CN110356596B - Device for simulating fluid microgravity environment by using magnetic compensation method - Google Patents

Device for simulating fluid microgravity environment by using magnetic compensation method Download PDF

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CN110356596B
CN110356596B CN201910590096.4A CN201910590096A CN110356596B CN 110356596 B CN110356596 B CN 110356596B CN 201910590096 A CN201910590096 A CN 201910590096A CN 110356596 B CN110356596 B CN 110356596B
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coil
cooling water
fluid
magnetic field
magnetic
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CN110356596A (en
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黄永华
张泽宇
梁益涛
耑锐
汪彬
李江道
张亮
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
Shanghai Aerospace System Engineering Institute
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
Shanghai Aerospace System Engineering Institute
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    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64GCOSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G7/00Simulating cosmonautic conditions, e.g. for conditioning crews

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Abstract

The invention discloses a device for simulating a fluid microgravity environment by using a magnetic compensation method, which comprises a pair of outer coils, a pair of inner coils, a non-magnetic stainless steel L-shaped folded plate, a main body bracket, an x-y-z triaxial displacement table, a dynamometer, a positioning concentric circular plate, a first excitation power supply, a second excitation power supply, a constant-temperature water tank, a square-section hollow purple copper wire, a cooling water busbar and a cooling water pipe joint. The device utilizes the synthetic magnetic field of a uniform magnetic field and a uniform gradient magnetic field respectively generated by an inner electromagnetic coil and an outer electromagnetic coil to apply magnetic field force opposite to gravity to the magnetic fluid at the central position of the coils, wherein the uniform magnetic field enables the magnetic fluid to reach a saturated magnetization state, and the uniform gradient magnetic field enables any point in the magnetic fluid to be subjected to the magnetic field force opposite to the gravity direction, so that the magnetic fluid reaches a microgravity state. The device has the advantages of low experimental cost, long maintenance time and stable and controlled performance.

Description

Device for simulating fluid microgravity environment by using magnetic compensation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for simulating a fluid microgravity environment by using a magnetic compensation method, in particular to a method for simulating the microgravity environment and performing a microgravity experiment by using a magnetic fluid on the ground.
Background
In the gravity environment of the ground, many heat transfer and flow phenomena are related to gravity and buoyancy lift. In the microgravity environment, due to lack of the combined action of gravity and buoyancy lift force, the natural convection phenomenon basically disappears, and the surface tension becomes the main acting force, thereby causing different influences on the heat transfer, flow and phase change characteristics of the fluid. The experimental study on the fluid microgravity state characteristics is carried out, and the first conditions are the experimental environment guarantee with long acquisition time, high stability, low cost and convenience for visual observation and measurement. In the past, experimental research on the thermal state of a fluid in a microgravity environment is basically realized through ways such as tower falling, airplane parabolic flight, sounding rocket, space shuttle and international space station, and the microgravity realization level of the technologies is high, but the problems of high cost, short duration of microgravity and the like exist, and the requirements of large-scale low-cost experiments on the ground are difficult to meet.
The research of the prior art finds that Li Qiang and the like utilize the magnetic fluid to research the experimental properties of the convective heat transfer in the paper 'experimental research of the convective heat transfer of the magnetic fluid under the action of the magnetic field', but the adopted magnet is a permanent magnet, the internal magnetic field intensity cannot be changed, uniform magnetic field force cannot be provided in a certain area, the research on microgravity is difficult to be suitable, and certain limitations are provided. In the patent related to realizing microgravity, for example, chinese patent CN201611038888.3, "apparatus for generating microgravity environment" describes a method for generating microgravity environment by using light guide, which does not use magnetic field and is only applicable to solid substance, and has no effect on simulating microgravity environment of fluid; the magnetic fluid device invented by CN201521001389.8 is a device for realizing magnetic fluid applied magnetic field force by using permanent magnets, and because the magnetic field force provided by the permanent magnets is very uneven, it is not suitable for microgravity research; the "space microgravity simulation experiment system" of chinese patent CN201210484568.6 describes a system for simulating microgravity environment by using free fall principle, but the method is limited by the falling height of the device, and can only provide microgravity experiment environment for several seconds, which is difficult to meet the requirements of microgravity experiment. Therefore, those skilled in the art are devoted to invent a magnetic compensation microgravity realizing device: magnetic fluid is used as an experimental medium, and two pairs of electrified coils are used as magnetic field generating devices to realize the compensation of the gravity of the magnetic fluid and obtain a real microgravity environment similar to a space orbit.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fluid microgravity experimental apparatus that is easy to implement, low-cost, repeatable, and capable of performing a microgravity environment on the ground for a long time.
