CN103385075A - Pepper spring advanced cultivation field management method - Google Patents
Pepper spring advanced cultivation field management method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103385075A CN103385075A CN2013101853967A CN201310185396A CN103385075A CN 103385075 A CN103385075 A CN 103385075A CN 2013101853967 A CN2013101853967 A CN 2013101853967A CN 201310185396 A CN201310185396 A CN 201310185396A CN 103385075 A CN103385075 A CN 103385075A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pepper spring advanced cultivation field management method, comprising the following steps of (1) temperature adjustment: after field planting, plastic films tightly cover a greenhouse, and grass felts additionally cover the greenhouse at night; (2) watering and intertillage: after field planting and seedling survival, seedlings are water once more according to the soil moisture content, namely, the hardening of seedlings is carried out, and the intertillage is carried out for three times during hardening the seedlings; (3) topdressing: after field planting and before blooming, if the soil is lack of fertilizer, topdressing is carried out once, 10kg of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer or urea are applied in every 667 square meters; (4) pruning and support erection: when first grown pepper is borne steadily, branches and lower lateral branches are all removed in time, the nutrition of main branches is prevented from being seized, and the development of fruits is not influenced; (5) growth regulator application: in the initial stage of blooming, a growth regulator is applied in order to prevent flower dropping and increase the fruit setting rate; (6) harvesting: the price of spring advanced pepper is higher in the early period, and the pepper can be sold in time when the market price is higher according to the growing condition of the fruits. The pepper spring advanced cultivation field management method is high-temperature-resistant, virus-resistant, strong in growth vigor, centralized in fruiting, and capable of fruiting a pepper variety with big fruits, thick pulp and more frigostabile property and increasing yield, the commodity grade can be improved, disease prevention is facilitated, the continuous selling of products is facilitated, the flower, fruit and leaf dropping of pepper is avoided, and the local economic benefit is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation method of a kind of capsicum, especially a kind of capsicum spring is cultivated the method for field management in advance.
Background technology
Capsicum, also claim kind peppery, the peppery or green pepper eggplant in sea, in originating in, Nan Meizhou, stem is upright, single leaf alternate, and artificial cultivation is all therophytes, can be divided into cherry green pepper class, circular cone green pepper class, the green pepper class of clustering, long green pepper class, bell pepper class five classes, when trunk diameter growth 8-10 sheet leaf, give birth to first flower, wider than tomato, eggplant to the requirement of temperature, humidity.
(1) characteristic
1, the capsicum main root is undeveloped, and the root amount is few, and root mass is distributed in the topsoil of 10-15 centimetre mostly, and its root system is neither drought-enduring, and is not waterlogging-resistant again.A little less than root regeneration energy force rate tomato, eggplant.Not anti-dense fertilizer.
2, generally when stem grows to 7-15 sheet leaf, the stem end forms bud, with two wooden forks or three wooden fork branch continued growths.In general, though same kind, the plantation in autumn, the number of blade during branching is fewer than the spring, generally at the 8-9 sheet.
3, high temperature and drought brings out the generation of virus disease and spreads, and high temperature and rainy also often has virus disease popular.
4, the fallen flowers of capsicum, shedding and fallen leaves (common name " three fall ") also often easily occur, and this is a major issue on capsicum produces, and is very large to yield effect.The reason more complicated of " three fall ".Early spring fallen flowers be mainly due to low temperature effect the elongation of pollination and pollen tube cause; Soil and air drought are also the reasons that causes fallen flowers; Nitrogenous fertilizer too much or the factors such as deficiency, branches and leaves excessive growth, illumination deficiency directly affect to nourish and grow and cause fallen flowers with the balance of reproductive growth; High temperature and drought causes that the generation of virus disease or high temperature waterlogging caused by excessive rain make that the Root Absorption ability weakens, the plant disorder, also have damage by disease and insect (anthracnose, ring spot, cotton bollworm, noctuid) etc., causes a large amount of " three fall ".
(2) to the requirement of environmental condition
1, temperature: germination period: flattening, true leaf appear from the seed germination to the cotyledon.The germination thermophilic is 25-30 ℃, lower than 15 ℃, is difficult for germinateing; 2. Seedling Stage: be exposed to the first flower from true leaf and budding.Growth of seedling thermophilic 25-30 ℃ on daytime, night temperature 20-25 ℃, soil temperature is 17-22 ℃; 3. yield positive results the phase: from first the flower budding to first the fruit setting be the early flowering season, daytime 20-25 ℃, 16-20 ℃ of night is favourable; 4. work as temperature and surpass 40 ℃, growth almost stops.
