CN111751072A - Electromagnetic excitation hypergravity shaking table simulation device and simulation method - Google Patents
Electromagnetic excitation hypergravity shaking table simulation device and simulation method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/022—Vibration control arrangements, e.g. for generating random vibrations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/06—Multidirectional test stands
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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Abstract
The invention provides an electromagnetic excitation hypergravity shaking table simulation device and a simulation method, wherein the simulation device comprises an electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system, a shaking table system and an operating system; the vibration table system is arranged in the middle of the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system, the axis of the vibration table system is superposed with the axis of the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system, and the operating system consists of a power supply and a computer; the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system comprises a Helmholtz coil, a high-strength acrylic plate frame and supporting legs; the Helmholtz coils are a pair of coaxial coils with the distance equal to the radius of the upper coil and the lower coil, the upper coil and the lower coil are connected in series by a lead, the two coils are consistent in the magnetic field direction along the axis direction after current is input, uniform magnetic fields parallel to the axis are generated in the middle area after the two coils are mutually overlapped, the upper coil and the lower coil are sealed by the high-strength acrylic plate frame, and the supporting legs are positioned at the bottom of the high-strength acrylic plate frame. The device can quickly and effectively realize the supergravity and vibration table simulation of geotechnical engineering at the same time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of civil engineering test, in particular to an electromagnetic excitation hypergravity vibration table simulation device and a simulation method.
Background
Due to the fact that earthquakes involve large-scale geotechnical engineering problems, soil layer responses, structural dynamic deformation and the like caused by the earthquakes are difficult to obtain through field tests, and generally, the coming of the earthquakes is difficult to predict in advance and monitoring work is difficult to perform in advance. The indoor vibration table test can effectively observe dynamic response of soil and a structural body under the action of earthquake by simulating earthquake load through mechanical force, and becomes the most effective device in the field of civil engineering earthquake resistance. The vibration table test is divided into two types, one type is that the vibration table is directly matched with a reduced-scale test box body to simulate the seismic response of a soil body-structure object on a small scale (for example 1/20 of a prototype test size); the other type is that a scale vibration table model is placed in a hypergravity centrifuge to form a hypergravity centrifuge vibration table model, and the small-scale model is equivalent to the simulation of the prototype scale through the centrifugal force of high-speed rotation. The former is a scale model, so that the problem of size effect exists, and the test result often cannot accurately reflect the mechanical deformation characteristics of the actual model. The latter is also a scale model, but the effect of the supergravity (Ng, g is the normal gravity acceleration) generated by the centrifuge can be approximately equivalent to the size of the actual model. The hypergravity centrifuge shaker table test is therefore considered to be the seismic simulation tool that can best approach the real conditions. At present, colleges and universities at home and abroad establish own centrifuge devices or vibration table devices, and the centrifuge and the vibration table are also considered as two major devices in the field of civil engineering, particularly geotechnical engineering.
However, the problem that the supergravity centrifuge carries a vibration table to carry out earthquake simulation tests still exists unsolvable. Firstly, a hypergravity centrifugal machine forms centrifugal force to act on a test soil sample and a structure thereof through high-speed rotation, the test sample cannot be disturbed in the rotation and rotation stage of the centrifugal machine, and when the test soil sample and the structure thereof face the vibration test of a vibration table again, a simulation result is influenced; secondly, the centrifugal machine rotating at high speed affects the application of the vibration force of the vibration table, which causes the instability of the application of the vibration force, and similarly, the application of the vibration force of the vibration table affects the stability of the centrifugal force of the centrifugal machine. Thirdly, the centrifuge shaking table system can not intervene in the manual test often, and after the centrifuge rotates, the manipulator can only be controlled through a computer to carry out the development of the test content, so that the test efficiency is seriously influenced, and the operability is poor. The above problems all expose the shortcomings of the existing simulation device for the vibrating table of the centrifuge, and a new testing device is urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide an electromagnetic excitation hypergravity vibration table simulation device and a simulation method aiming at the defects of the prior art and fully combining the advantages of hypergravity simulation and vibration table simulation in solving geotechnical engineering test analysis.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides an electromagnetic excitation hypergravity shaking table simulation device, which comprises an electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system, a shaking table system and an operating system, wherein the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system is connected with the shaking table system through a communication network; the vibration table system is arranged in the middle of the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system, the axis of the vibration table system is overlapped with the axis of the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system, and the operating system consists of a power supply and a computer; the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system comprises a Helmholtz coil, a high-strength acrylic plate frame and supporting legs; the Helmholtz coils are a pair of coaxial coils with the distance equal to the radius of the upper coil and the lower coil, the upper coil and the lower coil are connected in series by a lead, the two coils are consistent in the magnetic field direction along the axis direction after current is input, uniform magnetic fields parallel to the axis are generated in the middle area after the two coils are mutually overlapped, the upper coil and the lower coil are sealed by the high-strength acrylic plate frame, and the supporting legs are positioned at the bottom of the high-strength acrylic plate frame.
