CN103404321A - Pepper overwintering cultivation field management method - Google Patents
Pepper overwintering cultivation field management method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103404321A CN103404321A CN2013101853685A CN201310185368A CN103404321A CN 103404321 A CN103404321 A CN 103404321A CN 2013101853685 A CN2013101853685 A CN 2013101853685A CN 201310185368 A CN201310185368 A CN 201310185368A CN 103404321 A CN103404321 A CN 103404321A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pepper overwintering cultivation field management method. The method comprises the first step of temperature management, wherein a shed is closed and temperature rises after field planting, the daytime temperature should be controlled between 26 DEG C and 30 DEG C, the night temperature should be controlled between 18 DEG C and 20 DEG C, and generally the rejuvenation can be achieved in 6-7 days; the second step of illumination management, wherein after December, as outside illumination time is shortened and the illumination intensity is weakened, a better-off farmer can hang a reflective curtain on the back wall to improve the illumination inside the shed; the third step of water and fertilizer management, wherein after the field planting and rejuvenation are achieved, the temperature inside a greenhouse is low, the evaporation capacity is low, the frequency of watering should be low as much as possible, and if the day is droughty, watering should be carried out in the mornings in the fine days; the fourth step of disease and pest prevention and cure, wherein peppers should be prevented from developing viral diseases, the scab, the bacterial wilt and the anthracnose, and should be prevented from being affected by polyphagotarsonemus latus, cotton bollworms and oriental tobacco budworms. According to the pepper overwintering cultivation field management method, the pepper species which is high-temperature resistant, antiviral, strong in growth vigor, big in fruits, thick in fruit flesh and cold resistant is provided, the fruits are centralized, the yield can be increased, the grade of the peppers can be improved, diseases can be prevented, the peppers can appear on the market continuously, the phenomena of flower dropping, fruit dropping and leaf dropping of the peppers can be avoided, and local economic benefits are greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation method of a kind of capsicum, the method for especially a kind of capsicum overwintering cultivation field management.
Background technology
Capsicum, also claim kind peppery, the peppery or green pepper eggplant in sea, in originating in, Nan Meizhou, stem is upright, single leaf alternate, and artificial cultivation is all therophytes, can be divided into cherry green pepper class, circular cone green pepper class, the green pepper class of clustering, long green pepper class, bell pepper class five classes, when trunk diameter growth 8-10 sheet leaf, give birth to first flower, wider than tomato, eggplant to the requirement of temperature, humidity.
(1) characteristic
1, the capsicum main root is undeveloped, and the root amount is few, and root mass is distributed in the topsoil of 10-15 centimetre mostly, and its root system is neither drought-enduring, not waterlogging-resistant again.A little less than root regeneration energy force rate tomato, eggplant.Not anti-dense fertilizer.
2, generally when stem grows to 7-15 sheet leaf, the stem end forms bud, with two wooden forks or three wooden fork branch continued growths.In general, though same kind, the plantation in autumn, the number of blade during branching is fewer than the spring, generally at the 8-9 sheet.
3, high temperature and drought brings out the generation of virus disease and spreads, and high temperature and rainy also often has virus disease popular.
4, the fallen flowers of capsicum, shedding and fallen leaves (common name " three fall ") also often easily occur, and this is a major issue on capsicum produces, very large to yield effect.The reason more complicated of " three fall ".Early spring fallen flowers be mainly due to low temperature effect the elongation of pollination and pollen tube cause; Soil and air drought are also the reasons that causes fallen flowers; Nitrogenous fertilizer too much or the factors such as deficiency, branches and leaves excessive growth, illumination deficiency directly affect to nourish and grow and with the balance of reproductive growth, cause fallen flowers; High temperature and drought causes that the generation of virus disease or high temperature waterlogging caused by excessive rain make that the Root Absorption ability weakens, the plant disorder, also have damage by disease and insect (anthracnose, ring spot, cotton bollworm, noctuid) etc., causes a large amount of " three fall ".
