CN103587130B - The method of microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material component and device - Google Patents
The method of microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material component and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103587130B CN103587130B CN201310480686.4A CN201310480686A CN103587130B CN 103587130 B CN103587130 B CN 103587130B CN 201310480686 A CN201310480686 A CN 201310480686A CN 103587130 B CN103587130 B CN 103587130B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
Abstract
A kind of method and apparatus of microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material component.The microwave source that power linear is adjustable imports resonant cavity by waveguide after producing microwave, penetrates and heats composite, making it fast curing-formed.Device adopts the uniformity of electromagnetic field in advanced octagon microwave mode resonant cavity structure implement device. and adopt automatic impedance matching system to reduce back wave to the interference of microwave source, realize the best transmission of microwave power.The madial wall of micro-wave oven octagon multimode cavity arranges vacuum tube joint and temperature sensor, and placing glass workbench in resonator, controls seesawing of workbench by step motor control ball screw turns.Device adopts choke groove to prevent microwave from leaking.The invention solves conventional thermocompression jug forming method and manufacture that the fibre reinforced composites time is long, energy consumption is high, uneven problem of being heated, save hardening time, improve the quality and performance of composite element.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite material solidification method, especially a kind of a kind of utilize microwave to carry out method that composite element finally solidifies and device, specifically method of microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material component.
Background technology
As everyone knows, the advantages such as fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material has high specific strength and specific stiffness, quality is light, heat-resisting, corrosion-resistant, antifatigue, damping performance are good, are widely used in the fields such as aerospace field, communications and transportation, wind-power electricity generation, electron electric power.Prepreg is then that reinforcing fiber (carbon fiber, glass fibre, aramid fiber) is immersed in the prepreg section product made in matrix (epoxy resin, mylar, thermoplastic resin etc.), is the intermediate materials of composite.
Because composite has the performance of above-mentioned excellence, therefore develop different forming methods for different composite elements.Wherein, autoclave molding method has a very wide range of applications in Aero-Space, automobile making and field of petrochemical industry.Especially of paramount importance moulding process has been become at aerospace field.But there is many problems and defect in autoclave molding technology: (1) solidification of hot-press tank time is long, energy consumption is high and resource utilization is low.Autoclave technique is mainly with the form of heat convection heater from outside to inside, and temperature contrast causes its internal heat to conduct the basic reason occurred.Composite material forming is long for hardening time, and needs to ensure enough temperature homogeneities.This mode of heating efficiency is low, and the time is long, and temperature controls to have hysteresis quality, and a large amount of energy is consumed.(2) component of autoclave molding large scale and thickness there will be unacceptable thermograde and poor compactness.The shaping of large scale complex composite material needs complicated die face and support, the heat convection difficulty on heat transfer and surface, the poor temperature uniformity of component.Component is caused to produce residual stress and distortion the most at last.Thick-layer composite plate thermograde in solidification can cause the anisotropy of viscosity and curing degree, first temperature peak appears at laminate near surface, then to central authorities' diffusion, and geometric shape is on the development of the thick cross-sectional layers intralamellar part micro-crack of solidification with come unstuck and have remarkable impact.Meanwhile, there are some defects in the composite material cementing interface of solidification of hot-press tank, mechanical property is not ideal enough, affects quality and the service life of composite.
And common microwave stove has following shortcoming: (1) can not realize Linear Control, minimum heating power is excessive, is unfavorable for, to the control of composite material solidification temperature, process, easily burning out composite element.(2) do not have special vacuum extractor and temperature sensor, can not vacuumize and the change of real time monitoring heating-up temperature, the solidification process of composite is not easy to control.(3) microwave source by antenna directly by Microwave emission in stove, uncontrolled microwave constantly reflects in stove, skewness, composite is caused to be heated uneven, state of cure in multiple material is inconsistent, makes component inside produce internal stress, has a strong impact on the performance of material.(4) common metal mould conduction, can shield electromagnetic wave, cannot realize heating.
