CN103602942A - Method for protecting precious metal crucible by coating crucible with high temperature resistant coating - Google Patents
Method for protecting precious metal crucible by coating crucible with high temperature resistant coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN103602942A CN103602942A CN201310578308.XA CN201310578308A CN103602942A CN 103602942 A CN103602942 A CN 103602942A CN 201310578308 A CN201310578308 A CN 201310578308A CN 103602942 A CN103602942 A CN 103602942A
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- crucible
- precious metal
- metal crucible
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for protecting a precious metal crucible by coating the crucible with a high temperature resistant coating. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out surface pretreatment on the precious metal crucible: blasting the outer surface of the precious metal crucible by using aluminium oxide particles at a high speed in an airtight box, so that ultrafine pits are formed on the outer surface of the precious metal crucible so as to increase the outer specific surface area of the crucible; and carrying out high-temperature plasma spraying of fine zirconium oxide sand on the pretreated outer surface of the precious metal crucible so as to form a dense zirconium oxide protective layer. According to the method, the ultrafine pits are formed on the outer surface of the precious metal crucible by carrying out high-speed fine particle blasting on the outer surface of the precious metal crucible so as to increase the outer specific surface area of the crucible, so that the adsorption capacity between the protective layer and the outer surface of the crucible is increased; and the dense zirconium oxide protective layer is formed through plasma spraying, so that the volatilization of the precious metal crucible is reduced, the using loss is reduced, and the growth cost of crystals is saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the guard method of precious metal crucible, belong to field of crystal growth, more specifically belong to precious metal crucible and use guard method field.
Background technology
Crystalline material is the basis of the new high-tech industries such as information, electronics, communication, laser, as semiconductor crystal in microelectronics, piezoquartz in mechanics of communication, laser crystals in photoelectron technology, scintillation crystal in medical imaging technology and high energy physics.Along with the continuous exploration of field of crystals, the artificial lens of more and more excellent propertys is developed successfully.In the artificial lens of these excellent propertys, the fusing point of most crystal is all higher, scintillation crystal as: mix cerium silicic acid lutetium Lu
2siO
5: Ce(LSO:Ce) approximately 2200 ℃ of fusing points, yttrium luetcium silicate (Lu
(1-x)y
(x))
2siO
5: approximately 2150 ℃ of the fusing points of Ce (LYSO:Ce), mix cerium Luetcium aluminum garnet Lu
3al
5o
12: approximately 2050 ℃ of fusing points Ce(LuAG:Ce), bismuth germanium oxide Bi
4ge
3o
12(BGO) approximately 1050 ℃ of fusing points; Laser crystals is as neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum garnet Y
3al
5o
12: approximately 1970 ℃ of fusing points Nd(YAG:Nd), yttrium aluminate YAlO
3(YAP) approximately 1850 ℃ of fusing points, yttrium vanadate crystal YVO
4approximately 2150 ℃ of fusing points, gadolinium gallium garnet Gd
3ga
5o
12(GGG) approximately 1720 ℃ of fusing points, terbium gallium garnet Tb
3ga
5o
12(TGG) approximately 1725 ℃ of fusing points, these high temperature crystal growths require very high to the use temperature of crucible.
More than the process of growth of artificial lens needs first the raw material preparing to be contained in and to be heated to crystalline melting point by the whole bag of tricks in vessels crucible, making raw materials melt is liquation state, then slow cooling and adopt seed crystal or spontaneous nucleation etc. to make the generation tuberculosis crystallization of zone melt be solid crystals.This fusing point of crossing range request vessels crucible is greater than the fusing point of crystal, the material of crucible can not react with high-temperature fusant, and this outer crucible also needs to have high thermal conductivity not affect temperature field structure that the thermal conduction of high-temperature fusant is melt or the natural convection of melt.This is main with crucible mainly with the high material of thermal conductivity with regard to limiting crystal growth.
