CN103314837A

CN103314837A - Method for cultivating reed stem to sprout in timely, efficient and quick manner

Info

Publication number: CN103314837A
Application number: CN2012100742708A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 穆春生; 张娜; 杨群
Original assignee: Northeast Normal University
Current assignee: Changchun Northeast Normal University Science and Technology Development Center
Priority date: 2012-03-20
Filing date: 2012-03-20
Publication date: 2013-09-25
Anticipated expiration: 2032-03-20
Also published as: CN103314837B

Abstract

The invention belongs to plant cultivation technology, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating reed stem to sprout in a timely, efficient and quick manner. The method comprises the following steps: reaping stems, establishing a sprouting pool, transporting and storing the stems, cutting the stems and sprouting. According to the method, stems of well-grown reeds which grow in natural communities are chosen during a period between the beginning of June to the middle of July to be cut from the earth surface, and are transported and stored in the manner of bagging and moisture spraying; the stems are cut into small sections with at least two knobs, and bundled into small bundles through hemp ropes; several bundles of small sections are covered with a piece of wet hessian cloth and bundled into a small packet, each small packet is arranged in the sprouting pool which is of suitable size, is heliophobic, and is built with local soil, and the roof of the sprouting pool is covered with wet hessian cloth or straw bag pieces; during the germination period, the sprouting pool is watered once a day, and the hessian cloth or the straw bag pieces is kept wet. According to the invention, the germination percentages of the stems and the knobs have reached 100% and 97.6% respectively, and putrefactive phenomenon of stems and knobs is avoided, so that efficient and quick germination of the reed stems are realized, and reed wetland vegetation is restored and recovered.

Description

A kind of reed stalk method efficient, that germinate fast that makes

Technical field

The invention belongs to the plant cultivation technology, be specifically related to a kind of reed stalk breeding method that in good time germinates efficiently, fast.

Background technology

Reed ( Phragmites australis) for the grass family reed belongs to perennial rhizome type plant, a little less than the sexual propagation ability, asexual multiplication ability is strong, is typical clonal line, is the Main Constructive Species of muskeg.Reed has very strong resistance and adaptability as a kind of large-scale emergent aquactic plant, can grow in the different habitats such as low-lying land between Marsh Wetland, grassy marshland, alluvial flat, beach, lake and mound, desert, is the dispersed species in the world.Reed of many uses, not only can be used as good forage, the paper making raw material of high-quality, the basketry product, be used as medicine, build a house etc., and the wetland reed there is stronger absorption and sorption ability to the harmful substance in the sewage, can slow down water velocity and accelerate sediment settlement, both water quality was played self cleaning, again to the Gu Gou that drained off floodwaters, bank protection, slow down the wave stroke effect.Many shallow water reed wetlands are perching of the rare bird in the world and breed the place, and what have is put into the International Important Wetlands register.As seen, reed is indispensable raw material in the industries such as farming and animal husbandry, industry, building, medicine, not only has good economic benefit, but also has good social benefit and ecological benefits.

Yet, because the deterioration of long-term mankind's activity interference and natural conditions, reed natural community just reduces in large tracts of land, makes its economy that has, society and Ecology Action and function also in continuous forfeiture, recover and reconstruction wetland reed vegetation, become the problem that needs to be resolved hurrily at present.Although lot of domestic and foreign scholar is more at aspect research reports such as Phragmites communis population clone adjustment feature, ecological effect, Morphological And Anatomical, Physiology and biochemistry, hereditary feature, classification and processing, relates to and adopt the research of artificial measures's vegetative propagation reed vegetation to report seldom.Reed can adopt seed, underground rhizome and three kinds of modes of terrestrial stem stalk to breed.Because the reed seed production is low, seed is tiny, and directly sowing is settled down and the difficulty of emerging, and adopts again time-consuming, effort of seed seedling-raising propagation method, therefore generally do not adopt seminal propagation.Utilize the asexual reproduction method of Reed rhizome not only to destroy reed Proterozoic vegetation, also be subject to the restriction of available resources simultaneously.So, utilize reed terrestrial stem stalk to carry out vegetative propagation, just become the optimal method of people.Utilizing the reed stalk vegetative propagation, is the rudiment ability of utilizing its each joint place to have, the seedling of taking root of then germinateing, but this ability is significantly different along with the variation in reed fertility month.In recent years, utilizing reed stalk to carry out on the vegetative method, the direct implantation methods of after cutting the stalk cuttage hot summer days and cutting stalk reed stalk being tied into wisp is arranged, also have reed stalk is soaked first the germination of 15 angel's stem stalks in water, and then the method for seedling raising and transplanting.But soaking germinating method in this reed stalk water exists and carries out reed to cut the time that stalk germinates indefinite, required germinating time is longer, germination rate is lower, rotten deficiency easily occurs in stem stalk and bud when soaking, each stem stalk section contains several joints when also existing in addition explanation germination, take joint as statistical standard, what deficiency the joint germination rate be.

