CN104429559B - Method for cultivating Chinese roses at high temperature and high humidity - Google Patents
Method for cultivating Chinese roses at high temperature and high humidity Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating Chinese roses at high temperature and high humidity. According to the method, a drainage device is arranged at the bottom of a culture bed, the problem that water is accumulated in cultivation soil is effectively solved, soil breathability is guaranteed, and the problem that plants of the Chinese roses die due to waterlogging in summer is solved. A seasonal shaping and pruning technology is adopted, the aim that pruning strengths are different in different seasons and under different temperature conditions is achieved, the reasonable plant type, plant distance and branch number are effectively kept, the growth vigor of the plants can be maintained and restored, and it is guaranteed that the Chinese roses survive in summer smoothly and blossom in all seasons. Compared with an existing traditional cultivation method, the physiological defect of the Chinese roses growing in the high temperature and high humidity condition is overcome, viewing and cultivation of the Chinese roses in high temperature and high humidity places are achieved, it is guaranteed that the Chinese roses blossom in all seasons, a technical example is created for the cultivation application of the Chinese roses to the high temperature and high humidity places, and landscaping materials are enriched.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to plant cultivation method and in particular to be a kind of under high temperature, high humidity environment plant Chinese rose side
Method.
Background technology:
Chinese rose is an important monoid of Rosaceae Rosa (rosa l.), belongs to that Rosaceae is evergreen or half evergreen short filling
Wood or liana.Original cold district is deciduous plant, but in South China, shows as aithullium, can continuously bloom.Summer
During more than 30 DEG C of Ji Wendu, growth potential dies down, and enters semidormancy state, but is resistant to 35 DEG C of high temperature above.
Chinese rose have the laudatory title of " spending middle queen ", is deeply liked by the people of other countries, for one of Chinese ten big famous flowers, is me
The city flower in more than 50 city of state and the national flower of Countries, widely planting in the world, is widely used.But in Summer in South China high temperature
Under high humidity environment, Chinese rose growing way dies down, and spends little and color is light；Hot and humid for a long time, also result in that flower is mouldy, root system is rotten
Rotten, the disease such as melasma, powdery mildew increases, and has a strong impact on garden landscape effect.
Content of the invention:
For this reason, a kind of it is an object of the invention to provide method planting Chinese rose under high temperature, high humidity environment.
For achieving the above object, the present invention mainly adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of hot and humid cultural method of Chinese rose, comprising:
Step one, to cultivation bed process: described cultivation bed adopt high ridge cultivate, its bottom is provided with drainage blanket；
Step 2, prepare cultivating soil: adopt the garden mould that mass ratio is 30%, 30% pond sludge, 30% peat soil with
And 10% thin cinder be uniformly mixed cultivating soil；
Step 3, Seedling is selected to be colonized: to select the few modern rose cultivarses of wet-heat resisting, pest and disease damage, corresponding cultivation cultivation upon configuration
In soil；
Step 4, fertilising control water: the peanut residue being 60% using mass ratio and 40% compound fertilizer's mixing, at interval of 10～
Chinese rose after cultivation was topdressed once in 15 days；
Step 5, pruning: according to Various Seasonal condition of different temperatures, to Chinese rose being pruned, to keep the moon
Ji Heli plant type, spacing in the rows and branch amount.
Further, described cultivating soil is arranged at cultivation bed bottom, and its soil thickness is 60cm, described cultivating soil bottom
Portion is equipped with the haydite that thickness is 50cm or graded broken stone filter layer.
Further, described filter layer is protected by geotextiles.
Further, described pruning includes spring pruning, summer pruning, autumn pruning and winter
Pruning.
The present invention passes through to arrange draining in cultivation bed bottom, effectively prevent the problem of cultivating soil hydrops it is ensured that soil
The breathability of earth, solves the problems, such as that Chinese rose plant summer damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging is dead；Using seasonal pruning technique it is achieved that difference
Under season condition of different temperatures, prune weight difference, effectively maintain rational plant type and space structure, be conducive to plant strain growth
The maintenance of gesture is with recovery it is ensured that Chinese rose smoothly gets over summer, perpetual bloom.
Compared with prior art, instant invention overcomes the physiological defect that grows under the conditions of hot and humid environment of Chinese rose, real
Its appreciation and cultivation in hot and humid area existing, and ensure its perpetual bloom, it is the growth condition in hot and humid area for the Chinese rose
Start technical example, enrich the material of afforestation.
