CN103988681A - Cultivation method for inter-planting santalum album linn in camellia plantation - Google Patents
Cultivation method for inter-planting santalum album linn in camellia plantation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A cultivation method for inter-planting santalum album linn in a camellia plantation comprises the steps that holes are prepared; during planting, five kilograms of burned soil are applied into each hole, then santalum album linn nutritive bowl seedlings with artificial wormwood hosts are planted into the holes, and 100-fold diluents of composite microbial ecological agents are used for watering the seedlings until the artificial wormwood hosts and the santalum album linn seedlings all survive; if certain artificial wormwood hosts die, other artificial wormwood hosts are timely replanted and the parts, with the heights exceeding those of trunks of the santalum album linn, of the artificial wormwood hosts are timely cut off; sprouts at the bottoms of the trunks of the santalum album linn are clipped and main branches of the santalum album linn are pruned every year in spring; during weeding in summer, plants near the santalum album linn are kept; in the spring of the next year after planting, a calliandra haematocephala plant is planted as a secondary additional host plant at the position which is 0.8-1 m away from the root of each surviving santalum album linn and it must be guaranteed that the calliandra haematocephala plants survive. According to the cultivation method for inter-planting the santalum album linn in the camellia plantation, gaps in the camellia plantation are fully used for planting the santalum album linn, the workload of weeding in camellia plantation operation is reduced, water and soil are better maintained, the probability that the camellia plantation collapses is lowered, picked tea leaves have better fragrance and the quality of the tea leaves is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to interplant another kind of cultivation of plants method in a Plants, relate in particular to the cultivation method of interplanting santal in a kind of tea place.
Background technology
Santal (formal name used at school: Santalum album L.) is Santalaceae santal genus, it is a kind of semiparasite aiphyllium, have another name called and bathe fragrant, Santalum album, be mainly distributed in subtropics and the torrid areas of India, Malaysia, Australia, Indonesia and China.The sapwood white of santal trunk, odorlessness, heartwood yellowish-brown, has strong aroma, is valuable medicinal material and famous and precious spices, and is the good timber of artistic carving.
Because santal serves many purposes, economic worth is high, is therefore felled for a long time.At present, santal wild resource is day by day exhausted, and supply falls short of demand for santal, mainly makes up the demand of market to santal by the form that adopts artificial planting both at home and abroad.But because santal growth is limit by the conditions such as landform, illumination, temperature, soil, the santal that therefore produced still can not meet the demand in market.
Tealeaves (formal name used at school Camellia sinensis (L.) O.Kuntze) is the aiphyllium of Theaceae Camellia, and the tealeaves in zhang-ping area is generally dungarunga.The natural conditions of tea tree planting comprise landforms, weather, soil types etc.Landform is taking hills as main, and drainage condition will be got well, and precipitation is abundant, and annual range of temperature is little, day and night the temperature difference is large, and frost-free season is long, and illumination condition is good, the suitable various types of growth of tea plant of such weather conditions.Brick red soil development degree is darker, and well-formed is applicable to growth of tea plant.At Tea planting first 5 years, tea tree was less, and the gap between tea is large, was not fully used in soil, or normal growth of weeds causes fertilizer waste and manual labor to increase, or because ground exposure causes water and soil loss.And the general plantation of tealeaves needed again to plant after 10 years, the state not making full use of is got back to again in soil, tea place, and therefore the method for a set of reasonable utilization is needed in soil, tea place badly.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the cultivation method of interplanting santal in a kind of tea place, make full use of middle ground, space, tea place, in limited tea place land resources, produce larger economic benefit, and make tealeaves there is better fragrance, improved the quality of tealeaves.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical programs: in a kind of tea place, interplant the cultivation method of santal, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: select the torrid zone or subtropical zone, annual minimum temperature is not less than-5 DEG C, height above sea level is lower than the tea place, knob of 700 meters, and tea place soil layer is deep, and soil is fertile, loose red soil, and the strain of tea tree, line-spacing are 35cm × 1.5m;
Step 2: dig cave in the ranks tea tree, cave is 50cm deeply, and cave diameter is 35cm, and cave spacing is more than or equal to 3m × 3m, cave density is every mu and is equal to or less than 20, the position of planting plant hole must must not affect the normal production operation in tea place;
Step 3: plant santal during annual spring to autumn, when plantation, first in each cave, discharge 5 kilograms and burn soil, then the santal nutrition pot seedling with false wormwood artemisia host is implanted in cave, soil in training, tread, then 100 times of clear water-reducible dilutions of compound micro-ecological preparation are irrigated as normal root water; Note observing surviving situation, should water in time and execute 100 times of clear water-reducible dilutions of compound micro-ecological preparation as soil, dry weather, until false wormwood artemisia host and sandalwood seedling all survive;
Step 4: if there is false wormwood artemisia death to reseed in time, and in time the false wormwood artemisia that exceedes santal trunk height is cut off, and must not water and apply fertilizer after entering every year the winter, be the insulation of santal binding hay winter; Repair santal stem bottom sprouting annual spring, and santal major branch is pruned, organic fertilizer also sprays the dilution after 100 times of dilutions of compound micro-ecological preparation; When summer tea place weeding, near plant santal is retained;
Step 5: Second Year spring after plantation, survived the root 0.8-1m place of santal in distance, the U.S. stamen flower of plantation one strain, as additional host plant of second phase, notices that U.S. stamen flower planting location must not affect the normal production operation in tea place, and U.S. stamen stamen or pistil plantation survives, otherwise should reseed in time.
