CN103267650A - Model test gravity field simulating device and method based on permanent magnet - Google Patents
Model test gravity field simulating device and method based on permanent magnet Download PDFInfo
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- CN103267650A CN103267650A CN2013101463792A CN201310146379A CN103267650A CN 103267650 A CN103267650 A CN 103267650A CN 2013101463792 A CN2013101463792 A CN 2013101463792A CN 201310146379 A CN201310146379 A CN 201310146379A CN 103267650 A CN103267650 A CN 103267650A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a model test gravity field simulating device and method based on a permanent magnet. The device comprises a gravity field simulating platform and a core magnetic field generator, wherein the core magnetic field generator comprises a direct current power supply, a permanent magnet barrel-shaped magnet and gradient field coils, and the gradient field coils include an A gradient field coil and a B gradient field coil; the permanent magnet barrel-shaped magnet, the A gradient field coil and the B gradient field coil are fixed coaxially, both the A gradient field coil and the B gradient field coil are arranged outside the permanent magnet barrel-shaped magnet in a sleeved mode, a gap exists between the A gradient field coil and the B gradient field coil in the axial direction, and the A gradient field coil and the B gradient field coil generate current fields same in size and opposite in direction when powered on. Based on the principle of field similarity and by the utilization of similarity of an electromagnetic field and a gravity field, the model test gravity field simulating device and method based on the permanent magnet simulates the gravity field through a superimposed field of the self gravity field and the electromagnetic field to which magnetism-sensitive rock-soil body similar materials are subjected in an uniform gradient magnetic field and thus achieves effect of simulating a n-times gravity field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of model test gravity field analogue means and method based on permanent magnet, belong to Geotechnical Engineering magnetic Gravity Models experimental technique.
Background technology
The Geotechnical Engineering model test is specific engineering geological problems to be carried out reduced scale so that a kind of method of experimental study according to the principle of similitude, has been widely used for studying deformation form, stability safety and failure mechanism etc. under the structure outer load effects such as various buildingss and ground thereof, underground chamber, high slope at present.The Geotechnical Engineering model test is the construction technology of model engineering preferably, and the mode of action of load and time effect etc., the stressed overall process of energy research engineering.Conventional Geotechnical Engineering model test is in 1 times gravity field, by geometric similarity former molded dimension is dwindled n and doubly carries out simulation test, obtains than ten-strike in the research of hard brittle material simulation test.But for the simulation soil body material, because in the traditional gravity field, the stress level of each point is more much lower than prototype in the model, and many stress-strain relations of the soil body particularly nonlinear dependence tie up in the model and can not obtain real embodiment.
Geotechnical centrifugal model test is based on the principle with centrifugal intertia force field stimulation gravity field, by the centrifugal intertia force that is applied on the model unit weight of model is become big, thereby the stress of each point in the model and prototype are reached unanimity, and this characteristics make between centrifugal model and the conventional model test and have produced essential difference.Geotechnical centrifugal model test has built up various large geotechnical centrifuges both at home and abroad at present having obtained qualitative leap aspect reduction test difficulty and the raising test findings reliability.Yet owing to the acceleration of the hydro-extractor model distance along with the distance rotation axis changes, the line of force direction that simulates is not parallel to each other, and simultaneously, the Coriolis acceleration that produces in the reinforced process also can cause the centrifugal model error.
The new model of Geotechnical Engineering model investigation is mainly concentrated simulation aspect on the scene at present, reference utilizes the principle of external force field simulated gravity field, utilize a similarity theory that Geotechnical Engineering model test technology is carried out more deep discussion and research, seeking more advanced means and technology is very necessary to the development of Geotechnical Engineering model test theory.Wherein Geotechnical Engineering magnetic Gravity Models test is exactly that of newly-developed can simulate the test method of n times of gravity field preferably, its central principle is exactly the similarity according to electromagnetic force field and gravity field, and the electromagnetic force field that the magnetosensitive analog material is subjected in the electromagnetic field environment of the high uniform gradient of high strength is simulated n gravity field doubly.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of model test gravity field analogue means and method based on permanent magnet, this device can provide high strength uniform magnetic field and the superimposed gravity field simulated environment of high gradient electromagnetic field, place the gravity field simulated environment that obtains by the model table that the magnetosensitive analog material is made, n times of gravity field simulated in the electromagnetic force field that is subjected to by the magnetosensitive analog material and the stack of material self gravitation field then.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Model test gravity field analogue means based on permanent magnet comprises gravity field simulation table and core magnetic field generator;
Described core magnetic field generator comprises direct supply, permanent magnet tubular magnet and gradient field coil, and described gradient field coil comprises A gradient field coil and B gradient field coil; Described permanent magnet tubular magnet, A gradient field coil and B gradient field coil are coaxial fixing, and A gradient field coil and B gradient field coil all are set in that permanent magnet tubular magnet is outer, there are the gap in the axial direction in A gradient field coil and B gradient field coil; Described direct supply is electrically connected by lead with A gradient field coil and B gradient field coil, and the A gradient field coil has the current field that size is identical, direction is opposite with the B gradient field coil during energising;
Described gravity field simulation table comprises loaded seat and support, and described loaded seat is fixed on permanent magnet cartridge type magnet inside bottom, and described core magnetic field generator is rack-mount.
