CN103587130A - Method and device for curing fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material component by utilizing microwaves - Google Patents
Method and device for curing fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material component by utilizing microwaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN103587130A CN103587130A CN201310480686.4A CN201310480686A CN103587130A CN 103587130 A CN103587130 A CN 103587130A CN 201310480686 A CN201310480686 A CN 201310480686A CN 103587130 A CN103587130 A CN 103587130A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for curing a fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material component by utilizing microwaves. The microwaves which are generated by a microwave source with linearly-adjustable power are guided into a resonant cavity, and the microwaves penetrate through and heat the composite material, so that the composite material can be quickly cured and formed. By adopting the advanced octagonal microwave-mode resonant cavity, the uniformity of an electromagnetic field inside the device can be realized; the interference of the reflection wave on the microwave source can be reduced by adopting an automatic impedance matching system, so that the optimal transmission of the microwave power can be realized. A vacuum pipe connector and a temperature sensor are arranged on the inner side wall of the octagonal multi-mode resonant cavity, a glass worktable is arranged inside the resonant cavity, and the rotation of a ball screw is controlled through a stepper motor to control the back-forth movement of the worktable. A choking groove is adopted to prevent the leakage of the microwave. By adopting the method and the device, the problems of the traditional autoclave forming method that the time for manufacturing the fiber-reinforced composite material is long, the energy consumption is high and the heat is non-uniform can be solved, the curing time can be saved, and the quality and performance of the composite material component can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite material solidification method, especially a kind of microwave that utilizes carries out composite element final curing method and device, specifically a kind of method of microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material member.
Background technology
As everyone knows, the advantage such as fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material has that high specific strength and specific stiffness, quality are light, heat-resisting, corrosion-resistant, antifatigue, damping performance are good, is widely used in the fields such as aerospace field, communications and transportation, wind-power electricity generation, electron electric power.Prepreg is that reinforcing fiber (carbon fiber, glass fibre, aramid fiber) is immersed in to the prepreg section product of making in matrix (epoxy resin, mylar, thermoplastic resin etc.), is the intermediate materials of composite.
Because composite has the performance of above-mentioned excellence, therefore developed different forming methods for different composite elements.Wherein, autoclave molding method has a very wide range of applications in Aero-Space, automobile making and field of petrochemical industry.Especially at aerospace field, become of paramount importance moulding process.But there is many problems and defect in autoclave molding technology: (1) solidification of hot-press tank time is long, energy consumption is high and resource utilization is low.Autoclave technique is mainly with the form of heat convection heater from outside to inside, and temperature contrast is the basic reason that causes that its internal heat conduction occurs.Composite material forming is long hardening time, and need to guarantee enough temperature homogeneities.This mode of heating efficiency is low, and the time is long, and temperature is controlled has hysteresis quality, and a large amount of energy are consumed.(2) member of autoclave molding large scale and thickness there will be unacceptable thermograde and poor compactness.The moulding of large scale complex composite material needs complicated die face and support, heat conduction and surperficial heat convection difficulty, the poor temperature uniformity of member.Cause the most at last member to produce residual stress and distortion.Thick-layer composite plate thermograde in solidifying can cause the anisotropy of viscosity and curing degree, first temperature peak appears at laminate near surface, then to central authorities, spread, and geometric shape has remarkable impact to solidifying the development of thick cross-sectional layers intralamellar part micro-crack and coming unstuck.Meanwhile, there are some defects in the composite material cementing interface of solidification of hot-press tank, and mechanical property is not ideal enough, affects quality and the service life of composite.