In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides an apparatus for simulating a fluid microgravity environment using a magnetic compensation method, comprising a magnet system, a main body frame, a cooling circulation system, a power control system, and a magnetic force measurement system, wherein the magnet system is fixed on the main body frame by a non-magnetic stainless steel L-shaped folded plate, the power control system is connected to the magnet system, the magnetic force measurement system is detachably disposed in a central opening channel of the main body frame, the cooling circulation system is configured to supply cooling water into the magnet system,
the magnet system comprises an outer coil and an inner coil which are concentrically, coaxially, horizontally and parallelly arranged, the inner coil is positioned on the inner side of the outer coil, the diameter of the inner coil is smaller than that of the outer coil, the inner coil and the outer coil are both formed by winding square hollow purple copper wires with the same size,
the main body bracket comprises four supporting columns, an upper platform plate and a lower platform plate, the centers of the upper platform plate and the lower platform plate are both provided with holes, the upper platform and the lower platform are coaxial,
the cooling circulation system comprises a cooling water pipeline, a cooling water control valve and a constant temperature water tank, wherein one end of the cooling water pipeline is communicated with the constant temperature water tank, the other end of the cooling water pipeline is communicated with the magnet system through a cooling water bus bar, the cooling water bus bar is arranged above and below the magnet system, the cooling water control valve is arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the cooling water bus bar,
the power supply control system comprises a first excitation power supply and a second excitation power supply, the first excitation power supply is connected with the inner coil through a first cable, the second excitation power supply is connected with the outer coil through a second cable,
the magnetic field force measuring system comprises an x-y-z triaxial displacement platform, a dynamometer and a positioning concentric circular plate, wherein a force measuring rod is arranged below the dynamometer, the force measuring rod penetrates through a center hole of the positioning concentric circular plate, the dynamometer is installed on a reserved expansion installation surface of the x-y-z triaxial displacement platform, the x-y-z triaxial displacement platform is located above a main body support, and the x-y-z triaxial displacement platform is arranged to adjust the height, left, right, front and back positions of the dynamometer in the magnetic field force measuring system.
Furthermore, the inner coil comprises a first upper coil and a first lower coil which have the same size and the same number of turns and are wound in a mirror symmetry mode, the first upper coil and the first lower coil are coaxially and horizontally arranged in parallel, the first upper coil and the first lower coil are both fixed on the main body bracket through a non-magnetic stainless steel L-shaped folded plate in a suspended screwed mode, the first upper coil is positioned below the bottom surface of the upper platform plate, the first lower coil is positioned above the top surface of the lower platform plate, the directions of currents led into the first upper coil and the first lower coil are opposite,
further, the outer coil is including the size the same, the number of turns equals, winding method mirror symmetry's coil under coil and the second on the second, coil and the coaxial horizontal parallel arrangement of coil under the second on the second, coil and second are all set up to the spiro union through no magnetism stainless steel L type folded plate under coil and the second and fix on the main part support, the coil pastes the bottom surface at last landing slab on the second, the coil pastes the top surface at the landing slab under the second, the current direction that lets in coil and the second under the second is the same.
Further, the center diameter of the outer coil is 1.9 times of the center distance between the first upper coil and the first lower coil, and the center diameter of the inner coil is 1.09 times of the center distance between the second upper coil and the second lower coil.
Furthermore, the outer surface of the square-section hollow red copper wire is plated with a polyimide insulating layer, and the inner hollow channel of the square-section hollow red copper wire supplies water to flow.
Further, the wire winding of the hollow red copper of square cross section includes six connector lugs, six connector lug parallel arrangement, six connector lugs pass through the clamp plate to be fixed in on the main part support, the wire winding of coil is connected and is fixed in the upper landing plate on first upper coil and the second, the wire winding of coil is connected and is fixed in lower landing plate under first lower coil and the second, the wire winding is connected with first excitation power supply and second excitation power supply respectively through the cable conductor to the realization is to the power supply of coil.
Furthermore, the first excitation power supply and the second excitation power supply are both adjustable direct current power supplies, and the current value and the adjustment precision are determined according to the magnetic field intensity and the adjustment range and resolution of the gradient.
Furthermore, cooling water piping has included inlet channel and outlet conduit, and cooling water control valve includes two main valves and two upper portion control valves, and two main valves are located inlet channel and outlet conduit respectively, and two upper portion control valves are located the hollow passageway entrance on first upper coil and the second upper coil respectively.
Furthermore, a hook is arranged below the force measuring rod and is set as magnetic fluid which is hung in the bottle.