The crystal growth adopting in the world at present mainly contains with crucible material: platinum, iridium, rhodium, tungsten, molybdenum, graphite, quartz etc.Wherein the fusing point of graphite is approximately 3500 ℃, but under high temperature carbon can with many metal reactions, generate metallic carbide etc., and graphite will react with airborne oxygen in the time of 350 ℃-400 ℃, this will ask the oxygen level in growth furnace will keep extremely low, and these have all limited the use of plumbago crucible.Approximately 1750 ℃ of quartzy fusing points, but more than approximately 1200 ℃ will softening transform, and quartzy thermal conductivity low (about 0.88w/mk), main use at some fusing points grown lower than the crystal of 1600 ℃.Approximately 3400 ℃ of the fusing points of tungsten, but its in oxidizing atmosphere easily volatilization crystal is polluted, therefore tungsten crucible general requirement is used under high vacuum or reducing atmosphere, working temperature is at approximately 2450 ℃.Approximately 1770 ℃ of the fusing points of platinum, physical and chemical stability is good, does not at high temperature also react with oxygen, stablizing for a long time use below 1150 ℃, is widely used in fusing point lower than the growth of 1150 ℃ of crystal.Approximately 2440 ℃ of the fusing points of iridium, specifically stablize physical and chemical performance, and working temperature can reach approximately 2200 ℃, can under weak oxide atmosphere, reducing atmosphere, vacuum, use.
In real crystal process of growth, very multicrystal fusing point approaches the fusing point of crucible, as LSO, the fusing point of LYSO crystal has all approached the limit of working temperature of iridium crucible, easily make metal distillation, the volatilization phenomenon of crucible is comparatively serious, and precious metal loss is that one of crystal growth cost is paid greatly.In order to reduce usage quantity and the impact of crucible heat conductivility on crystal growth temperature field of crucible material, crystal growth is all thinner with the thickness of crucible, particularly precious metal crucible is as platinum crucible, Iridium Crucible, and crucible thickness is generally in 1～5mm scope, and what have even only has about 0.3mm.Crucible in use, the precious metal on surface has the volatilization of different depths, volatilization causes the direct loss of precious metal on the one hand, increase growth cost, on the other hand, the volatilization of precious metal makes original just very thin sidewall of crucible become thinner, the inhomogeneous different sites thickness of crucible that makes of volatilization differs, environment of crystal growth becomes and is difficult to control, and affects the stability of crystal growth, reduces the yield rate of crystal growth; The ununiformity of precious metal volatilization has also reduced the access times of crucible, has increased the number of times of precious metal crucible from new making, has improved total use cost of precious metal crucible.Therefore, thus precious metal crucible is protected to prevent that precious metal volatilization from reducing service wear and becoming important research direction.For example Chinese patent CN108033A discloses a kind of method of protecting iridium crucible growth of tetravalent chromium doping high-temp oxide crystal using, wherein with plasma spraying technology, at iridium crucible outer wall, sprays zirconium white protective layer; Chinese patent CN1122730C is further openly mixed with the protective layer of iridium powder and zirconia powder in the spraying of iridium crucible outside surface with plasma spraying technology, with the stability of this heavy seal coat.But these methods are all directly to spray at iridium crucible outside surface, there is the weak problem of coating and crucible outside surface adsorptive power.
Summary of the invention
In the face of the problem of prior art existence, thereby the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of dense refractory coating to be firmly coated on the method for crucible surface protection precious metal crucible.The method of using plasma spraying of the present invention; at the crucible outside surface that is formed with superfine hole, apply the zirconium white protective layer of one deck densification; to completely cut off contacting of crucible outside surface and atmosphere; reduce precious metal as the volatilization of iridium in crystal growing process; thereby reduce the service wear of precious metal crucible, save crystal growth cost.