Further, described compound micro-ecological preparation, its preparation method is as follows:
(1) former strain inclined plane is cultivated: the photosynthetic bacteria in freezing pipe, azotobacter, silicate bacterium, blue-green algae, saccharomyces cerevisiae are activated respectively in inclined-plane, be placed in respectively afterwards 90mm culture dish and carry out purifying, obtain photosynthetic bacteria slant strains, azotobacter slant strains, silicate bacterium slant strains, blue-green algae slant strains and saccharomyces cerevisiae slant strains, for subsequent use;
(2) former bacterial classification liquid culture: photosynthetic bacteria slant strains is inoculated in sterilized liquid nutrient medium I, is placed in afterwards 28 DEG C of-30 DEG C of anaerobism tengsten lamp illumination cultivation and obtains photosynthetic bacteria original bacteria liquid for 5-7 days; Azotobacter slant strains is inoculated in sterilized liquid nutrient medium II, and then at 25 DEG C-27 DEG C, aerobic cultivation obtains azotobacter original bacteria liquid for 1-2 days; Silicate bacterium slant strains is inoculated in sterilized liquid nutrient medium III, and then at 28 DEG C-30 DEG C, aerobic cultivation obtains silicate bacterium original bacteria liquid for 1-2 days; Blue-green algae slant strains is inoculated in sterilized liquid nutrient medium IV, is then placed in 28 DEG C-30 DEG C fluorescent lamps and irradiates 10-14 hour and aerobic cultivation 3-5 days every day, obtain blue-green algae original bacteria liquid; Saccharomyces cerevisiae slant strains is inoculated in sterilized liquid nutrient medium V, and at 28 DEG C-30 DEG C, aerobic cultivation obtains saccharomyces cerevisiae original bacteria liquid for 3 days afterwards;
(3) first order seed is cultivated: photosynthetic bacteria original bacteria liquid, azotobacter original bacteria liquid, silicate bacterium original bacteria liquid, blue-green algae original bacteria liquid and saccharomyces cerevisiae original bacteria liquid are inoculated in sterilized fermentation medium I and are cultivated by the bacterium amount ratio of 2:2:2:2:1, particularly: first Azotobacter original bacteria liquid, silicate bacterium original bacteria liquid, blue-green algae original bacteria liquid and saccharomyces cerevisiae original bacteria liquid, and in 28 DEG C of-30 DEG C of aerobic cultivations 3 days, and then inoculation photosynthetic bacteria original bacteria liquid, cultivate 3 days in 37 DEG C of anaerobism, obtain the first order seed of compound micro-ecological preparation;
(4) secondary seed is cultivated: the first order seed of gained is inoculated in sterilized fermentation medium II by 5% inoculum concentration, and at 28 DEG C-30 DEG C first aerobic cultivations 3-5 days anaerobism cultivation 3-5 days again, obtain the secondary seed of compound micro-ecological preparation;
The component of described fermentation medium II: tangerine water 5%, dusty yeast 0.1%, peptone 0.1%, ammonium chloride 0.2%, sodium chloride 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, zinc sulphate 0.025%, ferrous sulfate 0.025%, surplus is water;
(5) finished product is cultivated: the secondary seed of gained is seeded in sterilized fermentation medium III by 5% inoculum concentration, and at 28 DEG C-30 DEG C first aerobic cultivations 3-5 days again anaerobism cultivate 3-5 days, the finished product of acquisition compound micro-ecological preparation;
The component of described fermentation medium III: tangerine water 5%, ammonium chloride 0.2%, sodium chloride 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, zinc sulphate 0.025%, ferrous sulfate 0.025%, surplus is water.
