CN103890676B - 用于控制hvac***的恒温器和为恒温器产生时间表的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明描述了一种用户友好的可编程恒温器,其包括:接收用以改变设定点温度的即时控制输入;在预定时间间隔内根据所述设定点温度来控制温度;以及接着在所述预定时间间隔结束时使所述设定点温度自动复位,使得敦促用户进行其他即时控制输入。基于所述即时控制输入来自动地产生所述可编程恒温器的时间表。也描述了用于进行以下操作的方法:接收与用户的关于自动地产生时间表的偏好有关的用户输入;以及基于所述接收到的用户输入来确定是否自动地采用自动地产生的时间表。
Description
本申请案要求2011年10月21日提交的第61/550,345号美国临时申请的权益,所述临时申请案以引用方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明主要涉及对HVAC***和/或用于控制家用设施和/或资源的其他***的监测和控制。更明确地说,本发明的实施方案涉及用于方便监测和控制装置(诸如恒温器)的用户友好的安装和/或操作的***、方法和相关计算机程序产品。
背景技术
在大量的努力和关注继续放到更新且更可持续的能源供应的开发上的同时,通过能效增加而节省能源对世界的能源未来来说仍是至关重要的。根据美国能源部2010年10月的报告,加热和冷却占了普通美国家庭能源使用的56%,使得它成为大多数家庭的最大能源消费。随着与家庭加热和冷却相关联的物理机械设备的改进(例如,经改进的隔热、更高效率的炉),可以通过更好地控制和调节家庭加热和冷却设备来实现能效的大幅增加。通过在经过明智选择的时间间隔内以及以经过认真选择的操作水平来激活加热、通风和空调(HVAC)设备,可以节省大量能源,同时又使居住空间对于它里面的居住者来说是舒适的。
然而,历史上,大多数已知HVAC恒温控制***已倾向于落入两个相反类别中的一个,在大多数实际家庭环境中,这两个类别都没有被认为是最佳的。在第一类别中的是许多简单的、不可编程的家用恒温器,其各自通常包括用于设定所希望的温度的单个机械或电刻度盘以及单个加热-风扇-关闭-AC开关。虽然即使是最笨拙的居住者也易于使用,但是任何节能控制活动(例如,调整夜间温度或就在离家之前关闭所有加热/冷却)都必须由用户手动进行。因而,除了最警醒的用户之外,所有用户通常都会错失很多节能机会。此外,并未提供更先进的节能设置,例如指定触发对加热/冷却单元的开启所需的定制温度摆幅(即,所希望的设定温度与实际当前温度之间的差(例如,1到3度))的能力。
另一方面,在第二类别中的是许多可编程恒温器,所述恒温器由于能源之星(美国)和TCO(欧洲)标准而在近年来变得更普遍,并且所述恒温器在用于可个别地操纵的HVAC***的不同设置的数目方面已取得相当大的进展。然而,遗憾的是,用户通常被铺设在恒温器的面上或铺设在恒温器上的面板门后面的各种配置中的开关和控件的令人眼花缭乱的阵列吓到,并且很少会调整制造商默认值以优化他们自己的能源使用。因此,即使很多家庭中安装的可编程恒温器在技术上能够操作具有节能配置文件的HVAC设备,但是情况通常是在很多家庭中一直都是仅实施统一标准(one-size-fits-all)的制造商默认配置文件。实际上,在令人感到遗憾的很多情况中,家庭用户可能使所述单元永久地在“暂时”或“保持”模式下操作,手动地操纵所显示的设定温度,仿佛所述单元是简单的、不可编程的恒温器。因此,需要一种具有经改进的用户接口的恒温器,所述用户接口是简单的、直观的且便于使用,使得普通用户能够访问许多特征,例如对节能配置文件进行编程。
更一般来说,由于必定不可避免地涉及到人这个事实,在以下各项之间产生了矛盾:(i)HVAC控制***可供应的节能技巧的数量,和(ii)在很多家庭中节能技巧可用到实际日常使用中的程度。在多单元公寓楼、酒店、零售店、办公楼、工业建筑以及更一般来说具有一个或多个HVAC***的任何居住空间或工作空间的情景中,也出现类似问题。
已做出一些尝试以使更多数量的用户对可编程恒温器的编程更感兴趣。例如,第7181317号和第7634504号美国专利论述了用于对恒温器的配置信息进行编程的方法,其中向用户询问了一连串的访谈问题。存储用户对所述问题的答复且可基于所述用户答复来修改一个或多个时间表参数。然而,据信,此类方法很大程度上或完全依赖于用户的回答,并因此,如果人们在输入他们对问题的答复时犯错,那么将会导致能源的浪费和/或居住者不必要地经历令人不舒适的温度。
第7784704号美国专利论述了起初看似充当一般的手动恒温器的自编程恒温器。所述恒温器私下观察并学习用户的手动温度设定习惯并最终相应地对自身编程。所述恒温器在寻找模式,例如连续几天的三次类似手动超控。手动设定点改变超控当前的经编程设定点温度。然而,据信,可以对所论述的方法产生能效程序时间表的能力作进一步改进。
发明内容
根据一些实施方案,描述了一种恒温器,其包括:壳体;环形用户接口部件,其经配置以追踪来自用户的旋转输入运动;处理***,其安置在所述壳体内且耦合到所述环形用户接口部件,所述处理***经配置以与一个或多个温度传感器操作地通信以便接收环境气温,所述处理***还经配置以与HVAC***操作地通信以至少部分基于测量到的环境温度与设定点温度的比较来控制所述HVAC***,所述处理***还经配置以基于所述追踪到的旋转输入来识别用户想立即控制所述设定点温度值的愿望,所述处理***又还经配置以在预定时间间隔结束时使所述设定点温度自动复位到较少能耗的温度且至少部分基于对所述用户想立即控制所述设定点温度的愿望的重复识别来产生所述恒温器的时间表;以及电子显示器,其耦合到所述处理***且经配置以显示表示所识别的设定点温度值的信息。