And common microwave stove has following shortcoming: (1) can not realize Linear Control, minimum heating power is excessive, is unfavorable for the control to composite material solidification temperature, process, easily burns out composite element.(2) there is no special vacuum extractor and temperature sensor, can not vacuumize with real time monitoring heating-up temperature and change, the solidification process of composite is not easy to control.(3) microwave source is directly transmitted into microwave in stove by antenna, and uncontrolled microwave is constantly reflection in stove, skewness, cause composite to be heated inhomogeneous, state of cure in multiple material is inconsistent, makes component inside produce internal stress, has a strong impact on the performance of material.(4) common metal mould conduction, can shield electromagnetic wave, cannot realize heating.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the energy consumption of existing composite solidification of hot-press tank existence large, cycle is long, and common microwave cannot be directly used in the problem of composite material solidification, invent a kind of method that can utilize microwave to be cured composite element, a kind of microwave curing device matching is provided simultaneously.
One of technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of method of microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material member, it is characterized in that adopting the adjustable microwave source of power linear to produce microwave, microwave enters uniformly and stably octagon multimode cavity by waveguide and leaky antenna after automatic impedance matching system adjustment, and heating is positioned over the fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material member on glass plate in octagon multimode cavity; Composite element is laid in the composite material mould surface that scribbles releasing agent, at composite element surface coverage release cloth, airfelt, barrier film and vacuum bag and seal with vacuum rubber belt; While solidifying, vacuumize, and stick temperature sensing device by technological procedure on mould, the temperature feedback of measurement, to control system, is compared with process curve, adjusts in real time microwave heating temperature; The uniformity and the load that by octagon multimode cavity and automatic impedance matching system, realize electromagnetic field in the thermal treatment zone are stable, guarantee that composite element solidification temperature is evenly distributed; Meanwhile, by temperature sensor, measure in real time the solidification temperature of composite element, guarantee the controllability of solidification process; After composite element curing molding, directly take out composite element, be externally cooled to room temperature.
Described composite material mould is a kind of in carbon fibre reinforced composite mould, glass fibre reinforced composion mould, ceramic material mould, quartz material mould, high-temperature resistant water mud material mould or high temperature resistant gypsum material mould.
The frequency range of the microwave in the heating using microwave source that described power linear is adjustable comprises: 300MHz to 300GHZ, and microwave frequency immobilizes or by scope linearity or the nonlinear change of 1-20MHz; The power of microwave, can be 0 to linear regulation between peak power by the heating process requirement of the size of cavity and heat medium; The microwave entering in octagon multimode cavity comprises TEM ripple, TE ripple, one or more in TM ripple; Described microwave source is comprised of controlled auto-transformer and magnetron, or is comprised of signal generator and microwave amplifier.
Described fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material, is formed at composite material mould last layer one deck laying by prepreg, and lay direction is different; The fibre reinforcement that fiber reinforcement is used comprises continuous carbon fiber or glass fibre or aramid fiber or boron fibre, or one or more mixing in chopped carbon fiber or glass fibre or aramid fiber; Resin matrix comprises: a kind of or its modified resin in phenolic resins, epoxy resin, bimaleimide resin, polyimide resin.
On the surface of octagon microwave multimode cavity, be provided with and can effectively offset microwave, reduce the choke groove that microwave leaks, the groove depth of choke groove is 1/4th microwave wavelengths.
Described automatic impedance matching system is driven by computer-controlled stepper motor, by the position of pin in control group adaptation, and then the size of adjustment impedance, the microwave of controlling waveguide changes, under the acting in conjunction with octagon microwave multimode cavity body structure, make the even microwave distribution in furnace chamber, load is stable, thereby guarantees that heating microwave is uniform and stable;
Described temperature sensing device comprises one or more in thermocouple, thermistor, infrared sensor, optical fiber fluorescent sensor and fiber-optic grating sensor.