Further, the concrete operations that photosynthetic bacteria activates in inclined-plane in described step (1) are: photosynthetic bacteria is inoculated in sterilized slant medium I with oese, afterwards in 28 DEG C-30 DEG C anaerobism tengsten lamp illumination cultivation 5-7 days; The sterilising temp of described slant medium I is that 121 DEG C, sterilization time are 15min; And the component of this slant medium I: 10 grams of dusty yeasts, 1 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5 gram, magnesium sulfate, 20 grams, agar, water 1000ml, PH7.0-7.2.
Further, the concrete operations that azotobacter activate in inclined-plane in described step (1) are: with oese by inoculating in sterilized slant medium II, aerobic cultivation 1-2 days at 25 DEG C-27 DEG C afterwards; The sterilising temp of described slant medium I is that 121 DEG C, sterilization time are 20min; And the component of this slant medium I: 0.5 gram of dusty yeast, 20 grams, mannitol, 0.2 gram of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.8 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.1 gram, calcium sulphate, 15 grams, agar, 0.01 gram, iron chloride, 0.01 gram of sodium molybdate, 15 grams, agar, water 1000ml, PH7.2.
Further, the concrete operations that described step (1) mesosilicic acid salt bacterium activates in inclined-plane are: silicate bacterium is inoculated in sterilized slant medium III with oese to aerobic cultivation 1-2 days at 25 DEG C-28 DEG C afterwards; The sterilising temp of described slant medium III is that 121 DEG C, sterilization time are 20min; And the component of this slant medium III: 10 grams of sucrose, 5 grams, calcium sulphate, 0.2 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5 grams, calcium carbonate, 0.2 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.2 gram, sodium chloride, 14 grams, agar, water 1000ml, PH7.5.
Further, the concrete operations that blue-green algae activates in inclined-plane in described step (1) are: blue-green algae is inoculated in sterilized slant medium IV with oese, irradiates 10-14 hour and aerobic cultivation 3-5 days lower every day afterwards in 28 DEG C-30 DEG C fluorescent lamps; The sterilising temp of described slant medium IV is that 121 DEG C, sterilization time are 20min; And the component of this slant medium IV: 1.5 grams, sodium nitrate, 0.05 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.08 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.04 gram, calcium chloride, 0.02 gram, sodium carbonate, 0.006 gram of citric acid, 0.006 gram of ironic citrate, 0.001 gram, zinc sulphate, 0.001 gram of manganese chloride, 20 grams, agar, water 1000ml, PH nature.
Further, the concrete operations that saccharomyces cerevisiae activates in inclined-plane in described step (1) are: saccharomyces cerevisiae is inoculated in sterilized slant medium V with oese to aerobic cultivation 3 days at 28 DEG C-30 DEG C afterwards; The sterilising temp of described slant medium V is that 121 DEG C, sterilization time are 30min; And the component of this slant medium V: 200 grams of potatos, 20 grams of sucrose, agar 15-20 gram, water 1000ml, PH nature.
Further, the component of liquid nutrient medium I in described step (2): 10 grams of dusty yeasts, 1 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5 gram, magnesium sulfate, water 1000ml, PH7.0-7.2; The component of liquid nutrient medium II: 0.5 gram of dusty yeast, 20 grams, mannitol, 0.8 gram of 0.2 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.1 gram, calcium sulphate, 0.01 gram, iron chloride, 0.01 gram of sodium molybdate, water 1000ml, PH7.2; The component of liquid nutrient medium III: 10 grams of sucrose, 5 grams, calcium sulphate, 0.2 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5 grams, calcium carbonate, 0.2 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.2 gram, sodium chloride, water 1000ml, PH7.5; The component of liquid nutrient medium IV: 1.5 grams, sodium nitrate, 0.05 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.08 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.04 gram, calcium chloride, 0.02 gram, sodium carbonate, 0.006 gram of citric acid, 0.006 gram of ironic citrate, 0.001 gram, zinc sulphate, 0.001 gram of manganese chloride, water 1000ml, PH nature; The component of liquid nutrient medium V: 200 grams of potatos, 20 grams of sucrose, water 1000ml, PH nature.