(2) to the requirement of environmental condition
1, temperature: germination period: flattening, true leaf appear from the seed germination to the cotyledon.The germination thermophilic is 25-30 ℃, is difficult for germinateing lower than 15 ℃; 2. Seedling Stage: be exposed to the first flower from true leaf and budding.Growth of seedling thermophilic 25-30 ℃ on daytime, night temperature 20-25 ℃, soil temperature is 17-22 ℃; 3. yield positive results the phase: from first the flower budding to first the fruit setting be the early flowering season, daytime 20-25 ℃, 16-20 ℃ of night is favourable; 4. work as temperature and surpass 40 ℃, growth almost stops.
2, illumination: ask medium intensity of illumination, 40,000 5 left and right, lux.Undergrowth under the high light direct projection, and sun burn easily occurs.General warm season vegetable, photosynthetic light saturation point, mostly in 50,000 left and right, lux.
3, moisture content: water requirement is not too high, but root mass is undeveloped, does not often keep ground moistening, is difficult to obtain high yield.Capsicum waterflooding a few hours, plant will cause death.
4, soil: high and dry in physical features, draining is good, well-grown in fertile deep soil.General sandy soil, clay also can be cultivated, but should not be planted on the soil of low-lying ponding.Avoid and the solanaceous crops continuous cropping.
5, fertilizer: vegetative period is long, strict to the nutritional condition of soil, plants on the soil of medium above fertility, can high yield, and with heavy dressing base manure, successful in early days topdresses.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of high temperature resistant, antiviral, growth potential is strong, in result set, thick, the cold-resistant capsicum variety of fruit pork, can increase the method for the capsicum overwintering cultivation field management of output; The commercial grade that can not only improve, be beneficial to diseases prevention, is beneficial to product and goes on the market continuously, and can avoid fallen flowers, shedding and the fallen leaves of capsicum, greatly improved the local economy benefit.
Technical scheme of the present invention is being:
The method of this capsicum overwintering cultivation field management consists of following steps:
1. temperature treatment: after field planting, close the canopy temperature raising, daytime, Wen Yi was controlled at 26 ℃~30 ℃, and night, temperature was 18 ℃~20 ℃, can delay seedling in general 6~7 days; After slow seedling, be controlled at 25 ℃ of left and right daytime, 15 ℃ of nights--18 ℃.Enter the phase of yielding positive results, should carry out the temperature adjustment work that adds lustre to, straw mat is early taken off late lid before November to early December, reaches 25 ℃ of temperature in daytime " 27 ℃, night, temperature was 15 ℃~17 ℃, and the temperature difference of 10 ℃ of left and right is comparatively desirable sometimes; Be cold season January in December to next year, this phase should be carried out anti-low temperature cold current work, suitably takes off dawn and the drought lid; In the next spring, ambient temperature raises, should note ventilating prevent that high temperature from burning and hot conditions under cause excessive growth to cause fruit drop.With turning of weather, ventilation to be strengthened gradually, straw mat can be do not covered to the open country setting date; When the extraneous minimum air temperature is stable, be more than 5 ℃, open footing film poison and ventilate round the clock;
2. illumination management: after entering December, along with ambient light according to the time shortening heard. intensity of illumination dies down, and after the person of having ready conditions, wall can be hanged up Reflecting curtain and improves illumination in canopy; Often the clean booth film, to increase light transmittance, clears up after sombre day continuously suddenly, can not be eager to take off to cover with mat, and answer gradation to throw off gradually straw mat, wilts if occur, should return and cover management with mat, until plant recovers normal.After long zero joint cultivation May, for preventing that height from covering with mat and high light endangers, can on frame, cover a sunshade net;
