CN103477780A - Muskmelon fertilizing method - Google Patents
Muskmelon fertilizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103477780A CN103477780A CN201310470843.3A CN201310470843A CN103477780A CN 103477780 A CN103477780 A CN 103477780A CN 201310470843 A CN201310470843 A CN 201310470843A CN 103477780 A CN103477780 A CN 103477780A
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- muskmelon
- fertilizer
- sophora alopecuroide
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Abstract
The invention discloses a muskmelon fertilizing method. The method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: 1, digging a pit in a position positioned at the inner side of a muskmelon furrow and having a horizontal distance of 20-30cm from a muskmelon plant when the muskmelon plant grows to a seedling stage and a leaf developing stage, uniformly filling Sophora alopecuroides L plants of a squaring stage in the pit, covering with soil, and treading to solidness; and 2, simultaneously applying an N fertilizer, a P fertilizer and a K fertilizer to the muskmelon plant at a fertilizing point positioned at the inner side of the muskmelon furrow and having a vertical distance of 20-30cm from a ridge after the Sophora alopecuroides L plants are filled to the pit. In the invention, the method has the advantages of simple operation and convenient management, and can effectively improve the soil quick-result-component content and especially obviously promote the quick result nitrogen in topsoil having a depth of 20-40cm in an expanding stage by applying the Sophora alopecuroides L plants; and the application of Sophora alopecuroides L green manure totally increases the muskmelon nutrient absorption and influences the sweet fruit shape index, and greatly improves the vitamin C and reducing sugar content in muskmelon pulp, wherein the fruit shape indexes in a seedling stage and the squaring stage are 0.01-0.09 lower than that of contrast groups.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizing method, be specifically related to a kind of muskmelon fertilizing method.
Background technology
In the planting process of muskmelon, due to what adopt, be conventional fertilizing method, produced in the course of time a series of problem, for example:
1, soil compaction, fertility weakens;
2, melon fruit form, quality and yield reducation;
3, damage by disease and insect is serious.
Above problem, had a strong impact on melon grower's economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple to operate, convenient management, can effectively improve soil fertility, improve the muskmelon fertilizing method of muskmelon quality and output.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of muskmelon fertilizing method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1), grow to seedling stage and stretch the climing phase at Muskmelon Plants respectively, in melon ditch inboard, dig pit, by squaring period the Sophora alopecuroide plant evenly insert in hole, steady and sure after blinding;
(2), insert the Sophora alopecuroide plant in hole after, to Muskmelon Plants simultaneously applied nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer.
Aforesaid muskmelon fertilizing method, is characterized in that, aforementioned Sophora alopecuroide plant is 20-30cm apart from the horizontal range of Muskmelon Plants.
Aforesaid muskmelon fertilizing method, is characterized in that, aforementioned Sophora alopecuroide plant is 25cm apart from the horizontal range of Muskmelon Plants.
Aforesaid muskmelon fertilizing method, is characterized in that, for the degree of depth in the hole of inserting the Sophora alopecuroide plant, is 25cm.
Aforesaid muskmelon fertilizing method, is characterized in that, aforementioned phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer apply as base manure is disposable, and the urea amount of application is made base manure, 40% with 60% and in earlier stage imposed swollen fruit.
Aforesaid muskmelon fertilizing method is characterized in that the amount of application of aforementioned nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is respectively 300kg/hm
2, 300kg/hm
2, 150kg/hm
2.
Aforesaid muskmelon fertilizing method, is characterized in that, the fertilising of aforementioned nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is selected and is: the melon ditch is inboard, apart from the ridge face vertically distance be the 20-30cm place.
Usefulness of the present invention is: simple to operate, and convenient management; By using the Sophora alopecuroide plant, can effectively improve readily available nutrient of soil content, especially available nitrogen in expanding stage 20-40cm topsoil soils is had to obvious facilitation; Use Sophora alopecuroide green manure the impact of muskmelon Nutrient Absorption is to increase trend generally, the Muskmelon Fruit Shapes index has also been produced to certain influence, wherein contrast and reduce 0.01-0.09 with the fruit shape index of stretching the climing phase seedling stage, simultaneously, use the content that Sophora alopecuroide has significantly improved muskmelon pulp vitamin C and reducing sugar.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of muskmelon fertilizing method of the present invention.