Further, the component of fermentation medium I in described step (3): tangerine water 5%, dusty yeast 0.5%, peptone 1%, ammonium chloride 0.2%, sodium chloride 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, zinc sulphate 0.025%, ferrous sulfate 0.025%, surplus is water.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: make full use of middle ground, space, tea place, reduce the workload of intertill and clean tillage, conserve water and soil, reduce tea place embankment, produce larger economic benefit in limited tea place land resources; And there is better fragrance with the tealeaves that cultivation method of the present invention is plucked, improved the quality of tealeaves.
Embodiment
A cultivation method of interplanting santal in tea place, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: select the torrid zone or subtropical zone, annual minimum temperature is not less than-5 DEG C, height above sea level is lower than the tea place, knob of 700 meters, and tea place soil layer is deep, and soil is fertile, loose red soil, and the strain of tea tree, line-spacing are 35cm × 1.5m;
Step 2: dig cave in the ranks tea tree, cave is 50cm deeply, and cave diameter is 35cm, and cave spacing is more than or equal to 3m × 3m, cave density is every mu and is equal to or less than 20, the position of planting plant hole must not affect the normal production operation in tea place;
Step 3: when more than 20 DEG C (be temperature) plantation santal during annual spring to autumn, when plantation, first in each cave, discharge 5 kilograms and burn soil, again the santal nutrition pot seedling with false wormwood artemisia host is implanted in cave, soil in training, tread, then 100 times of clear water-reducible dilutions of compound micro-ecological preparation are irrigated as normal root water; Note observing surviving situation, should water in time and execute 100 times of clear water-reducible dilutions of compound micro-ecological preparation as soil, dry weather, until false wormwood artemisia host and sandalwood seedling all survive;
Step 4: carry out santal and false wormwood artemisia host's management, if too arid is watered in time, suitably sealing fertilizer or fertilizer, so that false wormwood artemisia and santal robust growth, if there is false wormwood artemisia death to reseed in time, and in time the false wormwood artemisia that exceedes santal trunk height is cut off, and must not water and apply fertilizer after entering every year the winter, be the insulation of santal binding hay winter, or the mode such as sootiness prevents frost before cold wave arrives; Repair santal stem bottom sprouting annual spring, and santal major branch is pruned so that santal major branch is outstanding, sturdy, organic fertilizer also sprays the dilution after 100 times of dilutions of compound micro-ecological preparation; When summer tea place weeding, near plant santal is retained, in the time of the weeding of tea place, note suitably retaining near plant sandalwood seedling, for limit, field, terraced wall area santal, around growing plants is only otherwise affect all being retained of growth of tea plant; Step 5: Second Year spring after plantation, survived i.e. approximately 1 meter of of root 0.8-1m of santal in distance, the U.S. stamen flower of plantation one strain, as additional host plant of second phase, notices that the U.S. stamen flower of plantation position must not affect the normal production operation in tea place, and U.S. stamen stamen or pistil ensures that plantation survives, otherwise reseeds in time.
Described compound micro-ecological preparation, its preparation method is as follows:
(1) former strain inclined plane is cultivated: the photosynthetic bacteria in freezing pipe, azotobacter, silicate bacterium, blue-green algae, saccharomyces cerevisiae are activated respectively in inclined-plane, be placed in respectively afterwards 90mm culture dish and carry out purifying, obtain photosynthetic bacteria slant strains, azotobacter slant strains, silicate bacterium slant strains, blue-green algae slant strains and saccharomyces cerevisiae slant strains, for subsequent use;
(2) former bacterial classification liquid culture: photosynthetic bacteria slant strains is inoculated in sterilized liquid nutrient medium I, is placed in afterwards 28 DEG C of-30 DEG C of anaerobism tengsten lamp illumination cultivation and obtains photosynthetic bacteria original bacteria liquid for 5-7 days; Azotobacter slant strains is inoculated in sterilized liquid nutrient medium II, and then at 25 DEG C-27 DEG C, aerobic cultivation obtains azotobacter original bacteria liquid for 1-2 days; Silicate bacterium slant strains is inoculated in sterilized liquid nutrient medium III, and then at 28 DEG C-30 DEG C, aerobic cultivation obtains silicate bacterium original bacteria liquid for 1-2 days; Blue-green algae slant strains is inoculated in sterilized liquid nutrient medium IV, is then placed in 28 DEG C-30 DEG C fluorescent lamps and irradiates 10-14 hour and aerobic cultivation 3-5 days every day, obtain blue-green algae original bacteria liquid; Saccharomyces cerevisiae slant strains is inoculated in sterilized liquid nutrient medium V, and at 28 DEG C-30 DEG C, aerobic cultivation obtains saccharomyces cerevisiae original bacteria liquid for 3 days afterwards;