Summary of the invention

For overcome soak in the existing reed stalk water germinating method to cut the stalk germinating time indefinite, and the germination required time is longer, perishable and the lower deficiency of germination rate of stem stalk and bud the invention provides a kind of reed stalk that makes and implements efficient and breeding method that germinate fast.

According to reed stalk joint rudiment ability with the variation in its fertility month remarkable different biological property, a kind of stalk that in good time cuts is provided in China the Northeast, build on the spot the germination pond, make stem stalk efficient and fast germinating method in the germination pond.Concrete steps of the present invention and condition are as follows:

1, the time that extracts of stem stalk

At the beginning of reed natural community grows into 6 months～select well-grown stem stalk to carry out extracting from the earth's surface during mid-July.Extract the stem stalk every day and should select time without strong illumination.

2, the setting in germination pond and construction

Before cutting stalk, the place of selecting to keep away sun adopts local soil to build the pond on the spot, and the size in each germination pond is watered according to the quantity of need germination reed stalk and in germinateing and waited the principle of convenient management to determine, the pond is wide 2 meters, 2～3 meters of pond length, and be advisable in high 0.5 meter of the ridge, pond.

3, the transportation of stem stalk and preservation

In transportation after the stem stalk extracts and the preservation process, need to take the stem stalk is packed the measure of parcel and sprinkling moisture, avoid stem stalk moisture loss or stem stalk withered, cause the reduction of rudiment ability or bury mistake.

4, the section of cutting of stem stalk and germination

After the stem stalk that extracts is transported to the germination place, at first remove the tender tip of a base portion 1-2 stipes and top, clip keeps the stem stalk segment of 2～3 joints.After the stem stalk shears, tie into a tuftlet with the rope made of hemp, then several tuftlets become wisp with wet piece of sack parcel and with hemo lashing, to tie good stem stalk wisp is placed in the germination pond by bundle again, the superiors are again with the wet piece of sack or driven straw bag weaving caping, and duration of germination waters and once keep the piece of sack or driven straw bag weaving moistening every day.Treat that blastogenesis in 7 days is long neat, the long 1～2cm of bud after minority stem stalk is taken root, can be used for further cultivating seedling or directly transplanting.

Advantage of the present invention:

Compare with soaking germinating method in the water, the present invention one is clearly, and reed stalk extracts and the time of germinateing; The 2nd, obviously save germinating time (week) and significantly improve germination rate (3 times), and stem stalk and bud occur without putrefactive phenomenon, thereby reach the purpose of more efficient and quick germination.

Embodiment

Below further specify concrete steps of the present invention and condition:

1, the time that extracts of stem stalk

Reed natural community from the late April～after turning green the first tenday period of a month in May, when grow at the beginning of 6 months～select well-grown stem stalk to carry out extracting from the earth's surface during mid-July.The stem stalk in June, joint number be 5～7 joints approximately, and this moment, the stem stalk was soft, and the rudiment ability is strong, and germination rate is high.July early and middle ten days, along with the growth of reed, stem stalk fiber degree increases the weight of, the rudiment ability weakens, and therefore, cuts stalk this moment and germinates and will select the stipes number to extract less than 10 stem stalk.Reed stalk after mid-July, stem stalk fiber degree further increases the weight of, and germination rate is very low, should not adopt the stem stalk to carry out its vegetative propagation again.The time that extracts the stem stalk every day should be chosen in before the 9:00 in the morning or afternoon 15:00 after, in case the stem stalk is scattered and disappeared by strong illumination moisture fast.