3. water and fertilizer management: after the slow seedling of field planting, in greenhouse, temperature is lower, and evaporation discharge is little, should water less as far as possible; If early dry, water and should carry out the morning at fine day, water the tight plastic film of rear button, improve ground temperature, ventilate to afternoon, discharges moisture, reduces air humidity.If season severe winter occurs lack of water, should water little water, can not broad irrigation; Before the first fruit sits, do not water, in order to avoid plant excessive growth causes fruit drop, in the next spring, the external world is gradually warm, should increase and water as far as possible.After the first fruit sits, in conjunction with watering, chase after composite fertilizer, execute 10~15 kilograms for every 667 square metres.In January, do not water and do not topdress yet December to next year.After the next spring, every 15~20 days, chase after 1 time fertilizer, execute 20 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers, water immediately after topdressing for each every 667 square metres;
4. diseases and pests controlling: capsicum attention control virus disease, shot hole, bacterial wilt, anthracnose, yellow tea mite, cotton bollworm and oriental tobacco budworm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
This invention is to provide that a kind of high temperature resistant, antiviral, growth potential is strong, in result set, thick, the cold-resistant capsicum variety of fruit pork, can increase the method for the capsicum overwintering cultivation field management of output; The commercial grade that can not only improve, be beneficial to diseases prevention, is beneficial to product and goes on the market continuously, and can avoid fallen flowers, shedding and the fallen leaves of capsicum, greatly improved the local economy benefit.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
The method of this capsicum overwintering cultivation field management consists of following steps:
1. temperature treatment: after field planting, close the canopy temperature raising, daytime, Wen Yi was controlled at 26 ℃~30 ℃, and night, temperature was 18 ℃~20 ℃, can delay seedling in general 6~7 days; After slow seedling, be controlled at 25 ℃ of left and right daytime, 15 ℃ of nights--18 ℃.Enter the phase of yielding positive results, should carry out the temperature adjustment work that adds lustre to, straw mat is early taken off late lid before November to early December, reaches 25 ℃ of temperature in daytime " 27 ℃, night, temperature was 15 ℃~17 ℃, and the temperature difference of 10 ℃ of left and right is comparatively desirable sometimes; Be cold season January in December to next year, this phase should be carried out anti-low temperature cold current work, suitably takes off dawn and the drought lid; In the next spring, ambient temperature raises, should note ventilating prevent that high temperature from burning and hot conditions under cause excessive growth to cause fruit drop.With turning of weather, ventilation to be strengthened gradually, straw mat can be do not covered to the open country setting date; When the extraneous minimum air temperature is stable, be more than 5 ℃, open footing film poison and ventilate round the clock;
2. illumination management: after entering December, along with ambient light according to the time shortening heard. intensity of illumination dies down, and after the person of having ready conditions, wall can be hanged up Reflecting curtain and improves illumination in canopy; Often the clean booth film, to increase light transmittance, clears up after sombre day continuously suddenly, can not be eager to take off to cover with mat, and answer gradation to throw off gradually straw mat, wilts if occur, should return and cover management with mat, until plant recovers normal.After long zero joint cultivation May, for preventing that height from covering with mat and high light endangers, can on frame, cover a sunshade net;
3. water and fertilizer management: after the slow seedling of field planting, in greenhouse, temperature is lower, and evaporation discharge is little, should water less as far as possible; If early dry, water and should carry out the morning at fine day, water the tight plastic film of rear button, improve ground temperature, ventilate to afternoon, discharges moisture, reduces air humidity.If season severe winter occurs lack of water, should water little water, can not broad irrigation; Before the first fruit sits, do not water, in order to avoid plant excessive growth causes fruit drop, in the next spring, the external world is gradually warm, should increase and water as far as possible.After the first fruit sits, in conjunction with watering, chase after composite fertilizer, execute 10~15 kilograms for every 667 square metres.In January, do not water and do not topdress yet December to next year.After the next spring, every 15~20 days, chase after 1 time fertilizer, execute 20 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers, water immediately after topdressing for each every 667 square metres;
4. diseases and pests controlling: capsicum attention control virus disease, shot hole, bacterial wilt, anthracnose, yellow tea mite, cotton bollworm and oriental tobacco budworm.
