CN103399357B - The forecasting procedure of tunnel geology and system - Google Patents
The forecasting procedure of tunnel geology and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103399357B CN103399357B CN201310332700.6A CN201310332700A CN103399357B CN 103399357 B CN103399357 B CN 103399357B CN 201310332700 A CN201310332700 A CN 201310332700A CN 103399357 B CN103399357 B CN 103399357B
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Abstract
The invention discloses forecasting procedure and the system of a kind of tunnel geology.Wherein, the method includes: the geological condition in exploration tunnel perimeter region；According to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter region, the geology in tunnel is carried out seismic reflection method exploration；Geologic prediction is carried out according to the result that above-mentioned seismic reflection method surveys.According to the present invention, solve single mode tunnel geology investigation method cannot the geological condition in accurate forecast tunnel, cause constructing tunnel to there is the problem of potential safety hazard, improve the practicality of forecast.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to constructing tunnel field, pre-in particular to a kind of tunnel geology
Reporting method and system.
Background technology
In method for tunnel construction, advance geologic prediction is on the basis of Tunnel Design, for protecting
Demonstrate,prove safety for tunnel engineering, instruct tunnel construction, raising tunnel construction quality to open
The tunnel unfavorable geology of exhibition and the work of construction geology disaster advanced prediction.Meanwhile, for difference
Geographical environment, the method for the advance geologic prediction used by constructing tunnel is the most different.Such as,
In the area that there is underground river, when wearing underground river under needs and carrying out constructing tunnel, must carry out advanced
Geologic prediction, to detect front of tunnel heading it may happen that the situation of water fathering such that it is able to refer to
Lead constructing tunnel correct decisions, it is to avoid the generation of construction geology disaster.
But, in correlation technique, the exploration mode of tunnel geology situation is more single, it is impossible to
The geological condition in accurate forecast tunnel, causes constructing tunnel to there is potential safety hazard；For this peace
The problem of full hidden danger, the most not yet proposes effective solution.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide forecasting procedure and the system of a kind of tunnel geology, in order to
Solve the problems referred to above.
According to an aspect of the present invention, it is provided that the forecasting procedure of a kind of tunnel geology, including:
The geological condition in exploration tunnel perimeter region；According to the geological condition in more tunnel perimeter region,
The geology in tunnel is carried out seismic reflection method exploration；Knot according to seismic reflection method exploration
Fruit carries out geologic prediction.
Preferably, the above-mentioned geological condition according to tunnel perimeter region, enters the geology in tunnel
The exploration of row seismic reflection method includes: according to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter region, choose big gun
Eye position, angle of aspect and tuning angle；According to the borehole position chosen, angle of aspect and tuning angle
Carry out seismic reflection method exploration.
Preferably, the above-mentioned result according to seismic reflection method exploration carries out geologic prediction and includes:
Following location prediction in the result survey seismic reflection method is suspicious geology section: can make
Become the 50m that caves in3Above fault belt position；Can cause retention of excessive fluid speed is 50m3/h
Above rich water position；The unfavorable geologic body position of prominent mud gushing water.
Preferably, the above-mentioned result according to seismic reflection method exploration carries out geologic prediction and includes:
At least there is situations below for the moment when the result surveyed according to seismic reflection method determines, enter
Row geological disaster nowcasting: above-mentioned suspicious geology section exists water fathering；Above-mentioned suspicious geology
There is landslide in section；There is prominent mud gushing water in above-mentioned suspicious geology section；Above-mentioned suspicious geology section exists
Rock burst；There is Gas Outburst in suspicious geology section.
According to a further aspect in the invention, it is provided that the forecast system of a kind of tunnel geology, bag
Include: the first search equipment, for surveying the geological condition in tunnel perimeter region；Tunnel earthquake
Search equipment, for the geological condition in the tunnel perimeter region according to the first search equipment exploration,
The geology in tunnel is carried out seismic reflection method exploration；Geologic prediction equipment, for according to tunnel
The exploration result of road seismic survey apparatus carries out geologic prediction.
Preferably, above-mentioned geologic prediction equipment includes: suspicious geology section forecast module, is used for
Following location prediction in the result survey tunnel seismic survey apparatus is suspicious geology section:
The 50m that caves in can be caused3Above fault belt position；The retention of excessive fluid speed can be caused to be
50m3The rich water position of/more than h；The unfavorable geologic body position of prominent mud gushing water.