Two of technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of device of microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material member, it is characterized in that it comprises: object carrier plate 1, vacuum tube interface 2, choke groove 3, leaky antenna 4, body of heater 5, temperature sensor joint 6, temperature control panel 7, guidance panel 8, fire door 9, ball-screw 10, stepper motor 11, PLC12, cooling water inlet 13, coolant outlet 18, microwave source 19, microwave transmission line 20, impedance matching box 21, rectangular waveguide device 22 and octagon multimode cavity 23, described octagon multimode cavity 23 is arranged in body of heater 5, the moving conduit of ball-screw 10 is left at the rear portion of octagon multimode cavity 23, rear portion remainder sealing, anterior fire door 9 adopts general chokes sealing metal coil, assurance is without electromagnetic leakage, during object carrier plate 1 is connected with ball-screw 10 and by need, curing composite element is sent into octagon multimode cavity under it drives or take out from octagon multimode cavity, ball-screw 10 is driven by stepper motor 11, stepper motor 11 is controlled by PLC12, the microwave of microwave source 19 is delivered to rectangular waveguide device 22 by microwave transmission line 20 and impedance matching box 21, then by leaky antenna 4, microwave is imported in octagon multimode cavity 23, microwave carrys out back reflective octagonal octagon multimode cavity 23 is interior, finally by fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material, is absorbed, cooling water enters from cooling water inlet 13 microwave source 19 is carried out cooling flowing out from coolant outlet 18, impedance matching box 21 is driven by computer 27 and stepper motor 29, is positioned between rectangular waveguide device 22 and microwave source 19, temperature sensor joint 6 is connected with each temperature sensor and measures in real time the temperature value of multiple spot on composite element, and temperature data is transferred to PLC12, automatically controls microwave power, makes heating-up temperature meet process curve, power, the heating-up temperature of temperature control panel 7 and guidance panel 8 control device and vacuumizing, meets the normal service requirement of device.
The temperature of the composite element measuring in real time in solidification process and vacuum show on temperature control panel 7 and guidance panel 8, duty for control system monitoring and adjusting device, control system is divided manually and control automatically, while manually controlling, by manually according to Display panel Data Control heating power, heat time with vacuumize state; While automatically controlling, in guidance panel 8 places input, solidify needed temperature process curve, by PLC control device, automatically moved.
Described microwave source 19 is comprised of microwave signal generator 14, microwave amplifier 15, controlled auto-transformer 16 and magnetron 17, the output of microwave signal generator 14 connects microwave amplifier 15, the output of microwave amplifier connects the input of controlled auto-transformer, the output of controlled auto-transformer connects magnetron, magnetron is delivered to rectangular waveguide device 22 after being transported to impedance matching box 21 couplings by microwave transmission line, then by leaky antenna 4, microwave is imported in octagon multimode cavity 23.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The invention solves traditional autoclave molding method and manufacture that the fibre reinforced composites time is long, energy consumption is high, member curing deformation is serious, the large and complicated problem of mould support of internal stress, save hardening time, improved the quality and performance of composite element.Meanwhile, the problem that also having solved common microwave stove microwave skewness, power can not linear regulation, load is unstable and can not vacuumize in inside.
1. the present invention adopts the adjustable heating using microwave of power linear and vacuumizes cure under pressure forming composite, can complete at short notice the moulding of fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material, improve the quality and performance of member, molding time is only 25% left and right of conventional method, but the intensity of member improves more than 30% with specific energy.
2.the present invention can moulding high-performance, good stability of the dimension, internal stress and the little fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material of distortion.Shortened the production time greatly, improved energy utilization rate simultaneously.Realized the fast curing-formed of fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material, experiment showed, that deflection is only existing methodical 20% left and right, so internal stress has been negligible.
3.the present invention, by adopting octagon microwave multimode cavity body, has realized the uniformity that electromagnetic field distributes, and the composite that guarantees to be cured is heated evenly, and eliminates the inhomogeneous curing deformation bringing and the internal stress problem of being heated.
4.the present invention passes through at furnace chamber internal placement vacuum tube interface, and the demand vacuumizing in implement device makes in vacuum bag mould, to keep vacuum in heating process, makes composite be close to die surface, compacting, thereby Forming Quality and the performance of raising member.
5. the present invention, by adopting the mould of composite, has solved common metal mould conduction, has shielded electromagnetic problem, has also solved the problem of the matched coefficients of thermal expansion of other materials mould existence simultaneously.First by mach method, metal is processed to the shape of mould, then through turning over mould, produce the composite material mould of required profile.