2, the setting in germination pond and construction

Before cutting stalk, the place of selecting to keep away sun adopts local soil to build the pond on the spot, and the size in each germination pond is watered according to the quantity of need germination reed stalk and in germinateing and waited the principle of convenient management to determine, the pond is wide 2 meters, 2～3 meters of pond length, and be advisable in high 0.5 meter of the ridge, pond.After building the pond, make Land leveling at the bottom of the pond.

3, the transportation of stem stalk and preservation

Take the limit to extract the stem stalk, the mode of limit transportation.Extract from the germination place away from the time, in transportation, need to take measures the stem stalk is packed parcel and sprays moisture, moisture loss or stem stalk are withered in transit to avoid the stem stalk, cause the reduction of rudiment ability or bury mistake.After the stem stalk was transported to the germination place, the moist keeping measures of will taking measures equally avoided stem stalk moisture loss or stem stalk withered.

4, the section of cutting of stem stalk and germination

With the stem stalk that extracts, remove 1～2 stipes of base portion and the tender tip in top, cut blade after, clip keeps the stem stalk segment of 2～3 joints.Put into immediately water after a stem stalk of the every clip section and soak, and avoid sun direct projection, the dehydration of control stem stalk affects the rudiment ability.After the stem stalk shears, tie into a tuftlet with per 8～10 of the rope made of hemp, then every 5-6 tuftlet becomes wisp with wet piece of sack parcel and with hemo lashing, to tie good stem stalk wisp is placed in the germination pond by bundle again, after whole wisps have been placed, the superiors use 2～3 layers of wet gunnysack or driven straw bag weaving caping again, and duration of germination waters and once keep the piece of sack or driven straw bag weaving moistening every day.After 3 days, stem stalk germination rate is 100%, and the joint germination rate is 97.6%.Treat that blastogenesis in 7 days is long neat, bud length after minority stem stalk is taken root, can be used for further cultivating seedling or directly transplanting about 2cm.

Claims

1. one kind makes reed stalk method efficient, that germinate fast, it is characterized in that in China's the Northeast's concrete steps and condition as follows:

1), the time that extracts of stem stalk:

Reed natural community from the late April～after turning green the first tenday period of a month in May, when grow at the beginning of 6 months～select well-grown stem stalk to carry out extracting from the earth's surface during mid-July, the stem stalk joint number in June is the 5-7 joint; July, the early and middle ten days joint number was 7-10 joint, and the time that extracts the stem stalk every day should be chosen in before the 9:00 in the morning or afternoon 15:00 after;

2), the setting in germination pond and construction:

Before cutting stalk, the place of selecting to keep away sun adopts local soil to build the pond on the spot, and the size in each germination pond is watered according to the quantity of need germination reed stalk and in germinateing and managed easily principle and determine, the pond is wide 2 meters, the long 2-3 rice in pond, Land leveling at the bottom of the pond is advisable on high 0.5 meter of the ridge, pond;

3), the transportation of stem stalk and preservation:

Take the limit to extract the stem stalk, the mode of limit transportation, extract from the germination place away from the time, in transportation, need to take measures the stem stalk is packed parcel and sprays moisture, after the stem stalk is transported to the germination place, the keeping moist keeping measures of will taking measures equally;

4), the section of cutting of stem stalk and germination:

With the stem stalk that extracts, remove 1～2 stipes of base portion and the tender tip in top, after cutting blade, clip keeps the stem stalk segment of 2～3 joints, putting into immediately water after a stem stalk of the every clip section soaks, and avoid sun direct projection, after the stem stalk shears, tie into a tuftlet with per 8～10 of the rope made of hemp, then every 5-6 tuftlet becomes wisp with wet piece of sack parcel and with hemo lashing, to tie good stem stalk wisp again and be placed in the germination pond by bundle, the superiors use 2～3 layers of wet gunnysack or driven straw bag weaving caping again, and duration of germination waters once every day, keep the piece of sack or driven straw bag weaving moistening, after 3 days, stem stalk germination rate is 100%, and the joint germination rate is 97.6%, treat that blastogenesis in 7 days is long neat, bud length after minority stem stalk is taken root, can be used for further cultivating seedling or directly transplanting about 2cm.