CN103329724B - Watermelon plastic film full-mulching cultivation method - Google Patents
Watermelon plastic film full-mulching cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103329724B CN103329724B CN201310296037.9A CN201310296037A CN103329724B CN 103329724 B CN103329724 B CN 103329724B CN 201310296037 A CN201310296037 A CN 201310296037A CN 103329724 B CN103329724 B CN 103329724B
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- watermelon
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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Abstract
The invention discloses a watermelon plastic film full-mulching cultivation method. The watermelon plastic film full-mulching cultivation method comprises a first step of preparing a land and sowing laguminosae, a second step of evening the laguminosae, a third step of conducting irrigation and covering plastic film, and a fourth step of growing watermelon seedlings and conducting filed management. According to the watermelon plastic film full-mulching cultivation method, due to the fact that the land is fully covered by the two-color plastic film, the two-color plastic film has the effects of restraining weeds and avoiding aphids, the aphids and other insects are effectively prevented from spreading diseases, the land temperature inside a ridge is rapidly improved, and effective degradation of green manure plants is improved. Due to the fact that quick lime is applied, soil acidification can be effectively relieved, the calcium content of soil can be increased, and the rate of watermelon cracking in the watermelon mature period is reduced. Due to the fact that a layer of dry straw covers the plastic film arranged between every two ridges, moistures is absorbed, the dryness degree inside a green house is improved, fixation of watermelon vines is facilitated, and watermelon growth is facilitated. The incidence of fusarium wilt is reduced by 96% compared with that of the prior art. The quality of watermelons is remarkably improved. The sugar degree of each watermelon is increased by 1%-3%. The yield is increased by 200%-600% compared with that of the prior art.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivating watermelon method, especially a kind of growth of watermelon field is all used the cultivation method of plastic mulching, belongs to melon and fruit culture technique field.
Background technology
The normal diseases such as fusarium wilt, climing rot that occur of watermelon growing phase, have a strong impact on the yield of watermelon.Generally fusarium wilt causes the yield of watermelon loss to be about 15～30%, and some continuous cropping field fusarium wilts, up to 50～85%, even have no harvest, and fusarium wilt has become the key constraints that watermelon is produced.One of withered pathogenetic reason is that soil quality declines, and in soil, germ grows, and soil quality declines and can produce material impact to microflora in soil and soil enzyme activities, general performance is to soil physical and chemical property change and the destruction to soil biology environment.Existing cultivating watermelon method is except the diseases such as normal generation fusarium wilt, climing rot, and also easy growth of weeds, captures soil fertility, affects the yield of watermelon.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the defect existing for existing cultivating watermelon technology, propose a kind of watermelon mulch film all standing cultivation method, increase soil fertility and balanced soil biology environment, change soil physico-chemical property, improve the disease resistance of watermelon, and then improve the yield of watermelon and quality.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A watermelon mulch film all standing cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
1) wholelyly and broadcast sowing sweet potato
Before cultivating watermelon, apart from booth frame 25～35cm place, along booth steel pipe direction both sides ridging, with the rake ridge face of raking, and broadcast sowing the legume sweet potato as green manure, seeding quantity 4～10kg/667m on leveling surface
2, after broadcasting, with rake, flatten again, and on leveling surface, spread water and drench;
2) flatten sweet potato
After sweet potato emerges, note at ordinary times watering, keep soil moisture 70～85%, treat early Febuary in next year, sweet potato growing height, when 30～60cm, is pressed 150kg/667m on sweet potato surface
2spread fertilizer over the fields quicklime, ridge face sweet potato is not completely cured, all flatten;
3) irrigation and covering with plastic film
At the ridge face near booth outside, along canopy length direction, flatten sweet potato surface and place droping irrigating pipe, and to flood irrigation in canopy once, then all ground in canopy and ridge face are all covered to silver grey black bicolor mulching film, during covering, the black of bicolor mulching film is down, upward, surrounding compresses silver gray; Mulch film surface coverage one deck dry rice straw between ridge again, airtight booth or greenhouse, keep 28～32 days;
4) watermelon seedling culturing and field management
Early Febuary watermelon hotbed point disk seedling growing, when melon seedling grows to 1～3 true leaf, wear out bicolor mulching film and be directly colonizated on ridge, after field planting, cover little shed; Late March, throws off little shed, enters booth normal management; May early and middle ten days first melon of gathering, second and third batch of melon of gathering late June～mid-July, finishes cultivation after gathering.
Object of the present invention can also further realize by following technical measures.
Aforesaid watermelon mulch film all standing cultivation method, the high 23～27cm in ridge of wherein said step 1), ridge face width 78～82cm.
Aforesaid watermelon mulch film all standing cultivation method, the straw thickness of wherein said step 3) is 1～3cm.
Aforesaid watermelon mulch film all standing cultivation method, the spacing in the rows of wherein said step 4) is 52～58cm.
