CN103389523B - The forecast of tunnel geology and the method and system of construction - Google Patents
The forecast of tunnel geology and the method and system of construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN103389523B CN103389523B CN201310332250.0A CN201310332250A CN103389523B CN 103389523 B CN103389523 B CN 103389523B CN 201310332250 A CN201310332250 A CN 201310332250A CN 103389523 B CN103389523 B CN 103389523B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the forecast of a kind of tunnel geology and the method and system of construction.Wherein, the method includes: the geology in tunnel is carried out seismic reflection method exploration;The result surveyed according to above-mentioned seismic reflection method determines suspicious geology section;The suspicious geology section determined is carried out Advance Drilling method exploration, obtains the geological analysis data of this suspicious geology section;Geological analysis data according to above-mentioned suspicious geology section carry out geologic prediction.According to the present invention, solve single mode tunnel geology investigation method cannot the geological condition in accurate forecast tunnel, cause constructing tunnel to there is the problem of potential safety hazard, improve the practicality of forecast.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to constructing tunnel field, pre-in particular to a kind of tunnel geology
Report and the method and system of construction.
Background technology
In method for tunnel construction, advance geologic prediction is on the basis of Tunnel Design, for protecting
Demonstrate,prove safety for tunnel engineering, instruct tunnel construction, raising tunnel construction quality to open
The tunnel unfavorable geology of exhibition and the work of construction geology disaster advanced prediction.Meanwhile, for difference
Geographical environment, the method for the advance geologic prediction used by constructing tunnel is the most different.Such as,
In the area that there is underground river, when wearing underground river under needs and carrying out constructing tunnel, must carry out advanced
Geologic prediction, to detect front of tunnel heading it may happen that the situation of water fathering such that it is able to refer to
Lead constructing tunnel correct decisions, it is to avoid the generation of construction geology disaster.
But, in correlation technique, the exploration mode of tunnel geology situation is more single, it is impossible to
The geological condition in accurate forecast tunnel, causes constructing tunnel to there is potential safety hazard;For this peace
The problem of full hidden danger, the most not yet proposes effective solution.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the forecast of a kind of tunnel geology and the method for construction and be
System, in order to solve the problems referred to above.
According to an aspect of the present invention, it is provided that the forecast of a kind of tunnel geology and the side of construction
Method, including: the geology in tunnel is carried out seismic reflection method exploration;Anti-according to this seismic wave
The result penetrating method exploration determines suspicious geology section;The suspicious geology section determined is carried out advance drilling
Spy method is surveyed, and obtains the geological analysis data of this suspicious geology section;According to this suspicious geology section
Geological analysis data carry out geologic prediction.
Preferably, the following position in the above-mentioned result surveyed by seismic reflection method is defined as
Suspicious geology section: the 50m that caves in can be caused3Above fault belt position;Can cause
Retention of excessive fluid speed is 50m3The rich water position of/more than h;The unfavorable geologic body institute of prominent mud gushing water is in place
Put.
Preferably, above-mentioned suspicious geology section is carried out Advance Drilling method exploration, obtain dubiously
The geological analysis data of matter section include: hole suspicious geology section, obtain testing data;
The geological analysis data of suspicious geology section, wherein, this geological analysis are determined according to test data
Data at least include one below: the intensity index of rock, drillability index, formation lithology
Data, rock mass completeness, underground water yield and retention of excessive fluid hydraulic pressure data and gas density and pressure
Force data.
Preferably, the above-mentioned geological analysis data according to suspicious geology section carry out geologic prediction bag
Include: at least there is one of situations below when determining according to the geological analysis data of suspicious geology section
Time, carry out geological disaster nowcasting: suspicious geology section exists water fathering;Suspicious geology section
There is landslide;There is prominent mud gushing water in suspicious geology section;There is rock burst in suspicious geology section;Suspicious
There is Gas Outburst in geology section.
According to a further aspect in the invention, it is provided that the forecast of a kind of tunnel geology and construction
System, including: tunnel seismic survey apparatus, anti-for the geology in tunnel is carried out seismic wave
Penetrate method exploration;Advance Drilling search equipment, for the exploration according to tunnel seismic survey apparatus
Result determines suspicious geology section, and the suspicious geology section determined is carried out Advance Drilling method exploration,
Obtain the geological analysis data of suspicious geology section;Geologic prediction equipment, for according to advance drilling
The geological analysis data prospecting the above-mentioned suspicious geology section that measurement equipment obtains carry out geologic prediction.
