部分C2，1和C2，2，其中第一离合器部分C2，1连接到第一旋转构件r1，而第二离合器部分C2，2连接到飞轮F。制动器B包括两个制动器部分B1和B2，其中第一制动器部分B1连接到第一旋转构件r1，第二制动器部分B2连接到坚固体19，例如车辆的差速器的壳体。
图6示出制动器、离合器及其操作机构的第二实施例的细部。在这种构造中，制动器B和离合器C2被设置为锁止爪式离合器，其中离合器部分C2，2和制动器部分B2被设置为具有外齿的轴的端部，离合器部分C2，1和制动器部分B1形成具有内齿的套筒21的端部，该套筒能够被致动器17(其同样由在输出轴上具有齿轮的电动机形成，该齿轮与位于该套筒上的齿轴啮合)轴向地移动。套筒21经由花键连接部23滑动地联接到第一旋转构件r1。该套筒也可采用一中间位置(图6所示的位置)，在该中间位置处该套筒既不连接到坚固体19也不连接到飞轮F。
图7示出根据本发明的飞轮模块的第一实施例的示意图。在该实施例中，切换元件S能在两个位置之间移动，在一个位置处行星齿轮组P的第一旋转构件r1联接到飞轮F，而在另一个位置处该第一旋转构件联接到坚固体19。
图8示出根据本发明的飞轮模块的第二实施例的示意图。在该第二实施例中，切换元件S能在三个位置之间移动；除了上述两个位置外，还有第三位置，在该第三位置处，行星齿轮组的第一旋转构件r1联接到第二旋转构件r2。
图9给出根据本发明的飞轮模块的第三实施例的示意图。在该第三实施例中，切换元件S也能在三个位置之间移动，而在该第三位置处，行星齿轮组的第一旋转构件r1联接到第三旋转构件r3。
切换元件可被以电动液压方式、电动气动方式(借助空气压力或真空)、电动机械方式或电磁方式操作。
随着车辆和/或轮处于停止状态，离合器***可被置于空档位置，因此飞轮可自由地空转，而电机可被减速到零转每分钟(在此方式下，当空转时车辆的损耗被最小化)。
此外，随着车辆和/或轮处于停止状态，切换元件可被置于制动位置，在该位置处第一旋转构件被联接到坚固体，因此通过沿正方向或反方向致动电机，该车辆可沿前进方向或后退方向被驱动(飞轮能够继续自由地空转)。
通过借助电机首先使第一旋转构件的转数以该方式与该飞轮的转数同步，使切换元件能够从空档位置被置于飞轮位置(在该位置处第一旋转构件联接到该飞轮)，因此能够实现与该切换元件的联接。
通过借助电机首先使第一旋转构件的转数与坚固体同步，使切换元件还能够从空档位置被置于制动位置，因此能够联接到该切换元件。
通过借助电机首先使第一旋转构件的转数与第二/第三旋转构件同步，使切换元件能够从中性位置被置于锁定位置(在该位置处第一旋转构件联接到第二/第三旋转构件)，因此能够联接到该切换元件。
在一个实施例中，第二旋转构件可联接到从动轮，这些从动轮不能由内燃机驱动。
在制动位置驱动车辆的优点是，飞轮模块的性能不依赖于该飞轮的转数，而只依赖于电机及联接到该电机的电池的性能。
在锁定位置驱动车辆的优点是，电机的转数低于在制动位置的转数，因此即使车辆处于较高的速度，该电机也可持续续地被联接到轮(且因此第二旋转构件不必与该轮脱联接)。
虽然前文参照附图描述了本发明，但应注意的是，本发明不以任何方式或手段被局限于附图所示的实施例。在权利要求书所限定的范围内，本发明还应扩展到不同于附图所示实施例的所有实施例。

Claims (21)

1.一种飞轮模块，包括：
旁路变速器，包括至少三个旋转构件；
飞轮，其连接到所述三个旋转构件中的第一个旋转构件，而所述旋转构件中的第二个旋转构件连接到该飞轮模块的输入/输出部；
电机，其既能作为马达工作，又能作为发电机工作，该电机连接到所述旋转构件中的第三个旋转构件；
致动装置，用于致动该电机；
控制单元，用于控制该致动装置；
离合器，包括两个离合器部分，其中第一离合器部分连接到该第一旋转构件，而第二离合器部分连接到该飞轮；
制动器，包括两个制动器部分，其中第一制动器部分连接到该第一旋转构件，而第二制动器部分连接到坚固体；以及
操作装置，用于操作该制动器和该离合器，
其特征在于，该操作装置仅包括一个单独的致动器，所述致动器用于既操作该离合器又操作该制动器。
2.如权利要求1所述的飞轮模块，其特征在于，所述致动器连接到所述离合器和所述制动器，使得该致动器同时或大致同时地操作该离合器和该制动器。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的飞轮模块，其特征在于，所述致动器连接到所述离合器和所述制动器，使得该致动器或者打开该离合器并且闭合该制动器、或者反之。