Concrete, described support comprises gradient field coil fixed bin and nylon rod pillar, described gradient field coil fixed bin comprises A gradient field coil fixed bin and B gradient field coil fixed bin; The A through hole of adaptive permanent magnet tubular magnet is offered at described A gradient field coil fixed bin middle part, and described A through hole madial wall is provided with the A groove of adaptive A gradient field coil; The B through hole of adaptive permanent magnet tubular magnet is offered at described B gradient field coil fixed bin middle part, and described B through hole madial wall is provided with the B groove of adaptive B gradient field coil; Described A gradient field coil is installed in the A groove, and described B gradient field coil is installed in the B groove, and the two ends of described permanent magnet tubular magnet are inserted in respectively in A through hole and the B through hole; Fix by the nylon rod pillar between described A gradient field coil fixed bin and the B gradient field coil fixed bin.Described gradient field coil fixed bin can and adopt high-strength solid gum to be bonded by epoxy resin board processing; The high-strength solid gum of preferred employing is adhesively fixed between nylon rod pillar and the gradient field coil fixed bin.
Preferably, described support is non-magnetosensitive material, such as adopting epoxy resin material sheet material as the gradient coil fixed bin.
Preferably, described permanent magnet tubular magnet is made by NdFeB magnetic powder, and the residual magnetic flux density of described NdFeB magnetic powder is not less than 9500Gs, and coercive force is not less than 2500Oe; The height of decision design permanent magnet tubular magnet is not less than 2.0 with the ratio of its mean diameter.
As prior art, the structure of band circular hole centered by A gradient field coil and B gradient field coil are equal, during specific design, can limit by following size: the measure-alike and end play between the two of A gradient field coil and B gradient field coil is for about 1.7 times of its mean radius, such as 1.73205 times of mean radiuss.Preferably, described A gradient field coil and B gradient field coil all are entwined by copper conductor as skeleton with glass-reinforced plastic material; Can carry out the making of A gradient field coil and B gradient field coil as follows: A gradient field coil and B gradient field coil by copper conductor by equidirectional in the radial and axial uniform winding of carrying out, like this, the A gradient field coil has the current field that size is identical, direction is opposite with the B gradient field coil in order to guarantee to switch on, when wiring, the A gradient field coil is connected by the lead differential concatenation and with the B direct supply with the B gradient field coil; Electric current evenly distributes along the cross section, and direction of current and rotational symmetry direction formation right-handed helix relation.
Preferably, described loaded seat is built by strong concrete and is formed, and described concrete strength is not less than C100, and curing age was not less than 30 days.
A kind of test method of the model test gravity field analogue means based on permanent magnet comprises the steps:
(1) input end with direct supply inserts the peripheral hardware power supply, output terminal is connected with the B gradient field coil with the A gradient field coil respectively;
(2) the core field region is that the interior loaded seat of permanent magnet cartridge type magnet is with top, serve as reasons axial uniform magnetic field and axial gradient magnetic field superposition of the intensity of core field region forms, and the output current size Control Shaft by regulating direct supply is to the gradient magnetic size;
(3) test model of being made by the magnetosensitive analog material is installed in gravity field simulation table core field region, and the installation testing sensor;
The output current value of (4) switch of unlatching direct supply, and adjusting direct supply is until producing needed magnetic field environment; This moment, the core field region possessed axial uniform magnetic field and axial gradient magnetic field simultaneously, and sample is subjected to electromagnetic force in the core field region and self gravitation superposes to simulate n times of gravity field;
(5) carry out correlation test, simultaneously the output current value of direct supply is monitored, guarantee that the magnetic field environment of core field region meets the demands all the time;
(6) after test is finished, the current output value of direct supply is adjusted to zero, closes the switch of direct supply then, take out sample, finish test.