Preferably, above-mentioned Advance Drilling search equipment includes: suspicious geology section determines module,
Following position in result tunnel seismic survey apparatus surveyed is defined as suspicious geology
Section: the 50m that caves in can be caused3Above fault belt position;Retention of excessive fluid speed can be caused
For 50m3The rich water position of/more than h;The unfavorable geologic body position of prominent mud gushing water.
Preferably, above-mentioned geologic prediction equipment includes: damage forecasting judge module, is used for sentencing
The most at least there is one of situations below in the geological analysis data of disconnected suspicious geology section: dubiously
There is water fathering in matter section;There is landslide in suspicious geology section;There is prominent mud gushing water in suspicious geology section;
There is rock burst in suspicious geology section;There is Gas Outburst in suspicious geology section;Damage forecasting module,
For when the judged result of damage forecasting judge module is for being, carries out geological disaster and close on pre-
Report.
The present invention uses seismic reflection method and Advance Drilling method to survey, and obtains dubiously
The geological analysis data of matter section, these data are because combining above-mentioned investigation method, therefore reliability
Stronger, the geologic prediction carried out based on these data is relatively more accurate, and then solves single side
The tunnel geology investigation method of formula cannot the geological condition in accurate forecast tunnel, cause tunnel to be executed
There is the problem of potential safety hazard in work, improves the practicality of forecast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing of the part constituting the application is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention,
The schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, is not intended that this
Bright improper restriction.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the forecasting procedure flow chart of the tunnel geology that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is the forecast system structured flowchart of the tunnel geology that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to accompanying drawing and describe the present invention in detail in conjunction with the embodiments.Need explanation
, in the case of not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can
To be mutually combined.
In order to optimize the prospecting technique of tunnel geology, obtain surveying the most accurately result, enter
And be that constructing tunnel provides reliable data, promoting the safety of constructing tunnel, the present invention is real
Execute example and provide forecasting procedure and the system of a kind of tunnel geology.
The forecasting procedure flow chart of tunnel geology as shown in Figure 1, the method includes following step
Rapid:
Step S102, carries out seismic reflection method exploration to the geology in tunnel;
Step S104, the result surveyed according to above-mentioned seismic reflection method determines suspicious geology
Section;
Step S106, carries out Advance Drilling method exploration to the suspicious geology section determined, is somebody's turn to do
The geological analysis data of suspicious geology section;
Step S108, carries out geology according to the geological analysis data of above-mentioned suspicious geology section pre-
Report.
The said method of the embodiment of the present invention uses seismic reflection method and Advance Drilling method to carry out
Exploration, obtains the geological analysis data of suspicious geology section, and these data are because combining above-mentioned exploration
Method, therefore Reliability comparotive is strong, and the geologic prediction carried out based on these data is relatively more accurate,
And then the tunnel geology investigation method solving single mode cannot the geology in accurate forecast tunnel
Situation, causes constructing tunnel to there is the problem of potential safety hazard, improves the practicality of forecast.
In order to strengthen the effectiveness of follow-up exploration process, determine that needs continue to survey targetedly
The section surveyed, above-mentioned steps S104 may include that in the result survey seismic reflection method
Following position be defined as suspicious geology section: the 50m that caves in can be caused3Above fault belt
Position;Can cause retention of excessive fluid speed is 50m3The rich water position of/more than h;Prominent mud gushing water
Unfavorable geologic body position.
Above-mentioned suspicious geology section is carried out Advance Drilling method exploration, obtain the ground of suspicious geology section
Matter analytical data may include that 1) suspicious geology section is holed, obtain testing data;
2) determine the geological analysis data of suspicious geology section according to test data, wherein, this geology is divided
Analysis data at least include one below: the intensity index of rock, drillability index, formation rock
Property data, rock mass completeness, underground water yield and retention of excessive fluid hydraulic pressure data and gas density with
Pressure data.
In view of the safety issue of construction, in the embodiment of the present invention, according to suspicious geology section
Geological analysis data carry out geologic prediction and may include that when according to the geology of suspicious geology section
Analytical data determines and at least there is situations below for the moment, carries out geological disaster nowcasting:
1) there is water fathering in suspicious geology section;
2) there is landslide in suspicious geology section;
3) there is prominent mud gushing water in suspicious geology section;
4) there is rock burst in suspicious geology section;
5) there is Gas Outburst in suspicious geology section.