根据一些实施方案,所述电子显示器沿所述恒温器壳体的正面安置,所述环形用户接口部件包括机械可旋转环,所述环基本上环绕所述电子显示器且还经配置成可由所述用户沿所述旋转输入运动的旋转轴的方向向内按压,并且所述机械可旋转环和所述壳体相互经配置以使得所述机械可旋转环在被向内按压时沿所述旋转轴的所述方向向内移动。根据一些实施方案,所述恒温器壳体的形状是大体圆盘状的,其中它的正面是圆形的,且其中所述机械可旋转环与所述圆盘状形状的外部横向周边大体上重合。
根据一些实施方案,所述电子显示器还经配置以向用户显示与所述时间表的产生有关的通知。根据一些实施方案,在少于90分钟的短时间间隔内识别出两个或多个即时控制设定点温度改变的情况中,所述时间表的所述产生是基于所述两个或多个识别中的最晚识别。根据一些实施方案,在所述HVAC***使用加热时的时间处所述设定点温度自动复位到低于华氏68度的基础设定点温度,并且在所述HVAC***使用冷却时的时间处所述设定点温度自动复位到高于华氏78度的基础设定点温度。根据一些实施方案,所述所产生的时间表被自动采用作为所述可编程恒温器的有效时间表。
根据一些实施方案,描述了一种用于为用于控制HVAC***的可编程恒温器产生时间表的方法,所述恒温器包括壳体、环形用户接口部件、处理***以及电子显示器。所描述的方法包括:存取一个或多个温度传感器测量到的环境气温;检测并追踪所述环形用户接口部件的旋转移动以追踪用户的至少一个旋转输入运动;在第一时间点时基于所述追踪到的旋转输入运动来识别第一设定点温度值;在预定时间间隔内至少部分基于所述测量到的环境气温与所述第一设定点温度值的比较来控制所述HVAC***;在所述预定时间间隔结束时使所述第一设定点温度自动复位;在第二时间点时基于所述追踪到的旋转输入运动来识别第二设定点温度值;在所述预定时间间隔内至少部分基于所述测量到的环境气温与所述第二设定点温度值的比较来控制所述HVAC***;在所述预定时间间隔结束时使所述第二设定点温度自动复位;借助所述处理***至少部分基于所述第一和第二设定点以及所述第一和第二时间点来产生所述可编程恒温器的时间表;以及在所述电子显示器上显示表示所述第一和第二经识别的设定点温度值的信息。
根据一些实施方案,所述所产生的时间表被自动采用作为所述可编程恒温器的有效时间表。根据其他实施方案,向用户通知所产生的时间表;以及接收关于是否采用所述所产生的时间表作为有效时间表的用户输入。
根据一些实施方案,描述了一种恒温器,其包括:圆盘状的壳体,其包括圆形的正面;电子显示器,其居中地安置于所述正面上;环形的环构件,其安置在所述居中安置的电子显示器四周,所述环形的环构件和所述壳体相互经配置以使得(i)所述环形的环构件可围绕所述恒温器的前后(front-to-back)轴旋转,以及(ii)所述环形的环构件沿所述前后轴的方向是可向内按压的;处理***,其安置在所述壳体内且耦合到所述环形的环构件;所述处理***经配置且经编程以基于用户对所述环形的环构件的旋转而动态地更改设定点温度值;所述处理***还经配置以与一个或多个温度传感器操作地通信以便接收环境气温,所述处理***又还经配置以与HVAC***操作地通信以至少部分基于测量到的环境温度与所述设定点温度值的比较来控制所述HVAC***;所述处理***又还经配置以从所述环形的环构件识别与所述用户的关于自动地产生时间表的偏好有关的用户输入以及由此确定是否自动地采用自动地产生的时间表。根据一些实施方案,包括耦合到所述处理***的音频输出装置,所述恒温器经配置以通过所述音频输出装置输出与用户对所述机械可旋转环的旋转对应的合成的可听得见的滴答声。
如本文中所使用,术语“HVAC”包括提供加热和冷却两者、仅提供加热、仅提供冷却的***以及提供其他居住者舒适性和/或调节功能性(例如加湿、除湿和通风)的***。
如本文中所使用,术语“住宅型”在涉及到HVAC***时是表示适合于对主要用作独户住宅的建筑物的内部进行加热、冷却和/或以其他方式进行调节的一类HVAC***。被视为住宅型的冷却***的实例的冷却容量小于大约5吨制冷(1吨制冷=12,000英热单位/小时)。
如本文中所使用,术语“轻型商业”在涉及到HVAC***时是表示适合于对主要用于商业用途的某一建筑物的内部进行加热、冷却和/或以其他方式进行调节的一类HVAC***,但就其大小和构造来说认为住宅型HVAC***是合适的。被视为住宅型的冷却***的实例的冷却容量小于大约5吨制冷。
如本文中所使用,术语“恒温器”表示用于调节参数(例如,围圈的至少一部分内的温度和/或湿度)的装置或***。术语“恒温器”可包括用于加热和/或冷却***或加热器或空调的组成部分的控制单元。
如本文中所使用,关于设定点温度的术语“即时控制输入”是指来自用户的立即更改当前有效的设定点温度的输入。因此,对恒温器的即时控制输入(有时也被称作“实时”设定点条目)指示用户想立即改变正由恒温器控制的HVAC***中的当前设定点温度的愿望。即时控制输入可由用户通过直接手动地与恒温器交互或通过使用远程用户接口(例如,通过使用移动电话、平板计算机和/或计算机上的网络接口)来进行。
如本文中所使用,术语“时间表改变输入”是指来自用户或其他来源的用于修改经编程时间表以实现设定点改变的输入。因此,用户对恒温器的时间表改变输入(有时也被称作“非实时”设定点条目或改变)指示用户想对恒温器的经编程设定点中的一者或多者进行改变的愿望。与用户希望立即影响当前有效的设定点的即时控制输入相反,时间表改变输入指示用户想要对将来将会变成有效的设定点进行改变(例如,温度或时间)的愿望。如在即时控制输入的情况中,用户可以通过直接手动地与恒温器交互或通过使用远程用户接口(例如,通过使用移动电话、平板电脑和/或计算机上的网络接口)来进行时间表改变输入。
应了解,这些***和方法是新颖的,其应用以及其中采用和包括的部件、***、方法和算法中的许多也一样是新颖。应了解,可以用众多方式来实施当前描述的创造性工作主体的实施方案,包括实施为过程、设备、***、装置、方法、计算机可读媒体、计算算法、嵌入式或分布式软件和/或其组合。下文将描述若干说明性实施方案。