6. the present invention, by adopting automatic impedance matching system, has solved micro-wave oven reflected waves and microwave source has been produced to the problem of disturbing, and can mate quickly and accurately needed impedance, and the stability of proof load realizes the best transmission of microwave power.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the general structure cross sectional representation of microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material element apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the general structure schematic diagram of microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material element apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the operation principle schematic diagram of microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material element apparatus automatic impedance matcher of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material of the present invention lay on mould.
In figure: 1 is object carrier plate, 2 is vacuum tube interface, be 3 choke grooves, 4 is leaky antenna, 5 is body of heater, 6 is temperature sensor joint, 7 is temperature control panel, 8 is guidance panel, 9 is fire door, 10 is ball-screw, 11 is stepper motor, 12 is PLC, 13 is cooling water inlet, 14 is signal generator, 15 is microwave amplifier, 16 is controlled auto-transformer, 17 is magnetron, 18 is coolant outlet, 19 is microwave source, 20 is microwave transmission line, 21 is impedance matching box, 22 is rectangular waveguide device, 23 is octagon multimode cavity, 24 is six end interfaces, 25 is A/D converter, 26 is interface, 27 is computer, 28 is drive circuit, 29 is stepper motor, 30 is pin, 31 is load, 32 is port I, 33 is port II(being tested surface), 101 is mould, 102 is releasing agent, 103 is release cloth, 104 is vacuum bag, 105 is porous release film, 106 is composite, 107 is airfelt, 108 is vacuum valve, 109 is snap joint, 110 is sealant tape.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment mono-.
As Figure 1-4.
A method for microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material member, first it carry out forvacuum to the one deck for the manufacture of composite element institute lay or some layers of prepreg fiber laying, puts into octagon multimode cavity and carry out heating using microwave.In whole solidification process, the temperature of a plurality of points of serviceability temperature Sensor monitoring component surface, controls microwave power automatically, makes heating-up temperature meet process curve.Temperature and the vacuum of member in real-time measurement and monitoring solidification process.After composite material solidification completes, open fire door, member is placed in to the outer cooling down of device.Next group part and member be curing molding in embedding device as stated above again.As shown in Figure 1, 2.
In solidification process, can adopt the adjustable microwave source of power linear to produce microwave, microwave enters octagon microwave multimode cavity by waveguide and leaky antenna after automatic impedance matching system adjustment, heating is positioned over the fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material on glass plate in octagon cavity, uniform and stable in furnace chamber through the microwave of adjusting.Compound material laying is placed on the composite material mould surface that scribbles releasing agent, and material surface covers the auxiliary materials that vacuumize such as release cloth, airfelt, barrier film and vacuum bag, with vacuum rubber belt, seals as Fig. 4.While solidifying, by technological procedure, vacuumize, and stick temperature sensing device on mould.Device adopts advanced octagon microwave multimode cavity body structure and automatic impedance matching system, and in implement device, the uniformity of electromagnetic field and load are stablized, and guarantees that member solidification temperature is evenly distributed.Meanwhile, be arranged on the temperature that temperature sensor in device is measured member in real time, guarantee the controllability of solidification process.Device also adopts choke groove to reduce microwave and leaks.After composite element moulding, directly take out composite, be externally cooled to room temperature.Described mould can form in a kind of manufacture in carbon fibre reinforced composite or glass fibre reinforced composion or ceramic material or quartz material or high-temperature resistant water mud material or high temperature resistant gypsum material.The heating using microwave source that power linear is adjustable, the frequency range of its microwave comprises: 300MHz to 300GHZ, microwave frequency can immobilize, also can be according to scope linearity or the non-nonlinear change of 1-20MHz.The power of microwave, can be 0 to linear regulation between peak power by the heating process requirement of the size of cavity and heat medium.Microwave in