Specific embodiment:
For illustrating thought and the purpose of the present invention, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiments provide a kind of method planting Chinese rose under high temperature, high humidity environment, it specifically includes as follows
Step:
Step one, to cultivation bed process: described cultivation bed adopt high ridge cultivate, its bottom is provided with drainage blanket；
Cultivation bed is the mode that modern stereo planting commonly use, and the thing that can only cultivate in plane in the ground at ordinary times is led to
Crossing bed rack and panel construction makes plot become lumpily, and it includes substrate, described substrate be equivalent to replacement soil give cultivated plant
Thing storage nutrient and fixing root system.
High ridge cultivation is a kind of particular form of conventional cultivation, and cultivation row is made 20～30 centimeters of high ridges, Crop Species
A kind of planting type of cultivating soil layer breathability, anti-hydrops on ridge, can be increased.
Step 2, prepare cultivating soil: adopt the garden mould that mass ratio is 30%, 30% pond sludge, 30% peat soil with
And 10% thin cinder be uniformly mixed cultivating soil；
Wherein said cultivating soil is arranged at cultivation bed bottom, and its soil thickness is 60cm, described cultivating soil bottom paving
It is provided with the haydite that thickness is 50cm or graded broken stone filter layer, and described filter layer is protected by geotextiles.
Step 3, Seedling is selected to be colonized: to select the few modern rose cultivarses of wet-heat resisting, pest and disease damage, corresponding cultivation cultivation upon configuration
In soil；
Carry out Fruit variety first: screen to there are about more than 20,000 Chinese rose cultigen both at home and abroad in the present embodiment.Its sieve
The principle is selected to be: select kind original producton location or the kind of introducing region weather conditions countries and regions close with South China's weather,
The selection of prominent high-temp resisting high-humidity resisting characteristic, takes into account resistant to diseases and insects simultaneously.At present, improved seeds more than 50 have been obtained.
Next is colonized: field planting needs to take into account depth and orientation and density, particularly as follows: depth is former with plant with orientation
Depth, former orientation are best, improve plant percent and ensure robust growth gesture；And density then can suitably increase seeding row spacing to 80
～100cm, to ensure ventilation and penetrating light.
Step 4, fertilising control water: the peanut residue being 60% using mass ratio and 40% compound fertilizer's mixing, at interval of 10～
Chinese rose after cultivation was topdressed once in 15 days；
Fertilising: in this step mainly based on fertilizer, supplemented by compound fertilizer, the suitable Shaoshi of nitrogenous fertilizer.Topdress in time in conjunction with pruning,
With the thin fertile compound fertilizer applying as principle, coordinating 40% with the peanut residue that becomes thoroughly decomposed that mass ratio is 60%, chased after at interval of 10～15 days more
Fertile 1 time.Spring, 1 fertilizer of autumn each heavy dressing, are conducive to improving Soil structure and increase soil fertility.
In addition, if finding that blade turns yellow, after exclusion drought and waterlogging factor, foliage fertilizer feso can be sprayed after residual flower is pruned4
And h3bo4, 1～2 time/season.
Enrich calcium superphosphate before blooming to strengthen branch intensity, prevent spray and bennet excessively soft, and adjust soil acidity or alkalinity,
Annual 1-2 time.
Moisture regulation: mainly based on controlling, prevent damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging.Cultivation bed soil moisture preferably keeps 50～60% throughout the year.
Summer high temperature rainy season should prevent soil hydrops.Autumn, winter, spring drought season according to soil regime, using " see dry water, pour
Then irrigate " principle.
Step 5, pruning: according to Various Seasonal condition of different temperatures, to Chinese rose being pruned, to keep the moon
Reasonable plant type between season, spacing in the rows and branch amount.
Wherein said pruning includes spring pruning, summer pruning, autumn pruning and winter shaping
Prune, its concrete mode is as follows:
Spring pruning: severe is pruned, trunk branch cutting back to 20-30cm.Now grow for South China Chinese rose
In good period, to adjust plant type as core, control spray section position and height.After Spring Festival full-bloom stage, it is main with " Labor Day "
Florescence, 45-50 days in advance (day in March 10-15) cutting back bloom female branch, dredge and remove residual leaf, deadwood, every plant of reservation blooms female branch 4-6,
To newborn spray 8-12 branch；Noting selects and remain blooms the direction of female branch and terminal bud, and terminal bud makes plant shape flared grow outwardly,
Clip is in 45 ° of inclined-planes with bud distance about 2cm.Major branch is in the low turriform distribution in middle high outside, and plant type is trapezoidal, and spray is upper and lower
Straggly, be uniformly distributed in front and back, plant type is compact, hat width is full.
