CN1037180A - 通过包缠纱线加固空心纤维膜 - Google Patents
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Abstract
将5-350条空心纤维分离膜加工成束,并用
20-120旦的纱线以螺旋形缠绕。当使用干膜制造渗
透器时该纤维束更易处理,因此使纤维断开和损坏显
著减少。
Description
本发明涉及一种适于作为分离膜的螺旋包缠的空心纤维束,以及制造这种纤维束的方法。
美国专利4,599,884披露了在制造空心纤维束时同时使用一种缝纫缝来防止对该纤维的损坏。
图1所示是用于收集纺丝及骤冷后的空心纤维膜的容器(小罐)的侧视示意图。
图2是该种空心纤维膜在该容器(小罐)中排布图案的顶视图。
图3是实施本发明的该种方法所用的旋转轴的示意图。
本发明的该种方法包括在空心纤维膜的复丝束外面以螺旋形状包缠细旦数纱线或单丝。这些细旦数纱线或单丝在其后的纤维处理步骤中将多条纤维的空心纤维束固定在一起。这种经加固的空心纤维束在其后的纤维处理步骤中不容易受损坏。此外,应用这种加固的空心纤维束使含有该种空心纤维膜的渗透器中的填装密度增加。由于填装密度加大,使渗透器的生产能力提高。
按照本发明应用螺旋形包缠来加固空心纤维膜束,可以消除由于静电荷或其他机械力的作用使空心纤维膜张开,从而使该种空心纤维膜减少断开或其他损坏。于是这种易损坏的空心纤维膜通过这种螺旋形包缠,就在制造渗透器标准件所需的纤维处理步骤中不至于断开。由于改进空心纤维膜处理步骤的结果,即可由这种螺旋形包缠的空心纤维膜制成对于一个流体流中两个组分具更高选择性的渗透器标准件。
通过挤压一种聚合物在适当溶剂中的15-30%(重量)溶液来制造这种空心纤维膜。该种纤维是通过一个空心间隙挤压而出,使一部分溶剂蒸发掉,然后在一种液体,例如水中骤冷使其结构固定,并得到一种不对称式膜,即具有很薄的外表皮,并由普遍的微孔结构所支持。制造这种空心纤维膜优选的聚合物是聚芳族酰胺,但亦可用其他种聚合物材料。其他适用的聚合物包括聚砜、聚酯以及聚酰亚胺,但并不限于这几种。
当这种空心纤维膜经过纺丝并骤冷之后,将这些纤维收集在称为小罐的多孔金属篮中,如图1中的示意图。在图2中示出该种空心纤维膜在小罐中的排布图象,这张图是图1所示该小罐中的空心纤维膜的顶视图。如果这些空心纤维膜未受到束限(即没有包缠),它们就会在这个小罐里张开来,就会与其他的空心纤维膜缠结。当把这些空心纤维膜洗涤脱除残余溶剂并任选经干燥工序后,就将它们从小罐中取出,卷绕在简管上。
在络筒过程中,在小罐中有缠结的空心纤维膜常在从及罐中向外拉时断开,在络筒过种中,未受束限的空心纤维膜还会张开。用于气体分离的空心纤维膜是干的,上面没有整理剂。因此,这些空心纤维膜趋向于积聚静电而使它们互相拒斥。在络筒过程中,当这种松散的空心纤维膜擦过导纱器时很容易损坏和断开。
在这种渗透器纤维束成型过程中,采用类似于美国专利3,690,465和3,801,401披露的方法,即使用多个筒管同时卷绕在一个无纺织物的平铺片上,然后将这样卷绕的片状材料卷成为束捆形状。同样,这些未受束限的纤维在成型过程中趋向于互相分离而张开,趋向于使膜损坏和使空心纤维膜断开。应用这种螺旋形包缠之后,这些空心纤维膜就成为束状,并且紧密固定在一起。这些空心纤维膜束在处理时就象一条经加固的纱线;因此,在这些空心纤维处理步骤中实质上消除了空心纤维膜损坏和断开。由于该种空心纤维膜填装更紧密的结果,在使用螺旋包缠的空心纤维膜时,渗透器的总填装密度显著提高。由于填装密度高,使渗透器的生产能力提高。
本发明可应用于在络筒过程中加固干的或湿的空心纤维膜以及在纺丝过程中加固湿的空心纤维膜,以提高膜式分离标准件的生产能力和性能。应用本发明后,表明对气体分离标准件的纤维束性能有明显甚至重大的改进。本发明也适用于其他空心纤维膜体系,例如用诜瓷柑逑怠?