multimode cavity body comprises TEM ripple, TE ripple, at least one in TM ripple or various modes.Microwave source is comprised of controlled auto-transformer and magnetron, or is comprised of signal generator and microwave amplifier.During fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material lay, by prepreg, at mould last layer one deck laying, formed, lay direction can be different.As Fig. 4, fibre reinforcement wherein comprises continuous carbon fiber or glass fibre or aramid fiber or boron fibre; Or chopped carbon fiber or glass fibre or aramid fiber, in one or more mixing.Resin matrix wherein comprises: a kind of or its modified resin in phenolic resins, epoxy resin, bimaleimide resin, polyimide resin.The choke groove groove depth adopting can be 1/4th microwave wavelengths, to can effectively offset microwave, reduces microwave and leaks.Automatic impedance matching system is by the driving of computer-controlled stepper motor, the position of pin in control group adaptation, as the size of Fig. 3 and then adjustment impedance, the microwave of controlling waveguide changes, under the acting in conjunction with octagon microwave multimode cavity body structure, make the even microwave distribution in furnace chamber, load is stable, thereby guarantees that heating microwave is uniform and stable.During heating using microwave, adopt temperature sensor to measure in real time the temperature of a plurality of points in composite element surface.The control system of the temperature feedback auto levelizer of measuring, compares with process curve, adjusts in real time microwave heating temperature, realizes high-precision temperature and controls.Wherein temperature sensor comprises one or more in thermocouple, thermistor, infrared sensor, optical fiber fluorescent sensor and fiber-optic grating sensor.
Embodiment bis-.
As Figure 1-3.
A kind of device of microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material member, it comprises: object carrier plate 1, vacuum tube interface 2, choke groove 3, leaky antenna 4, body of heater 5, temperature sensor joint 6, temperature control panel 7, guidance panel 8, as Fig. 1, fire door 9, ball-screw 10, stepper motor 11, PLC12, cooling water inlet 13, coolant outlet 18, microwave source 19, microwave transmission line 20, impedance matching box 21, rectangular waveguide device 22 and octagon multimode cavity 23, as Fig. 2, described octagon multimode cavity 23 is arranged in body of heater 5, the moving conduit of ball-screw 10 is left at the rear portion of octagon multimode cavity 23, rear portion remainder sealing, anterior fire door 9 adopts general chokes sealing metal coil, assurance is without electromagnetic leakage, during object carrier plate 1 is connected with ball-screw 10 and by need, curing composite element is sent into octagon multimode cavity under it drives or take out from octagon multimode cavity, ball-screw 10 is driven by stepper motor 11, stepper motor 11 is controlled by PLC12, the microwave of microwave source 19 is delivered to rectangular waveguide device 22 by microwave transmission line 20 and impedance matching box 21, then by leaky antenna 4, microwave is imported in octagon multimode cavity 23, microwave carrys out back reflective octagonal octagon multimode cavity 23 is interior, finally by fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material, is absorbed, cooling water enters from cooling water inlet 13 microwave source 19 is carried out cooling flowing out from coolant outlet 18, impedance matching box 21 is driven by computer 27 and stepper motor 29, is positioned between rectangular waveguide device 22 and microwave source 19, temperature sensor joint 6 is connected with each temperature sensor and measures in real time the temperature value of multiple spot on composite element, and temperature data is transferred to PLC12, automatically controls microwave power, makes heating-up temperature meet process curve, power, the heating-up temperature of temperature control panel 7 and guidance panel 8 control device and vacuumizing, meets the normal service requirement of device.The temperature of the composite element measuring in real time in solidification process and vacuum show on temperature control panel 7 and guidance panel 8, duty for control system monitoring and adjusting device, control system is divided manually and control automatically, while manually controlling, by manually according to Display panel Data Control heating power, heat time with vacuumize state; While automatically controlling, in guidance panel 8 places input, solidify needed temperature process curve, by PLC control device, automatically moved.Described microwave source 19 is comprised of microwave signal generator 14, microwave amplifier 15, controlled auto-transformer 16 and magnetron 17, the output of microwave signal generator 14 connects microwave amplifier 15, the output of microwave amplifier connects the input of controlled auto-transformer, the