Summer pruning: light pruning, typically cut and stay 50-70cm.Depending on plant whole height and upgrowth situation, as far as possible
Many reservation blades, increase transpiration and room, make plant safe production in summer.This phase is high-temperature high humidity season, is Chinese rose pipe
The critical period of reason.According to the dilapdated and ruined priority of flower, cutting back by stages and in groups, control appropriate spray.Strong flower variety is plucked to thin and delicate spray
Flower bud, individual plant always spends amount to control below 6；Rich flower variety, in addition to controlling spray quantity, also suitably will dredge flower bud, each inflorescence does not surpass
Cross 3, to control nutrient consumption, keep robust growth gesture.
Autumn pruning: moderate is pruned.Selected and remain mother of blooming according to the position of summer spray or nutrition branch, nutritional statuses
Branch, can suitably reduce the length of cutting back on the basis of summer pruning, cut and stay 50～60cm.The pruning time is in mid or late August, single
Always the control of flower amount is held at 12 about for strain.
Winter pruning: the cutting back time, in mid or late October, cuts and stays 40～50cm, forces down section position and the height of Xia Qiuzhi
Degree, reduces hat width height, a small amount of renewal pruning in local, adjustment interval between branch from, make uniform layout, the florescence, spend high in picturesque disorder.
Florescence and flower amount regulation and control
Florescence control: according to the difference of the season of growth, viewing period, adjustment pruning period in good time.Summer keeps robust growth
Gesture, other seasons especially winter, spring, the requirement according to viewing period and temperature Change, 45～60 days cutting backs before the florescence, protect
Card is admired the beauty of flowers as scheduled.
Flower is measured and flower Quality Control system: by controlling female branch quantity of blooming, pre-control spray quantity, and combines thin flower bud measure and rich water
Management, controls flower to measure and improves colored quality (size of flower and pattern etc.).
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: hold Chinese rose pest and disease damage and its pests occurrence rule: the pest and disease damage of hot and humid area Chinese rose mainly has
Melasma and powdery mildew, insect pest mainly has red spider, thrips, moon honeybee, worm, twill leaf moth, chafer etc., wherein melasma,
Powdery mildew, red spider, thrips harm are more serious.It is powdery mildew, red spider high-incidence season from early June late November to next year, 6
Month to mid-November be melasma, the thrips high-incidence season.Concrete prevention and controls: rely mainly on prevention, that is, according to Various Seasonal pest and disease damage
Pests occurrence rule and the change of weather, using medicine prevention and control.Meanwhile, sick, residual branch and leaf are removed in time in routine servicing management, maximum
Degree reduces source of disease.Concrete operations code is: spring, is sprayed with how precious, Methomyl or sulfur Emulsion, hexythiazox, prevents white lead
Disease and red spider harm；Summer, sprayed with repairing charcoal liquid, prevent melasma and thrips harm；Autumn, with triadimefon, good creature, horse
Draw sulfur phosphorus to spray, prevent courses of infection and red spider, thrips harm；In winter, or sulfur Emulsion, hexythiazox precious with how spray, and prevent
Only powdery mildew and red spider harm；In addition, after rain before rain and each prune after the pre- preventing disease and pest of spraying medicine comprehensively.
In addition, pest and disease damage medical treatment avoids frequent dressing, every kind of medicament preferably continuously using more than 3 times, every 10 days 1 time, with
Increase drug effect.Preferably non-, the flowers are in blossom carries out, in order to avoid injuring petal for medication.
In sum, the present invention is combined cultivating the setting draining of bed bottom with seasonal pruning technique, effectively
Prevent the problem of cultivating soil hydrops it is ensured that the breathability of soil, solve the problems, such as that Chinese rose plant summer damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging is dead；
Maintain rational plant type and space between Chinese rose, be conducive to the maintenance of plant strain growth gesture with recovery it is ensured that Chinese rose is suitable
Profit gets over summer, perpetual bloom.
Instant invention overcomes the physiological defect that Chinese rose grows under the conditions of hot and humid environment, realize it hot and humid
The appreciation and cultivation in area, and ensure its perpetual bloom, it is that the growth condition in hot and humid area for the Chinese rose has started technical example, rich
The rich material of afforestation, is that the cultivation of Chinese rose wet-heat resisting provides technical method.