At this, the invention provides a kind of method that high-temperaure coating applies crucible surface protection precious metal crucible, comprise: the surface preparation of precious metal crucible: in closed cabinet, adopt alumina particle to spray at a high speed and hit precious metal crucible outside surface, make precious metal crucible outside surface form superfine hole to increase the external surface area of crucible; And high-temperature plasma spraying: be carefully oxidized zircon sand through high-temperature plasma spray coating at pretreated precious metal crucible outside surface, form compact zirconia protective layer.
The present invention hits fine particle and forms superfine hole to increase the external surface area of crucible by the outside surface of precious metal crucible being carried out at a high speed spray; thereby increased the adsorptive power between protective layer and crucible outside surface; and form compact zirconia protective layer by plasma spraying; thereby reduce the volatilization of precious metal crucible; reduce service wear, save crystal growth cost.
Preferably, the particle diameter of described alumina particle is 800 μ m.
Preferably, the speed that the speed that described spray is hit is hit for spray is 15～20m/s, and the spray time of hitting is directly proportional to crucible outside surface size, is generally 15～60 minutes.
Preferably, the particle diameter of described thin oxidation zircon sand is 18～45 μ m.
Preferably, the working gas of described high-temperature plasma spraying is argon gas, and working temperature is 5000～6000 ℃.
Preferably, the thickness of described zirconium white protective layer is 0.3～1.2mm.
In the present invention, described precious metal crucible comprises iridium crucible, platinum crucible and rhodium crucible.
Method of the present invention is simple, remarkable to the protection effect of precious metal, and in the use of precious metal, the loss of precious metal is only below 1/3 of loss of unprotected crucible.
The direct armor coated crucible without pre-treatment of the present invention, in use there will be localised protection layer to peel off in advance to cause the shortcomings such as precious metal crucible volatilization inhomogeneous and work-ing life is short.And the present invention can make protective layer be incorporated into securely crucible outside surface and can not peel off in advance, therefore can protect better precious metal crucible.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is unprotect layer and through crucible outside surface and the heat insulation material surface situation comparison diagram of the inventive method protection.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and following embodiment, further illustrate the present invention, should be understood that accompanying drawing and following embodiment are only for the present invention is described, and unrestricted the present invention.
In order to reduce usage quantity and the impact of crucible heat conductivility on crystal growth temperature field of crucible material, crystal growth is all thinner with the thickness of crucible, particularly precious metal crucible is as platinum crucible, Iridium Crucible, and crucible thickness is generally in 1～5mm scope, and what have even only has about 0.3mm.Crucible in use, the precious metal on surface has volatilization, because crucible is thinner, volatilization causes the direct loss of precious metal on the one hand, increases growth cost, on the other hand, the volatilization of precious metal makes original just very thin sidewall of crucible become thinner, and the inhomogeneous different sites thickness of crucible that makes of volatilization differs, and it is uncontrollable that environment of crystal growth becomes, affect the stability of crystal growth, reduce the yield rate of crystal growth; The ununiformity of precious metal volatilization has also reduced the access times of crucible, has increased the number of times of precious metal crucible from new making, has improved total use cost of precious metal crucible.
The present invention is in the method for precious metal surface using plasma spraying; at the crucible outside surface that is formed with superfine hole, apply the zirconium white protective layer of one deck densification; to completely cut off contacting of crucible outside surface and atmosphere; reduce precious metal as the volatilization of iridium in crystal growing process; thereby reduce the service wear of precious metal crucible, save crystal growth cost.The embodiment of an example is as described below.
1. the surface preparation of precious metal crucible
As precious metal crucible to be protected, include but not limited to iridium crucible, platinum crucible and rhodium crucible.Can first precious metal crucible surface be carried out to clean, for example, be placed in ethanol ultrasonic cleaning; Then in airtight glove box, adopt alumina particle spray to hit Iridium Crucible outside surface.The particle diameter that hits the alumina particle of particle as spray can be 800 μ m.The spray speed of hitting can be 15～20m/s, and the spray time of hitting can be 15～60 minutes.By carrying out this pre-treatment, can form superfine hole to increase the external surface area of crucible at precious metal crucible surface, thereby increase the adsorptive power between coating and crucible outside surface.