附图说明
结合附图参考以下详细描述将易于理解创造性工作主体,在附图中:
图1是根据一些实施方案的其中环境条件受控的围圈的图;
图2是根据一些实施方案的HVAC***的图;
图3A-图3B图示了根据一些实施方案的具有用户友好接口的恒温器;
图4A-图4C示出了根据一些实施方案的用于具有学习和自编程能力的恒温器的用户接口的方面;
图5A-图5B示出了根据一些实施方案的用于产生程序的用户接口的方面;
图6A-图6C示出了根据一些实施方案的基于对基本问题(例如,图5B中所示的那些问题)的回答而产生的基本时间表的实例;
图7A-图7E示出了根据一些实施方案的用于恒温器的用户接口的方面,所述恒温器产生潜在的时间表调整且向用户建议它们以便查看和接受;
图8示出了根据一些实施方案的用于恒温器的基于网络的用户接口的实例,所述恒温器产生潜在的时间表调整且向用户建议它们以便查看和接受;
图9A-图9D示出了根据一些实施方案的用于适于学习居住者做出的即时控制输入并基于居住者做出的即时控制输入来产生时间表的恒温器的用户接口的方面;
图10A-图10D示出了根据一些实施方案的使用“平线”起始点且从即时控制输入中进行学习来自动地产生时间表的实例;以及
图11A-图11C示出了根据一些实施方案的使用“平线”起始点且从即时控制输入中进行学习来自动地产生时间表的实例。
具体实施方式
在下文提供对创造性工作主体的详细描述。虽然描述了若干实施方案,但是应理解,创造性工作主体不限于任何一个实施方案,而是包含众多的替代、修改和等效形式。另外,虽然在以下描述中陈述了众多具体细节以便提供对创造性工作主体的透彻理解,但是一些实施方案可以在没有这些细节中的一些或全部的情况下进行实践。此外,为了清楚起见,并未详细描述相关领域中已知的某些技术材料,以免不必要地混淆创造性工作主体。
图1是根据一些实施方案的其中环境条件受控的围圈的图。在此实例中,围圈100是独户住宅。根据其他实施方案,所述围圈可以是(例如)复式住宅、公寓楼内的公寓、例如办公室或零售店等轻型商业结构或为上述各项的组合的结构或围圈。如下文将进一步详细描述,恒温器110控制HVAC***120。根据一些实施方案,HVAC***120的冷却容量小于大约5吨。根据一些实施方案,远程装置112与恒温器110无线地通信,并且可用以向用户显示信息以及从装置112的远程位置接收用户输入。虽然许多实施方案在本文中被描述为由恒温器(例如恒温器110)进行,但是根据一些实施方案,使用远程装置(例如装置112),也可采用相同或类似技术。
图2是根据一些实施方案的HVAC***的图。HVAC***120为围圈(例如,图1中描绘的独户家庭100)提供加热、冷却、通风和/或空气处理。***120描绘了强制空气型加热***,但根据其他实施方案,可使用其他类型的***。在加热过程中,空气处理器240内的加热线圈或元件242经由管线236使用电或气体来提供热源。使用风扇238经由回气管道246通过过滤器270将冷空气从围圈抽出,并且通过加热线圈或元件242加热所述冷空气。经加热的空气经由供气管道***252和供气格栅(例如格栅250)在一个或多个位置处流回围圈中。在冷却过程中,外部压缩机230使例如氟利昂等气体传递通过一组热交换器线圈以冷却所述气体。所述气体接着去往空气处理器240中的冷却线圈234,在所述冷却线圈处,所述气体膨胀、冷却并使经由风扇238在围圈内循环的空气冷却。根据一些实施方案,也提供加湿器254。虽然图2中未示出,但根据一些实施方案,HVAC***具有其他已知功能性,例如与外部通风,且具有一个或多个节气闸以控制管道***内的气流。所述***通过经由与恒温器110通信的控制电子装置212实施的算法来控制。恒温器110通过很多控制电路来控制HVAC***120。恒温器110也包括处理***260,例如微处理器,所述处理***经调适且经编程以控制HVAC***以及进行本文中详细描述的技术。
图3A-图3B图示了根据一些实施方案的具有用户友好接口的恒温器。与许多现有技术的恒温器不同,恒温器300优选地具有时尚、简约、整洁和雅致的设计,所述设计不会有损于家庭装饰并且实际上可充当安装恒温器的当前位置处的令人赏心悦目的中心装饰品。此外,相比于常规设计,恒温器300的设计方便了用户与恒温器300的交互并使得所述交互得到极大增强。恒温器300包括控制电路且电连接到HVAC***,例如就图1和图2中的恒温器110所示的。恒温器300是壁装式的,并且形状是圆形的且具有用于接收用户输入的外部可旋转环312。恒温器300具有大的前部显示区域314。根据一些实施方案,恒温器300的直径是大约80mm。外部旋转环312允许用户进行调整,例如选择新的目标温度。例如,通过顺时针方向旋转外部环312,可增加目标温度,且通过逆时针方向旋转外部环312,可减小目标温度。在外部环312内有透明盖314,根据一些实施方案,所述透明盖是聚碳酸酯。在旋转环312内也有金属部分324,如所示,所述金属部分优选地具有多个窗。根据一些实施方案,盖314和金属部分324的表面形成向外平缓地成弧形的弯曲球面形状,所述形状与旋转环312的表面的一部分匹配。
根据一些实施方案,盖314被绕外部部分涂漆或用烟熏制,但将中央显示器316留为透明的以方便向用户显示信息。根据一些实施方案,弯曲的盖314充当倾向于放大在显示器316中向用户显示的信息的透镜。根据一些实施方案,中央显示器316是点阵式布局(可个别地寻址)而不是分段式布局,使得可产生任意的形状。根据一些实施方案,采用点阵式布局与分段式布局的组合。根据一些实施方案,中央显示器316是背光彩色液晶显示器(LCD)。在图3A中示出了信息的实例,其为中央的数字320。根据一些实施方案,金属部分324具有许多开口以便允许使用安装在部分324下面的被动红外接近传感器330。接近传感器以及其他技术可用以检测和/或预测居住,如共同待决的专利申请案美国第12/881,430号中进一步描述,所述专利申请案以引用方式并入本文中。根据一些实施方案,使用居住信息来产生有效且高效的排定程序。