Summary of the invention
The energy consumption that the object of the invention is to exist for existing composite solidification of hot-press tank is large, cycle is long, and conventional microwave cannot be directly used in the problem of composite material solidification, invent a kind of method that microwave can be utilized to be cured composite element, a kind of microwave curing apparatus matched is provided simultaneously.
One of technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of method of microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material component, it is characterized in that the microwave source adopting power linear adjustable produces microwave, microwave enters octagon multimode cavity uniformly and stably by waveguide and leaky antenna after automatic impedance matching system adjustment, heats the fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material component be positioned in octagon multimode cavity on glass plate; Composite element is laid in the composite material mould surface scribbling releasing agent, seals at composite element surface coverage release cloth, airfelt, barrier film and vacuum bag with vacuum rubber belt; During solidification, vacuumize by technological procedure, and stick temperature sensing device on mould, the temperature feedback of measurement, to control system, with process curve comparison, adjusts microwave heating temperature in real time; Realized uniformity and the load stabilization of electromagnetic field in the thermal treatment zone by octagon multimode cavity and automatic impedance matching system, ensure that composite element solidification temperature is evenly distributed; Meanwhile, measured the solidification temperature of composite element in real time by temperature sensor, ensure the controllability of solidification process; After composite element curing molding, directly take out composite element, be cooled to room temperature in outside.
Described composite material mould is the one in carbon fibre reinforced composite mould, glass fibre reinforced composion mould, ceramic material mould, quartz material mould, high temperature resistant cement material molds or high temperature resistant gypsum material mould.
The frequency range of the microwave in the heating using microwave source that described power linear is adjustable comprises: 300MHz to 300GHZ, and microwave frequency immobilizes or the linear or nonlinear change by the scope of 1-20MHz; The size of power by cavity of microwave and the heating process requirement of heat medium, can between 0 to peak power linear regulation; The microwave entered in octagon multimode cavity comprises TEM ripple, TE ripple, one or more in TM ripple; Described microwave source is made up of controlled auto-transformer and magnetron, or is made up of signal generator and microwave amplifier.
Described fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material, formed at composite material mould last layer one deck laying by prepreg, lay direction is different; The fibre reinforcement of fiber reinforcement comprises continuous print carbon fiber or glass fibre or aramid fiber or boron fibre, or one or more mixing in the short carbon fiber cut or glass fibre or aramid fiber; Resin matrix comprises: the one in phenolic resins, epoxy resin, bimaleimide resin, polyimide resin or its modified resin.
Be provided with on the surface of octagon microwave multimode cavity and effectively can offset microwave, reduce the choke groove that leaks of microwave, the groove depth of choke groove is 1/4th microwave wavelengths.
Described automatic impedance matching system is driven by computer-controlled stepper motor, by the position of pin in control group adaptation, and then the size of adjustment impedance, control the microwave change of waveguide, with under the acting in conjunction of octagon microwave multimode cavity body structure, make the even microwave distribution in furnace chamber, load stabilization, thus ensure that heating microwave is uniform and stable;
Described temperature sensing device comprise in thermocouple, thermistor, infrared sensor, optical fiber fluorescent sensor and fiber-optic grating sensor one or more.