2, illumination: ask medium intensity of illumination, 40,000 5 left and right, lux.Undergrowth under the high light direct projection, and sun burn easily occurs.General warm season vegetable, photosynthetic light saturation point, mostly in 50,000 left and right, lux.
3, moisture content: water requirement is not too high, but root mass is undeveloped, does not often keep ground moistening, is difficult to obtain high yield.Capsicum waterflooding a few hours, plant will cause death.
4, soil: high and dry in physical features, draining is good, well-grown in fertile deep soil.General sandy soil, clay also can be cultivated, but should not be planted on the soil of low-lying ponding.Avoid and the solanaceous crops continuous cropping.
5, fertilizer: vegetative period is long, and is strict to the nutritional condition of soil, plants on the soil of medium above fertility, can high yield, and with heavy dressing base manure, successful in early days topdresses.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of high temperature resistant, antiviral, growth potential is strong, in result set, thick, the cold-resistant capsicum variety of fruit pork, capsicum spring that can increase output cultivate the method for field management in advance; The commercial grade that can not only improve, be beneficial to diseases prevention, is beneficial to product and goes on the market continuously, and can avoid fallen flowers, shedding and the fallen leaves of capsicum, greatly improved the local economy benefit.
Technical scheme of the present invention is being:
This capsicum spring is cultivated the method for field management in advance, following steps, consists of:
1. adjustment: after field planting, the canopy chamber is covered with plastic film tightly, adds a cover straw mat night; Day temperature is controlled at 25 ℃～30 ℃, 18 ℃～20 ℃ of nights.After 5～7 days slow seedlings, suitably ventilate, day temperature is controlled at 23 ℃～28 ℃, 15 ℃～18 ℃ of nights; Yield positive results and keep 25 ℃～28C daytime phase, 18 ℃～20 ℃ of nights; Night, temperature can not be lower than 15 ℃, in case cause fertilization bad because of low temperature;
The middle and late growth stage,, along with outside air temperature raises, should strengthen ventilation gradually, prevents the high temperature plant of burning; When extraneous daytime temperature is stabilized in about 25C, more than 15 ℃ the time, can ventilate round the clock night, progressively removes straw mat, plastic film, but May the early and middle ten days complete removal;
2. water and intertill: after the slow seedling of field planting, according to soil moisture content, can water again water 1 time, namely start restraining the growth of seedlings; Should intertill during restraining the growth of seedlings 3 times, intertillage for the first time should be shallow, for the second time should be dark, for the third time should be shallow, and earth up in conjunction with intertillage.The capsicum root system a little less than, restraining the growth of seedlings is unsuitable excessively, waters less during restraining the growth of seedlings, if soil drought can water little water 1 time as far as possible; After green pepper sits, start to water and topdress in a large number, the phase of yielding positive results should keep ground moistening ,～as watered 1 time water in 5～7 days;
3. topdress: after field planting, before blooming,, as the soil fertilizer deficiency, can chase after fertilizer 1 time, execute 10 kilograms, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer or urea for every 667 square metres; After the door green pepper sits, chase after fertilizer for the second time, execute 20 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers for every 667 square metres.After this chase after 1 time fertilizer every 15～20 days, execute 20 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers for each every 667 square metres.Water immediately after topdressing;
4. the built of pruning: after the door green pepper sits, in time the side shoot below fraction is all extractd,, in order to avoid capture major branch nutrition, affected fruit development; The growth later stage, when branches and leaves are overstocked, can in time extract the dead leaf, Lao Ye, Huang Ye of bottom in batches and pluck after fruit branch, be beneficial to ventilation and penetrating light, improve fruit-setting rate; The plant strain growth of protection ground cultivation is vigorous, and plant is tall and big, meets wind and rain and easily lodges, and the lodging-prevention of in time taking measures, can or set up support at every row plant both sides bracing wire, with several skeleton branch bondages on iron wire or support;