As can be seen here, the geologic prediction method in the above embodiment of the present invention, with Advance Drilling
Method is main, and centre combines multiple physical prospecting means and carries out Synthetic Geological Prediction Ahead of Construction, forms macroscopic view
The forecast of forecast guidance microcosmic, the method for distance forecast guidance short-distance and medium-distance forecast.
When implementing said method, geophysical prospecting (TSP203)+Advance Drilling can be used
The mode that method (Advance Drilling 5 hole+add deep blasting hole) combines is carried out.Such as: use ground
Unfavorable geology in the range of front of tunnel heading 100-150m is forecast by seismic wave method bounce technique;
The checking of forward probe hole is used, to front of tunnel heading on the basis of seismic reflection method is explored
Geological condition in the range of about 30m does and forecasts more accurately, and each section lays 5 spies
Hole (one of them hole coring), front and back the lap of splice between adjacent detector hole is 5m.
The data of multiforecasing forecast means gained is comprehensively analyzed and is passed judgment on, mutually confirms,
And be predicted sentencing according to geological conditions, law of development, trend and the omen of face announcement
Disconnected, according to advance geologic prediction result, corresponding Optimized Adjustment Measures, to guarantee construction
Safety and structural safety.
In view of the complexity of Xia Chuan underground river, tunnel geology, below as a example by tunnel, underground river, say
The bright detailed process realizing above-mentioned geologic prediction:
The first step: determine bore position, uses seismic reflection method to carry out distance detection,
With the forecast many water that can run into of construction or the position of rich water unfavorable geologic body and scale, forecast tunnel
The Grades of Surrounding Rock of road section, verifies rock stratum contact area band and larger Karst Features,
The forecast integrity of rock mass and karst and the developmental state of subsoil water, there is water fathering in forecast
Probability;The distance of distance detection is front of tunnel heading 100-150m;
The available result of this step includes: it is disconnected that the general constructing tunnel that forecasts with unerring accuracy runs into
Layer crushed zone etc. causes position and the scale of the unfavorable geologic body caving in or caving in;Typically can not
Omission can cause the 50m that caves in3Above unfavorable geologic body;Accurately forecast that general tunnel is executed
Solution cavity that fault crevice water that work runs into, Karst Tunnel run into, underground river, karst mud band and
The old kiln that gas tunnel is likely encountered, old Kong or other many water or the position of rich water unfavorable geologic body
Put and scale;Typically can not omit and can cause big retention of excessive fluid (50m3/ more than h), mud of even dashing forward
The unfavorable geologic body of gushing water;Accurately forecast the Grades of Surrounding Rock (error is less than half grade) of section;
And can forecast qualitatively the main unfavorable geology of section cave in, the construction geology such as prominent mud gushing water
The probability of disaster.
Additionally, the seismic reflection method in this step can use tunnel seismic survey instrument (Tunnel
Seismic Prediction, TSP) detection;And the method determining bore position is:
The side tunnel side wall first seeing main unfavorable geology lays borehole boring;Away from last
Lay sensor sleeve boring at individual borehole 15-20m, and sensor sleeve is holed along tunnel
Road two wall is arranged symmetrically with.
Wherein, in TSP detection process, the determination of bore position directly affects result of detection
Accuracy.Use the determination method of above-mentioned preferred bore position, result anticipation can be improved
Accuracy.
Second step: use Advance Drilling method proximity detection, in combination with the detection of the first step
As a result, water fathering position is determined;Proximity detection front of tunnel heading 20-30m;
It is the most square in constructing tunnel phase geological advanced prediction method for using Advance Drilling method
Method is the checking to other detection means achievements and supplements.Specifically in drilling process,
For improving the accuracy of result anticipation, following preferred bore mode can be used:
If the testing result of the first step is front of tunnel heading when there is fault belt, then arrange
3 drilling hole, detect.
If the testing result of the first step is front of tunnel heading when there may be gushing water section, then cloth
Put 5 drilling hole.
And in above two drilling situation, the hole depth of drilling hole is more than 3m.
3rd step: according to result of detection and the face borehole water fathering feelings of Advance Drilling method
Condition, launches monitoring, calculates water yield and retention of excessive fluid hydraulic pressure simultaneously water fathering in hole.