根据一些实施方案,为了既激励用户信心又进一步促进视觉和功能上的雅致的组合目的,恒温器300仅受两种类型的用户输入控制,第一种是如图3A中所示的外部环312的旋转(下文被称作“旋转环”输入),且第二种是向内推动上部罩308(图3B)直到可听到和/或可触知到的“单击”发生(下文被称作“向内单击”输入)。根据一些实施方案,关于所采用的适宜用户接口和相关设计的更多细节,请参见共同待决的专利申请案美国第13/033,573号和美国第29/386,021号,所述各案均于2011年2月23日提交且以引用方式并入本文中。本专利说明书的主题进一步涉及以下共同受让的申请案的主题,所述各案均以引用方式并入本文中:2011年10月21日提交的美国第13/279,151号;2011年10月21日提交的美国临时第61/627,996号;2011年10月21日提交的美国临时第61/550,343号;以及2011年10月21日提交的美国临时第61/550,346号。
根据一些实施方案,恒温器300包括处理***360、显示驱动器364以及无线通信***366。处理***360适于致使显示驱动器364和显示区域316向用户显示信息,且适于经由旋转环312来接收用户输入。根据一些实施方案,处理***360能够维持并更新其中安装了HVAC***的围圈的热力学模型。关于热力学建模的更多细节,请参见已提交的第12/881,463号美国专利,所述专利以引用方式并入本文中。根据一些实施方案,无线通信***366用以与例如个人计算机和/或其他恒温器或HVAC***部件等装置通信。
图4A-图4C示出了根据一些实施方案的用于具有学习和自编程能力的恒温器的用户接口的方面。图4A示出了关于图3A-图3B描述的恒温器300的显示器316的实例。显示器316指示用户正在对恒温器的学习功能性进行设置。着色的圆盘410指示将输入的学习设置(假如使用向内单击来选择)涉及是否将向用户询问关于对程序时间表所做的改变。图4B示出了在用户使用向内单击进行选择之后的显示器316。在图4B中,向用户询问恒温器是否将自动地调整时间表。用户使用旋转环和向内单击来选择“是”或“否”。如果用户选择“是”,那么在步骤420中,恒温器将自动地产生一个或多个程序,例如本文中更全面地描述。根据一些实施方案,如果用户选择“否”,那么恒温器仍记录用户对设定温度的调整中的一些或全部,且根据某些准则(例如,为用户节省能源或成本)来产生所建议的时间表改变。根据一些实施方案,如果用户对关于自动地调整时间表的问题回答了“否”,那么如图4C的显示器316中所示,恒温器向用户询问恒温器是否将每周向用户建议改变。如果用户回答了“是”,那么在步骤422中,恒温器基于从用户的即时控制输入中进行学习并结合其他信息来产生时间表,且根据某些准则(例如,能源节省或成本节省)来周期性地向用户建议改变。如果用户回答了“否”,那么在步骤424中,恒温器不会产生任何程序,而是总是遵照用户设定的程序。
图5A-图5B示出了根据一些实施方案的用于产生程序的用户接口的方面。在图5A中,在恒温器显示如显示器316中所示的屏幕时,用户可使用向内单击输入来选择输入与时间表设置有关的设置问题(如着色圆盘510所指示)。图5B是示出了根据一些实施方案的为了产生基本时间表而可能向用户询问的问题的流程图。如从图5B的流程图512可看出,最初向用户询问了恒温器是安装在家里还是商店里。接着,询问了一些基本问题以产生基本时间表,例如中午通常是否有人在家、是否有人通常在晚上11点之后还没睡以及家里是不是有一台以上的恒温器。安装在商店里的恒温器也询问了类似的问题。根据一些实施方案,基于对图5B中的问题的回答来产生基本时间表。
图6A-图6C示出了根据一些实施方案的基于对基本问题(例如,图5B中所示的那些问题)的回答而产生的基本时间表的实例。在图6A中,曲线610示出了用于从星期二早上6点到星期三早上六点的设定点的基本时间表,所述时间表对应于用户指示在中午有人在家且用户指示有人在晚上11点通常已经睡了的家庭。如可见,设定点温度在早上7点从62度改变到72度,且接着保持在72度直到晚上10点,在晚上10点,它变回到62度。在图6B中,曲线612示出了对应于用户指示在中午没人在家且有人在晚上11点通常已经睡了的家庭的基本时间表。如可见,设定点温度在早上7点从62度改变到72度。接着,在早上9点,温度设回到62度直到下午5点,在下午5点,设定点改变到72度。从早上9点到下午5点将温度设回是由于用户指示中午通常没有人在家。在图6C中,曲线614对应于中午通常没有人在家且有人在晚上11点通常还没睡的用户指示。在这种情况中,傍晚设回时间被设为午夜。如可见,基本时间表受其所依据的简单问题所限制,并因此,居住者可能会感到不舒适,或者能源使用和成本可能会高于必要的。例如,居住者可能会在早上7点之前起床,或者他们可能会在68度而非72度下感到极其舒适。根据一些实施方案,向用户询问其他问题,例如是否有人通常在早上6:30起床,或者居住者在68度下是否感到舒适。然而,每一额外问题会有损于简单用户接口体验,以及基于错误的回答和/或被理解错的问题而引入潜在的错误。
根据一些实施方案,在基于少许简单问题产生基本时间表(例如图6A-图6C中所示)之后,恒温器从用户的即时控制输入中进行学习且周期性地建议或自动地实施满足某些准则的时间表改变。