Preferably, above-mentioned geologic prediction equipment includes: damage forecasting judge module, for root
Judge whether at least to exist one of situations below according to the exploration result of tunnel seismic survey apparatus:
There is water fathering in above-mentioned suspicious geology section；There is landslide in above-mentioned suspicious geology section；Above-mentioned suspicious
There is prominent mud gushing water in geology section；There is rock burst in above-mentioned suspicious geology section；Above-mentioned suspicious geology section
There is Gas Outburst；Damage forecasting module, ties for the judgement when damage forecasting judge module
When fruit is for being, carry out geological disaster nowcasting.
The present invention, according to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter region, uses seismic reflection method to carry out
Exploration, obtains survey data.Because this seismic reflection method combines the ground in tunnel perimeter region
Matter situation, the Reliability comparotive of the survey data obtained is strong, the geology carried out based on these data
Forecast is relatively more accurate, and then the tunnel geology investigation method solving single mode cannot be accurate
The geological condition in forecast tunnel, causes constructing tunnel to there is the problem of potential safety hazard, improves
The practicality of forecast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing of the part constituting the application is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention,
The schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, is not intended that this
Bright improper restriction.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the forecasting procedure flow chart of tunnel geology according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the forecast system structured flowchart of tunnel geology according to embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to accompanying drawing and describe the present invention in detail in conjunction with the embodiments.Need explanation
, in the case of not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can
To be mutually combined.
In order to optimize the prospecting technique of tunnel geology, obtain surveying the most accurately result, enter
And be that constructing tunnel provides reliable data, promoting the safety of constructing tunnel, the present invention is real
Execute example and provide forecasting procedure and the system of a kind of tunnel geology.
The forecasting procedure flow chart of tunnel geology as shown in Figure 1, the method includes following step
Rapid:
Step S102, the geological condition in exploration tunnel perimeter region；
Wherein, the geological condition in tunnel perimeter region can be obtained by geologic survey method, should
The size in tunnel perimeter region can be chosen according to practical situation, and the embodiment of the present invention is not done to be had
Body limits；
Step S104, according to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter region, is carried out the geology in tunnel
Seismic reflection method surveys；
Step S106, carries out geologic prediction according to the result that above-mentioned seismic reflection method surveys.
The said method of the embodiment of the present invention, according to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter region, uses
Seismic reflection method surveys, and obtains survey data.Because this seismic reflection method combines
The geological condition in tunnel perimeter region, the Reliability comparotive of the survey data obtained is strong, based on
The geologic prediction that these data are carried out is relatively more accurate, and then solves the tunnel geology of single mode
Investigation method cannot the geological condition in accurate forecast tunnel, cause constructing tunnel to there is safety the most hidden
The problem suffered from, improves the practicality of forecast.
In order to promote the precision of seismic reflection method exploration, above-mentioned according to tunnel perimeter region
Geological condition, the geology in tunnel carries out seismic reflection method exploration can also be included: according to
The geological condition in tunnel perimeter region, chooses borehole position, angle of aspect and tuning angle；According to
Borehole position, angle of aspect and the tuning angle chosen carry out seismic reflection method exploration.
In order to strengthen the safety of subsequent construction, above-mentioned steps S106 may include that ground
Following location prediction in the result of seismic wave bounce technique exploration is suspicious geology section: can cause and collapse
Collapse 50m3Above fault belt position；Can cause retention of excessive fluid speed is 50m3/ h with
On rich water position；The unfavorable geologic body position of prominent mud gushing water.
In view of the safety issue of construction, in the embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned forecast can be wrapped
Include: at least there is situations below for the moment when the result surveyed according to seismic reflection method determines,
Carry out geological disaster nowcasting:
1) there is water fathering in above-mentioned suspicious geology section；
2) there is landslide in above-mentioned suspicious geology section；
3) there is prominent mud gushing water in above-mentioned suspicious geology section；
4) there is rock burst in above-mentioned suspicious geology section；
5) there is Gas Outburst in above-mentioned suspicious geology section.
As can be seen here, the geologic prediction method in the above embodiment of the present invention, with tunnel perimeter
Based on the geological condition (e.g., use geologic survey method) in region, in conjunction with seismic reflection
Method exploration carries out Synthetic Geological Prediction Ahead of Construction.When implementing said method, can use ground
The mode that matter investigation+geophysical prospecting (TSP203) combines is carried out.