4.如权利要求3所述的飞轮模块，其特征在于，所述第一制动器部分和所述第一离合器部分构成可动的切换元件的一部分，该切换元件连接到所述第一旋转构件，该切换元件能在制动位置与联接位置之间移动，在该制动位置处该切换元件联接到坚固外部件，而在该联接位置处该切换元件联接到所述飞轮。
5.如权利要求4所述的飞轮模块，其特征在于，所述切换元件还能够采用中间位置，在该中间位置处该切换元件既不连接到所述坚固外部件也不连接到所述飞轮。
6.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的飞轮模块，其特征在于，所述离合器部分和/或制动器部分在联接状态或制动状态中分别被锁定到彼此。
7.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的飞轮模块，其特征在于，所述制动器被设置为爪式离合器或同步器。
8.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的飞轮模块，其特征在于，所述离合器被设置为爪式离合器或同步器。
9.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的飞轮模块，其特征在于，在所述第一旋转构件与所述飞轮之间设置有变速器。
10.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的飞轮模块，其特征在于，所述飞轮模块还包括另一离合器，该另一离合器位于所述输入/输出部与所述第二旋转构件之间，或者处于两个所述旋转构件之间。
11.一种车辆，包括：设有驱动轴的驱动源；多个轮，经由驱动系连接到该驱动轴；主离合器，位于该驱动系中并且连接到该驱动轴；变速器，位于该驱动系中并处于该主离合器与所述轮之间；其特征在于，该车辆还包括如前述权利要求中任一项所述的飞轮模块，该飞轮模块的输入/输出部连接到所述驱动源、所述变速器、所述轮、所述驱动系或所述车辆的另外的轮。
12.如权利要求11所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述驱动源为内燃机。
13.如权利要求12所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述致动装置包括电池，该车辆的启动马达也联接到该电池，用以启动所述驱动源。
14.如权利要求11、12或13所述的车辆，其特征在于，该车辆还包括另一电机，该另一电机连接到所述输入/输出部、所述飞轮、所述驱动源、所述驱动系或者一个或多个所述另外的轮。
15.如权利要求11所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述驱动源由另一电机形成。
16.如权利要求14或15所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述控制单元包括多个动力电子装置，所述动力电子装置借助一个所述电机能够驱动或制动其它的电机。
17.如前述权利要求11至16中任一项所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述飞轮模块的所述输入/输出部由多V型皮带轮连接到所述驱动源，该多V型皮带轮还驱动该驱动源的辅助装置。
18.一种驱动或制动如前述权利要求11至17中任一项所述的车辆的方法，其特征在于，当所述制动器闭合并且所述离合器打开时，通过致动所述电机来驱动或制动所述车辆。
19.一种在如前述权利要求11至17中任一项所述的车辆中发电的方法，其特征在于，当所述制动器闭合并且所述离合器打开时，所述电机被用作交流发电机。
20.一种启动如前述权利要求11至17中任一项所述的车辆的驱动源的方法，其特征在于，所述电机被用作启动所述驱动源的启动马达。
21.一种操作如前述权利要求11至17中任一项所述的车辆的飞轮模块的所述离合器的方法，其特征在于，所述电机被致动，使得所述离合器能够基本上无转矩地打开，或者能够基本上同步地闭合。
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