图7A-图7E示出了根据一些实施方案的用于恒温器的用户接口的方面,所述恒温器产生潜在的时间表调整且向用户建议它们以便查看和接受。图7A示出了具有显示器316的恒温器300。消息气泡710叠置在显示器316上以获得用户的关注。根据一些实施方案,使用一个或多个接近传感器(未图示)来检测居住者何时接近恒温器300。在感测到正接近的居住者时,显示消息气泡710以便获得用户的关注。如果用户想要更多的信息,那么向内单击输入将产生图7B中所示的显示器316。在图7B中,恒温器向用户指示已计算出了据估计在上周本该节省大约10%的能源成本的新时间表。用户可以选择查看新时间表或者拒绝新时间表。如果用户表明了观看新时间表的愿望,那么显示动画,所述动画在示出当前时间表的图7C与示出所提出的新时间表的图7D之间交替。在图7C中,示出当前设定点温度722,且在下面示出适用时间724。在图7D中,示出了新的设定点温度722,且在下面示出新的时间724。如果存在对时间表的其他改变,那么可通过将环向右或向左旋转来存取所述改变。当用户看完新时间表时,在图7E中,向用户给出是否更新时间表的选择。
图8示出了根据一些实施方案的用于恒温器的基于网络的用户接口的实例,所述恒温器产生潜在的时间表调整且向用户建议它们以便查看和接受。计算机显示器810用以向用户显示恒温器所建议的时间表改变。用户可使用例如鼠标820等指向装置来移动指针822以提供输入。在窗口812中,在气泡814中询问用户是否将采用所显示的时间表改变。根据一些实施方案,可显示其他信息,例如与所提出的改变相关联的能源节省的估计量,以辅助用户做出决策。在实线圆中示出当前时间表,且在虚线圆中示出所提出的改变。例如,建议早上到62度的设回时间从上午9点(由实线圆830所示)改变到大约上午9:30(由虚线圆832所示),且建议到62度的傍晚设回时间从午夜(由实线圆840所示)改变到大概晚上10:15(由虚线圆842所示)。根据一些实施方案,可向用户提供“快捷”按钮或类似物以使用户容易地采用所有所建议的时间表改变。根据一些实施方案,用户也可使用如图8所示的接口以通过点击圆圈并沿时间线拖拽所述圆圈和/或通过改变一个或多个圆圈内的温度值来作出他们自己的调整和/或接受或拒绝特定的所建议改变。根据一些实施方案,可在用户的请求下显示例如图8所示的接口屏幕,或者可在中央服务器的请求下显示所述接口屏幕(例如推送技术中常见的)。根据一些实施方案,关于何时“推送”所建议时间表改变的通知的决策可至少部分基于能源和/或成本节省高于预定阈值或百分数值的估计。
虽然简单地观察和记录用户的即时控制输入在产生时间表和/或对现有排定程序的调整上可能是有用的,但出乎意料的是,已发现在周期性地敦促用户输入设置以维持或改善用户舒适度时,恒温器可以更有效率地进行学习并产生使用户更舒适同时又节省能源和成本的排定程序。用周期性地敦促手动输入来烦用户起初可能看似与用户友好体验背道而驰,但是已发现,这种技术非常快速地允许恒温器产生改善用户舒适度同时又节省成本的时间表,并因此变成总体上是十分用户友好的。
因此,根据一些优选实施方案,用户的设定点改变在预定量的时间之后会自动期满。通过在预定量的时间之后自动地复位或设回用户的设定点调整,敦促用户重复地进行设定点改变以维持或改善舒适度。因此,恒温器能够进行学习并产生在居住者的舒适度以及能效和成本节省方面有效率得多的时间表。以此方式,恒温器可以学习居住者认为感到舒适的设定点温度、以及用户受益于设定点改变的一天中的时间、以及可将设定点温度设回以便节省成本和能源同时又对居住者舒适度具有很少影响或没有影响的一天中的时间(例如在受调节区没有人的时段期间)。
图9A-图9D示出了根据一些实施方案的用于适于学习居住者做出的即时控制改变并基于居住者做出的即时控制改变来产生时间表的恒温器的用户接口的方面。在图9A中,恒温器300使用显示器316来使用消息气泡920告知用户恒温器处在正在学习以便产生适合于居住者的时间表的过程中。要求用户频繁地调整恒温器以使用户感到舒适。如图9A所示,当前设定点温度被设为华氏62度,如设定点刻度910所指示。在图9B中,用户通过旋转外部环312来调整所述设定点温度或进行即时控制输入,以改善舒适度。当前温度是华氏62度,如当前温度刻度912所指示,且设定点已被调整到75,如设定点刻度910和大的中央数字所指示。另外,通过闪烁的“学习”消息922来提醒用户恒温器正在进行学习。图9C示出了在即时控制输入(例如关于图9B所描述)之后的显示器316。根据一些实施方案,如上文所描述,即时控制输入在预定量的时间之后期满,以便增强恒温器300进行学习并产生有效且高效的时间表的能力。华氏75度的当前温度是以大的中央数字来显示。设定点温度通过设定点刻度910来示出,所述设定点温度是作为即时控制输入手动输入的。在消息930中告知用户即时控制输入将在晚上6:35自动期满。根据替代实施方案,消息930显示倒数定时器,其示出了离用户的即时控制输入期满还剩多少分钟。图9D示出了消息气泡932,所述消息气泡告知用户应就在去睡觉之前手动输入令人感到舒适的夜间温度。根据一些实施方案,在一个或多个接近传感器检测到居住者正在接近恒温器300时的一天中的某一时间(例如晚上9点)之后自动地显示例如图9D所示的消息。
相当出乎意料的是,已发现,在许多情况中,当用于搜集用户的输入的起始点是可能会令许多用户感到相当不舒适但节省很多能源的“平线”或恒定温度时,恒温器可更快速且高效地产生平衡用户舒适度与成本和能源节省的时间表。例如,在主要是需要加热(而非冷却)时的地理位置和一年中的某些时间中恒温器的起始点或初始设置是恒定的低温,例如华氏62度。在主要是需要冷却时的地理位置和一年中的某些时间中,起始“平线”是例如华氏85度。已发现,在许多情形中,此“平线”起始点在与用户的即时控制输入在预定量的时间之后自动复位或期满结合时比以基于许多基本问题(例如图5B所示)的基本时间表开始更有效。