In view of the complexity of Xia Chuan underground river, tunnel geology, below as a example by tunnel, underground river, say
The bright detailed process realizing above-mentioned geologic prediction:
The first step: the geological conditions disclosed according to tunnel tunnel face excavation and the detection feelings in big gun hole
Condition, carries out mapping, geology mapping, and is analyzed, to determine underground river face
Trend and the trend of front of tunnel heading fault belt；
This step is macroscopical prediction, i.e. before instrument detects, can tentatively be slapped by this step
Having held the main unfavorable geology about situation of construction tunnel, follow-up instrument detection is simply played
Checking and the effect of precision.This step can be analyzed the result obtained and include: the hole in tunnel
The character of main unfavorable geology, the origin cause of formation and the type of body, particularly can cause construction geology
The genetic type of the main unfavorable geology of disaster；The main unfavorable geology of barrel in tunnel grows spy
Levy, particularly development degree；The about position of the main unfavorable geology of barrel in tunnel；Tunnel
Barrel main unfavorable geology space distribution rule, be particularly distributed orientative feature；Tunnel
Barrel main construction geology disaster, particularly construction geology disaster and the pass of main unfavorable geology
System.
Second step: according to the analysis result of the above-mentioned first step, determines bore position, uses ground
Seismic wave bounce technique carries out distance detection, bad to forecast many water that construction can run into or rich water
The position of geologic body and scale, the Grades of Surrounding Rock of forecast tunnel section, verify rock stratum contact surface
Long-pending band and larger Karst Features, the integrity of forecast rock mass and karst and subsoil water
Developmental state, there is the probability of water fathering in forecast；The distance of distance detection is face
Front 100-150m；
The available result of this step includes: it is disconnected that the general constructing tunnel that forecasts with unerring accuracy runs into
Layer crushed zone etc. causes position and the scale of the unfavorable geologic body caving in or caving in；Typically can not
Omission can cause the 50m that caves in3Above unfavorable geologic body；Accurately forecast that general tunnel is executed
Solution cavity that fault crevice water that work runs into, Karst Tunnel run into, underground river, karst mud band and
The old kiln that gas tunnel is likely encountered, old Kong or other many water or the position of rich water unfavorable geologic body
Put and scale；Typically can not omit and can cause big retention of excessive fluid (50m3/ more than h), mud of even dashing forward
The unfavorable geologic body of gushing water；Accurately forecast the Grades of Surrounding Rock (error is less than half grade) of section；
And can forecast qualitatively the main unfavorable geology of section cave in, the construction geology such as prominent mud gushing water
The probability of disaster.
Additionally, the seismic reflection method in this step can use tunnel seismic survey instrument (Tunnel
Seismic Prediction, TSP) detection；And the method determining bore position is:
The side tunnel side wall first seeing main unfavorable geology lays borehole boring；Away from last
Lay sensor sleeve boring at individual borehole 15-20m, and sensor sleeve is holed along tunnel
Road two wall is arranged symmetrically with.
Wherein, in TSP detection process, the determination of bore position directly affects result of detection
Accuracy.Use the determination method of above-mentioned preferred bore position, result anticipation can be improved
Accuracy.
3rd step: according to result of detection and the face borehole water fathering of seismic reflection method
Situation, launches monitoring, calculates water yield and retention of excessive fluid hydraulic pressure simultaneously water fathering in hole.
Water yield and retention of excessive fluid hydraulic pressure is had determined that by this step.Thus during construction, can root
According to this situation, carry out later stage preventive measure, such as: according to this step calculate water yield with gush
Water hydraulic pressure, in tunnel it may happen that extensive (high pressure) gush (dash forward) water, mud of dashing forward can
Karst area carries out front pre-grouting.
The method of concrete front pre-grouting can be in the following ways: in distance forecast gushing water position
Put and at 5-10m, beat injected hole, and injected hole excavates direction with center, tunnel from face edge
Arrange in umbrella centered by line.Use which can produce bigger grouting pressure, thus
More efficiently prevent from disastrous retention of excessive fluid situation.In order to improve the degree of this effect, the most excellent
Selection of land, can make a call to 8 ring injected holes, and every ring injected hole spacing is 60cm.