Two of technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of device of microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material component, it is characterized in that it comprises: object carrier plate 1, vacuum tube interface 2, choke groove 3, leaky antenna 4, body of heater 5, temperature sensor joint 6, temperature control panel 7, guidance panel 8, fire door 9, ball-screw 10, stepper motor 11, PLC12, cooling water inlet 13, coolant outlet 18, microwave source 19, microwave transmission line 20, impedance matching box 21, rectangular waveguide device 22 and octagon multimode cavity 23, described octagon multimode cavity 23 is arranged in body of heater 5, the moving conduit of ball-screw 10 is left at the rear portion of octagon multimode cavity 23, rear portion remainder sealing, anterior fire door 9 adopts general chokes sealing metal coil, ensure without electromagnetic leakage, object carrier plate 1 is connected with ball-screw 10 and the composite element that need solidify under it drives is sent in octagon multimode cavity or from octagon multimode cavity and taken out, ball-screw 10 is driven by stepper motor 11, stepper motor 11 is controlled by PLC12, the microwave of microwave source 19 is delivered to rectangular waveguide device 22 by microwave transmission line 20 and impedance matching box 21, then imports in octagon multimode cavity 23 by leaky antenna 4 by microwave, microwave is roundtrip in octagonal octagon multimode cavity 23, is finally fiber re-enforced polymer matrix composites and absorbs, cooling water from cooling water inlet 13 enter microwave source 19 is cooled after flow out from coolant outlet 18, impedance matching box 21 is driven by computer 27 and stepper motor 29, is positioned between rectangular waveguide device 22 and microwave source 19, temperature sensor joint 6 is connected with each temperature sensor and measures the temperature value of multiple spot on composite element in real time, and temperature data is transferred to PLC12, automatically controls microwave power, makes heating-up temperature meet process curve, power, the heating-up temperature of temperature control panel 7 and guidance panel 8 control device and vacuumize, meet the normal service requirement of device.
The temperature of the composite element measured in real time in solidification process and vacuum show on temperature control panel 7 and guidance panel 8, for control system monitoring and the duty of adjusting device, control system is divided manually and control automatically, during Non-follow control, by artificial according to Display panel Data Control heating power, heat time with vacuumize state; During automatic control, at the temperature process curve required for the input solidification of guidance panel 8 place, automatically run by PLC control device.
Described microwave source 19 is made up of microwave signal generator 14, microwave amplifier 15, controlled auto-transformer 16 and magnetron 17, the output of microwave signal generator 14 connects microwave amplifier 15, the output of microwave amplifier connects the input of controlled auto-transformer, the output of controlled auto-transformer connects magnetron, magnetron is transported to after impedance matching box 21 mates by microwave transmission line and is delivered to rectangular waveguide device 22, then is imported in octagon multimode cavity 23 by microwave by leaky antenna 4.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The invention solves conventional thermocompression jug forming method manufacture the fibre reinforced composites time long, energy consumption is high, component curing deformation is serious, the problem that internal stress is comparatively large and mould support is complicated, save hardening time, improve the quality and performance of composite element.Meanwhile, also solve common microwave stove microwave skewness, power can not the unstable and problem that can not vacuumize in inside of linear regulation, load.
1. the present invention's heating using microwave of adopting power linear adjustable and vacuumize cure under pressure forming composite, the shaping of fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material can be completed at short notice, improve the quality and performance of component, molding time is only about 25% of conventional method, but the intensity of component can improve more than 30% on year-on-year basis.
2. the present invention can shaping high-performance, good stability of the dimension, internal stress and the little fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material of distortion.Shorten the production time greatly simultaneously, improve energy utilization rate.Achieve the fast curing-formed of fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material, experiment proves, deflection is only now methodical about 20%, and therefore internal stress is negligible.
3. the present invention is by adopting octagon microwave multimode cavity body, achieves the uniformity of magnetic distribution, and the composite that ensures to be cured is heated evenly, and eliminates the be heated uneven curing deformation that brings and internal stress problem.
4. the present invention passes through at furnace chamber internal placement vacuum tube interface, the demand vacuumized in implement device, makes to keep vacuum in vacuum bag mould in heating process, makes composite be close to die surface, compacting, thus improves Forming Quality and the performance of component.
5. the present invention is by adopting the mould of composite, solves common metal mould conduction, shields electromagnetic problem, also solve the problem of the matched coefficients of thermal expansion that other materials mould exists simultaneously.First by mach method, intermetallic composite coating is gone out the shape of mould, then through turning over mould, produce the composite material mould of required profile.