(3) first order seed is cultivated: photosynthetic bacteria original bacteria liquid, azotobacter original bacteria liquid, silicate bacterium original bacteria liquid, blue-green algae original bacteria liquid and saccharomyces cerevisiae original bacteria liquid are inoculated in sterilized fermentation medium I and are cultivated by the bacterium amount ratio of 2:2:2:2:1, particularly: first Azotobacter original bacteria liquid, silicate bacterium original bacteria liquid, blue-green algae original bacteria liquid and saccharomyces cerevisiae original bacteria liquid, and in 28 DEG C of-30 DEG C of aerobic cultivations 3 days, and then inoculation photosynthetic bacteria original bacteria liquid, cultivate 3 days in 37 DEG C of anaerobism, obtain the first order seed of compound micro-ecological preparation;
(4) secondary seed is cultivated: the first order seed of gained is inoculated in sterilized fermentation medium II by 5% inoculum concentration, and at 28 DEG C-30 DEG C first aerobic cultivations 3-5 days anaerobism cultivation 3-5 days again, obtain the secondary seed of compound micro-ecological preparation;
(5) finished product is cultivated: the secondary seed of gained is seeded in sterilized fermentation medium III by 5% inoculum concentration, and at 28 DEG C-30 DEG C first aerobic cultivations 3-5 days again anaerobism cultivate 3-5 days, the finished product of acquisition compound micro-ecological preparation.
Wherein: the concrete operations that photosynthetic bacteria activates in inclined-plane in step (1) are: photosynthetic bacteria is inoculated in sterilized slant medium I with oese, afterwards in 28 DEG C-30 DEG C anaerobism tengsten lamp illumination cultivation 5-7 days; The sterilising temp of described slant medium I is that 121 DEG C, sterilization time are 15min; And the component of this slant medium I: 10 grams of dusty yeasts, 1 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5 gram, magnesium sulfate, 20 grams, agar, water 1000ml, PH7.0-7.2.The concrete operations that azotobacter activate in inclined-plane in step (1) are: with oese by inoculating in sterilized slant medium II, aerobic cultivation 1-2 days at 25 DEG C-27 DEG C afterwards; The sterilising temp of described slant medium I is that 121 DEG C, sterilization time are 20min; And the component of this slant medium I: 0.5 gram of dusty yeast, 20 grams, mannitol, 0.2 gram of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.8 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.1 gram, calcium sulphate, 15 grams, agar, 0.01 gram, iron chloride, 0.01 gram of sodium molybdate, 15 grams, agar, water 1000ml, PH7.2.The concrete operations that step (1) mesosilicic acid salt bacterium activates in inclined-plane are: silicate bacterium is inoculated in sterilized slant medium III with oese to aerobic cultivation 1-2 days at 25 DEG C-28 DEG C afterwards; The sterilising temp of described slant medium III is that 121 DEG C, sterilization time are 20min; And the component of this slant medium III: 10 grams of sucrose, 5 grams, calcium sulphate, 0.2 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5 grams, calcium carbonate, 0.2 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.2 gram, sodium chloride, 14 grams, agar, water 1000ml, PH7.5.The concrete operations that blue-green algae activates in inclined-plane in step (1) are: blue-green algae is inoculated in sterilized slant medium IV with oese, irradiates 10-14 hour and aerobic cultivation 3-5 days lower every day afterwards in 28 DEG C-30 DEG C fluorescent lamps; The sterilising temp of described slant medium IV is that 121 DEG C, sterilization time are 20min; And the component of this slant medium IV: 1.5 grams, sodium nitrate, 0.05 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.08 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.04 gram, calcium chloride, 0.02 gram, sodium carbonate, 0.006 gram of citric acid, 0.006 gram of ironic citrate, 0.001 gram, zinc sulphate, 0.001 gram of manganese chloride, 20 grams, agar, water 1000ml, PH nature.The concrete operations that saccharomyces cerevisiae activates in inclined-plane in step (1) are: saccharomyces cerevisiae is inoculated in sterilized slant medium V with oese to aerobic cultivation 3 days at 28 DEG C-30 DEG C afterwards; The sterilising temp of described slant medium V is that 121 DEG C, sterilization time are 30min; And the component of this slant medium V: 200 grams of potatos, 20 grams of sucrose, agar 15-20 gram, water 1000ml, PH nature.