As described above, said method be can determine that trend and the palm on underground river by the first step
The trend of side's fault belt in face of son, wherein fault belt be typically that underground river is adjoint one
A little unfavorable geologic body.Second step, further according to the analysis result of the first step, uses seismic reflection
The method forecast many water that can run into of construction or the position of rich water unfavorable geologic body and scale, forecast tunnel
The Grades of Surrounding Rock of road section, verifies rock stratum contact area band and larger Karst Features,
The forecast integrity of rock mass and karst and the developmental state of subsoil water, there is water fathering in forecast
Probability.Wherein, the detectable distance of second step is front of tunnel heading 100-150m.At this
On the basis of distance detection, the water fathering occurred is detected, calculate water yield and gush
Water hydraulic pressure, in case construction in later period reference.
It follows that said method is taked from far near, determined by reporting for work in advance, by qualitative to
Quantitative mode, it is achieved that accurately detection front of tunnel heading water fathering water yield and retention of excessive fluid hydraulic pressure
Purpose.
Based on above-mentioned forecast, follow-up can take appropriate method that tunnel is carried out excavation supporting to execute
Work.Main construction techniques may include that grouting for water blocking validity check → advance support construction →
Benching tunnelling method excavation → H-shaped steel supporting → gunite concrete → bottomed → H-shaped steel supporting of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation
Cyclization → next one circulation closed by → anchor spraying concrete → inverted arch.
Corresponding to said method, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides the forecast of a kind of tunnel geology
System, sees Fig. 2, and this system includes:
First search equipment 22, for surveying the geological condition in tunnel perimeter region；
Tunnel seismic survey apparatus 24, for the tunnel according to the first search equipment 22 exploration
The geological condition of neighboring area, carries out seismic reflection method exploration to the geology in tunnel；
Geologic prediction equipment 26, for the exploration result according to tunnel seismic survey apparatus 24
Carry out geologic prediction.
The said system of the embodiment of the present invention, according to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter region, uses
Seismic reflection method surveys, and obtains survey data.Because this seismic reflection method combines
The geological condition in tunnel perimeter region, the Reliability comparotive of the survey data obtained is strong, based on
The geologic prediction that these data are carried out is relatively more accurate, and then solves the tunnel geology of single mode
Investigation method cannot the geological condition in accurate forecast tunnel, cause constructing tunnel to there is safety the most hidden
The problem suffered from, improves the practicality of forecast.
Preferably, above-mentioned geologic prediction equipment 26 includes: suspicious geology section forecast module, uses
Following location prediction in result tunnel seismic survey apparatus surveyed is suspicious geology
Section: the 50m that caves in can be caused3Above fault belt position；Retention of excessive fluid speed can be caused
For 50m3The rich water position of/more than h；The unfavorable geologic body position of prominent mud gushing water.
Preferably, above-mentioned geologic prediction equipment 26 includes: damage forecasting judge module, is used for
Exploration result according to tunnel seismic survey apparatus judge whether at least to exist situations below it
One: above-mentioned suspicious geology section exists water fathering；There is landslide in above-mentioned suspicious geology section；Above-mentioned
There is prominent mud gushing water in suspicious geology section；There is rock burst in above-mentioned suspicious geology section；Above-mentioned dubiously
There is Gas Outburst in matter section；Damage forecasting module, for sentencing when damage forecasting judge module
When disconnected result is for being, carry out geological disaster nowcasting.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that the above-mentioned present invention each module or
Each step can realize with general calculating device, and they can concentrate on single calculating
On device, or it is distributed on the network that multiple calculating device is formed, alternatively, they
Can realize with calculating the executable program code of device, it is thus possible to they are stored
Performed by calculating device in the storage device, and in some cases, can be with difference
Step shown or described by performing in order herein, or they are fabricated to respectively each
Individual integrated circuit modules, or the multiple modules in them or step are fabricated to single integrated
Circuit module realizes.So, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software knot
Close.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention,
For a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.All
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made,
Should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the forecasting procedure of a tunnel geology, it is characterised in that including:
The geological condition in exploration tunnel perimeter region；
According to the geological condition in described tunnel perimeter region, the geology in described tunnel is entered
Row seismic reflection method surveys；
Geologic prediction is carried out according to the result that described seismic reflection method surveys；
Wherein, the geological condition in described exploration tunnel perimeter region, specifically include: root
The geological conditions disclosed according to tunnel tunnel face excavation and the detection event in big gun hole, to area
Face carries out mapping, geology mapping, and is analyzed；
The described geology to described tunnel carries out seismic reflection method exploration and specifically includes:
According to the result of analysis gained, determine bore position, use seismic reflection method to carry out
Distance detects；
Wherein it is determined that the method for bore position is: see at first main poorly
The side tunnel side wall of matter lays borehole boring；Away from last borehole 15-20m
Place lays sensor sleeve boring, and sensor sleeve boring is symmetrical along tunnel two wall
Arrange.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that according to described tunnel perimeter
The geological condition in region, carries out seismic reflection method exploration bag to the geology in described tunnel
Include:
According to the geological condition in tunnel perimeter region, choose borehole position, angle of aspect and
Tuning angle；
Seismic wave is carried out anti-according to described borehole position, angle of aspect and the tuning angle chosen
Penetrate method exploration.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that anti-according to described seismic wave
The result that method of penetrating is surveyed carries out geologic prediction and includes:
Following location prediction in the result survey described seismic reflection method is can
Doubtful geology section:
The 50m that caves in can be caused3Above fault belt position；
Can cause retention of excessive fluid speed is 50m3The rich water position of/more than h；
The unfavorable geologic body position of prominent mud gushing water.