Furthermore, the x-y-z triaxial displacement table is fixed on the top surface of the upper platform plate, and the material of the x-y-z triaxial displacement table is non-magnetic material.
Furthermore, the material of the positioning concentric circular plate is polytetrafluoroethylene.
Technical effects
The invention realizes a low-cost and long-time fluid microgravity environment by utilizing the ferromagnetic property and the fluidity of the magnetic fluid, and can effectively solve the problems of high cost and short microgravity duration when other methods are utilized to carry out fluid microgravity experiments on the ground;
by arranging the upper and lower pairs of magnet coil structures, the outer coil provides a saturated uniform magnetic field, and the inner coil provides a gradient magnetic field, so that single-parameter adjustment is facilitated, and magnetic compensation force with larger space and higher uniformity can be provided;
a set of three-axis positioning and magnetic field force measuring device is embedded in the system, so that the magnetic fluid can be accurately positioned to the center of a magnetic compensation area, and the uniformity of a magnetic compensation microgravity environment is improved.
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of a cooling water bus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The device comprises an inner coil 1, an outer coil 2, a stainless steel L-shaped folded plate 3, a main body support 4, an x-y-z triaxial displacement table 5, a dynamometer 6, a positioning concentric circular plate 7, a first excitation power supply 8, a second excitation power supply 9, a constant-temperature water tank 10, a square-section hollow copper tube 11, a cable connector 12, a cooling water busbar 13, a cooling water pipe connector 14, a cooling water inlet channel 15, a cooling water outlet channel 16, a cooling water main valve 17 and an upper coil cooling water supply valve 18.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be more clearly and easily understood by referring to the drawings attached to the specification. The invention is capable of embodiments in many different forms
The scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein.
In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.
A device for simulating a fluid microgravity environment by using a magnetic compensation method, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, comprises a magnet system, a main body support 4, a cooling circulation system, a power supply control system and a magnetic field force measurement system. The magnet system consists of two pairs of independent coils, one pair of inner coils 1 and one pair of outer coils 2, providing a uniform gradient resultant magnetic field. The synthetic magnetic field makes the magnetic fluid reach a saturated magnetization state and simultaneously makes any point in the magnetic fluid receive the action of magnetic field force opposite to the gravity direction, thereby reaching a microgravity state. The pair of inner coils 1 and the pair of outer coils 2 are both two coils which have the same size and the same number of turns and are in mirror symmetry in a winding method, and the coils are coaxially arranged in parallel horizontally. The upper coil and the lower coil are fixed on the main body bracket 4 through the non-magnetic stainless steel L-shaped folded plate 3. The pair of inner coils 1 and the pair of outer coils 2 are concentrically, coaxially, horizontally and parallelly arranged, the diameter of the former is smaller than that of the latter, the former is positioned at the inner side of the latter and is formed by winding square section hollow purple copper wires 11 with the same size, and the hollow channels in the copper wires are used for efficiently cooling the coils after being electrified through water flow cooling. The outer surface of the square cross section hollow red copper wire 11 is plated with a polyimide insulating layer to ensure the insulation between the windings which are in contact with each other. The center diameter D2 of the pair of outer coils 2 is 1.9 times the distance H2 between the centers of the upper and lower coils, and the center diameter D1 of the pair of inner coils 1 is 1.09 times the distance H1 between the centers of the upper and lower coils. In this embodiment, the magnetic compensation region is a cylindrical region of Φ 40mm × 80mm centered at the inner center point of the inner and outer coils. When the magnetic field gradient of 0.8T/m is applied to the central point during working, the unevenness of gradient distribution is 5% in a cylindrical area of phi 40mm multiplied by 80 mm. The adopted magnetic fluid is a stable colloidal liquid formed by mixing magnetic solid particles with the diameter of less than 10 nanometers, base carrier liquid and surfactant. The magnetic field in the coil is formed by superposing the magnetic field generated by the pair of inner coils 1 and the magnetic field generated by the pair of outer coils 2, one pair of outer coils 2 consists of a pair of coils which are arranged up and down and have the same turns and the same current direction, and the other pair of inner coils 1 consists of a pair of coils which are arranged up and down and have the same turns and the opposite current direction.
The main body support 4 is composed of four pillars, an upper platform plate and a lower platform plate, and all materials are aluminum alloy materials. The centers of the upper platform plate and the lower platform plate are both provided with holes and are coaxial; various holes are arranged on the upper and lower platform plates and used for connecting and fixing the support posts, various pressure plates and the like through bolts.