In general, described direct supply is the adjustable direct supply of power frequency way of full-wave rectification.
Beneficial effect: model test gravity field analogue means and method based on permanent magnet provided by the invention, the prior art of comparing, possesses following advantage: can be widely used in the test of magnetic Gravity Models as core gravity field analogue means, permanent magnet cartridge type magnet produces stable and uniform high uniform magnetic field, can simulate the gravity field of different sizes simultaneously easily by the electric current of regulating gradient field coil; The core field region has high strength uniform magnetic field and high uniform gradient magnetic field, and high uniform gradient magnetic field can guarantee the similar of institute simulated gravity field and A/W field, can simulate higher gravity field simultaneously; The high strength uniform magnetic field can guarantee magnetosensitive analog material saturated magnetization in magnetic field environment of adopting, and can eliminate the magnetic field that produces because of material magnetization back to the interference in experimental enviroment magnetic field; Adopt static magnetic field simulated gravity field simultaneously, owing to rotating the construction simulation process difficulty that causes at a high speed, sensor is installed defectives such as difficulty when having overcome traditional centrifugal model test simulated gravity field well; By field of magnetic forece simulated gravity field, applying by the big or small moment of regulating electric current of gravity field finished, and overcome that centrifugal model test weight application field needs the certain hour section and the test error that causes; Adopt permanent magnet cartridge type magnet to produce the high strength uniform magnetic field, can produce constant high strength uniform magnetic field, overcome the gravity field simulation table that causes lead fusing to cause owing to the lead heating when adopting coil simulation high strength uniform magnetic field simultaneously and damaged.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of facing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is plan structure synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is side-looking structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is x-x sectional structure synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is y-y sectional structure synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is z-z sectional structure synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is p-p sectional structure synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Among the figure: 1, permanent magnet cartridge type magnet, 2A, A gradient field coil, 2B, B gradient field coil, 3, direct supply, 4, gravity field simulation table, 5A, A gradient field coil fixed bin, 5B, B gradient field coil fixed bin, 6, nylon rod pillar, 7, loaded seat, 8, lead.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further explanation.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, for a kind of model test gravity field analogue means based on permanent magnet, comprise gravity field simulation table 4 and core magnetic field generator.
Described core magnetic field generator comprises direct supply 3, permanent magnet tubular magnet 1 and gradient field coil, and described gradient field coil comprises A gradient field coil 2A and B gradient field coil 2B; Described permanent magnet tubular magnet 1, A gradient field coil 2A and B gradient field coil 2B are coaxial fixing, and A gradient field coil 2A and B gradient field coil 2B all are set in that permanent magnet tubular magnet is 1 outer, there are the gap in the axial direction in A gradient field coil 2A and B gradient field coil 2B; Described direct supply 3 is electrically connected by lead 8 with A gradient field coil 2A and B gradient field coil 2B, and A gradient field coil 2A has the current field that size is identical, direction is opposite with B gradient field coil 2B during energising.
Described permanent magnet tubular magnet 1 is made by NdFeB magnetic powder, and the residual magnetic flux density of described NdFeB magnetic powder is not less than 9500Gs, and coercive force is not less than 2500Oe; The height of permanent magnet tubular magnet 1 is not less than 2.0 with the ratio of its mean diameter, and permanent magnet cartridge type magnet 1 interior diameter is 500mm, and overall diameter is 900mm.
Described A gradient field coil 2A and B gradient field coil 2B press equidirectional by copper conductor and twine composition, and coil twines and all adopts glass-reinforced plastic material as skeleton, to guarantee the physical strength of coil; The A gradient field coil is measure-alike with the B gradient field coil, have identical copper conductor twines the number of turn, its internal diameter is 905mm, and external diameter is 1205mm, and it highly is 200mm that copper conductor twines, end play between A gradient field coil and the B gradient field coil is 1.73205 times of its mean radius, i.e. 914mm.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, permanent magnet cartridge type magnet 1 produces high uniform magnetic field at the core field region, simultaneously can be by regulating the big or small size of regulating core field region magnetic field gradient of electric current output of direct supply 3, the vertical magnetic field of described core field region has higher linear gradient and higher uniform magnetic field, radial magnetic field size basically identical; Here, design direct supply 3 is the adjustable direct supply of power frequency way of full-wave rectification; Core field region uniform magnetic field size as shown in the table and gradient magnetic size and direct supply electric current output corresponding relation.