The implication of Reference numeral in figure: 1-furrow, the 2-point that applies fertilizer, Po，4-ridge, 3-ridge face, 5-muskmelon seedling, 6-Sophora alopecuroide plant.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is done to concrete introduction.
With reference to Fig. 1, muskmelon fertilizing method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
The first step: growing to seedling stage and stretching the climing phase at Muskmelon Plants 5, is to dig pit on slope, ridge 3 in melon ditch inboard, and the preferred vertically degree of depth in this hole is 25cm, then by squaring period the Sophora alopecuroide plant 6 evenly insert in hole, having peace of mind after blinding.
Preferably, Sophora alopecuroide plant 6 is 20-30cm apart from the horizontal range of muskmelon seedling 5.
More preferably, Sophora alopecuroide plant 6 is 25cm apart from the horizontal range of muskmelon seedling 5.
Second step: after inserting the Sophora alopecuroide plant in hole, to 5 while of muskmelon seedling applied nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer apply as base manure is disposable, and the urea amount of application is made base manure, 40% with 60% and in earlier stage imposed swollen fruit.
Preferably, the amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is respectively 300kg/hm
2, 300kg/hm
2, 150kg/hm
2.
The fertilising of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is selected 2 and is preferably: melon ditch inboard is slope, ridge 3, is the 20-30cm place apart from the vertical distance of ridge face 4.
Below take the experimental field that is positioned at 3 villages, Yuepu Lake township, Yuepuhu County, Xinjiang is example, the advantage of process in detail.
1, study area overview
Experimental field is positioned at 3 villages, Yuepu Lake township, Yuepuhu County, Xinjiang, 076 ° 45 ' 34.22 of east longitude ", 39 ° 12 ' 39.72 of north latitude ", belong to warm temperate zone continental extreme drought desert climate type.Year illumination time 2500-3000 hour, 12.4 ℃ of annual mean temperatures, precipitation 47.8mm, year evaporation discharge 2656.9mm, 232 days frost-free seasons, the total solar radiation amount is 140KJ/cm
2.Soil types is ploughed meadow soil for filling with, pH is 8.10, the content of organic matter is 26.18g/kg, and full nitrogen, full phosphorus, full potassium content are respectively 1.73g/kg, 1.04g/kg, 10.35g/kg, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium content are respectively 12mg/kg, 22mg/kg, 208mg/kg.This test Muskmelon Planting time is on April 20th, 2012.
2, research material and experimental scheme
(1), 6 processing of experimental scheme, be respectively:
K
0: do not use Sophora alopecuroide;
K
1: use fresh Sophora alopecuroide 6000kg/hm at muskmelon seedling stage (3-4 sheet true leaf)
2;
K
2: stretch the climing phase (main climing 8-9 joint) at muskmelon and use fresh Sophora alopecuroide 3000kg/hm
2;
K
3: stretch the climing phase (main climing 8-9 joint) at muskmelon and use fresh Sophora alopecuroide 6000kg/hm
2;
K
4: stretch the climing phase (main climing 8-9 joint) at muskmelon and use fresh Sophora alopecuroide 9000kg/hm
2;
K
5: at muskmelon, bloom the phase of bearing fruit (the first female flower of main climing 10-13 joint is open) uses fresh Sophora alopecuroide 6000kg/hm
2.
Each processes the nitrogenous fertilizer (N300kg/hm that uses equivalent
2), phosphate fertilizer (P
2o
5300kg/hm
2) and potash fertilizer (K
2o150kg/hm
2), phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer apply as base manure is disposable, and the urea amount of application is made base manure with 60%, and 40% imposes in earlier stage swollen fruit.
(2), for the examination melon variety, be Jiashi's melon, cropping pattern is full stand outdoor cropping, furrow 1 is 40cm with the difference in height of ridge face 4, face 4 width in ridge are 80cm, left and right, 45 °, 3 angle of inclination, slope, ridge, other field management are identical with locality.
3, research contents
(1), the impact of Sophora alopecuroide green manure on the melonry soil nutrient
The impact (mg/kg) of table 1 Sophora alopecuroide green manure on the melonry soil nutrient
Annotate: in table in same breeding time same row different lowercases mean the level of difference of P<0.05.Lower same.