6. the present invention is by adopting automatic impedance matching system, solves micro-wave oven reflected waves produces interference problem to microwave source, can mate required impedance quickly and accurately, the stability of proof load, realize the best transmission of microwave power.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the general structure cross sectional representation of microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material element apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the general structure schematic diagram of microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material element apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the operation principle schematic diagram of microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material element apparatus automatic impedance matcher of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material of the present invention lay on mould.
In figure: 1 is object carrier plate, 2 is vacuum tube interface, be 3 choke grooves, 4 is leaky antenna, 5 is body of heater, 6 is temperature sensor joint, 7 is temperature control panel, 8 is guidance panel, 9 is fire door, 10 is ball-screw, 11 is stepper motor, 12 is PLC, 13 is cooling water inlet, 14 is signal generator, 15 is microwave amplifier, 16 is controlled auto-transformer, 17 is magnetron, 18 is coolant outlet, 19 is microwave source, 20 is microwave transmission line, 21 is impedance matching box, 22 is rectangular waveguide device, 23 is octagon multimode cavity, 24 is six end interfaces, 25 is A/D converter, 26 is interface, 27 is computer, 28 is drive circuit, 29 is stepper motor, 30 is pin, 31 is load, 32 is port I, 33 is port II(tested surface), 101 is mould, 102 is releasing agent, 103 is release cloth, 104 is vacuum bag, 105 is porous release film, 106 is composite, 107 is airfelt, 108 is vacuum valve, 109 is snap joint, 110 is sealant tape.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment one.
As Figure 1-4.
A method for microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material component, first it carry out forvacuum to for the manufacture of one deck of composite element institute lay or some layers of prepreg fiber laying, puts into octagon multimode cavity and carry out heating using microwave.In whole solidification process, the temperature of the multiple point of serviceability temperature Sensor monitoring component surface, automatically controls microwave power, makes heating-up temperature meet process curve.The temperature of component and vacuum in real-time measurement and monitoring solidification process.After composite material solidification completes, open fire door, component is placed in the outer cooling down of device.Next group part and component curing molding in embedding device as stated above again.As shown in Figure 1, 2.
The microwave source that power linear can be adopted in solidification process adjustable produces microwave, microwave enters octagon microwave multimode cavity by waveguide and leaky antenna after automatic impedance matching system adjustment, heat the fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material be positioned in octagon cavity on glass plate, the microwave through adjustment is uniform and stable in furnace chamber.Compound material laying is placed on the composite material mould surface scribbling releasing agent, and material surface covers the auxiliary materials that vacuumize such as release cloth, airfelt, barrier film and vacuum bag, with vacuum rubber belt sealing as Fig. 4.During solidification, vacuumize by technological procedure, and stick temperature sensing device on mould.Device adopts advanced octagon microwave multimode cavity body structure and automatic impedance matching system, and in implement device, the uniformity of electromagnetic field and load stabilization, ensure that component solidification temperature is evenly distributed.Meanwhile, the temperature of component measured in real time by the temperature sensor be arranged in device, ensures the controllability of solidification process.Device also adopts choke groove to reduce microwave and leaks.After composite element is shaping, directly take out composite, be cooled to room temperature in outside.Described mould can be formed by the one manufacture in carbon fibre reinforced composite or glass fibre reinforced composion or ceramic material or quartz material or high-temperature resistant water mud material or high temperature resistant gypsum material.The heating using microwave source that power linear is adjustable, the frequency range of its microwave comprises: 300MHz to 300GHZ, and microwave frequency can immobilize, also can according to the linear or non-nonlinear change of the scope of 1-20MHz.The size of power by cavity of microwave and the heating process requirement of heat medium, can between 0 to peak power linear regulation.Microwave