图10A-图10D示出了根据一些实施方案的使用“平线”起始点且从即时控制输入中进行学***线”62度的起始点时间表1010。根据一些实施方案,使用许多准则来选择起始点温度。首先,应做出关于很可能需要加热还是冷却的确定。在由恒温器控制的HVAC***具有加热和冷却两种功能性的情况中,在许多情况或大多数情况中,可使用从基本设置信息中知道或搜集到的地理位置(例如,使用邮政或ZIP编码)与一年中的时间(从日期得知)的组合来确定将使用哪种功能性。然而,在一些位置和一年中的某些时间中,可能不清楚用户是想主要使用加热还是冷却。根据一些实施方案,在此类情况中使用用户的初次即时控制输入。例如,如果用户进行了将温度设成高于环境温度的即时控制输入,那么假定想要的是加热。根据其他实施方案,在此类情况中,使用消息气泡或类似物来询问用户。其次,应做出关于应将何温度用作基础“平线”的确定。根据一些实施方案,选择许多或大多数居住者会认为至少有点不舒适的温度,使得居住者将很可能希望进行即时控制输入以改善舒适度。然而,基础温度不应令人感到很不舒适,因为这样做将会使居住者不必要地经历不舒适。已发现,当需要加热时,对于许多地理位置来说,60度与64度之间的基础值是合适的。
根据一些实施方案,例如使用如图9A所示的消息气泡来通知用户恒温器正在试图进行学习并产生时间表。在图10B中,曲线1012示出了一整天中用户的即时控制输入,且曲线1014示出了恒温器所感测到的室内温度。在大概是早上7:15的时间1020时,用户进行了即时控制输入以将设定点温度从62度改变为72度。根据一些实施方案,设定点温度被设定为在预定量的时间(在此实例中,为两个小时)之后自动期满。因此,在大概上午9:15时,设定点自动地设回到基线值62度。在此实例中,用户一整天都不在家,并因此,在用户回家之前都不进行任何即时控制输入。在大概是下午5:20的时间1022时,用户进行了将设定点调整到68度的即时控制输入。在此实例中,预定的期满时段是两个小时,因此设定点大概在晚上7:20时自动设回到62度。根据一些实施方案,使用例如图9C所示的消息来向用户告知期满时间。仍参考图10B,在大概是晚上7:45的时间1024时,用户进行了将设定点温度调整到69度的即时控制输入。设定点在两个小时之后(即,大概在晚上9:45)自动设回到62度。在此实例中,居住者在9:45之前或在9:45之后不久就去睡觉了,所以那天不再进行其他即时控制输入。
图10C示出了基于前一天的用户即时控制输入(如图10B所示)而产生的时间表曲线1016。在早上7:15将温度设为72度,直到在上午9:15才将它设回到62度。在5:20,将温度设为69度,直到在晚上9:45才将它设回到62度。请注意,一天中的时间以及设定点温度都用来产生图10C所示的时间表。另外,根据一些实施方案,忽略从温度自动设回时的7:20到用户进行即时控制输入时的7:45的短间隔。并且,傍晚的设定点温度68度和69度不相同,且使用平均设定温度或较晚的设定温度,在此种情况中是69度。
根据一些实施方案,排定设定点片段的最短时间被设为60分钟。如果两个即时控制输入在彼此相隔60分钟之内发生,那么通常将使用较晚的即时控制输入,而将忽略较早的一个或多个设置。图10D图示了一些实例性情形,其中曲线1030示出了经过手动和自动调整的恒温器的设定点温度,且曲线1032示出了恒温器感测到的当前室内温度。在大概是早上7:15的时间1040时,用户进行了即时控制输入,将设定点改变为77度,但大约30分钟之后,即,在大概是早上7:45的时间1044时,用户进行了即时控制输入,将设定点改变为72度。由于所述两个即时控制输入在短时间内(在此种情况中是30分钟)发生,因此假定第一设置是错误的且为了自动产生的时间表将它忽略。类似地,在时间1046时,进行即时控制输入,且大概20分钟之后,即时控制输入将温度复位到基线水平。由于实际上取消了设置,因此假定所述设置是错误的且为了自动产生的时间表将它忽略。另一方面,根据一些实施方案,如果即时控制输入在45分钟或更长时间内都没有复位,那么不忽略所述即时控制输入,且在所产生的时间表中将会创建持续时间是60分钟的片段。请注意,遵照所描述的规则,如曲线1030中所示的即时控制输入将会产生如图10C中的曲线1016所示的自动产生的时间表。
图11A-图11C示出了根据一些实施方案的使用“平线”起始点且从即时控制输入中进行学***线”基础值的实例是80度的设定点曲线1110,在认为主要是需要冷却(例如,如上文所描述,基于地理位置以及一年中的时间)时,80度是适宜的。在图11B中,曲线1112示出了来自即时控制输入和自动复位的设定点设置,且曲线1114示出了恒温器感测到的环境室内温度。在此实例中,预定期满时间(或复位时间)是1.5个小时。在早上7:10,用户进行即时控制输入,将设定点设为70度。所述设定点维持1.5个小时,且在早上8:40,设定点自动设回到80度。在下午5:11,用户回到家,且进行即时控制输入,将设定点设为73度并维持1.5个小时。在晚上6:41,此设定点“期满”且设定点自动设回到基础值80度。在晚上7:16,用户再次进行即时控制输入,但这时是设为72度。在晚上8:46,此设定点“期满”且设定点自动设回到基础值80度。在晚上9:44,用户再次进行即时控制输入,将设定点设为72度。在晚上11:14,此设定点期满,但用户不再进行其他即时控制输入。图11C示出了基于图11B的曲线1112中所示的用户输入而自动产生的时间表1116的实例。在时间表1116中,在早上7:10与早上8:40之间使设定点为70度。在这天中,假定房子里没人(因为在图11B所示的学习日没有进行即时控制输入),且温度设回到80度。在下午5:11,温度设为73度,且接着从晚上7:16到晚上11:14,温度设为72度。
请注意,在图10A-图10D所示的实例中,预定期满时间是2个小时,且在图11A-图11C所示的实例中,预定期满时间是1.5个小时。已发现,如果用户的即时控制输入在其之后会期满的时间段短于30分钟,那么这样通常会对居住者造成过多困扰。另一方面,如果所述时间大于6小时,那么所得的所产生时间表很可能会造成成本和能源浪费,因为没有准确地捕捉到没人和/或睡觉的时段。根据一些实施方案,所述时间段大于1个小时且小于或等于5个小时。根据一些优选实施方案,已发现1.5个小时与3个小时之间的时间段可以在所得时间表对居住者的困扰与能效之间达成非常好的折中。