Multiple ratio shows, and contrasts K
0compare, use each alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium content difference of processing of Sophora alopecuroide and do not reach significance level in the 0-20cm topsoil soils; And, in the 20-40cm topsoil soils, using Sophora alopecuroide has certain influence to soil nutrient, wherein at expanding stage K
1, K
2, K
3, K
4, K
5the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content of five processing is than K
0all reached significance level, K
1, K
4, K
5the available phosphorus contents of three processing is than K
0increased respectively 17.6%, 39.4% and 17.6%, K
1, K
2, K
4the quick-acting potassium content of three processing is than K
0increased respectively 3.2%, 2.6% and 11.3%, stretched climing phase K
1, K
5the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content of processing is than K
0increased respectively 14.3% and 6.1%.Illustrate that thus using Sophora alopecuroide can improve readily available nutrient of soil content, especially has obvious facilitation to available nitrogen in expanding stage 20-40cm topsoil soils.
(2), the impact of Sophora alopecuroide green manure on stand muskmelon Nutrient Absorption
Impact (the kg/hm of table 2 Sophora alopecuroide green manure on stand muskmelon Nutrient Absorption
2)
Use Sophora alopecuroide green manure the impact of muskmelon Nutrient Absorption is not reached to significance level, but be generally increase trend, under Sophora alopecuroide different administration level, muskmelon shows as and is stretching climing phase K the absorption of nitrogen
1, K
2, K
4, and K
5than K
0the total nitrogen content of comparing has increased respectively 24.30%, 9.09%, 9.27% and 2.97%, at expanding stage K
1, K
4and K
5total nitrogen content than K
0increased respectively 8.78%, 5.58% and 3.52%, in the maturing stage, each total nitrogen content of processing contrasts the trend that increase is all arranged; Muskmelon shows as and is stretching climing phase K the absorption of phosphorus element
1content of tatal phosphorus than K
0compare and increased by 4.19%, content of tatal phosphorus of respectively processing at expanding stage is than K
0compare all and increase to some extent, in the maturing stage, remove K
3the outer content of tatal phosphorus that each is processed is than K
0increase is all arranged; Muskmelon shows as than K the absorption of potassium element
0compare, stretching climing phase K
1and K
3full potassium content increased respectively 9.64% and 1.70%, at expanding stage K
1, K
3and K
4full potassium content increased respectively 3.77%, 1.34% and 1.53%, in the maturing stage, except K
5the outer full potassium content that each is processed contrasts all increase trend.
(3), the impact of Sophora alopecuroide green manure on stand melon fruit output
The impact of table 3 Sophora alopecuroide green manure on stand melon fruit output
Under stand cultivation, planting density is consistent, and every strain only stays one piece of fruit, and between therefore processing, unit are fruit quantity is without larger difference.With contrast K
0compare K
1, K
4the output of processing is than K
0increase by 11.20% and 10.09%, and K
2, K
3and K
5the amplification of processing is in 5% left and right.The effect of increasing production that explanation is used Sophora alopecuroide in seedling stage is better, is secondly to use stretching the climing phase, is executing Sophora alopecuroide 6000kg/hm
2same level on, K
1, K
3and K
5fruit mass and the output processed have different, K
1fruit mass than K
3, K
5increased by 4.63%, output is than K
3, K
5increased respectively 6.48% and 5.02%, illustrated on the same fertilizing standards of Sophora alopecuroide, the effect of increasing production of using Sophora alopecuroide seedling stage is better than stretching climing phase and blooming the phase of bearing fruit, and uses period K from Sophora alopecuroide is same
4fruit mass and the output processed are better than K
2and K
3, wherein fruit mass is than K
2, K
3increased respectively 3.04% and 4.63%, output is than K
2, K
3increased respectively 4.22% and 5.84%, illustrated stretching the climing phase while using Sophora alopecuroide, used fresh Sophora alopecuroide 9000kg/hm
2fruit mass and effect of increasing production be better than 3000kg/hm
2and 6000kg/hm
2amount of application.Simultaneously, the decayed fruit rate difference between each processing is little.
(4), the impact of Sophora alopecuroide green manure on stand melon fruit quality
The impact of table 4 Sophora alopecuroide green manure on stand melon fruit quality
With contrast K
0compare, use Sophora alopecuroide the Muskmelon Fruit Shapes index has been produced to certain influence, wherein K
5the fruit shape index of processing is than K
0process and increase by 0.06, and other fruit shape indexs of using the Sophora alopecuroide processing contrast minimizing 0.01-0.09.Because rational fruit shape index is the proper necessary condition of melon fruit fruit shape, and the fruit shape index increase can cause the possibility of fruit shape distortion, and it is not to select preferably that the phase of bearing fruit of therefore blooming is used Sophora alopecuroide.