Water yield and retention of excessive fluid hydraulic pressure is had determined that by this step.Thus during construction, can root
According to this situation, carry out later stage preventive measure, such as: according to this step calculate water yield with gush
Water hydraulic pressure, in tunnel it may happen that extensive (high pressure) gush (dash forward) water, mud of dashing forward can
Karst area carries out front pre-grouting.
The method of concrete front pre-grouting can be in the following ways: in distance forecast gushing water position
Put and at 5-10m, beat injected hole, and injected hole excavates direction with center, tunnel from face edge
Arrange in umbrella centered by line.Use which can produce bigger grouting pressure, thus
More efficiently prevent from disastrous retention of excessive fluid situation.In order to improve the degree of this effect, the most excellent
Selection of land, can make a call to 8 ring injected holes, and every ring injected hole spacing is 60cm.
As described above, said method uses seismic reflection method forecast construction can run into many
Water or the position of rich water unfavorable geologic body and scale, the Grades of Surrounding Rock of forecast tunnel section, visit
Bright rock stratum contact area band and larger Karst Features, the integrity of forecast rock mass and rock
The molten developmental state with subsoil water, there is the probability of water fathering in forecast.Wherein, detectable
Distance be front of tunnel heading 100-150m.This distance detect on the basis of, use into
One step determines water fathering position.Finally, the water fathering occurred is detected, calculate retention of excessive fluid
Amount and retention of excessive fluid hydraulic pressure, in case construction in later period reference.
It follows that said method is taked from far near, determined by reporting for work in advance, by qualitative to
Quantitative mode, it is achieved that accurately detection front of tunnel heading water fathering water yield and retention of excessive fluid hydraulic pressure
Purpose.
Based on above-mentioned forecast, follow-up can take appropriate method that tunnel is carried out excavation supporting to execute
Work.Main construction techniques may include that grouting for water blocking validity check → advance support construction →
Benching tunnelling method excavation → H-shaped steel supporting → gunite concrete → bottomed → H-shaped steel supporting of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation
Cyclization → next one circulation closed by → anchor spraying concrete → inverted arch.
Corresponding to said method, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides the forecast of a kind of tunnel geology
System, sees Fig. 2, and this system includes:
Tunnel seismic survey apparatus 22, surveys for the geology in tunnel is carried out seismic reflection method
Survey;
Advance Drilling search equipment 24, for the exploration according to tunnel seismic survey apparatus 22
Result determines suspicious geology section, and the suspicious geology section determined is carried out Advance Drilling method exploration,
Obtain the geological analysis data of suspicious geology section;
Geologic prediction equipment 26, above-mentioned for obtain according to Advance Drilling search equipment 24
The geological analysis data of suspicious geology section carry out geologic prediction.
The said system of the embodiment of the present invention uses seismic reflection method and Advance Drilling method to carry out
Exploration, obtains the geological analysis data of suspicious geology section, and these data are because combining above-mentioned exploration
Method, therefore Reliability comparotive is strong, and the geologic prediction carried out based on these data is relatively more accurate,
And then the tunnel geology investigation method solving single mode cannot the geology in accurate forecast tunnel
Situation, causes constructing tunnel to there is the problem of potential safety hazard, improves the practicality of forecast.
Above-mentioned Advance Drilling search equipment 24 includes: suspicious geology section determines module, and being used for will
Following position in the result of tunnel seismic survey apparatus exploration is defined as suspicious geology section: can
Cause the 50m that caves in3Above fault belt position;The retention of excessive fluid speed can be caused to be
50m3The rich water position of/more than h;The unfavorable geologic body position of prominent mud gushing water.
Specifically, above-mentioned geologic prediction equipment 26 includes: damage forecasting judge module, is used for
Judge that the geological analysis data of suspicious geology section the most at least exist one of situations below: 1) can
Doubt geology section and there is water fathering;2) there is landslide in suspicious geology section;3) suspicious geology section is deposited
At prominent mud gushing water;4) there is rock burst in suspicious geology section;5) suspicious geology section exist gas dash forward
Go out;Damage forecasting module, is used for when the judged result of damage forecasting judge module is for being,
Carry out geological disaster nowcasting.