output of controlled auto-transformer connects magnetron, magnetron is delivered to rectangular waveguide device 22 after being transported to impedance matching box 21 couplings by microwave transmission line, then by leaky antenna 4, microwave is imported in octagon multimode cavity 23.Microwave is delivered to rectangular waveguide 22 by microwave transmission line 20 and the impedance matching box 21 being connected with microwave source 19, then by leaky antenna 4, microwave is imported in multimode cavity 23.Microwave carrys out back reflective octagonal multimode cavity 23 is interior, finally by fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material, is absorbed.When solidifying beginning, vacuum tube is connected with vacuum tube interface 2, and system vacuumizes.Along with the temperature rising of material, the curing reaction of resin starts to carry out, through heating and insulation after a while, composite material solidification moulding.Octagon resonator 23 sizes are by mode of resonance number and power decision, and the moving conduit of ball-screw is left at its rear portion, the sealing of rear portion remainder, and anterior fire door 9 adopts general chokes sealing metal coil, guarantees without electromagnetic leakage.Octagon multimode cavity 23, can encourage a plurality of electromagnetic field mode of operations.Coordinate rectangular waveguide 22 and impedance matching box 21, in resonator, form uniform and stable electromagnetic field, make material-to-be-heated temperature homogeneity better.Impedance matching box 21 is driven by computer and stepper motor, is positioned between rectangular waveguide 22 and microwave source 19.A plurality of temperature sensors are installed at top at device, and are connected with temperature sensor joint 6, measure in real time the temperature value of multiple spot on composite element, and temperature data is transferred to PLC12, automatically control microwave power, make heating-up temperature meet process curve.Power, the heating-up temperature of temperature control panel 7 and guidance panel 8 control device and vacuumizing, meets the normal service requirement of device.Control system, by measuring in real time temperature and the vacuum of member in solidification process, is shown to temperature control panel 7 and guidance panel 8, for the duty of monitoring and adjusting device.Control system is divided manually and is automatically controlled, while manually controlling, by manually according to Display panel Data Control heating power, heat time with vacuumize state.While automatically controlling, in guidance panel 8 places input, solidify needed temperature process curve, by PLC control device, automatically moved.PLC12 control step motor 11, by the transmission of ball-screw 10, promotes glass plate 1 front and back, coordinates the mould that conveniently assemble and disassemble volume mass is large with the crane outside stove.
Take carbon fiber as reinforcing material, take thermosetting resin as matrix, the specific embodiment that solidifies member of the present invention is as follows:
Fig. 4 is the laying process of composite of the present invention on mould.At the even scrubbing brush one deck of mould 101 molded surface releasing agent, after 102,20 minutes, brush for the second time, after 30 minutes brushes for the third time.Until releasing agent 102 is dry solidify after, get the prepreg 106 of 20 layers of thermosetting resin base carbon fibre reinforced composite of cutting out, according to the orders of 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 °, be laid on successively on the mould 101 of composite making, make layer and layer, between material surface and mould, be close to.
After laying, at composite material surface, lay in order release cloth 103, porous release film 105, airfelt 107, vacuum bag 104.Vacuum bag 104 is laid vacuum valve 108 and snap joint 109 with sealant tape 110 sealing ， edges around along mould 101, vacuumizes, detect air-tightness, if gas leakage continues compacting sealant tape 110 duplicate detection step, if air-tightness is intact, mould is prepared to move in micro-wave oven and is solidified.
Fig. 1,2 is the process that bright micro-wave oven is controlled cured composite material for this.In guidance panel 8 input instructions, by PLC12 control step motor 11, by the transmission of ball-screw 10, promote glass plate 1 moves outside stove, use crane by treating that curing composite and mould are put on glass plate 1, vacuum tube is connected with vacuum tube joint 2, vacuumize, from guidance panel 8, input instruction again, regain glass plate 1.Close fire door 9, tighten the knob on door.At guidance panel, 8 places set required temperature and process curve, first set for 80 degree precuring a period of times, more curing transition temperature maintenance a period of time of 120 degree is set, and control mode are set for automatically controlling, startup micro-wave oven.