Use Sophora alopecuroide larger on the impact of muskmelon pulp vitamin C and content of reducing sugar, wherein, K
1, K
4the amplification of processing reaches respectively 24.71% and 28.74%, minimum amplification be treated to K
2, be 1.15%.Use Sophora alopecuroide muskmelon pulp content of reducing sugar has been produced to larger impact.In seedling stage, stretch the climing phase and the phase of bearing fruit of blooming is used 3000-9000kg/hm
2fresh Sophora alopecuroide all can increase the pulp content of reducing sugar, wherein uses 9000kg/hm stretching the climing phase
2the effect of fresh Sophora alopecuroide is best, and amplification is 34.48%, uses 6000kg/hm in seedling stage
2the amplification of fresh Sophora alopecuroide is 11.49%.
Comprehensive relatively, use 6000kg/hm seedling stage at muskmelon
2fresh Sophora alopecuroide and stretch the climing phase and use 9000kg/hm
2no matter fresh Sophora alopecuroide aspect soil, muskmelon nutrient content or aspect muskmelon output, quality, all shows certain advantage.
As can be seen here, fertilizing method of the present invention is simple to operate, convenient management not only, and, by using the Sophora alopecuroide plant, can effectively improve readily available nutrient of soil content, especially available nitrogen in expanding stage 20-40cm topsoil soils is had to obvious facilitation; Simultaneously, use Sophora alopecuroide green manure the impact of muskmelon Nutrient Absorption is to increase trend generally, the Muskmelon Fruit Shapes index has also been produced to certain influence, and significantly improved the content of muskmelon pulp vitamin C and reducing sugar.
It should be noted that, above-described embodiment does not limit the present invention in any form, and all employings are equal to replaces or technical scheme that the mode of equivalent transformation obtains, all drops in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the muskmelon fertilizing method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1), grow to seedling stage and stretch the climing phase at Muskmelon Plants respectively, in melon ditch inboard, dig pit, by squaring period the Sophora alopecuroide plant evenly insert in hole, steady and sure after blinding;
(2), insert the Sophora alopecuroide plant in hole after, to Muskmelon Plants simultaneously applied nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer.
2. muskmelon fertilizing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Sophora alopecuroide plant is 20-30cm apart from the horizontal range of Muskmelon Plants.
3. muskmelon fertilizing method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described Sophora alopecuroide plant is 25cm apart from the horizontal range of Muskmelon Plants.
4. muskmelon fertilizing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, for the degree of depth in the hole of inserting the Sophora alopecuroide plant, is 25cm.
5. muskmelon fertilizing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer apply as base manure is disposable, and the urea amount of application is made base manure, 40% with 60% and in earlier stage imposed swollen fruit.
6. muskmelon fertilizing method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the amount of application of described nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is respectively 300kg/hm
2, 300kg/hm
2, 150kg/hm
2.
7. according to the described muskmelon fertilizing method of claim 5 or 6, it is characterized in that, the fertilising of described nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is selected and is: the melon ditch is inboard, apart from the ridge face vertically distance be the 20-30cm place.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110818497A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-21 | 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所 | Application method of long-acting slow-release special fertilizer for melons |
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| CN1357519A (en) * | 2001-11-09 | 2002-07-10 | 中国科学院新疆化学研究所 | Long-acting plant composite fertilizer |
| CN1398825A (en) * | 2002-08-09 | 2003-02-26 | 哈力克·艾力 | Composite foxtail-like sophora fertilizer and its production process |
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2013
- 2013-10-10 CN CN201310470843.3A patent/CN103477780A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1357519A (en) * | 2001-11-09 | 2002-07-10 | 中国科学院新疆化学研究所 | Long-acting plant composite fertilizer |
| CN1398825A (en) * | 2002-08-09 | 2003-02-26 | 哈力克·艾力 | Composite foxtail-like sophora fertilizer and its production process |
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| 吴海华等: "不同水氮水平对全立架露地栽培伽师瓜光合特性与水分利用效率的影响", 《中国瓜菜》 * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110818497A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-21 | 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所 | Application method of long-acting slow-release special fertilizer for melons |
| CN110818497B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2021-11-02 | 甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所 | Application method of long-acting slow-release special fertilizer for melons |
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Application publication date: 20140101 |