2. high-temperature plasma spraying
At pretreated precious metal crucible outside surface, for example, through plasma body (high temperature argon plasma body), carry thin zirconium white sand blasting and be coated with, form compact zirconia protective layer.The particle diameter of thin oxidation zircon sand can be 18～45 μ m.The processing parameter of spraying can be: working gas is argon gas, and working temperature is 5000～6000 ℃.The thickness of the protective layer forming can be 0.3～1.2mm, cannot play a protective role, if too thick protective layer easily comes off if too thin.
3. the use of protective layer contrast
In order to verify the validity of protective layer of the present invention, can also by through above-mentioned pre-treatment and the precious metal crucible that has a zirconium white protective layer after using with unprotected crucible and without pre-treatment directly armor coated crucible contrast.The different crucible quality before and after using are contrasted the loss situation of somewhat expensive metallic crucible.In one example; adopt respectively unprotected Iridium Crucible, without pre-treatment, directly armor coated Iridium Crucible and the Iridium Crucible processed through aforesaid method, as the growth crucible of LYSO:Ce crystal, are carried out the contrast of crucible service condition after growth.Referring to Fig. 1, crucible outside surface (figure is right) and heat insulation material surface situation comparison diagram that it illustrates unprotect layer (figure is left) and protects through the inventive method, by figure, be can be observed unshielded crucible surface roughen and had with peripheral refractory insulating layer the phenomenon of cohering, the precious metal absorption on peripheral refractory insulating layer is many; Crucible protective layer through the inventive method protection is unchanged, and the precious metal absorption on peripheral refractory insulating layer is that loss is few less.Through weighing, learn approximately 30 grams of unprotect layer Iridium Crucible average loss; direct approximately 16 grams of the armor coated Iridium Crucible average loss without pre-treatment; the Iridium Crucible average loss of protecting through the inventive method is lower than 10 grams; as can be seen here; the present invention can bring into play the effect that reduces the loss of precious metal crucible, and the protection effect of precious metal crucible is better than without pre-treatment to directly armor coated scheme.
Further exemplify embodiment below to describe the present invention in detail.Should understand equally; following examples are only used to further illustrate the present invention; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, some nonessential improvement that those skilled in the art's foregoing according to the present invention is made and adjustment all belong to protection scope of the present invention.The processing parameter that following example is concrete etc. is only also an example in OK range, and those skilled in the art can be done in suitable scope and be selected by explanation herein, and do not really want to be defined in the below concrete numerical value of example.
Embodiment 1
The fusing point of 1.LYSO:Ce crystal is approximately 2150 ℃, the growth crucible that many employing Iridium Crucible are this crystal at present, the maximum operation temperature of iridium is 2200 ℃, in the process of growth of LYSO:Ce crystal, the cost loss that the volatilization of iraurite causes is a sport of this crystal growth cost, in order to reduce the service wear of iraurite, first we carry out surface treatment to the Iridium Crucible of new making, be that Iridium Crucible surface is after clean, in airtight glove box, employing particle diameter is that the alumina particle of 800 μ m hits Iridium Crucible outside surface 25 minutes with the spray of 15～20m/s speed, make iridium crucible outside surface form superfine hole to increase the external surface area of crucible, thereby increase the adsorptive power between coating and crucible outside surface.
2. the treated Iridium Crucible in surface; it is that the thin zirconium white sand blasting of 18～45 μ m is coated with that outside surface carries particle diameter through high temperature argon plasma body; the processing parameter of spraying: working gas is that argon gas, working temperature are 5000～6000 ℃, the compact zirconia protective layer that formation thickness is 0.7mm.Iridium Crucible through protection is grown for LYSO:Ce crystal.