After micro-wave oven starts, PLC12 controls start-up capacitance transformer, makes microwave source 19 energisings, produces microwave, and cooling water 13 enters from cooling water inlet simultaneously, and cooled microwave source, is flowed out by coolant outlet 18.Microwave, by microwave transmission line 20, via the adjusting of impedance matching box 21, is transferred in rectangular waveguide 22.Microwave starts to heat fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material after entering in resonator 23 by leaky antenna 4.The temperature value of vacuum adapter 2 and temperature sensor joint 6 real-time Transmission vacuums and temperature sensor, be shown to host computer interface, signal is transferred to PLC12 simultaneously, after processing, signal adjusts the output of microwave source 19, microwave power is carried out to real-time monitoring, the process curve that temperature curve is met set.
After having solidified, close microwave source, open fire door 9.PLC12 control step motor 11, by the transmission of ball-screw 10, promotes glass plate 1 and moves outside stove, uses crane to take out composite and the mould being cured, and is cooled under field conditions (factors) room temperature.
Fig. 3 is the course of work of automatic impedance matcher of the present invention.In impedance matching box, port II33 connects magnetic strength device, and port I32 connects rectangular waveguide 22.In microwave heating process, microwave source 19 produces after microwave, enters impedance matching box 21.With six end interfaces 24, complete the detection to port II33, the value after detection, through the conversion of A/D converter 25, is imported in computer 27 by interface 26.Computer 27 is compared data with the data in database, obtain the required adjusted value that arrives, again adjustment signal is transferred to drive circuit 28 by interface 26, Driving Stepping Motor 29 rotates, adjust three length that pin 30 is deep, thereby change the impedance of impedance matching box, realize the impedance matching of high-precision high-speed, thereby eliminate the interference of back wave to microwave source, realize the best transmission of microwave power.
Below be only concrete exemplary applications of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not constituted any limitation.All employing equivalents or equivalence are replaced and the technical scheme of formation, within all dropping on rights protection scope of the present invention.
The part that the present invention does not relate to all prior art that maybe can adopt same as the prior art is realized.
Claims (10)
1. the method for a microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material member, it is characterized in that adopting the adjustable microwave source of power linear to produce microwave, microwave enters uniformly and stably octagon multimode cavity by waveguide and leaky antenna after automatic impedance matching system adjustment, and heating is positioned over the fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material member on glass plate in octagon multimode cavity; Composite element is laid in the composite material mould surface that scribbles releasing agent, at composite element surface coverage release cloth, airfelt, barrier film and vacuum bag and seal with vacuum rubber belt; While solidifying, vacuumize, and stick temperature sensing device by technological procedure on mould, the temperature feedback of measurement, to control system, is compared with process curve, adjusts in real time microwave heating temperature; The uniformity and the load that by octagon multimode cavity and automatic impedance matching system, realize electromagnetic field in the thermal treatment zone are stable, guarantee that composite element solidification temperature is evenly distributed; Meanwhile, by temperature sensor, measure in real time the solidification temperature of composite element, guarantee the controllability of solidification process; After composite element curing molding, directly take out composite element, be externally cooled to room temperature.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described composite material mould is a kind of in carbon fibre reinforced composite mould, glass fibre reinforced composion mould, ceramic material mould, quartz material mould, high-temperature resistant water mud material mould or high temperature resistant gypsum material mould.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the frequency range of the microwave in the heating using microwave source that described power linear is adjustable comprises: 300MHz to 300GHZ, and microwave frequency immobilizes or by scope linearity or the nonlinear change of 1-20MHz; The power of microwave, can be 0 to linear regulation between peak power by the heating process requirement of the size of cavity and heat medium; The microwave entering in octagon multimode cavity comprises TEM ripple, TE ripple, one or more in TM ripple; Described microwave source is comprised of controlled auto-transformer and magnetron, or is comprised of signal generator and microwave amplifier.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material, by prepreg, at composite material mould last layer one deck laying, is formed, and lay direction is different; The fibre reinforcement that fiber reinforcement is used comprises continuous carbon fiber or glass fibre or aramid fiber or boron fibre, or one or more mixing in chopped carbon fiber or glass fibre or aramid fiber; Resin matrix comprises: a kind of or its modified resin in phenolic resins, epoxy resin, bimaleimide resin, polyimide resin.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that being provided with on the surface of octagon microwave multimode cavity and can effectively offset microwave, reduce the choke groove that microwave leaks, and the groove depth of choke groove is 1/4th microwave wavelengths.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described automatic impedance matching system is driven by computer-controlled stepper motor, by the position of pin in control group adaptation, and then the size of adjustment impedance, the microwave of controlling waveguide changes, and under the acting in conjunction with octagon microwave multimode cavity body structure, makes the even microwave distribution in furnace chamber, load is stable, thereby guarantees that heating microwave is uniform and stable.