参照图3,一组空心纤维膜11进入一个旋转中的转轴12,在该转轴上卷绕有纱线或单丝13。该转轴以约3600rpm转动,该等空心纤维膜穿过这个转轴而拉出的速率约为每分钟50码(45.7m),这样对该空心纤维膜的包缠为每英寸约2圈(每米79圈)。纺丝速率和转轴速率都可以调节以得到适宜的每英寸圈数,其范围在每英寸0.5-6圈(每米19-236圈)。图中所示为经过螺旋形包缠的空心纤维膜束14正在离开空心转轴12。
可以应用两个相反方向旋转的转轴串联排布,得到交叉包缠的空心纤维膜束。优选的方法是采用单式螺旋包缠得到每英寸约1-2圈(每米39-78圈)。使用细旦数复丝或单丝纱线(25-150旦)来包缠这些空心纤维膜。多种类型的纤维可用作这种包缠材料,包括尼龙,聚酯,聚丙烯腈以及人造丝,但并不限于这些材料。优选的材料是40-70旦的尼龙或聚酯。
一般来讲,这些纤维束中可包含5-300条空心纤维膜。这些空心纤维膜的直径一般为50-350微米,这些纤维的内孔径大约是该空心纤维膜外径的一半。
在本发明的一个优选方案中,是在该空心纤维膜仍处于湿状态下将该纤维束作螺旋形包缠,然后将这些空心纤维膜干燥。在干燥时,空心纤维膜的尺寸要收缩,而包缠物不收缩,得到包缠较松的纤维束。松包缠的优点是在渗透器成型时,用于形成该管片的灌封用环氧树脂能渗透到空心纤维膜的周围。同时,该种包缠物仍保持足够紧贴程度来加固这些空心纤维膜,使之在络筒和成型中不至损坏和断开。此外,在湿状态包缠过程中张力很低,可以在纺丝时包缠空心纤维膜而不会损坏膜的表皮。
从理论上讲,用圆柱体填装时,采取正六角形排列(横截面视图)可达到最高填装密度。由此,最高的理论填装密度约为90.7%。应用本发明的纤维束所制典型标准件,已达到渗透器的填装密度为40-55%。一般来讲,湿状态包缠后个别纤维束的填装密度为15-45%,干燥后的填装密度为10-30%。
实例
将24条外径约250微米的聚芳族酰胺空心纤维膜组成的纱线以每分钟50码(48米)的速率通过一转动中的空心转轴,同时该转轴以3600rpm,这样得到每英寸包缠约2圈(每米70圈)。该包缠材料是一种70旦的尼龙复丝。
基本按美国专利3,690,465及3,081,401所述方式制成四件直径12英寸的标准件,其中两件是用上述的湿包缠的空心纤维膜构成,另两件中的空心纤维膜未经过包缠。
表1
标准件 H2/CH4SF(分离因数) 填装因数(%)
A 56 34
B 71 31
C 203 41
D 191 43
其中的A和B是由未包缠的空心纤维膜构成。C和D是由类似的湿包缠空心纤维膜构成。如表1中所报告的数据,应用包缠的空心纤维膜所制渗透标准件由于没有纤维断开和膜的损坏而具有较优的分离因数(SF)。同时,应用包缠空心纤维膜的标准件具有更高的填装因数。
表1中所报告的试验数据是在90℃所作。
应用于A、B、C、D各标准件的空心纤维膜是由2至4批纤维所制。所以在不同标准件上所试验的空心纤维膜是类似的,但不是全同的。当在90℃试验一种实验室用小型渗透器时,该等纤维的综合H2/CH4选择性如下:
标准件 H2/CH4分离因数
A 131
B 135
C 134
D 98
关于标准件C与D中所用该等空心纤维分离膜所报告的该小型渗透器分离因数与该全尺寸渗透器分离因数之间的差别,相信是由于它们的分离因数高和测量精确度所产生的实验误差所致。
Claims (16)
1、具有填装密度为10-45%的一种空心纤维分离膜束,它是用一种纱线按每英寸0.5-6圈以螺旋形连续包缠的。
2、按权利要求1的该种纤维束,其中该纤维束是处于湿状态的,并且其填装密度为15-45%。
3、按权利要求1的该种纤维束,其中该纤维束是处于干状态的,并且其填装密度为10-30%。
4、按权利要求2的该种纤维束,其中含有5-300条空心纤维分离膜。
5、按权利要求3的该种纤维束,其中含有5-300条空心纤维分离膜。
6、按权利要求4的该种纤维束,其中的包缠纱线是20-150旦的。
7、按权利要求5的该种纤维束,其中的包缠纱线是20-150旦的。
8、按权利要求6的该种纤维束,其中的空心纤维分离膜的外径是50-350微米。
9、按权利要求7的该种纤维束,其中的空心纤维分离膜的外径是50-350微米。
10、一种含有按权利要求2的空心纤维分离膜的渗透器。
11、一种含有按权利要求3的空心纤维分离膜的渗透器。
12、一种制备纱包空心纤维分离膜束的方法,包括从一种合成聚合物的纺丝液中挤压出多条空心纤维,从所述空心纤维上除掉部分溶剂并将之骤冷,形成空心纤维分离膜,并使用一种纱线以每英寸0.5-6圈以螺旋形包缠所述空心纤维分离膜,形成具有填装密度15-45%的一种空心纤维分离膜束。
13、按权利要求12的该种方法,其中该空心纤维分离膜被进一步干燥,得到一种填装密度为10-30%的纤维束。
14、按权利要求13的该种方法,在该纤维束中有5-300条空心纤维分离膜。
15、按权利要求14的该种方法,其中的包缠纱线是20-150旦的。
16、按权利要求15的该种方法,其中的空心纤维分离膜的外径为50-350微米。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/181,914 US4869059A (en) | 1988-04-29 | 1988-04-29 | Yarn consolidation by wrapping for hollow fiber membranes |
US181,914 | 1988-04-29 |
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CN1037180A true CN1037180A (zh) | 1989-11-15 |