The component of liquid nutrient medium I in step (2): 10 grams of dusty yeasts, 1 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5 gram, magnesium sulfate, water 1000ml, PH7.0-7.2; The component of liquid nutrient medium II: 0.5 gram of dusty yeast, 20 grams, mannitol, 0.8 gram of 0.2 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.1 gram, calcium sulphate, 0.01 gram, iron chloride, 0.01 gram of sodium molybdate, water 1000ml, PH7.2; The component of liquid nutrient medium III: 10 grams of sucrose, 5 grams, calcium sulphate, 0.2 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5 grams, calcium carbonate, 0.2 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.2 gram, sodium chloride, water 1000ml, PH7.5; The component of liquid nutrient medium IV: 1.5 grams, sodium nitrate, 0.05 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.08 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.04 gram, calcium chloride, 0.02 gram, sodium carbonate, 0.006 gram of citric acid, 0.006 gram of ironic citrate, 0.001 gram, zinc sulphate, 0.001 gram of manganese chloride, water 1000ml, PH nature; The component of liquid nutrient medium V: 200 grams of potatos, 20 grams of sucrose, agar 15-20 gram, water 1000ml, PH nature.
The component of fermentation medium I in step (3): tangerine water 5%, dusty yeast 0.5%, peptone 1%, ammonium chloride 0.2%, sodium chloride 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, zinc sulphate 0.025%, ferrous sulfate 0.025%, surplus is water.The component of fermentation medium II in step (4): tangerine water 5%, dusty yeast 0.1%, peptone 0.1%, ammonium chloride 0.2%, sodium chloride 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, zinc sulphate 0.025%, ferrous sulfate 0.025%, surplus is water.The component of fermentation medium III in step (5): tangerine water 5%, ammonium chloride 0.2%, sodium chloride 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, zinc sulphate 0.025%, ferrous sulfate 0.025%, surplus is water.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the percentage of each medium is mass percent.
Table 1 for interplanting the affect situation of santal on tealeaves soluble sugar, chlorophyll, proline content in tea place, table 2 for interplanting the affect situation of santal on tealeaves polyphenol content and output in tea place, table 3 is the annual value of production of the santal of tea place interplanting, specifically as shown in each table:
Table 1 is interplanted the impact of santal on tealeaves soluble sugar, chlorophyll, proline content
Table 2 is interplanted the impact of santal on tealeaves polyphenol content and output
Note: polyphenol content is measured and adopted GB/T8313-2002
The santal annual value of production of table 3 tea place interplanting
| Quantity (plant/acre) | Unit price (unit/strain) | Planting Years (year) | Annual value of production (unit) |
| 20 | 15000 | 10 | 30000 |
Adopt the present invention to realize and make full use of the middle ground, space of tea tree, reduce the workload of intertill and clean tillage, conserve water and soil, reduce tea place embankment, in limited tea place land resources, produce larger economic benefit; And there is better fragrance with the tealeaves that this cultivation method is plucked, improved the quality of tealeaves.
Claims (9)
1. a cultivation method of interplanting santal in tea place, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step 1: select the torrid zone or subtropical zone, annual minimum temperature is not less than-5 DEG C, height above sea level is lower than the tea place, knob of 700 meters, and tea place soil layer is deep, and soil is fertile, loose red soil, and the strain of tea tree, line-spacing are 35cm × 1.5m;
Step 2: dig cave in the ranks tea tree, cave is 50cm deeply, and cave diameter is 35cm, and cave spacing is more than or equal to 3m × 3m, and cave density is every mu and is equal to or less than 20;
Step 3: plant santal during annual spring to autumn, when plantation, first in each cave, discharge 5 kilograms and burn soil, then the santal nutrition pot seedling with false wormwood artemisia host is implanted in cave, soil in training, tread, then 100 times of clear water-reducible dilutions of compound micro-ecological preparation are irrigated as normal root water; If should watering in time, soil, dry weather execute 100 times of clear water-reducible dilutions of compound micro-ecological preparation, until false wormwood artemisia host and sandalwood seedling all survive;
Step 4: if there is false wormwood artemisia death to reseed in time, and in time the false wormwood artemisia that exceedes santal trunk height is cut off, and must not water and apply fertilizer after entering every year the winter, be the insulation of santal binding hay winter; Prune santal stem bottom sprouting annual spring, and santal major branch is pruned, execute a fertilizer and spray the dilution after 100 times of dilutions of compound micro-ecological preparation; When summer tea place weeding, near plant santal is retained;
Step 5: in Second Year spring after plantation, survived the root 0.8-1m place of santal in distance, the U.S. stamen flower of plantation one strain is as additional host plant of second phase, and U.S. stamen stamen or pistil ensures to plant and survives, otherwise should reseed in time.