Furthermore, the number of winding turns and the direction of copper wires of the upper coil and the lower coil are completely the same, and the number of winding turns of each coil is more than 100 turns.
Furthermore, the supporting legs are four plastic cylinders which are uniformly distributed and have the same size.
Further, the vibration table system comprises a laminated shearing box, an elastic rod and a bidirectional vibration table; the laminated shear box is formed by laminating a plurality of square frames, each square frame is provided with a circular through hole, an elastic rod penetrates through the circular through hole on each square frame to string the plurality of square frames into the laminated shear box, soil samples mixed with magnetic powder are filled in the laminated shear box, and the laminated shear box and the elastic rod of the laminated shear box are made of non-metal materials and are not allowed to be magnetized.
Further, the length of the side of the square frame is smaller than the radius of the upper coil and the lower coil.
Furthermore, the power supply adopts a power supply with changeable current for changing the magnetic field intensity between the upper coil and the lower coil.
A method for simulating an electromagnetically-excited hypergravity vibrating table by using the electromagnetically-excited hypergravity vibrating table simulation device comprises the following steps:
(1) and preparing a test soil sample mixed with magnetic powder, loading the test soil sample into a laminated shearing box, and arranging required test sensors.
(2) Placing the laminated shearing box filled with the soil sample mixed with the magnetic powder into the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system, enabling the axis of the laminated shearing box to be superposed with the central axes of the upper coil and the lower coil of the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system, and enabling the bottom plane of the laminated shearing box to be flush with the lower coil of the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system;
(3) checking the wiring condition of a lead of the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system, sequentially starting a power supply and a computer to enable the power supply to output initial constant current, enabling an upper coil and a lower coil to generate a uniform magnetic field after being electrified, and electrifying for a certain time until magnetic powder in the laminated shearing box is completely saturated and magnetized;
(4) entering a supergravity simulation link: changing the current of a power supply according to the size of a required target hypergravity field, wherein the sample in the laminated shear box can be acted by vertically downward magnetic force under the condition of coil current gradient transformation, and the larger the magnetic force is, the larger the simulated hypergravity field is;
(5) entering a shaking table simulation link: under the condition of keeping the stability of the hypergravity field, starting a vibration table system, wherein the vibration table can simulate power input with different frequency amplitudes and different duration, and the lamination shearing box generates periodic horizontal circulating shearing deformation under the action of the bidirectional vibration table, so that test data can be acquired;
(6) the computer monitors and collects the test data in real time, and the test design can be adjusted in real time according to the change of the monitored data in the test process;
(7) after the test is finished, the computer and the power supply are sequentially turned off, the test platform is cleaned, and the electromagnetic excitation supergravity vibration table device is kept dry and tidy.
Further, according to the method for simulating the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity vibrating table, the test data comprise the state change of the sample under the vibration condition, the soil-structure dynamic interaction and the earthquake resistance simulation of the underground structure.
Has the advantages that: the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity shaking table simulation device provided by the invention has the following remarkable progress: the problem of mutual interference when the hypergravity centrifugal machine device that exists for a long time and the shaking table device are used in a combined mode is solved, the integrated hypergravity shaking table simulation device based on the electromagnetic principle is formed, the hypergravity field generated by the device is stable, manual intervention can be conducted in the test process often, the operation is simple, and the popularization and the use are easy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electromagnetic excitation hypergravity shaking table simulation apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a Helmholtz coil constructed with upper and lower coils;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of an electromagnetically excited hypergravity vibration table system;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of the power supply to control the magnetic field strength.
In the figure: the system comprises an electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system, a 2 vibration table system, a 3 upper coil, a 4 lower coil, 5 supporting feet, a 6 outer frame, a 7 lead, an 8 laminated shear box, a 9 bidirectional vibration table, a 10 elastic rod, a 11 power supply, a 12 connecting lead and a 13 computer.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
Example (b): an electromagnetic excitation hypergravity shaking table simulation device is shown in figure 1 and comprises an electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system 1, a shaking table system 2 and an operation system. Electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system 1 comprises coil 3, lower coil 4, supporting legs 5 and outer frame 6, shaking table system 2 comprises stromatolite shearing box 8, two-way shaking table 9 and elastic rod 10, operating system comprises power supply 11 and computer 13.