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CN88103056A Pending CN1037180A (zh) | 1988-04-29 | 1988-05-18 | 通过包缠纱线加固空心纤维膜 |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US4869059A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0339124A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH01284307A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR890016230A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1037180A (zh) |
AR (1) | AR240069A1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU610589B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR8802376A (zh) |
DK (1) | DK268988A (zh) |
MA (1) | MA21282A1 (zh) |
NO (1) | NO882149L (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ224635A (zh) |
OA (1) | OA08852A (zh) |
PT (1) | PT87516A (zh) |
TN (1) | TNSN88062A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA883527B (zh) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5487941A (en) * | 1991-11-12 | 1996-01-30 | Pepin; John N. | Continuous/discontinuous filament yarn or tow |
US5318738A (en) * | 1993-04-13 | 1994-06-07 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process of making hollow polyamide filaments |
US5622671A (en) * | 1995-12-12 | 1997-04-22 | Owens-Corning Fiberglass Technology, Inc. | Hollow polymer fibers using rotary process |
US5702601A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1997-12-30 | Praxiar Technology, Inc. | Structure enhancing hollow fiber module |
US5779897A (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 1998-07-14 | Permea, Inc. | Hollow fiber membrane device with inert filaments randomly distributed in the inter-fiber voids |
PT1292729E (pt) * | 2000-04-18 | 2004-11-30 | Vliesstoff Technologie In 3 Di | Estrutura textil nao tecida compreendendo conjuntos de filamentos estabilizadosintegrados |
US8171710B2 (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2012-05-08 | Generon Igs, Inc. | Automatic lacer for bundles of polymeric fiber |
CN103055705B (zh) * | 2013-01-09 | 2015-01-21 | 浙江开创环保科技有限公司 | 一种中空纤维膜的生产方法 |
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US3478399A (en) * | 1967-06-29 | 1969-11-18 | Turbo Machine Co | Apparatus for coiling a textile product |
US3690465A (en) * | 1970-10-15 | 1972-09-12 | Du Pont | Permeation separation element |
US3801401A (en) * | 1971-09-24 | 1974-04-02 | Du Pont | Apparatus for making convolute wound structures |
DE2428483B2 (de) * | 1974-06-12 | 1977-03-03 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Garn bestehend aus einem ungedrehten spinnfaserbaendchen und mindestens einem dieses spinnfaserbaendchen umwindenden filamentgarn |
DE2447715C3 (de) * | 1974-10-07 | 1978-09-07 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Vorgarn und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