It is more than that to a kind of Chinese rose provided by the present invention, hot and humid cultural method is described in detail, herein
Apply specific case the structural principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, above example is only intended to help reason
The solution method of the present invention and its core concept；Simultaneously for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the thought of the present invention,
All will change in specific embodiment and range of application, in sum, this specification content should not be construed as to this
Bright restriction.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of hot and humid cultural method of Chinese rose is it is characterised in that include: first cultivation bed is processed: described cultivation
Using high ridge cultivation, its bottom is provided with drainage blanket to bed；Then preparation cultivating soil: the garden mould being 30% using mass ratio,
30% pond sludge, 30% peat soil and 10% thin cinder are uniformly mixed cultivating soil；Described cultivating soil is arranged at
Cultivation bed bottom, its soil thickness is 60cm, and described cultivating soil bottom is equipped with the haydite that thickness is 50cm or graded broken stone
Filter layer, and described filter layer protected by geotextiles；Seedling is selected to be colonized afterwards: select the few modern rose cultivarses of wet-heat resisting, pest and disease damage,
In corresponding cultivation cultivating soil upon configuration；Then fertilising control water: the peanut residue being 60% using mass ratio and 40% answer
Hefei mixes, and at interval of 10～15 days, the Chinese rose after cultivation is topdressed once；Pruning: include spring pruning, summer
Trimming is cut, autumn pruning and winter pruning；Wherein spring pruning is pruned for severe, by trunk branch cutting back extremely
20-30cm, annual day in March 10-15 cutting back bloom female branch, dredge and remove residual leaf, deadwood, every plant of reservation blooms female branch 4-6, to
Newborn spray 8-12 branch, and make terminal bud so that plant shape flared is grown outwardly, clip is in 45 ° of inclined-planes with bud distance about 2cm；
Described summer pruning is light pruning, trunk secateurs is stayed 50-70cm, depending on plant whole height and upgrowth situation, to the greatest extent may be used
Blade can be retained more, to increase transpiration and room, make plant safe production in summer, and according to the dilapdated and ruined priority of flower, by stages
Cutting back in batches, controls appropriate spray, and strong flower variety plucks flower bud to thin and delicate spray, and individual plant always spends amount to control below 6；Rich flower variety
In addition to controlling spray quantity, also suitably to dredge flower bud, each inflorescence is less than 3, to control nutrient consumption, keep robust growth
Gesture；Described autumn pruning is that moderate is pruned, and is selected and remain mother of blooming according to the position of summer spray or nutrition branch, nutritional statuses
Branch, suitably reduces the length of cutting back on the basis of summer pruning, cuts and stay 50～60cm, and the time of pruning is in mid or late August, individual plant
Always the control of flower amount is held at 12 about；Described winter pruning is cutting back, and the time, in mid or late October, cuts and stays 40～50cm, pressure
The section position of low autumn in summer branch and height, reduce hat width height, a small amount of renewal pruning in local, and adjustment interval between branch is from making uniform layout, flower
Phase, spend high in picturesque disorder.
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| CN105660161A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-06-15 | 苏州星火园艺科技开发中心 | High-efficient cultivation method for rosa chinensis |
| CN106718288A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-31 | 贵州省植物园 | A kind of Chinese rose cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN106718769B (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2020-04-03 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Method for identifying temperature-sensitive characteristic of cotton closed pollination material |
| CN109349056B (en) * | 2018-11-24 | 2020-12-08 | 襄阳市农业科学院(襄阳市农产品质量安全检验检测中心) | Damascus rose pruning method |
| CN112005871A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-01 | 云南锦苑花卉产业股份有限公司 | Sunlight greenhouse and plastic greenhouse cut flower production method of cut flower Chinese rose |
| CN113575256A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-02 | 桂林市虞山公园管理处 | Chinese rose planting and cultivating method |
| CN115316221A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-11 | 深圳市仙湖植物园(深圳市园林研究中心) | Substrate and cultivation method for 'Shenzhen hong' Chinese rose cultivation |
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| CN100566549C (en) * | 2007-04-29 | 2009-12-09 | 江苏阳光生态农林开发股份有限公司 | Half soilless method for potted dendriform China rose |
| CN101715690A (en) * | 2009-11-24 | 2010-06-02 | 张家港市凤凰大华农业园 | Planting method of monthly rose |
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