CN103785873A

CN103785873A - Precise pneumatic chuck

Info

Publication number: CN103785873A
Application number: CN201410051859.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王雷; 孙传智; 谭久彬; 杨文国
Original assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2014-02-14
Filing date: 2014-02-14
Publication date: 2014-05-14
Anticipated expiration: 2034-02-14
Also published as: CN103785873B

Abstract

The invention provides a precise pneumatic chuck and belongs to workpiece clamping appliances. An upper plate and a lower plate are fixedly installed on the upper end face and the lower end face of a cylinder body respectively, a wedged-shaped block is fixedly installed on the upper plate, a piston assembly is installed in a center hole of the wedge-shaped block in an inserted mode and located in a closed cavity of the cylinder body, a seal ring is assembled on the outer circle surface of a piston portion of the piston assembly, the piston assembly is sleeved with a laminated spring, the upper end face and the lower end face of the laminated spring are in contact fit with the upper plate and the piston assembly respectively, and an air inlet hole and exhaust holes are formed in the lower plate and the cylinder body respectively; an elastic hinge block is arranged outside the wedge-shaped block in a sleeved mode, an adapter plate is installed at the upper end of the piston assembly through pre-tensioned screws and fixedly connected with the elastic hinge block, an adjusting rotary knob is assembled on the adapter plate, and a limiting screw and a limiting column are installed on the adapter plate in an inserted mode and in threaded connection with the wedge-shaped block. The precise pneumatic chuck is simple in structure, good in operation quality, high in reliability and strong in adaptive capacity.

Description

Precise pneumatic chuck

Technical field

The invention belongs to work binder tool, relate generally to the accurate annular workpieces clamping device in equipment manufacture field.

Background technology

In ultraprecise metrology and measurement and ultraprecise manufacture field, at a high speed, clamping device stable, registration is the basic guarantee that carries out accurate measurement and aero-engine assembling.At present, along with the progress of material science, and the raising of the accuracy class of ultra precise measurement instrument and ultraprecise processing and manufacturing equipment, the design application of high-precision annular workpieces is more and more extensive, and the utensil in its process becomes the basis that guarantees machining accuracy.

HeFei University of Technology proposes the axial fastening chuck of a kind of oscillating rod type (the axial fastening chuck of a kind of oscillating rod type.Patent publication No.: CN201210212982.1).This conceptual design power chuck body and expansion chuck body, be radially uniformly distributed three chutes and be embedded with end pawl and pawling, top is provided with oscillating bar assembly, this structure can overcome the Workpiece structure problem that tradition chuck is difficult to clamping when complicated.The problem of this scheme is, adopts axial grip, is not suitable for thin wall cylinder-shaped workpiece.

Beijing Qixing Huachuang Electronics Co., Ltd proposes a kind of disk clamping device (disk clamping device.Patent publication No.: CN201110365937.5).This scheme mainly comprises chuck main body, cam, limited block, at least three hold assemblies, when cam rotates with chuck main body, limited block is radially fixed described hold assembly along chuck main body, the feature of this structure is the clip position that does not limit manipulator, has realized the clamping to pan in the situation of or else damaging clipped object part.The problem of this scheme is, adopts wild card design, and hold assembly can produce deformation to profile, very important concerning ultraprecise part.

Patent No. US4840387 has proposed the work in coordination chucking device of tight lock of a kind of halfnut and chuck, the feature of this structure is that reliability is high, can facilitate manual adjustments chuck to tighten degree, problem is that structure is complicated a little, need the ratio of corresponding raising device for the clamping of large-scale workpiece, cause the frictional force of adjusting to increase, be unfavorable for assembling and be installed.

On the whole, traditional scroll chuck, multi-jaw chuck clamping device, because of self natural defect to workpiece discontinuity, make likely surface of the work to be produced in assembling process the damage of unrepairable.And more and more workpiece large-scale, super sized ring design constantly occur, traditional scroll chuck, the volume of multi-jaw chuck clamping device should the corresponding growths along with the increase of annulus external diameter, in financial cost, do not preponderate all the more, the design of limit design personnel to large-scale ring workpiece on the contrary simultaneously.

Therefore, design a shortcoming that can overcome traditional chuck structure, and have that stability is high simultaneously, registration, clamping device to advantages such as workpiece surface damage are little, significant to accurate assembling manufacturing industry.

Summary of the invention

Object of the present invention is exactly the problem existing for above-mentioned prior art, and in conjunction with actual demand, design provides a kind of precise pneumatic chuck, reaches and improves accurate annular workpieces crudy, object adaptable, easy to use.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

On the upper and lower end face of stack shell, be closely fixedly mounted with respectively upper plate and lower plate, wedge is fixedly fitted on upper plate, in the inner formation of stack shell airtight chamber, the bar portion of piston assembly is inserted in wedge centre bore, the piston portion of piston assembly is fitted in the inner airtight chamber forming of stack shell, airtight chamber is separated into upper chamber and the lower chambers cut off completely, equipped sealing ring on the piston region outer round surface of piston assembly, folded spring is sleeved in piston assembly, and be positioned at stack shell upper chamber, the upper surface of described folded spring contacts cooperation with upper plate lower surface, the lower surface of folded spring contacts cooperation by packing ring with the piston portion of piston assembly, the air admission hole being communicated with stack shell lower chambers is set in lower plate, the steam vent being communicated with stack shell upper chamber is set on stack shell top, the elastic hinge piece that can radially shrink or expand is sleeved on wedge upside outside, on the bar portion upper end of piston assembly, be fixedly mounted with keyset by pretension screw, described keyset and elastic hinge piece are affixed, by threaded engagement, adjustment knob is fitted on keyset, stop screw and limited post are inserted on keyset, and stop screw and limited post are threaded with wedge, so far form precise pneumatic chuck.