5. apply growth regulator: come into bloom,, for preventing fallen flowers, improve fruit-setting rate, available 20 ... the drop-proof agent of 30 mg/litre dips in flower;
6. gather: to do sth. in advance the early stage price of capsicum higher due to the spring, at once goes on the market in the time of can selecting the market price higher according to the fruit growth situation, and Men Jiaoyi early adopts, in order to avoid the pendant seedling.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
This invention is to provide that a kind of high temperature resistant, antiviral, growth potential is strong, in result set, thick, the cold-resistant capsicum variety of fruit pork, capsicum spring that can increase output cultivate the method for field management in advance; The commercial grade that can not only improve, be beneficial to diseases prevention, is beneficial to product and goes on the market continuously, and can avoid fallen flowers, shedding and the fallen leaves of capsicum, greatly improved the local economy benefit.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
This capsicum spring is cultivated the method for field management in advance, following steps, consists of:
1. adjustment: after field planting, the canopy chamber is covered with plastic film tightly, adds a cover straw mat night; Day temperature is controlled at 25 ℃～30 ℃, 18 ℃～20 ℃ of nights.After 5～7 days slow seedlings, suitably ventilate, day temperature is controlled at 23 ℃～28 ℃, 15 ℃～18 ℃ of nights; Yield positive results and keep 25 ℃～28C daytime phase, 18 ℃～20 ℃ of nights; Night, temperature can not be lower than 15 ℃, in case cause fertilization bad because of low temperature;
The middle and late growth stage,, along with outside air temperature raises, should strengthen ventilation gradually, prevents the high temperature plant of burning; When extraneous daytime temperature is stabilized in about 25C, more than 15 ℃ the time, can ventilate round the clock night, progressively removes straw mat, plastic film, but May the early and middle ten days complete removal;
2. water and intertill: after the slow seedling of field planting, according to soil moisture content, can water again water 1 time, namely start restraining the growth of seedlings; Should intertill during restraining the growth of seedlings 3 times, intertillage for the first time should be shallow, for the second time should be dark, for the third time should be shallow, and earth up in conjunction with intertillage.The capsicum root system a little less than, restraining the growth of seedlings is unsuitable excessively, waters less during restraining the growth of seedlings, if soil drought can water little water 1 time as far as possible; After green pepper sits, start to water and topdress in a large number, the phase of yielding positive results should keep ground moistening ,～as watered 1 time water in 5～7 days;
3. topdress: after field planting, before blooming,, as the soil fertilizer deficiency, can chase after fertilizer 1 time, execute 10 kilograms, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer or urea for every 667 square metres; After the door green pepper sits, chase after fertilizer for the second time, execute 20 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers for every 667 square metres.After this chase after 1 time fertilizer every 15～20 days, execute 20 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers for each every 667 square metres.Water immediately after topdressing;
4. the built of pruning: after the door green pepper sits, in time the side shoot below fraction is all extractd,, in order to avoid capture major branch nutrition, affected fruit development; The growth later stage, when branches and leaves are overstocked, can in time extract the dead leaf, Lao Ye, Huang Ye of bottom in batches and pluck after fruit branch, be beneficial to ventilation and penetrating light, improve fruit-setting rate; The plant strain growth of protection ground cultivation is vigorous, and plant is tall and big, meets wind and rain and easily lodges, and the lodging-prevention of in time taking measures, can or set up support at every row plant both sides bracing wire, with several skeleton branch bondages on iron wire or support;
5. apply growth regulator: come into bloom,, for preventing fallen flowers, improve fruit-setting rate, the drop-proof agent of available 20-30 mg/litre dips in flower;
6. gather: to do sth. in advance the early stage price of capsicum higher due to the spring, at once goes on the market in the time of can selecting the market price higher according to the fruit growth situation, and Men Jiaoyi early adopts, in order to avoid the pendant seedling.