Table 1 core field region uniform magnetic field size and gradient magnetic size and direct supply electric current output corresponding relation
Described loaded seat 7 is built by strong concrete and is formed, and described concrete strength is not less than C100, and curing age was not less than 30 days; Its diameter is slightly less than the internal diameter of permanent magnet tubular magnet 1, is specially diameter 480mm, height 250mm.
Described gravity field simulation table 4 comprises support, and described core magnetic field generator and core testing table are installed on the support; Described support comprises gradient field coil fixed bin and nylon rod pillar 6, and described gradient field coil fixed bin comprises A gradient field coil fixed bin 5A and B gradient field coil fixed bin 5B; Described A gradient field coil fixed bin 5A offers at the middle part A through hole of adaptive permanent magnet tubular magnet 1, and described A through hole madial wall is provided with the A groove of adaptive A gradient field coil 2A; Described B gradient field coil fixed bin 5B offers at the middle part B through hole of adaptive permanent magnet tubular magnet 1, and described B through hole madial wall is provided with the B groove of adaptive B gradient field coil 2B; Described A gradient field coil 2A is installed in the A groove, and described B gradient field coil 2B is installed in the B groove, and the two ends of described permanent magnet tubular magnet 1 are inserted in respectively in A through hole and the B through hole; Adopt high-strength solid gum to be adhesively fixed by nylon rod pillar 6 between described A gradient field coil fixed bin 5A and the B gradient field coil fixed bin 5B.Here, the gradient field coil fixed bin is by epoxy resin board processing and adopt high-strength solid gum to be bonded, and in order to guarantee enough physical strengths, more than the described epoxy resin plate thickness 8mm, the degree of depth of A groove and B groove is not more than 3mm; Be the physical strength that guarantees to connect, the diameter of nylon rod pillar 6 is not less than 80mm, and length will guarantee that the spacing between A gradient field coil 2A and the B gradient field coil 2B satisfies the erecting shop distance, is 1.73205 times of mean radiuss.
A kind of test method of the model test gravity field analogue means based on permanent magnet comprises the steps:
(1) input end with direct supply 3 inserts peripheral hardware 220V power supply, output terminal is connected with B gradient field coil 2B with A gradient field coil 2A respectively;
(2) the core field region is that permanent magnet cartridge type magnet 1 interior loaded seat 7 is with top, serve as reasons axial uniform magnetic field and axial gradient magnetic field superposition of the intensity of core field region forms, and the output current size Control Shaft by regulating direct supply 3 is to the gradient magnetic size;
(3) test model of being made by the magnetosensitive analog material is installed in gravity field simulation table core field region, and the installation testing sensor;
The output current value of (4) switch of unlatching direct supply 3, and adjusting direct supply 3 is until producing needed magnetic field environment; The adjusting of electric current can be carried out according to table 1; This moment, the core field region possessed axial uniform magnetic field and axial gradient magnetic field simultaneously, and sample is subjected to electromagnetic force in the core field region and self gravitation superposes to simulate n times of gravity field;
(5) carry out correlation test, simultaneously the output current value of direct supply 3 is monitored, guarantee that the magnetic field environment of core field region meets the demands all the time;
(6) after test is finished, the current output value of direct supply 3 is adjusted to zero, closes the switch of direct supply 3 then, take out sample, finish test.
The high strength uniform magnetic field intensity of described core field region is produced by permanent magnet cartridge type magnet 1, and high uniform gradient magnetic field is exported to control by the electric current of regulating described direct supply 3.