in multimode cavity body comprises TEM ripple, TE ripple, at least one in TM ripple or various modes.Microwave source is made up of controlled auto-transformer and magnetron, or is made up of signal generator and microwave amplifier.Formed at mould last layer one deck laying by prepreg during fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material lay, lay direction can be different.As Fig. 4, fibre reinforcement wherein comprises continuous print carbon fiber or glass fibre or aramid fiber or boron fibre; Or the short carbon fiber cut or glass fibre or aramid fiber, in one or more mixing.Resin matrix wherein comprises: the one in phenolic resins, epoxy resin, bimaleimide resin, polyimide resin or its modified resin.The choke groove groove depth adopted can be 1/4th microwave wavelengths, effectively can offset microwave, reduces microwave and leaks.Automatic impedance matching system is by the driving of computer-controlled stepper motor, the position of pin in control group adaptation, as Fig. 3 and then the size adjusting impedance, control the microwave change of waveguide, with under the acting in conjunction of octagon microwave multimode cavity body structure, make the even microwave distribution in furnace chamber, load stabilization, thus ensure that heating microwave is uniform and stable.Temperature sensor is adopted to measure the temperature of the multiple point in composite element surface in real time during heating using microwave.The control system of the temperature feedback auto levelizer measured, with process curve comparison, adjusts microwave heating temperature in real time, realizes high-precision temperature and controls.Wherein temperature sensor comprises one or more in thermocouple, thermistor, infrared sensor, optical fiber fluorescent sensor and fiber-optic grating sensor.
Embodiment two.
As Figure 1-3.
A kind of device of microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material component, it comprises: object carrier plate 1, vacuum tube interface 2, choke groove 3, leaky antenna 4, body of heater 5, temperature sensor joint 6, temperature control panel 7, guidance panel 8, as Fig. 1, fire door 9, ball-screw 10, stepper motor 11, PLC12, cooling water inlet 13, coolant outlet 18, microwave source 19, microwave transmission line 20, impedance matching box 21, rectangular waveguide device 22 and octagon multimode cavity 23, as Fig. 2, described octagon multimode cavity 23 is arranged in body of heater 5, the moving conduit of ball-screw 10 is left at the rear portion of octagon multimode cavity 23, rear portion remainder sealing, anterior fire door 9 adopts general chokes sealing metal coil, ensure without electromagnetic leakage, object carrier plate 1 is connected with ball-screw 10 and the composite element that need solidify under it drives is sent in octagon multimode cavity or from octagon multimode cavity and taken out, ball-screw 10 is driven by stepper motor 11, stepper motor 11 is controlled by PLC12, the microwave of microwave source 19 is delivered to rectangular waveguide device 22 by microwave transmission line 20 and impedance matching box 21, then imports in octagon multimode cavity 23 by leaky antenna 4 by microwave, microwave is roundtrip in octagonal octagon multimode cavity 23, is finally fiber re-enforced polymer matrix composites and absorbs, cooling water from cooling water inlet 13 enter microwave source 19 is cooled after flow out from coolant outlet 18, impedance matching box 21 is driven by computer 27 and stepper motor 29, is positioned between rectangular waveguide device 22 and microwave source 19, temperature sensor joint 6 is connected with each temperature sensor and measures the temperature value of multiple spot on composite element in real time, and temperature data is transferred to PLC12, automatically controls microwave power, makes heating-up temperature meet process curve, power, the heating-up temperature of temperature control panel 7 and guidance panel 8 control device and vacuumize, meet the normal service requirement of device.The temperature of the composite element measured in real time in solidification process and vacuum show on temperature control panel 7 and guidance panel 8, for control system monitoring and the duty of adjusting device, control system is divided manually and control automatically, during Non-follow control, by artificial according to Display panel Data Control heating power, heat time with vacuumize state; During automatic control, at the temperature process curve required for the input solidification of guidance panel 8 place, automatically run by PLC control device.Described microwave source 19 is made up of microwave signal generator 14, microwave amplifier 15, controlled auto-transformer 16 and magnetron 17, the output of microwave signal generator 14 connects microwave amplifier 15, the output of microwave amplifier connects the input of controlled auto-transformer, the