Claims (1)
1. capsicum spring is cultivated the method for field management in advance, and its feature consists of following steps:
1. adjustment: after field planting, the canopy chamber is covered with plastic film tightly, adds a cover straw mat night; Day temperature is controlled at 25 ℃～30 ℃, 18 ℃～20 ℃ of nights.After 5～7 days slow seedlings, suitably ventilate, day temperature is controlled at 23 ℃～28 ℃, 15 ℃～18 ℃ of nights; Yield positive results and keep 25 ℃～28C daytime phase, 18 ℃～20 ℃ of nights; Night, temperature can not be lower than 15 ℃, in case cause fertilization bad because of low temperature;
The middle and late growth stage,, along with outside air temperature raises, should strengthen ventilation gradually, prevents the high temperature plant of burning; When extraneous daytime temperature is stabilized in about 25C, more than 15 ℃ the time, can ventilate round the clock night, progressively removes straw mat, plastic film, but May the early and middle ten days complete removal;
2. water and intertill: after the slow seedling of field planting, according to soil moisture content, can water again water 1 time, namely start restraining the growth of seedlings; Should intertill during restraining the growth of seedlings 3 times, intertillage for the first time should be shallow, for the second time should be dark, for the third time should be shallow, and earth up in conjunction with intertillage.The capsicum root system a little less than, restraining the growth of seedlings is unsuitable excessively, waters less during restraining the growth of seedlings, if soil drought can water little water 1 time as far as possible; After green pepper sits, start to water and topdress in a large number, the phase of yielding positive results should keep ground moistening ,～as watered 1 time water in 5～7 days;
3. topdress: after field planting, before blooming,, as the soil fertilizer deficiency, can chase after fertilizer 1 time, execute 10 kilograms, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer or urea for every 667 square metres; After the door green pepper sits, chase after fertilizer for the second time, execute 20 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers for every 667 square metres.After this chase after 1 time fertilizer every 15～20 days, execute 20 kilograms of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers for each every 667 square metres.Water immediately after topdressing;
4. the built of pruning: after the door green pepper sits, in time the side shoot below fraction is all extractd,, in order to avoid capture major branch nutrition, affected fruit development; The growth later stage, when branches and leaves are overstocked, can in time extract the dead leaf, Lao Ye, Huang Ye of bottom in batches and pluck after fruit branch, be beneficial to ventilation and penetrating light, improve fruit-setting rate; The plant strain growth of protection ground cultivation is vigorous, and plant is tall and big, meets wind and rain and easily lodges, and the lodging-prevention of in time taking measures, can or set up support at every row plant both sides bracing wire, with several skeleton branch bondages on iron wire or support;
5. apply growth regulator: come into bloom,, for preventing fallen flowers, improve fruit-setting rate, the drop-proof agent of available 20---30 mg/litre dips in flower;
6. gather: to do sth. in advance the early stage price of capsicum higher due to the spring, at once goes on the market in the time of can selecting the market price higher according to the fruit growth situation, and Men Jiaoyi early adopts, in order to avoid the pendant seedling.
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| CN2013101853967A CN103385075A (en) | 2013-05-17 | 2013-05-17 | Pepper spring advanced cultivation field management method |
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| CN2013101853967A CN103385075A (en) | 2013-05-17 | 2013-05-17 | Pepper spring advanced cultivation field management method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104620808A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2015-05-20 | 湖南省蔬菜研究所 | Chili cultivation method of planting chilies in one crop and harvesting chilies in three seasons |
| CN106538160A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-29 | 凉山永兴生态农林科技有限公司 | Red pepper high-yield planting technology |
| CN109169033A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-01-11 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of cultural method resistant to lodging of fruit capsicum |
| CN111657076A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-09-15 | 宿迁市设施园艺研究院 | Water and fertilizer integration technology for burying greenhouse vegetable non-film-coated drip irrigation tape into soil |
| CN115067164A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-09-20 | 云南省农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Cultivation pruning method for increasing yield of dried peppers in low-latitude plateau area |
-
2013
- 2013-05-17 CN CN2013101853967A patent/CN103385075A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104620808A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2015-05-20 | 湖南省蔬菜研究所 | Chili cultivation method of planting chilies in one crop and harvesting chilies in three seasons |
| CN106538160A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-29 | 凉山永兴生态农林科技有限公司 | Red pepper high-yield planting technology |
| CN109169033A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-01-11 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of cultural method resistant to lodging of fruit capsicum |
| CN111657076A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-09-15 | 宿迁市设施园艺研究院 | Water and fertilizer integration technology for burying greenhouse vegetable non-film-coated drip irrigation tape into soil |
| CN115067164A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-09-20 | 云南省农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Cultivation pruning method for increasing yield of dried peppers in low-latitude plateau area |
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Application publication date: 20131113 |