As shown in fig. 2, the upper coil 3 and the lower coil 4 have the same specification, are a pair of coaxial coils with the mutual distance equal to the coil radius, and are connected in series by a middle conducting wire 7 to form a helmholtz coil, and the magnetic fields of the two electrified coils are superposed to generate a uniform magnetic field inside. The winding turns and the direction of the copper wires of the upper coil 3 and the lower coil 4 are the same, and the winding turns of each coil are more than 100 turns.
The outer frame 6 is a frame made of a high-strength acrylic plate, plays a role in protecting and fixing the upper coil 3 and the lower coil 4, and is not conductive and can not be magnetized.
As shown in fig. 3, the vibration table system 2 is built in the middle of the electromagnetically excited supergravity system 1, and its axis coincides with the central axis of the upper and lower coils 3 and 4. The lamination shear box 8 is formed by laminating a plurality of square frames, and the long beards of the sides of the square frames are smaller than the radius sizes of the upper coil 3 and the lower coil 4. The frame is provided with a circular through hole, the elastic rod 10 penetrates through the circular through hole to string a plurality of combined frames into a model box, and the laminated shearing box 8 can generate horizontal vibration shearing deformation under the constraint action of the elastic rod 10. The stack shear box 8 and its flexible rods 10 must be of a non-metallic material and not allowed to be magnetized.
In addition, the laminated shearing box 8 is internally provided with a soil sample mixed with magnetic powder, and after the magnetic powder is completely saturated and magnetized, the magnetic force action vertically downwards can be obtained under the condition of the change of the gradient magnetic field intensity, so that the supergravity environment is simulated. As shown in fig. 4, the power supply 11 can change the magnetic field intensity between the upper and lower coils 3 and 4 by changing the current magnitude.
The method for simulating the electromagnetically-excited hypergravity shaking table by using the electromagnetically-excited hypergravity shaking table simulation device is as follows, as shown in figure 1:
(1) according to the test requirement, a test soil sample mixed with magnetic powder is prepared and loaded into the laminated shearing box 8, and required test sensors are arranged.
(2) After the test sample is prepared, the laminated shearing box 8 is placed into the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system 1, the axis of the laminated shearing box is overlapped with the central axes of the upper coil 3 and the lower coil 4 of the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system 1, and the bottom plane of the laminated shearing box 8 is aligned with the lower coil 4 of the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system 1.
(3) Checking the wiring condition of a connecting wire 12 between the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system 1 and the power supply system, and sequentially starting the power supply 11 and the computer 13 to enable the power supply 11 to output initial constant current. The upper and lower coils 3 and 4 generate a uniform magnetic field after being electrified, and the electrification lasts for a certain time until the magnetic powder in the laminated shear box 8 is completely saturated and magnetized.
(4) Entering a supergravity simulation link: the current of the power supply 11 is changed according to the required size of the target hypergravity field, the sample in the laminated shear box 8 can be acted by the vertically downward magnetic force under the condition of coil current gradient transformation, and the larger the magnetic force is, the larger the simulated hypergravity field is.
(5) Entering a shaking table simulation link: and under the condition of keeping the stability of the supergravity field, starting the vibration table system 2, wherein the vibration table can simulate power input with different frequency amplitudes and different duration. The laminated shearing box 8 generates periodic horizontal circulating shearing deformation under the action of the bidirectional vibration table 9, so that the state change of the sample under the vibration condition and other related test contents (such as soil-structure dynamic interaction, earthquake-resistant performance simulation of an underground structure and the like) can be acquired.
(6) The computer 13 monitors and collects the test data in real time, and the test design can be adjusted in real time according to the change of the monitored data in the test process.
(7) After the test is finished, the computer 13 and the power supply 11 are sequentially turned off, the test platform is cleaned, and the electromagnetic excitation supergravity vibration table device is kept dry and tidy.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an electromagnetic excitation hypergravity shaking table analogue means which characterized in that: the system comprises an electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system, a vibration table system and an operating system; the vibration table system is arranged in the middle of the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system, the axis of the vibration table system is overlapped with the axis of the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system, and the operating system consists of a power supply and a computer; the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system comprises a Helmholtz coil, a high-strength acrylic plate frame and supporting legs; the Helmholtz coils are a pair of coaxial coils with the distance equal to the radius of the upper coil and the lower coil, the upper coil and the lower coil are connected in series by a lead, the two coils are consistent in the magnetic field direction along the axis direction after current is input, uniform magnetic fields parallel to the axis are generated in the middle area after the two coils are mutually overlapped, the upper coil and the lower coil are sealed by the high-strength acrylic plate frame, and the supporting legs are positioned at the bottom of the high-strength acrylic plate frame.