2. the cultivation method of interplanting santal in tea place as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described compound micro-ecological preparation, its preparation method is as follows:
(1) former strain inclined plane is cultivated: the photosynthetic bacteria in freezing pipe, azotobacter, silicate bacterium, blue-green algae, saccharomyces cerevisiae are activated respectively in inclined-plane, be placed in respectively afterwards 90mm culture dish and carry out purifying, obtain photosynthetic bacteria slant strains, azotobacter slant strains, silicate bacterium slant strains, blue-green algae slant strains and saccharomyces cerevisiae slant strains, for subsequent use;
(2) former bacterial classification liquid culture: photosynthetic bacteria slant strains is inoculated in sterilized liquid nutrient medium I, is placed in afterwards 28 DEG C of-30 DEG C of anaerobism tengsten lamp illumination cultivation and obtains photosynthetic bacteria original bacteria liquid for 5-7 days; Azotobacter slant strains is inoculated in sterilized liquid nutrient medium II, and then at 25 DEG C-27 DEG C, aerobic cultivation obtains azotobacter original bacteria liquid for 1-2 days; Silicate bacterium slant strains is inoculated in sterilized liquid nutrient medium III, and then at 28 DEG C-30 DEG C, aerobic cultivation obtains silicate bacterium original bacteria liquid for 1-2 days; Blue-green algae slant strains is inoculated in sterilized liquid nutrient medium IV, is then placed in 28 DEG C-30 DEG C fluorescent lamps and irradiates 10-14 hour and aerobic cultivation 3-5 days every day, obtain blue-green algae original bacteria liquid; Saccharomyces cerevisiae slant strains is inoculated in sterilized liquid nutrient medium V, and at 28 DEG C-30 DEG C, aerobic cultivation obtains saccharomyces cerevisiae original bacteria liquid for 3 days afterwards;
(3) first order seed is cultivated: photosynthetic bacteria original bacteria liquid, azotobacter original bacteria liquid, silicate bacterium original bacteria liquid, blue-green algae original bacteria liquid and saccharomyces cerevisiae original bacteria liquid are inoculated in sterilized fermentation medium I and are cultivated by the bacterium amount ratio of 2:2:2:2:1, particularly: first Azotobacter original bacteria liquid, silicate bacterium original bacteria liquid, blue-green algae original bacteria liquid and saccharomyces cerevisiae original bacteria liquid, and in 28 DEG C of-30 DEG C of aerobic cultivations 3 days, and then inoculation photosynthetic bacteria original bacteria liquid, cultivate 3 days in 37 DEG C of anaerobism, obtain the first order seed of compound micro-ecological preparation;
(4) secondary seed is cultivated: the first order seed of gained is inoculated in sterilized fermentation medium II by 5% inoculum concentration, and at 28 DEG C-30 DEG C first aerobic cultivations 3-5 days anaerobism cultivation 3-5 days again, obtain the secondary seed of compound micro-ecological preparation;
The component of described fermentation medium II: tangerine water 5%, dusty yeast 0.1%, peptone 0.1%, ammonium chloride 0.2%, sodium chloride 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, zinc sulphate 0.025%, ferrous sulfate 0.025%, surplus is water;
(5) finished product is cultivated: the secondary seed of gained is seeded in sterilized fermentation medium III by 5% inoculum concentration, and at 28 DEG C-30 DEG C first aerobic cultivations 3-5 days again anaerobism cultivate 3-5 days, the finished product of acquisition compound micro-ecological preparation;
The component of described fermentation medium III: tangerine water 5%, ammonium chloride 0.2%, sodium chloride 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, zinc sulphate 0.025%, ferrous sulfate 0.025%, surplus is water.
3. the cultivation method of interplanting santal in tea place according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the concrete operations that photosynthetic bacteria activates in inclined-plane in described step (1) are: photosynthetic bacteria is inoculated in sterilized slant medium I with oese, afterwards in 28 DEG C-30 DEG C anaerobism tengsten lamp illumination cultivation 5-7 days; The sterilising temp of described slant medium I is that 121 DEG C, sterilization time are 15min; And the component of this slant medium I: 10 grams of dusty yeasts, 1 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5 gram, magnesium sulfate, 20 grams, agar, water 1000ml, PH7.0-7.2.