The present invention selects sweet potato as the direct mulching soil of green manure, and adopts outer silver gray, and the bicolor mulching film of interior black mulch film all covers watermelon field, airtight booth, the flourishing root system of sweet potato plays chesson, changes the penetrating ability of soil, and then changes soil physico-chemical property.Whole coverings of bicolor mulching film can improve rapidly ground temperature in ridge, promote effective degraded of green manure plant, are conducive to accelerate decomposition and the utilization of carbon, nitrogen, especially potassium etc. in the green body plant of sweet potato; The effect that suppresses weeds and keep away aphid is also played in whole coverings of bicolor mulching film, effectively avoids the effect of aphid and other insect transmission diseases.Apply quicklime and can alleviate soil acidification, and increase soil calcium content, the minimizing watermelon maturing stage is split melon rate, splits melon rate and reduces more than 80% compared with prior art.The present invention is mulch film surface coverage one deck dry rice straw between ridge, can absorb moisture, improves the aridity in booth; And be conducive to watermelon vine viticula and must snarl dry rice straw, thereby watermelon tendril is fixed, be convenient to watermelon growing.The present invention can make the fusarium wilt incidence of disease reduce by 96% compared with prior art, and quality obviously improves, and its pol improves 1～3%, and output improves 200～600% compared with prior art.
Advantage and disadvantage of the present invention, will make an explanation by the non-limitative illustration of preferred embodiment below, and these embodiment only provide as an example.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of good 8424 cultivating watermelons early, the invention will be further described.
The present embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) wholelyly and broadcast sowing sweet potato
Before cultivating watermelon, apart from booth frame 30cm place, along booth steel pipe direction both sides ridging, with the rake ridge face of raking, and broadcast sowing the legume sweet potato as green manure, seeding quantity 4～10kg/667m on leveling surface
2, after broadcasting, with rake, flatten again, and on leveling surface, spread water and drench.
2) flatten sweet potato
After sweet potato emerges, note at ordinary times watering, keep soil moisture in 70～85% left and right, treat early Febuary in next year, sweet potato growing height, when 30～60cm, spreads fertilizer over the fields quicklime (150kg/667m on sweet potato surface
2), ridge face sweet potato is not completely cured, all flatten.Apply quicklime and can alleviate soil acidification, and increase soil calcium content, the minimizing watermelon maturing stage is split melon rate.
3) irrigation and covering with plastic film
At the ridge face near booth outside, along canopy length direction, flatten sweet potato surface and place droping irrigating pipe, and to flood irrigation in canopy once, then all ground in canopy and ridge face are all covered to silver grey black bicolor mulching film, during covering, the black of bicolor mulching film is down, upward, surrounding compresses silver gray; Mulch film surface coverage one deck dry rice straw between ridge again, airtight booth or greenhouse, keep about 30 days; Silver grey black bicolor mulching film plays the effect that suppresses weeds and keep away aphid, effectively avoids the effect of aphid and other insect transmission diseases.
4) watermelon seedling culturing and field management
Early Febuary watermelon hotbed point disk seedling growing, when melon seedling grows to 1～3 true leaf, wear out bicolor mulching film and be directly colonizated on ridge, after field planting, cover little shed; Late March, throws off little shed, enters booth normal management; May early and middle ten days first melon of gathering, second and third batch of melon of gathering late June～mid-July, finishes cultivation after gathering.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments, and all employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent deformation one-tenth, all drop in the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a watermelon mulch film all standing cultivation method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) wholelyly and broadcast sowing sweet potato
Before cultivating watermelon, apart from booth frame 25～35cm place, along booth steel pipe direction both sides ridging, with the rake ridge face of raking, and broadcast sowing the legume sweet potato as green manure, seeding quantity 4～10kg/667m on leveling surface
2, after broadcasting, with rake, flatten again, and on leveling surface, spread water and drench;
2) flatten sweet potato
After sweet potato emerges, note at ordinary times watering, keep soil moisture 70～85%, treat early Febuary in next year, sweet potato growing height, when 30～60cm, is pressed 150kg/667m on sweet potato surface
2spread fertilizer over the fields quicklime, ridge face sweet potato is not completely cured, all flatten;
3) irrigation and covering with plastic film
At the ridge face near booth outside, along canopy length direction, flatten sweet potato surface and place droping irrigating pipe, and to flood irrigation in canopy once, then all ground in canopy and ridge face are all covered to silver grey black bicolor mulching film, during covering, the black of bicolor mulching film is down, upward, surrounding compresses silver gray; Mulch film surface coverage one deck dry rice straw between ridge again, airtight booth or greenhouse, keep 28～32 days;
4) watermelon seedling culturing and field management
Early Febuary watermelon hotbed point disk seedling growing, when melon seedling grows to 1～3 true leaf, wear out bicolor mulching film and be directly colonizated on ridge, after field planting, cover little shed; Late March, throws off little shed, enters booth normal management; May early and middle ten days first melon of gathering, second and third batch of melon of gathering late June～mid-July, finishes cultivation after gathering.
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| CN201310296037.9A CN103329724B (en) | 2013-07-16 | 2013-07-16 | Watermelon plastic film full-mulching cultivation method |
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| CN103329724B true CN103329724B (en) | 2014-10-01 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107135784A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-08 | 山西省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | A kind of outdoor vegetable cultural method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104938203B (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-08-11 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of method for growing vegetables of the horizontal plant in vertical ridge |
| CN113498721A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-10-15 | 江西泉彩农业高科技开发有限公司 | Space soybean cultivation technology |
Citations (1)
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| CN103069947A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-05-01 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Acidified soil improvement method for rubber plantation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103069947A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-05-01 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Acidified soil improvement method for rubber plantation |
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| 周厚基等.果园绿肥毛叶苕子及其栽培技术---介绍一种适于渤海湾地区苹果园冬闲间作的绿肥作物.《辽宁农业科学》.1965,(第4期),第36-38页. |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107135784A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-08 | 山西省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | A kind of outdoor vegetable cultural method |
| CN107135784B (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2020-01-03 | 山西省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Open field vegetable cultivation method |
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