Claims (1)
1. the method for capsicum overwintering cultivation field management, its feature consists of following steps:
1. temperature treatment: after field planting, close the canopy temperature raising, daytime, Wen Yi was controlled at 26 ℃~30 ℃, and night, temperature was 18 ℃~20 ℃, can delay seedling in general 6~7 days; After slow seedling, be controlled at 25 ℃ of left and right daytime, 15 ℃ of nights--18 ℃.Enter the phase of yielding positive results, should carry out the temperature adjustment work that adds lustre to, straw mat is early taken off late lid before November to early December, reaches 25 ℃ of temperature in daytime " 27 ℃, night, temperature was 15 ℃~17 ℃, and the temperature difference of 10 ℃ of left and right is comparatively desirable sometimes; Be cold season January in December to next year, this phase should be carried out anti-low temperature cold current work, suitably takes off dawn and the drought lid; In the next spring, ambient temperature raises, should note ventilating prevent that high temperature from burning and hot conditions under cause excessive growth to cause fruit drop.With turning of weather, ventilation to be strengthened gradually, straw mat can be do not covered to the open country setting date; When the extraneous minimum air temperature is stable, be more than 5 ℃, open footing film poison and ventilate round the clock;
2. illumination management: after entering December, along with ambient light according to the time shortening heard. intensity of illumination dies down, and after the person of having ready conditions, wall can be hanged up Reflecting curtain and improves illumination in canopy; Often the clean booth film, to increase light transmittance, clears up after sombre day continuously suddenly, can not be eager to take off to cover with mat, and answer gradation to throw off gradually straw mat, wilts if occur, should return and cover management with mat, until plant recovers normal.After long zero joint cultivation May, for preventing that height from covering with mat and high light endangers, can on frame, cover a sunshade net;
3. water and fertilizer management: after the slow seedling of field planting, in greenhouse, temperature is lower, and evaporation discharge is little, should water less as far as possible; If early dry, water and should carry out the morning at fine day, water the tight plastic film of rear button, improve ground temperature, ventilate to afternoon, discharges moisture, reduces air humidity.If season severe winter occurs lack of water, should water little water, can not broad irrigation; Before the first fruit sits, do not water, in order to avoid plant excessive growth causes fruit drop, in the next spring, the external world is gradually warm, should increase and water as far as possible.After the first fruit sits, in conjunction with watering, chase after composite fertilizer, execute 10~15 kilograms for every 667 square metres.In January, do not water and do not topdress yet December to next year.After the next spring, every 15~20 days, chase after 1 time fertilizer, execute 20 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers, water immediately after topdressing for each every 667 square metres;
4. diseases and pests controlling: capsicum attention control virus disease, shot hole, bacterial wilt, anthracnose, yellow tea mite, cotton bollworm and oriental tobacco budworm.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104871767A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-09-02 | 忻城县高龙农业开发有限责任公司 | Cultivation method for high yield of pimento |
CN106342525A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 韦妈情 | Pepper planting method |
CN111226774A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-05 | 赤峰和润农业高新科技产业开发有限公司 | Pepper cultivation method for solar greenhouse in northern cold area |
CN111466263A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-31 | 定兴县农业农村局 | Grafting seedling method for pepper cultivation in sunlight greenhouse |
-
2013
- 2013-05-17 CN CN2013101853685A patent/CN103404321A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104871767A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-09-02 | 忻城县高龙农业开发有限责任公司 | Cultivation method for high yield of pimento |
CN106342525A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 韦妈情 | Pepper planting method |
CN111226774A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-05 | 赤峰和润农业高新科技产业开发有限公司 | Pepper cultivation method for solar greenhouse in northern cold area |
CN111466263A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-31 | 定兴县农业农村局 | Grafting seedling method for pepper cultivation in sunlight greenhouse |
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Application publication date: 20131127 |