The good result of technological innovation of the present invention and generation is:

Take air as medium, utilize the compressibility of air, realize central gas supply, Machine Design and maintenance are simplified greatly; Uniform force application, reduces the non-linear effects that unbalance stress produces; Can realize the Based Intelligent Control of operating rate, the easy adjusting of input and output torque and operating rate; Simple in structure, light, installation and maintenance are simple, low cost of manufacture, reliability is high, long service life can realize buffering.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Accompanying drawing is that precise pneumatic chuck entirety is shown structure intention.

Piece number in figure: 1-lower plate; 1-1-air admission hole; 2-sealing ring; 3-folds spring; 4-piston assembly; 5-elastic hinge piece; 6-stop screw; 7-pretension screw; 8-adjusts knob; 9-limited post; 10-keyset; 11-wedge; 12-packing ring; 13-upper plate; 14-stack shell; 14-1-steam vent.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail.

A kind of precise pneumatic chuck, is characterized in that: on the upper and lower end face of stack shell 14, be closely fixedly mounted with respectively upper plate 13 and lower plate 1, wedge 11 is fixedly fitted on upper plate 13, in the inner formation of stack shell 14 airtight chamber, the bar portion of piston assembly 4 is inserted in wedge 11 centre bores, the piston portion of piston assembly 4 is fitted in the inner airtight chamber forming of stack shell 14, airtight chamber is separated into upper chamber and the lower chambers cut off completely, equipped sealing ring 2 on the piston region outer round surface of piston assembly 4, folded spring 3 is sleeved in piston assembly 4, and be positioned at stack shell 14 upper chamber, the upper surface of described folded spring 3 contacts cooperation with upper plate 13 lower surfaces, the lower surface of folded spring 3 contacts cooperation by packing ring 12 with the piston portion of piston assembly 4, the air admission hole 1-1 being communicated with stack shell 14 lower chambers is set in lower plate 1, on stack shell 14 tops, the steam vent 14-1 being communicated with stack shell 14 upper chamber is set, the elastic hinge piece 5 that can radially shrink or expand is sleeved on wedge 11 upside outsides, on the bar portion upper end of piston assembly 4, be fixedly mounted with keyset 10 by pretension screw 7, described keyset 10 is affixed with elastic hinge piece 5, by threaded engagement, adjustment knob 8 is fitted on keyset 10, stop screw 6 and limited post 9 are inserted on keyset 10, and stop screw 6 and limited post 9 are threaded with wedge 11.

When operation is used, compressed air is via the bottom chamber of air admission hole 1-1 input stack shell 14, the folded spring 3 of piston assembly 4 compression, and promote piston assembly 4 and do work, drive keyset 10, elastic hinge piece 5 to move upward, the epicoele room air of stack shell 14 is discharged through steam vent 14-1 simultaneously, elastic hinge piece 5 and wedge 11 are disengaged, elastic hinge piece 5 shrinks, and elastic hinge piece 5 tops contact with annular workpiece, the clamping of implement device and workpiece; Remove after compressed air, folded spring 3 elastic force externally do work, promoting piston assembly 4 moves downward, and then make elastic hinge piece 5 and wedge 11 pressurized again, the radial component of contact-making surface expands outwardly elastic hinge piece 5, elastic hinge piece 5 tops and annular workpiece disengage again, and implement device separates with workpiece.

In the outer card holder of the accurate annular workpieces of described pneumatic type, stop screw 6 is for limited piston assembly 4 movement travel upwards, and then the shrinkage degree of restriction elastic hinge piece 5; Adjust knob 8 and be used in conjunction with limited post 9, by the height of prior setting limited post 9, rotation is adjusted knob 8 and is made the two contact, then can accurately limit the degree that expands outwardly of elastic hinge piece 5.

Claims

1. a precise pneumatic chuck, it is characterized in that: on the upper and lower end face of stack shell (14), be closely fixedly mounted with respectively upper plate (13) and lower plate (1), it is upper that wedge (11) is fixedly fitted in upper plate (13), in the inner formation of stack shell (14) airtight chamber, the bar portion of piston assembly (4) is inserted in wedge (11) centre bore, the piston portion of piston assembly (4) is fitted in the inner airtight chamber forming of stack shell (14), airtight chamber is separated into upper chamber and the lower chambers cut off completely, equipped sealing ring (2) on the piston region outer round surface of piston assembly (4), folded spring (3) is sleeved in piston assembly (4), and be positioned at stack shell (14) upper chamber, the upper surface of described folded spring (3) contacts cooperation with upper plate (13) lower surface, the lower surface of folded spring (3) contacts cooperation by packing ring (12) with the piston portion of piston assembly (4), at the upper air admission hole (1-1) being communicated with stack shell (14) lower chambers that arranges of lower plate (1), the steam vent (14-1) being communicated with stack shell (14) upper chamber is set on stack shell (14) top, the elastic hinge piece (5) that can radially shrink or expand is sleeved on wedge (11) upside outside, on the bar portion upper end of piston assembly (4), be fixedly mounted with keyset (10) by pretension screw (7), described keyset (10) is affixed with elastic hinge piece (5), to adjust knob (8) by threaded engagement is fitted on keyset (10), it is upper that stop screw (6) and limited post (9) are inserted into keyset (10), and stop screw (6) and limited post (9) are threaded with wedge (11).