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described temperature sensing device comprises one or more in thermocouple, thermistor, infrared sensor, optical fiber fluorescent sensor and fiber-optic grating sensor.
8. the device of a microwave curing fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material member, it is characterized in that it comprises: object carrier plate (1), vacuum tube interface (2), choke groove (3), leaky antenna (4), body of heater (5), temperature sensor joint (6), temperature control panel (7), guidance panel (8), fire door (9), ball-screw (10), stepper motor (11), PLC(12), cooling water inlet (13), coolant outlet (18), microwave source (19), microwave transmission line (20), impedance matching box (21), rectangular waveguide device (22) and octagon multimode cavity (23), described octagon multimode cavity (23) is arranged in body of heater (5), the moving conduit of ball-screw (10) is left at the rear portion of octagon multimode cavity (23), rear portion remainder sealing, anterior fire door (9) adopts general chokes sealing metal coil, assurance is without electromagnetic leakage, during object carrier plate (1) is connected with ball-screw (10) and by need, curing composite element is sent into octagon multimode cavity under it drives or take out from octagon multimode cavity, ball-screw (10) is driven by stepper motor (11), stepper motor (11) is controlled by PLC(12), the microwave of microwave source (19) is delivered to rectangular waveguide device (22) by microwave transmission line (20) and impedance matching box (21), then by leaky antenna (4), microwave is imported in octagon multimode cavity (23), microwave carrys out back reflective in octagonal octagon multimode cavity (23), finally by fiber-reinforced resin matrix compound material, is absorbed, cooling water enters microwave source (19) is carried out cooling flowing out from coolant outlet (18) from cooling water inlet (13), impedance matching box (21) is driven by computer (27) and stepper motor (29), is positioned between rectangular waveguide device (22) and microwave source (19), temperature sensor joint (6) is connected with each temperature sensor and measures in real time the temperature value of multiple spot on composite element, and temperature data is transferred to PLC(12), automatically control microwave power, make heating-up temperature meet process curve, power, the heating-up temperature of temperature control panel (7) and guidance panel (8) control device and vacuumizing, meets the normal service requirement of device.
9. device according to claim 8, it is characterized in that the temperature of the composite element that measures in real time in solidification process and vacuum at temperature control panel (7) and guidance panel (8) is upper shows, duty for control system monitoring and adjusting device, control system is divided manually and control automatically, while manually controlling, by manually according to Display panel Data Control heating power, heat time with vacuumize state; While automatically controlling, at guidance panel (8), locate input and solidify needed temperature process curve, by PLC control device, automatically moved.
10. device according to claim 8, it is characterized in that described microwave source (19) is by microwave signal generator (14), microwave amplifier (15), controlled auto-transformer (16) and magnetron (17) form, the output of microwave signal generator (14) connects microwave amplifier (15), the output of microwave amplifier connects the input of controlled auto-transformer, the output of controlled auto-transformer connects magnetron, magnetron is delivered to rectangular waveguide device (22) after being transported to impedance matching box (21) coupling by microwave transmission line, by leaky antenna (4), microwave is imported in octagon multimode cavity (23) again.
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