output of controlled auto-transformer connects magnetron, magnetron is transported to after impedance matching box 21 mates by microwave transmission line and is delivered to rectangular waveguide device 22, then is imported in octagon multimode cavity 23 by microwave by leaky antenna 4.Microwave is delivered to rectangular waveguide 22 by the microwave transmission line 20 that is connected with microwave source 19 and impedance matching box 21, then is imported in multimode cavity 23 by microwave by leaky antenna 4.Microwave is roundtrip in octagonal multimode cavity 23, is finally fiber re-enforced polymer matrix composites and absorbs.When solidifying beginning, vacuum tube is connected with vacuum tube interface 2, and system vacuumizes.Along with the temperature of material raises, the curing reaction of resin starts to carry out, and through heating after a while and insulation, composite material solidification is shaping.Octagon resonator 23 size is by mode of resonance number and power decision, and the moving conduit of ball-screw is left at its rear portion, and rear portion remainder seals, and anterior fire door 9 adopts general chokes sealing metal coil, ensures without electromagnetic leakage.Octagon multimode cavity 23, can encourage multiple electromagnetic field mode of operation.Coordinate rectangular waveguide 22 and impedance matching box 21, in resonator, form uniform and stable electromagnetic field, make material-to-be-heated temperature homogeneity better.Impedance matching box 21, by computer and driving stepper motor, is positioned between rectangular waveguide 22 and microwave source 19.At the top of device, multiple temperature sensor is installed, and is connected with temperature sensor joint 6, measure the temperature value of multiple spot on composite element in real time, and temperature data is transferred to PLC12, automatically control microwave power, make heating-up temperature meet process curve.Power, the heating-up temperature of temperature control panel 7 and guidance panel 8 control device and vacuumize, meet the normal service requirement of device.Control system, by measuring in real time temperature and the vacuum of component in solidification process, is shown to temperature control panel 7 and guidance panel 8, for the duty of monitoring and adjusting device.Control system is divided manually and is automatically controlled, during Non-follow control, by artificial according to Display panel Data Control heating power, heat time with vacuumize state.During automatic control, at the temperature process curve required for the input solidification of guidance panel 8 place, automatically run by PLC control device.PLC12 control step motor 11, by the transmission of ball-screw 10, promotes, before and after glass plate 1, to coordinate, the mould that conveniently assemble and disassemble volume mass is large with the crane outside stove.
Be reinforcing material with carbon fiber, take thermosetting resin as matrix, the specific embodiment solidifying component of the present invention is as follows:
Fig. 4 is the laying process of composite of the present invention on mould.Second time is brushed after 102,20 minutes, after 30 minutes brush third times at mould 101 molded surface even scrubbing brush one deck releasing agent.After releasing agent 102 drying is solidified, get the prepreg 106 of the thermosetting resin base carbon fibre reinforced composite that 20 layers are cut out, be laid on successively according to the orders of 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 ° on the mould 101 of composite making, make layer and layer, be close between material surface and mould.
After laying, lay release cloth 103, porous release film 105, airfelt 107, vacuum bag 104 in order at composite material surface.Vacuum bag 104 seals along mould 101 surrounding sealant tape 110, lays vacuum valve 108 and snap joint 109, vacuumize in edge, detect air-tightness, if gas leakage, continue compacting sealant tape 110 and duplicate detection step, if air-tightness is intact, then mould prepares to move into solidification in micro-wave oven.
Fig. 1,2 is this is the process that bright micro-wave oven controls cured composite material.Instruction is inputted at guidance panel 8, by PLC12 control step motor 11, by the transmission of ball-screw 10, promote glass plate 1 to move outside stove, use crane to be put on glass plate 1 by composite to be solidified and mould, vacuum tube is connected with vacuum tube joint 2, vacuumizes, input instruction from guidance panel 8 again, regain glass plate 1.Close fire door 9, tighten the knob on door.Temperature needed for the setting of guidance panel 8 place and process curve, first set 80 degree precuring a period of times, then arrange 120 degree of solidification transition temperatures and keep a period of time, arranges control mode for automatically controlling, startup micro-wave oven.