JPS5812932B2 (ja) * | 1977-06-30 | 1983-03-10 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 中空繊維の製造方法 |
JPS6037029B2 (ja) * | 1978-01-10 | 1985-08-23 | 東洋紡績株式会社 | 流体分離用糸条パツケ−ジの製造法 |
FR2446336A1 (fr) * | 1979-01-10 | 1980-08-08 | Payen & Cie L | Nouveau type de fil textile guipe et procede pour son obtention |
US4293418A (en) * | 1979-03-28 | 1981-10-06 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Fluid separation apparatus |
US4346553A (en) * | 1979-11-09 | 1982-08-31 | Conshohocken Cotton Co., Inc. | Helically wrapped yarn |
JPS5766137A (en) * | 1980-10-09 | 1982-04-22 | Asahi Medical Co | Hoolow fiber |
DE3144813A1 (de) * | 1981-11-11 | 1983-05-26 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | Hohlfadenbuendel und verfahren zur herstellung |
US4548866A (en) * | 1983-10-18 | 1985-10-22 | Allied Corporation | High strength hollow filament yarn |
-
1988
- 1988-04-29 US US07/181,914 patent/US4869059A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-05-16 NZ NZ224635A patent/NZ224635A/xx unknown
- 1988-05-16 NO NO88882149A patent/NO882149L/no unknown
- 1988-05-16 MA MA21523A patent/MA21282A1/fr unknown
- 1988-05-17 AR AR310878A patent/AR240069A1/es active
- 1988-05-17 BR BR8802376A patent/BR8802376A/pt unknown
- 1988-05-17 DK DK268988A patent/DK268988A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-05-17 AU AU16331/88A patent/AU610589B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-05-17 KR KR1019880005735A patent/KR890016230A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-05-18 ZA ZA883527A patent/ZA883527B/xx unknown
- 1988-05-18 JP JP63119444A patent/JPH01284307A/ja active Pending
- 1988-05-18 OA OA59362A patent/OA08852A/xx unknown
- 1988-05-18 PT PT87516A patent/PT87516A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-05-18 CN CN88103056A patent/CN1037180A/zh active Pending
- 1988-05-18 EP EP88107941A patent/EP0339124A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-06-10 TN TNTNSN88062A patent/TNSN88062A1/fr unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR8802376A (pt) | 1989-12-05 |
KR890016230A (ko) | 1989-11-28 |
NO882149L (no) | 1989-10-30 |
AU1633188A (en) | 1990-04-12 |
AU610589B2 (en) | 1991-05-23 |
PT87516A (pt) | 1989-11-10 |
DK268988D0 (da) | 1988-05-17 |
DK268988A (da) | 1989-10-30 |
AR240069A1 (es) | 1990-01-31 |
US4869059A (en) | 1989-09-26 |
TNSN88062A1 (fr) | 1990-07-10 |
JPH01284307A (ja) | 1989-11-15 |
NZ224635A (en) | 1989-11-28 |
NO882149D0 (no) | 1988-05-16 |
EP0339124A1 (en) | 1989-11-02 |
ZA883527B (en) | 1990-01-31 |
MA21282A1 (fr) | 1988-12-31 |
OA08852A (en) | 1989-03-31 |
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