Comparative example 1
Directly adopt the Iridium Crucible without protection, carry out the LYSO:Ce crystal growth identical with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
Do not carry out the pre-treatment step of embodiment 1 and directly adopt the technique identical with embodiment 1 to carry out the plasma spraying of zirconium white protective layer; the outside surface that is Iridium Crucible carries particle diameter for being the thin zirconium white sand blasting painting of 18～45 μ m through high temperature argon plasma body; the processing parameter of spraying: working gas is that argon gas, working temperature are 5000～6000 ℃, the compact zirconia protective layer that formation thickness is 0.7mm.Iridium Crucible through protection is grown for carrying out the LYSO:Ce crystal identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 1 is contrasted with the crucible service condition of comparative example 1, referring to Fig. 1, can be observed unshielded crucible surface roughen and have with peripheral refractory insulating layer the phenomenon of cohering, the precious metal absorption on peripheral refractory insulating layer is many; Crucible protective layer through the inventive method protection is unchanged, and the precious metal absorption on peripheral refractory insulating layer is that loss is few less.In addition; crucible before and after using is weighed to measure its quality loss; result shows approximately 30 grams of the unprotect layer Iridium Crucible average loss of comparative example 1; direct approximately 16 grams of the armor coated Iridium Crucible average loss without pre-treatment of comparative example 2, the Iridium Crucible average loss of embodiment 1 is lower than 10 grams.
Industrial applicability: the present invention can be used for the protection of precious metal crucible, reduces precious metal loss, saves crystal growth cost, is applicable to field of crystal growth.
Claims (7)
1. high-temperaure coating applies a method for crucible surface protection precious metal crucible, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The surface preparation of precious metal crucible: adopt alumina particle to spray at a high speed in closed cabinet and hit precious metal crucible outside surface, make precious metal crucible outside surface form superfine hole to increase the external surface area of crucible; And
High-temperature plasma spraying: be carefully oxidized zircon sand through high-temperature plasma spray coating at pretreated precious metal crucible outside surface, form compact zirconia protective layer.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described alumina particle is 800 μ m.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the speed that described spray is hit is 15～20m/s, and the spray time of hitting is 15～60 minutes.
4. according to the method in any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described thin oxidation zircon sand is 18～45 μ m.
5. according to the method described in any one in claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, the working gas of described high-temperature plasma spraying is argon gas, and working temperature is 5000～6000 ℃.
6. according to the method described in any one in claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, the thickness of described zirconium white protective layer is 0.3～1.2mm.
7. according to the method described in any one in claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, described precious metal crucible comprises iridium crucible, platinum crucible and rhodium crucible.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105239356A (en) * | 2015-09-05 | 2016-01-13 | 苏州宏久航空防热材料科技有限公司 | Composite ceramic coating for surface of SiC fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN107245698A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-13 | 福州大学 | A kind of integrated evaporating basket of the internal heat type with aluminum oxide porous textured buffer layers |
| CN107653487A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-02-02 | 安徽中晶光技术股份有限公司 | A kind of recycling bin for being used in crystal growing process reclaim iridium powder |
| CN114455964A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-10 | 西安超码科技有限公司 | C/SiC composite material crucible containing alumina coating |
| CN115478320A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-12-16 | 安徽光智科技有限公司 | Crucible, manufacturing method and method for growing tellurium dioxide crystal by using crucible |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105239356A (en) * | 2015-09-05 | 2016-01-13 | 苏州宏久航空防热材料科技有限公司 | Composite ceramic coating for surface of SiC fiber and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114455964A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-05-10 | 西安超码科技有限公司 | C/SiC composite material crucible containing alumina coating |
| CN114455964B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-09-05 | 西安超码科技有限公司 | C/SiC composite material crucible containing alumina coating |
| CN115478320A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-12-16 | 安徽光智科技有限公司 | Crucible, manufacturing method and method for growing tellurium dioxide crystal by using crucible |
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| CN103602942B (en) | 2016-03-23 |
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