2. The electromagnetic excitation hypergravity shaking table simulation apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the number of winding turns and the direction of copper wires of the upper coil and the lower coil are completely the same, and the number of winding turns of each coil is larger than 100 turns.
3. The electromagnetic excitation hypergravity shaking table simulation apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the supporting legs are four plastic cylinders which are uniformly distributed and have the same size.
4. The electromagnetic excitation hypergravity shaking table simulation apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the vibration table system comprises a laminated shearing box, an elastic rod and a bidirectional vibration table; the laminated shear box is formed by laminating a plurality of square frames, each square frame is provided with a circular through hole, an elastic rod penetrates through the circular through hole on each square frame to string the plurality of square frames into the laminated shear box, soil samples mixed with magnetic powder are filled in the laminated shear box, and the laminated shear box and the elastic rod of the laminated shear box are made of non-metal materials and are not allowed to be magnetized.
5. The electromagnetically-excited hypergravity shaking table simulation apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the length of the side of the square frame is smaller than the radius of the upper coil and the lower coil.
6. The electromagnetic excitation hypergravity shaking table simulation apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the power supply adopts a power supply with changeable current magnitude to change the magnetic field intensity between the upper coil and the lower coil.
7. A method of electromagnetically excited hypergravity vibrostand simulation using the electromagnetically excited hypergravity vibrostand simulation apparatus of any of claims 1 to 6, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a test soil sample mixed with magnetic powder, loading the test soil sample into a laminated shearing box, and laying required test sensors;
(2) placing the laminated shearing box filled with the soil sample mixed with the magnetic powder into the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system, enabling the axis of the laminated shearing box to be superposed with the central axes of the upper coil and the lower coil of the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system, and enabling the bottom plane of the laminated shearing box to be flush with the lower coil of the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system;
(3) checking the wiring condition of a lead of the electromagnetic excitation hypergravity system, sequentially starting a power supply and a computer to enable the power supply to output initial constant current, enabling an upper coil and a lower coil to generate a uniform magnetic field after being electrified, and electrifying for a certain time until magnetic powder in the laminated shearing box is completely saturated and magnetized;
(4) entering a supergravity simulation link: changing the current of a power supply according to the size of a required target hypergravity field, wherein the sample in the laminated shear box can be acted by vertically downward magnetic force under the condition of coil current gradient transformation, and the larger the magnetic force is, the larger the simulated hypergravity field is;
(5) entering a shaking table simulation link: under the condition of keeping the stability of the hypergravity field, starting a vibration table system, wherein the vibration table can simulate power input with different frequency amplitudes and different duration, and the lamination shearing box generates periodic horizontal circulating shearing deformation under the action of the bidirectional vibration table, so that test data can be acquired;
(6) the computer monitors and collects the test data in real time, and the test design can be adjusted in real time according to the change of the monitored data in the test process;
(7) after the test is finished, the computer and the power supply are sequentially turned off, the test platform is cleaned, and the electromagnetic excitation supergravity vibration table device is kept dry and tidy.
8. The method of electromagnetic excitation hypergravity shaking table simulation of claim 7, wherein: the test data comprises the state change of the sample under the vibration condition, the soil-structure dynamic interaction and the earthquake-resistant performance simulation of the underground structure.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112485106A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-03-12 | 浙江大学 | Physical model layered preparation and test method for controlling soil body state parameters |
| CN113109194A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-07-13 | 上海新力动力设备研究所 | Test method and system for generating mechanical excitation through electromagnetic driving |
| CN114755117A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-07-15 | 西南交通大学 | Multidirectional dynamic shear test system and method for soil-rock mixture based on vibration table |
| CN117388088A (en) * | 2023-10-26 | 2024-01-12 | 深圳大学 | Ring shear test device and method for sorting particle systems under microgravity or zero gravity |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113109194A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-07-13 | 上海新力动力设备研究所 | Test method and system for generating mechanical excitation through electromagnetic driving |
| CN114755117A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-07-15 | 西南交通大学 | Multidirectional dynamic shear test system and method for soil-rock mixture based on vibration table |
| CN117388088A (en) * | 2023-10-26 | 2024-01-12 | 深圳大学 | Ring shear test device and method for sorting particle systems under microgravity or zero gravity |
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Application publication date: 20201009 |