根据一些实施方案,可以对工作日和周末日单独地进行本文中关于图9-图11描述的学***线”学***线”学习过程,因为假定对于许多人来说工作日和周末日的时间表是很不同的。
根据一些实施方案,即使在激活了时间表之后,所描述的学习过程仍在继续。例如,在学习过程之后,产生并激活如图10C和/或图11C所示的时间表。恒温器继续通过观察和记录即时控制输入来进行学习。在进行了重复的即时控制输入之后,做出关于是自动实施时间表改变还是向用户建议时间表改变的决策。根据一些实施方案,如果用户连续三天进行了类似的即时控制输入(其中“类似”被定义为(例如)在彼此相隔60分钟做出5度之内的调整),那么自动地输入时间表改变(并通知用户),或者向用户建议时间表改变输入。根据一些实施方案,估计的能源和/或成本节省也用作用于实施或建议时间表改变输入的准则。
根据一些实施方案,如上文所描述的持续学***线”开始可以更有效地学习用户的偏好。根据一些实施方案,在用户已指示他们希望手动输入他们自己的排定程序的情况中,也进行持续学习过程。在此类情况中,例如,可根据能源和/或成本节省的潜能来建议对时间表的改变。
根据一些实施方案,居住数据也可并入到自动地产生时间表以供用户采用和/或向用户建议的过程中。已发现,在使用一定时间段(其中所述时间相当长,例如三个小时或三个小时以上)之后自动设回的情况中,居住数据特别有用。在恒温器安装在相当大的住宅里的情况中,对于相对较短的时间段来说,基于局部的接近的居住感测可能并不准确,因为居住者可能只是在所述时间段期间处在所述住宅的不同地方。然而,如果超过两个小时都没有感测到恒温器附近有人,那么所述住宅实际上没人的可能性增大。
虽然已为清楚起见而稍详细地描述了前述内容,但是将明显的是,在不脱离本发明的原理的情况下,可以进行某些改变和修改。应注意,存在实施本文所述的过程和设备两者的许多替代方法。因此,当前的实施方案将被视为说明性的而非限制性的,且创造性工作主体不限于本文所给出的细节,在所附权利要求书的范围和等效形式内,可对所述细节进行修改。
Claims (29)
1.一种用于控制HVAC***的恒温器,其特征在于,包括:
壳体;
环形用户接口部件,其经配置以追踪来自用户的旋转输入运动;
处理***,其安置在所述壳体内且耦合到所述环形用户接口部件,所述处理***经配置以与一个或多个温度传感器操作地通信以便接收环境气温,所述处理***还经配置以与所述HVAC***操作地通信以至少部分基于测量到的环境温度与设定点温度的比较来控制所述HVAC***,所述处理***还经配置以基于所述追踪到的旋转输入来识别用户想立即控制所述设定点温度值的愿望,所述处理***又还经配置以在预定时间间隔结束时使所述设定点温度自动复位到较少能耗的温度且至少部分基于对所述用户想立即控制所述设定点温度的愿望的重复识别来产生所述恒温器的时间表;以及
电子显示器,其耦合到所述处理***且经配置以显示表示所识别的设定点温度值的信息,
其中,所述电子显示器沿所述恒温器壳体的正面安置;所述环形用户接口部件包括机械可旋转环,所述机械可旋转环环绕所述电子显示器且还经配置成可由所述用户沿所述旋转输入运动的旋转轴的方向向内按压;以及所述机械可旋转环和所述壳体相互经配置以使得所述机械可旋转环在被向内按压时沿所述旋转轴的所述方向向内移动。
2.如权利要求1所述的恒温器,其特征在于,所述恒温器壳体的形状是圆盘状的,其中它的所述正面是圆形的,且其中所述机械可旋转环与所述圆盘状形状的外部横向周边重合。
3.如权利要求1所述的恒温器,其特征在于,所述恒温器经配置以使得所述环形用户接口部件的所述旋转输入运动和所述向内按压表示对所述恒温器的单独物理用户输入。
4.如权利要求1所述的恒温器,其特征在于,所述预定时间间隔是至少1个小时且少于4个小时。
5.如权利要求4所述的恒温器,其特征在于,所述预定时间间隔是至少1.5个小时且少于3个小时。
6.如权利要求1所述的恒温器,其特征在于,所述电子显示器还经配置以向用户显示与所述时间表的产生有关的通知。
7.如权利要求1所述的恒温器,其特征在于,所述处理***又还经配置以使得在少于90分钟的短时间间隔内识别出两个或多个即时控制设定点温度改变的情况中,所述时间表的所述产生是基于所述两个或多个识别中的最晚识别。
8.如权利要求1所述的恒温器,其特征在于,所述处理***又还经配置以使得在所述HVAC***使用加热时的时间处所述设定点温度自动复位到低于华氏68度的基础设定点温度,并且在所述HVAC***使用冷却时的时间处所述设定点温度自动复位到高于华氏78度的基础设定点温度。
9.如权利要求1所述的恒温器,其特征在于,所述处理***又还经配置以使得所述所产生的时间表被自动采用作为所述恒温器的有效时间表。
10.一种用于为用于控制HVAC***的可编程恒温器产生时间表的方法,所述可编程恒温器包括壳体、环形用户接口部件、处理***以及电子显示器,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
存取一个或多个温度传感器测量到的环境气温;
检测并追踪所述环形用户接口部件的旋转移动以追踪用户的至少一个旋转输入运动;
在第一时间点时基于所述追踪到的旋转输入运动来识别第一设定点温度值;
在预定时间间隔内至少部分基于所述测量到的环境气温与所述第一设定点温度值的比较来控制所述HVAC***;
在所述预定时间间隔结束时使所述第一设定点温度自动复位;
在第二时间点时基于所述追踪到的旋转输入运动来识别第二设定点温度值;
在所述预定时间间隔内至少部分基于所述测量到的环境气温与所述第二设定点温度值的比较来控制所述HVAC***;