After micro-wave oven starts, PLC12 controls start-up capacitance transformer, and microwave source 19 is energized, and produces microwave, and cooling water enters from cooling water inlet 13 simultaneously, and cooled microwave source, is flowed out by coolant outlet 18.Microwave, by microwave transmission line 20, via the adjustment of impedance matching box 21, is transferred in rectangular waveguide 22.Microwave is entered after in resonator 23 by leaky antenna 4 and starts to heat fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material.The temperature value of vacuum adapter 2 and temperature sensor joint 6 real-time Transmission vacuum and temperature sensor, be shown to host computer interface, simultaneously by Signal transmissions to PLC12, the output of microwave source 19 is adjusted after signal transacting, real-time monitoring is carried out to microwave power, makes temperature curve meet set process curve.
After having solidified, close microwave source, open fire door 9.PLC12 control step motor 11, by the transmission of ball-screw 10, promotes glass plate 1 and moves outside stove, use crane to take out the composite and mould that are cured, be cooled to room temperature under field conditions (factors).
Fig. 3 is the course of work of automatic impedance matcher of the present invention.In impedance matching box, port II33 connects magnetic strength device, and port I32 connects rectangular waveguide 22.In microwave heating process, after microwave source 19 produces microwave, enter impedance matching box 21.Complete the detection to port II33 with six end interfaces 24, the value after detection, through the conversion of A/D converter 25, is imported in computer 27 by interface 26.Computer 27 by data compared with the data in database, required to adjusted value, again adjustment signal is transferred to drive circuit 28 by interface 26, Driving Stepping Motor 29 rotates, the length that adjustment three pins 30 are deep, thus the impedance changing impedance matching box, realize the impedance matching of high-precision high-speed, thus eliminate back wave to the interference of microwave source, realize the best transmission of microwave power.
Below be only embody rule example of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not constituted any limitation.The technical scheme that all employing equivalents or equivalence are replaced and formed, all drops within rights protection scope of the present invention.
The part that the present invention does not relate to prior art that maybe can adopt all same as the prior art is realized.
Claims (6)
1. the method for a microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material component, it is characterized in that the heating using microwave source adopting power linear adjustable produces microwave, microwave enters octagon multimode cavity uniformly and stably by waveguide and leaky antenna after automatic impedance matching system adjustment, heats the fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material component be positioned in octagon multimode cavity on glass plate; Composite element is laid in the composite material mould surface scribbling releasing agent, seals at composite element surface coverage release cloth, airfelt, barrier film and vacuum bag with vacuum rubber belt; During solidification, vacuumize by technological procedure, and stick temperature sensing device on mould, the temperature feedback of measurement, to control system, with process curve comparison, adjusts microwave heating temperature in real time; Realized uniformity and the load stabilization of electromagnetic field in the thermal treatment zone by octagon multimode cavity and automatic impedance matching system, ensure that composite element solidification temperature is evenly distributed; Meanwhile, measured the solidification temperature of composite element in real time by temperature sensor, ensure the controllability of solidification process; After composite element curing molding, directly take out composite element, be cooled to room temperature in outside; The frequency range of the microwave in the heating using microwave source that described power linear is adjustable comprises: 300MHz to 300GHZ, and microwave frequency immobilizes or the linear or nonlinear change by the scope of 1-20MHz; The size of power by cavity of microwave and the heating process requirement of heat medium, can between 0 to peak power linear regulation; The microwave entered in octagon multimode cavity comprises TEM ripple, TE ripple, one or more in TM ripple; The heating using microwave source that described power linear is adjustable is made up of controlled auto-transformer and magnetron, or is made up of signal generator and microwave amplifier; Be provided with on the surface of octagon microwave multimode cavity and effectively can offset microwave, reduce the choke groove that leaks of microwave, the groove depth of choke groove is 1/4th microwave wavelengths; Described automatic impedance matching system is driven by computer-controlled stepper motor, by the position of pin in control group adaptation, and then the size of adjustment impedance, control the microwave change of waveguide, with under the acting in conjunction of octagon microwave multimode cavity body structure, make the even microwave distribution in furnace chamber, load stabilization, thus ensure that heating microwave is uniform and stable.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described composite material mould is the one in carbon fibre reinforced composite mould, glass fibre reinforced composion mould, ceramic material mould, quartz material mould, high temperature resistant cement material molds or high temperature resistant gypsum material mould.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material, and formed at composite material mould last layer one deck laying by prepreg, lay direction is different; The fibre reinforcement of fiber reinforcement comprises continuous print carbon fiber or glass fibre or aramid fiber or boron fibre, or one or more mixing in the short carbon fiber cut or glass fibre or aramid fiber; Resin matrix comprises: the one in phenolic resins, epoxy resin, bimaleimide resin, polyimide resin or its modified resin.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described temperature sensing device comprises in thermocouple, thermistor, infrared sensor, optical fiber fluorescent sensor and fiber-optic grating sensor one or more.