4. the cultivation method of interplanting santal in tea place according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the concrete operations that azotobacter activate in inclined-plane in described step (1) are: with oese by inoculating in sterilized slant medium II, aerobic cultivation 1-2 days at 25 DEG C-27 DEG C afterwards; The sterilising temp of described slant medium I is that 121 DEG C, sterilization time are 20min; And the component of this slant medium I: 0.5 gram of dusty yeast, 20 grams, mannitol, 0.2 gram of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.8 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.1 gram, calcium sulphate, 15 grams, agar, 0.01 gram, iron chloride, 0.01 gram of sodium molybdate, 15 grams, agar, water 1000ml, PH7.2.
5. the cultivation method of interplanting santal in tea place according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the concrete operations that described step (1) mesosilicic acid salt bacterium activates in inclined-plane are: silicate bacterium is inoculated in sterilized slant medium III with oese to aerobic cultivation 1-2 days at 25 DEG C-28 DEG C afterwards; The sterilising temp of described slant medium III is that 121 DEG C, sterilization time are 20min; And the component of this slant medium III: 10 grams of sucrose, 5 grams, calcium sulphate, 0.2 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5 grams, calcium carbonate, 0.2 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.2 gram, sodium chloride, 14 grams, agar, water 1000ml, PH7.5.
6. the cultivation method of interplanting santal in tea place according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the concrete operations that blue-green algae activates in inclined-plane in described step (1) are: blue-green algae is inoculated in sterilized slant medium IV with oese, irradiates 10-14 hour and aerobic cultivation 3-5 days lower every day in 28 DEG C-30 DEG C fluorescent lamps afterwards; The sterilising temp of described slant medium IV is that 121 DEG C, sterilization time are 20min; And the component of this slant medium IV: 1.5 grams, sodium nitrate, 0.05 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.08 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.04 gram, calcium chloride, 0.02 gram, sodium carbonate, 0.006 gram of citric acid, 0.006 gram of ironic citrate, 0.001 gram, zinc sulphate, 0.001 gram of manganese chloride, 20 grams, agar, water 1000ml, PH nature.
7. the cultivation method of interplanting santal in tea place according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the concrete operations that saccharomyces cerevisiae activates in inclined-plane in described step (1) are: saccharomyces cerevisiae is inoculated in sterilized slant medium V with oese to aerobic cultivation 3 days at 28 DEG C-30 DEG C afterwards; The sterilising temp of described slant medium V is that 121 DEG C, sterilization time are 30min; And the component of this slant medium V: 200 grams of potatos, 20 grams of sucrose, agar 15-20 gram, water 1000ml, PH nature.
8. the cultivation method of interplanting santal in tea place according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the component of liquid nutrient medium I in described step (2): 10 grams of dusty yeasts, 1 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5 gram, magnesium sulfate, water 1000ml, PH7.0-7.2; The component of liquid nutrient medium II: 0.5 gram of dusty yeast, 20 grams, mannitol, 0.8 gram of 0.2 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.1 gram, calcium sulphate, 0.01 gram, iron chloride, 0.01 gram of sodium molybdate, water 1000ml, PH7.2; The component of liquid nutrient medium III: 10 grams of sucrose, 5 grams, calcium sulphate, 0.2 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5 grams, calcium carbonate, 0.2 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.2 gram, sodium chloride, water 1000ml, PH7.5; The component of liquid nutrient medium IV: 1.5 grams, sodium nitrate, 0.05 gram of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.08 gram, magnesium sulfate, 0.04 gram, calcium chloride, 0.02 gram, sodium carbonate, 0.006 gram of citric acid, 0.006 gram of ironic citrate, 0.001 gram, zinc sulphate, 0.001 gram of manganese chloride, water 1000ml, PH nature; The component of liquid nutrient medium V: 200 grams of potatos, 20 grams of sucrose, water 1000ml, PH nature.
9. the cultivation method of interplanting santal in tea place according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the component of fermentation medium I in described step (3): tangerine water 5%, dusty yeast 0.5%, peptone 1%, ammonium chloride 0.2%, sodium chloride 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, zinc sulphate 0.025%, ferrous sulfate 0.025%, surplus is water.
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| CN103988682B (en) | 2016-07-06 |
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| CN103992972A (en) | 2014-08-20 |
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| CN103436471A (en) | 2013-12-11 |
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