The above only is preferred implementation of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. based on the model test gravity field analogue means of permanent magnet, it is characterized in that: comprise gravity field simulation table (4) and core magnetic field generator;
Described core magnetic field generator comprises direct supply (3), permanent magnet tubular magnet (1) and gradient field coil, and described gradient field coil comprises A gradient field coil (2A) and B gradient field coil (2B); Described permanent magnet tubular magnet (1), A gradient field coil (2A) and B gradient field coil (2B) are coaxial fixing, and A gradient field coil (2A) and B gradient field coil (2B) all be set in permanent magnet tubular magnet (1) outward, there is the gap in the axial direction in A gradient field coil (2A) and B gradient field coil (2B); Described direct supply (3) is electrically connected by lead (8) with A gradient field coil (2A) and B gradient field coil (2B), and A gradient field coil (2A) has the current field that size is identical, direction is opposite with B gradient field coil (2B) during energising;
Described gravity field simulation table (4) comprises loaded seat (7) and support, and described loaded seat (7) is fixed on permanent magnet cartridge type magnet (1) inside bottom, and described core magnetic field generator is rack-mount.
2. the model test gravity field analogue means based on permanent magnet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described support comprises gradient field coil fixed bin and nylon rod pillar (6), and described gradient field coil fixed bin comprises A gradient field coil fixed bin (5A) and B gradient field coil fixed bin (5B); The A through hole of adaptive permanent magnet tubular magnet (1) is offered at described A gradient field coil fixed bin (5A) middle part, and described A through hole madial wall is provided with the A groove of adaptive A gradient field coil (2A); The B through hole of adaptive permanent magnet tubular magnet (1) is offered at described B gradient field coil fixed bin (5B) middle part, and described B through hole madial wall is provided with the B groove of adaptive B gradient field coil (2B); Described A gradient field coil (2A) is installed in the A groove, and described B gradient field coil (2B) is installed in the B groove, and the two ends of described permanent magnet tubular magnet (1) are inserted in respectively in A through hole and the B through hole; Fixing by nylon rod pillar (6) between described A gradient field coil fixed bin (5A) and the B gradient field coil fixed bin (5B).
3. the model test gravity field analogue means based on permanent magnet according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described gradient field coil fixed bin is epoxy resin board material material.
4. the model test gravity field analogue means based on permanent magnet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described permanent magnet tubular magnet (1) is made by NdFeB magnetic powder, the residual magnetic flux density of described NdFeB magnetic powder is not less than 9500Gs, and coercive force is not less than 2500Oe.
5. the model test gravity field analogue means based on permanent magnet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described A gradient field coil (2A) and B gradient field coil (2B) all are entwined by copper conductor as skeleton with glass-reinforced plastic material.
6. the model test gravity field analogue means based on permanent magnet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described loaded seat (7) is built by strong concrete and is formed, and described concrete strength is not less than C100, and curing age was not less than 30 days.
7. the test method of the model test gravity field analogue means based on permanent magnet according to claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) input end with direct supply (3) inserts the peripheral hardware power supply, output terminal is connected with B gradient field coil (2B) with A gradient field coil (2A) respectively;
(2) the core field region is that the interior loaded seat of permanent magnet cartridge type magnet (1) (7) is with top, serve as reasons axial uniform magnetic field and axial gradient magnetic field superposition of the intensity of core field region forms, and the output current size Control Shaft by regulating direct supply (3) is to the gradient magnetic size;
(3) test model of being made by the magnetosensitive analog material is installed in gravity field simulation table core field region, and the installation testing sensor;
(4) switch of unlatching direct supply (3), and the output current value of adjusting direct supply (3) is until producing needed magnetic field environment; This moment, the core field region possessed axial uniform magnetic field and axial gradient magnetic field simultaneously, and sample is subjected to electromagnetic force in the core field region and self gravitation superposes to simulate n times of gravity field;
(5) carry out correlation test, simultaneously the output current value of direct supply (3) is monitored, guarantee that the magnetic field environment of core field region meets the demands all the time;
(6) after test is finished, the current output value of direct supply (3) is adjusted to zero, the switch of cutting out direct supply (3) then takes out sample, finishes test.
8. the test method of the model test gravity field analogue means based on permanent magnet according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described direct supply (3) is the adjustable direct supply of power frequency way of full-wave rectification.
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| CN110356596A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-10-22 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of device using magnetic compensation method simulation fluid microgravity environment |
| CN111576328A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-08-25 | 华北水利水电大学 | Utilize magnetic field force to change laboratory bench of gelatinization sand gravel dam model test piece unit weight |
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| CN110356596A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-10-22 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of device using magnetic compensation method simulation fluid microgravity environment |
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| CN111751072A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-10-09 | 东南大学 | Electromagnetic excitation hypergravity shaking table simulation device and simulation method |
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