The cooling circulation system comprises a cooling water pipeline, a cooling water control valve and a constant temperature water tank 10. The cooling water pipeline comprises a water inlet pipeline 15 and a water outlet pipeline 16, and meanwhile, cooling water collecting bars 13 are arranged above and below the magnet system, so that the cooling water is distributed, enters, is collected and is discharged, and the cooling water in the square-section hollow red copper wire 11 is completely communicated through the cooling water collecting bars 13. The cooling water control valves are composed of 2 cooling water control main valves 17 and 2 upper magnet cooling water control valves 18, and are respectively used for controlling the flow of cooling water at a water outlet and a water inlet and the flow of cooling water inside the two upper magnet coils. The constant temperature water tank 10 can provide refrigeration circulating water, and is communicated with the cooling water bus bar 13 through a hose to form a water circulation loop, so that the coil is cooled. In this embodiment, the cooling water circulation system should be turned on to control the temperature of the magnet system within 60 ℃ when the device is in operation.
The power control system consists of a cable interface 12 and two independently operating power supplies. Six connector lugs of each coil, which are provided with three square-section hollow red copper windings 11, are led out in an approximately parallel mode and fixed on the main body support 4 through a pressing plate after arrangement, the winding connectors of the two upper coils are fixed on an upper platform of the main body support, and the winding connectors of the two lower coils are fixed on a lower platform of the main body support 4. The wire winding connectors are respectively connected with two independent power supplies, namely a first excitation power supply 8 and a second excitation power supply 9, through cables so as to respectively supply power to the pair of inner coils 1 and the pair of outer coils 2, the two independent power supplies are both adjustable direct current power supplies, and the current value and the adjusting precision are determined according to the adjusting range and the resolution ratio of the magnetic field intensity and the gradient. Both power supplies are capable of providing a constant current of 0 to 150A.
The magnetic field force measuring system is composed of an x-y-z triaxial displacement platform 5, a dynamometer 6 and a positioning concentric circular plate 7, the dynamometer 6 can measure the gravity of an object hung on a lifting hook of the dynamometer, a hook is provided below the dynamometer, and a hook rod penetrates through a central hole of the positioning concentric circular plate 7 to ensure that the magnetofluid can be accurately positioned at the central position in a magnetic field. The whole dynamometer 6 is arranged on a reserved expansion installation surface of the x-y-z triaxial displacement table 5, so that the height, left, right, front and back positions of the dynamometer 6 in the system can be adjusted through the x-y-z triaxial displacement table 5. The positioning concentric circular plate 7 is provided with a small hole in the center, is integrally embedded into the opening of the upper platform plate of the main body bracket 4, can be detached and is used for keeping an insert from top to bottom centered and not swaying. The material is polytetrafluoroethylene.
When this experimental apparatus of ground simulation microgravity environment used, the course of operation was:
opening 4 manual control valves including two upper magnet cooling water control valves 18 and two cooling water control main valves 17, wherein cooling water forms a complete circulation loop in a magnet system, and under the action of pressure difference, the cooling water completely flows into the square-section hollow water-cooled copper wire 11 through a water inlet pipeline 15, a water outlet pipeline 16 and a cooling water busbar 13 to cool the whole magnet;
the positioning concentric circular plate 7 is placed in the upper center hole of the main body support 4, the force measuring rod of the dynamometer 6 penetrates through the center hole of the positioning concentric circular plate 7 to realize center positioning, the magnetic fluid sample bottle is suspended in the magnetic compensation area through the hook of the force measuring rod 6, the magnetic fluid is positioned in the center position of the magnetic compensation area by adjusting the x-y-z three-axis displacement table 5, and then current is switched on. Firstly, the currents of the pair of outer coils 2 are switched on, the currents are increased until the magnetic fluid reaches a magnetic saturation state, then the currents of the pair of inner coils 1 are switched on, and the currents are increased until the magnetic fluid reaches a set microgravity weight loss state. Through the steps, the weightlessness state of the magnetic fluid under the microgravity environment is simulated by utilizing the magnetic field force, so that a fluid experiment related to the microgravity environment is further carried out.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A device for simulating a fluid microgravity environment by using a magnetic compensation method is characterized by comprising a magnet system, a main body bracket, a cooling circulation system, a power supply control system and a magnetic field force measuring system, wherein the magnet system is fixed on the main body bracket through a nonmagnetic stainless steel L-shaped folded plate, the power supply control system is connected with the magnet system, the magnetic field force measuring system is detachably arranged in a central hole-opened channel of the main body bracket, the cooling circulation system is arranged for supplying cooling water into the magnet system,
the magnet system comprises an outer coil and an inner coil, the outer coil and the inner coil are concentrically, coaxially, horizontally and parallelly arranged, the inner coil is positioned on the inner side of the outer coil, the diameter of the inner coil is smaller than that of the outer coil, the inner coil and the outer coil are both formed by winding square-section hollow purple copper wires with the same size,