Obviously, those skilled in the art should be understood that the above-mentioned present invention each module or
Each step can realize with general calculating device, and they can concentrate on single calculating
On device, or it is distributed on the network that multiple calculating device is formed, alternatively, they
Can realize with calculating the executable program code of device, it is thus possible to they are stored
Performed by calculating device in the storage device, and in some cases, can be with difference
Step shown or described by performing in order herein, or they are fabricated to respectively each
Individual integrated circuit modules, or the multiple modules in them or step are fabricated to single integrated
Circuit module realizes.So, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hardware and software knot
Close.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention,
For a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.All
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made,
Should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the forecast of a tunnel geology and construction method, it is characterised in that including:
The geology in tunnel is carried out seismic reflection method exploration;
The result surveyed according to described seismic reflection method determines suspicious geology section;
The described suspicious geology section determined is carried out Advance Drilling method exploration, obtains described
The geological analysis data of suspicious geology section;
Geological analysis data according to described suspicious geology section carry out geologic prediction;
Described method also includes that order performs following processing step:
Grouting for water blocking validity check, advance support construction, benching tunnelling method excavation, I-steel
Supporting, gunite concrete, get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation bottomed, H-shaped steel supporting, anchor spraying concrete and
Cyclization closed by inverted arch.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by described seismic reflection
Following position in the result of method exploration is defined as described suspicious geology section:
The 50m that caves in can be caused3Above fault belt position;
Can cause retention of excessive fluid speed is 50m3The rich water position of/more than h;
The unfavorable geologic body position of prominent mud gushing water.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that to described suspicious geology section
Carry out Advance Drilling method exploration, obtain the geological analysis packet of described suspicious geology section
Include:
Described suspicious geology section is holed, obtains testing data;
The geological analysis data of described suspicious geology section are determined according to described test data,
Wherein, described geological analysis data at least include one below: the intensity index of rock,
Drillability index, formation lithology data, rock mass completeness, underground water yield with gush
Water hydraulic pressure data and gas density and pressure data.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that according to described suspicious geology
The geological analysis data of section carry out geologic prediction and include:
When determine according to the geological analysis data of described suspicious geology section at least exist with
Lower situation for the moment, carries out geological disaster nowcasting:
There is water fathering in described suspicious geology section;
There is landslide in described suspicious geology section;
There is prominent mud gushing water in described suspicious geology section;
There is rock burst in described suspicious geology section;
There is Gas Outburst in described suspicious geology section.
5. the forecast of a tunnel geology and construction system, it is characterised in that including:
Tunnel seismic survey apparatus, for carrying out seismic reflection method to the geology in tunnel
Exploration;
Advance Drilling search equipment, for surveying according to described tunnel seismic survey apparatus
Survey result and determine suspicious geology section, and the described suspicious geology section determined is carried out in advance
Probing method is surveyed, and obtains the geological analysis data of described suspicious geology section;
Geologic prediction equipment, for obtain according to described Advance Drilling search equipment
The geological analysis data stating suspicious geology section carry out geologic prediction;
Described system still further comprises for sequentially performing setting of following processing step
Standby:
Grouting for water blocking validity check, advance support construction, benching tunnelling method excavation, I-steel
Supporting, gunite concrete, get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation bottomed, H-shaped steel supporting, anchor spraying concrete and
Cyclization closed by inverted arch.
System the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described Advance Drilling surveys
Equipment includes:
Suspicious geology section determines module, for described tunnel seismic survey apparatus being surveyed
Result in following position be defined as described suspicious geology section: can cause and cave in
50m3Above fault belt position;
Can cause retention of excessive fluid speed is 50m3The rich water position of/more than h;
The unfavorable geologic body position of prominent mud gushing water.
System the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described geologic prediction equipment
Including:
Damage forecasting judge module, for judging the geological analysis of described suspicious geology section
The most at least there is one of situations below in data: the existence of described suspicious geology section is gushed prominent
Water;There is landslide in described suspicious geology section;There is prominent mud gushing water in described suspicious geology section;
There is rock burst in described suspicious geology section;There is Gas Outburst in described suspicious geology section;
Damage forecasting module, for when the judged result of described damage forecasting judge module
During for being, carry out geological disaster nowcasting.
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CN107831529A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-23 | 云南省水利水电勘测设计研究院 | A kind of method for lifting tunnel advance geologic prediction accuracy rate |
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CN108415066B (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2020-03-24 | 北方工业大学 | Tunnel construction geological disaster forecasting method |
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CN110794478B (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-10-29 | 中铁十局集团有限公司 | Comprehensive detection method for harmful gas in non-coal measure stratum tunnel |
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