Method the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that anti-according to described seismic wave
The result that method of penetrating is surveyed carries out geologic prediction and includes:
Below the result surveyed according to described seismic reflection method determines and at least exists
Situation for the moment, carries out geological disaster nowcasting:
There is water fathering in described suspicious geology section；
There is landslide in described suspicious geology section；
There is prominent mud gushing water in described suspicious geology section；
There is rock burst in described suspicious geology section；
There is Gas Outburst in described suspicious geology section.
5. the forecast system of a tunnel geology, it is characterised in that including:
First search equipment, for surveying the geological condition in tunnel perimeter region；
Tunnel seismic survey apparatus, for the institute according to described first search equipment exploration
State the geological condition in tunnel perimeter region, the geology in described tunnel is carried out seismic wave anti-
Penetrate method exploration；
Geologic prediction equipment, ties for the exploration according to described tunnel seismic survey apparatus
Fruit carries out geologic prediction；
Described first search equipment is additionally operable to: the ground disclosed according to tunnel tunnel face excavation
Matter condition and the detection event in big gun hole, carry out mapping, geology mapping to face,
And be analyzed；
Described tunnel seismic survey apparatus is additionally operable to, according to the result analyzing gained, determine
Bore position, uses seismic reflection method to carry out distance detection；
Wherein it is determined that the method for bore position is: see at first main poorly
The side tunnel side wall of matter lays borehole boring；Away from last borehole 15-20m
Place lays sensor sleeve boring, and sensor sleeve boring is symmetrical along tunnel two wall
Arrange.
System the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described geologic prediction equipment
Including:
Suspicious geology section forecast module, for surveying described tunnel seismic survey apparatus
Result in following location prediction be suspicious geology section:
The 50m that caves in can be caused3Above fault belt position；
Can cause retention of excessive fluid speed is 50m3The rich water position of/more than h；
The unfavorable geologic body position of prominent mud gushing water.
System the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described geologic prediction equipment
Including:
Damage forecasting judge module, for surveying according to described tunnel seismic survey apparatus
Survey result and judge whether at least to exist one of situations below: described suspicious geology section exists
Water fathering；There is landslide in described suspicious geology section；There is prominent mud in described suspicious geology section
Gushing water；There is rock burst in described suspicious geology section；There is gas and dash forward in described suspicious geology section
Go out；
Damage forecasting module, for when the judged result of described damage forecasting judge module
During for being, carry out geological disaster nowcasting.
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| JP3697957B2 (en) * | 1999-07-16 | 2005-09-21 | 株式会社大林組 | Prediction method for crack distribution ahead of face |
| JP3404015B2 (en) * | 2000-10-30 | 2003-05-06 | サンコーコンサルタント株式会社 | Geological exploration method in front of tunnel face |
| KR100812186B1 (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-03-12 | 주식회사 이제이텍 | Method for analysis total subsidence and method for prediction |
| CN101526629B (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2011-05-11 | 中铁二局股份有限公司 | Geological prediction system for constructing tunnel passing through coal measure strata |
| CN102322294B (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2014-06-18 | 中铁二十局集团第一工程有限公司 | Comprehensive geological prediction method for karst tunnel construction |
| CN102495434A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2012-06-13 | 成都畅达通地下工程科技发展有限公司 | Advanced geological prediction method for underground engineering |
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