the main body bracket comprises four supporting columns, an upper platform plate and a lower platform plate, the centers of the upper platform plate and the lower platform plate are both provided with a hole opening channel, the upper platform plate and the lower platform plate are coaxial,
the cooling circulation system comprises a cooling water pipeline, a cooling water control valve and a constant temperature water tank, one end of the cooling water pipeline is communicated with the constant temperature water tank, the other end of the cooling water pipeline is communicated with the magnet system through a cooling water bus bar, the cooling water bus bar is arranged above and below the magnet system, the cooling water control valve is arranged at the inlet and outlet of the cooling water bus bar,
the power supply control system comprises a first excitation power supply and a second excitation power supply, the first excitation power supply is connected with the inner coil through a first cable, the second excitation power supply is connected with the outer coil through a second cable,
the magnetic field force measuring system comprises an x-y-z triaxial displacement table, a dynamometer and a positioning concentric circular plate, wherein a force measuring rod is arranged below the dynamometer, the force measuring rod is arranged to penetrate through a center hole of the positioning concentric circular plate, the dynamometer is installed on a reserved expansion installation surface of the x-y-z triaxial displacement table, the x-y-z triaxial displacement table is located above a main body support, and the x-y-z triaxial displacement table is arranged to adjust the height, left, right, front and back positions of the dynamometer in the magnetic field force measuring system.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inner coils comprise a first upper coil and a first lower coil which have the same size and the same number of turns and are wound in a mirror symmetry manner, the first upper coil and the first lower coil are coaxially, horizontally and parallelly arranged, the first upper coil and the first lower coil are both fixed on the main body bracket by the non-magnetic stainless steel L-shaped folded plate in a suspended and screwed manner, the first upper coil is located below the bottom surface of the upper platform plate, the first lower coil is located above the top surface of the lower platform plate, and currents led into the first upper coil and the first lower coil are opposite in direction,
the outer coil includes that the size is the same, the number of turns equals, winding method mirror symmetry's second coil and second lower coil, the second coil of going up with the coaxial horizontal parallel arrangement of coil under the second, the second coil of going up with the second coil all passes through no magnetism stainless steel L type folded plate is set up to the spiro union and fixes on the main part support, the second coil of going up pastes the bottom surface of upper landing plate, the second coil of going down pastes the top surface of lower landing plate, the second coil of going up with the second current direction that lets in under in the coil is the same.
3. The apparatus for simulating a fluid microgravity environment according to claim 2, wherein the outer coil has a center diameter 1.9 times the center distance between the first upper coil and the first lower coil, and the inner coil has a center diameter 1.09 times the center distance between the second upper coil and the second lower coil.
4. The apparatus for simulating a fluid microgravity environment according to claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the square-section hollow red copper wire is coated with a polyimide insulating layer, and the inner hollow channel of the square-section hollow red copper wire is provided for water to flow.
5. The apparatus for simulating a fluid microgravity environment according to claim 2, wherein the square cross-section hollow red copper wire comprises six connectors, the six connectors are arranged in parallel, the six connectors are fixed on the main body bracket through pressing plates, the wire winding connectors of the first upper coil and the second upper coil are fixed on the upper platform plate, the wire winding connectors of the first lower coil and the second lower coil are fixed on the lower platform plate, and the wire winding connectors are respectively connected with the first excitation power supply and the second excitation power supply through cables so as to supply power to the coils.
6. The apparatus for simulating a fluid microgravity environment according to claim 1, wherein the first excitation power supply and the second excitation power supply are both adjustable dc power supplies, and the current value and the adjustment accuracy are determined according to the adjustment range and resolution of the magnetic field strength and the gradient.
7. The apparatus for simulating a fluid microgravity environment according to claim 2, wherein the cooling water pipe comprises an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, the cooling water control valve comprises two main valves and two upper control valves, the two main valves are respectively located on the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, and the two upper control valves are respectively located at the inlets of the hollow passages of the first upper coil and the second upper coil.
8. The apparatus for simulating a fluid microgravity environment using magnetic compensation method according to claim 1, wherein a hook is provided under the force measuring rod, and the hook is configured to hang a magnetic fluid contained in a bottle.
9. The apparatus for simulating a fluid microgravity environment according to claim 1, wherein the x-y-z tri-axial displacement stage is fixed on the top surface of the upper platen, and the x-y-z tri-axial displacement stage is made of a non-magnetic material.
10. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the positioning concentric circular plate is made of teflon.
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