5. the device of a microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material component, it is characterized in that it comprises: object carrier plate (1), vacuum tube interface (2), choke groove (3), leaky antenna (4), body of heater (5), temperature sensor joint (6), temperature control panel (7), guidance panel (8), fire door (9), ball-screw (10), stepper motor (11), PLC(12), cooling water inlet (13), coolant outlet (18), microwave source (19), microwave transmission line (20), impedance matching box (21), rectangular waveguide device (22) and octagon multimode cavity (23), described octagon multimode cavity (23) is arranged in body of heater (5), the moving conduit of ball-screw (10) is left at the rear portion of octagon multimode cavity (23), rear portion remainder sealing, anterior fire door (9) adopts general chokes sealing metal coil, ensure without electromagnetic leakage, object carrier plate (1) is connected with ball-screw (10) and the composite element that need solidify under it drives is sent in octagon multimode cavity or from octagon multimode cavity and taken out, ball-screw (10) is driven by stepper motor (11), stepper motor (11) is controlled by PLC(12), the microwave of microwave source (19) is delivered to rectangular waveguide device (22) by microwave transmission line (20) and impedance matching box (21), then imports in octagon multimode cavity (23) by leaky antenna (4) by microwave, microwave is roundtrip in octagonal octagon multimode cavity (23), is finally fiber re-enforced polymer matrix composites and absorbs, cooling water from cooling water inlet (13) enter microwave source (19) is cooled after flow out from coolant outlet (18), impedance matching box (21) is driven by computer (27) and stepper motor (29), is positioned between rectangular waveguide device (22) and microwave source (19), temperature sensor joint (6) is connected with each temperature sensor and measures the temperature value of multiple spot on composite element in real time, and temperature data is transferred to PLC(12), automatically control microwave power, make heating-up temperature meet process curve, power, the heating-up temperature of temperature control panel (7) and guidance panel (8) control device and vacuumize, meet the normal service requirement of device, described microwave source (19) is made up of microwave signal generator (14), microwave amplifier (15), controlled auto-transformer (16) and magnetron (17), the output of microwave signal generator (14) connects microwave amplifier (15), the output of microwave amplifier connects the input of controlled auto-transformer, the output of controlled auto-transformer connects magnetron, magnetron is delivered to rectangular waveguide device (22) after being transported to impedance matching box (21) coupling by microwave transmission line, then is imported in octagon multimode cavity (23) by microwave by leaky antenna (4).
6. device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that temperature and the vacuum of the composite element measured in real time in solidification process above show at temperature control panel (7) and guidance panel (8), for control system monitoring and the duty of adjusting device, control system is divided manually and control automatically, during Non-follow control, by artificial according to Display panel Data Control heating power, heat time with vacuumize state; During automatic control, at the temperature process curve required for the input solidification of guidance panel (8) place, automatically run by PLC control device.
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