在所述预定时间间隔结束时使所述第二设定点温度自动复位;
借助所述处理***至少部分基于所述第一设定点和所述第二设定点以及所述第一时间点和所述第二时间点来产生所述可编程恒温器的时间表;以及
在所述电子显示器上显示表示所述第一设定点温度值和所述第二设定点温度值的信息,
其中,所述电子显示器沿所述可编程恒温器的壳体的正面安置;所述环形用户接口部件包括机械可旋转环,所述机械可旋转环环绕所述电子显示器且还经配置成可由所述用户沿所述旋转输入运动的旋转轴的方向向内按压;以及所述机械可旋转环和所述壳体相互经配置以使得所述机械可旋转环在被向内按压时沿所述旋转轴的所述方向向内移动。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述预定时间间隔是至少30分钟且少于6个小时。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法,其特征在于,所述预定时间间隔是2个小时。
13.如权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一设定点和所述第二设定点的所述复位使所述设定点温度复位回到基础设定点温度。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括至少部分基于一年中的时间以及所述HVAC***的地理位置来复位所述基础设定点温度。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述HVAC***使用加热时的时间处,所述基础设定点温度低于华氏68度。
16.如权利要求14所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述HVAC***使用冷却时的时间处,所述基础设定点温度高于华氏78度。
17.如权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括在所述电子显示器上显示指示已产生所述时间表的通知。
18.如权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一设定点和所述第二设定点的所述复位使所述设定点温度复位回到先已存在的时间表。
19.如权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括自动采用所述所产生的时间表作为所述可编程恒温器的有效时间表。
20.如权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括:
在所述电子显示器上显示指示已产生所述时间表的通知;以及
识别关于是否采用所述所产生的时间表作为有效时间表的用户输入。
21.如权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括:
在远程用户接口上显示指示已产生所述时间表的通知;以及
使用所述远程用户接口来识别用户是否想采用所述所产生的时间表作为有效时间表的愿望。
22.一种用于控制HVAC***的恒温器,其特征在于,包括:
圆盘状的壳体,其包括圆形的正面;
电子显示器,其居中地安置于所述正面上;
环形的环构件,其安置在所述居中安置的电子显示器四周,所述环形的环构件和所述壳体相互经配置以使得(i)所述环形的环构件可围绕所述恒温器的前后轴旋转,以及(ii)所述环形的环构件沿所述前后轴的方向是可向内按压的;
处理***,其安置在所述壳体内且耦合到所述环形的环构件;
所述处理***经配置且经编程以基于用户对所述环形的环构件的旋转而动态地更改设定点温度值;
所述处理***还经配置以与一个或多个温度传感器操作地通信以便接收环境气温,所述处理***又还经配置以与所述HVAC***操作地通信以至少部分基于测量到的环境温度与所述设定点温度值的比较来控制所述HVAC***;
所述处理***又还经配置以从所述环形的环构件识别与所述用户的关于自动地产生时间表的偏好有关的用户输入以及由此确定是否自动地采用自动地产生的时间表。
23.如权利要求22所述的恒温器,其特征在于,所述经识别的用户输入识别是否应自动地采用自动地产生的时间表。
24.如权利要求22所述的恒温器,其特征在于,所述经识别的用户输入识别所述用户是否更喜欢接收今后的关于对自动地产生的时间表的采用的通知。
25.如权利要求24所述的恒温器,其特征在于,所述处理***又还经配置以至少部分基于所述经识别的用户输入来确定是否向所述用户通知所述用户希望采用的自动产生的时间表。
26.如权利要求25所述的恒温器,其特征在于,对是否通知所述用户的所述确定是部分基于与所述自动产生的时间表相关联的所估计的成本和/或能源节省。
27.如权利要求22所述的恒温器,其特征在于,所述经识别的用户输入识别所述用户是否更喜欢手动输入所述恒温器的时间表。
28.如权利要求22所述的恒温器,其特征在于,还包括耦合到所述处理***的音频输出装置,所述恒温器经配置以通过所述音频输出装置输出与用户对所述环形的环构件的旋转对应的合成的可听得见的滴答声。
29.如权利要求22所述的恒温器,其特征在于,还包括所述一个或多个温度传感器,其中所述处理***经配置且经编程以至少部分基于所述测量到的环境气温与所述设定点温度值的所述比较来将至少一个控制信号发送到所述HVAC***。
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WO2013059671A1 (en) | 2013-04-25 |
US9298196B2 (en) | 2016-03-29 |
US20130099011A1 (en) | 2013-04-25 |
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