CN103265339A - Organic matrix for vegetable soilless seedling, and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic matrix for vegetable soilless seedling, and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103265339A CN103265339A CN2013101667003A CN201310166700A CN103265339A CN 103265339 A CN103265339 A CN 103265339A CN 2013101667003 A CN2013101667003 A CN 2013101667003A CN 201310166700 A CN201310166700 A CN 201310166700A CN 103265339 A CN103265339 A CN 103265339A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an organic matrix for vegetable soilless seedling, and a preparation method thereof, wherein the organic matrix is obtained by adopting organic waste to carry out a composting maturing fermentation treatment. During preparation of the organic matrix, 200-400 kg of non-maturing chicken manure is added to 1000 kg of licorice root residue, and every 20 cm thickness of the obtained mixture is sprayed with a fresh chicken manure mixed aqueous solution, such that water content of the licorice root residue achieves 60-70%; during a composting process, a stacking turning treatment is performed when a center temperature of the licorice root residue stack exceeds 65 DEG C while water is supplied; and when the residue stack temperature is the same as the ambient temperature, and does not rise, a color of the matrix is dark brown, and no odor is generated, matrix fermentation maturing is completed. With the present invention, based on environment protection and provision of good quality and low price localization matrix for markets, organic solid waste is adopted to produce diversified and harmless culture mediums so as to achieve recycled utilization of natural resources, provide a novel cheap soilless culture medium, and provide high economic benefits and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the cultivation technique without soil field, relate in particular to organic substrate of a kind of vegetables non-soil culture and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the big area promotion and application of cultivation technique without soil and hole plate seedling growth technology, the demand of horticulture ground substance is increased sharply.Matrix has consequence and Research Significance in greenhouse soilless culture and modern agriculture.In numerous organic matters, peat is to be generally believed best a kind of soilless culture organic matrix by countries in the world up to now, but because the regionality that peat distributes and non-renewable, a kind of novel organic culture substrate that replaces peat is all being sought in each department.
At present, utilizing organic waste to carry out the composting fermentative processing development of new organic substrate that becomes thoroughly decomposed is one of focus of soilless culture substrate research and development.In recent years; raising along with living standards of the people; the trade waste quantity discharged is but increasing gradually; bring immense pressure to environment protection; because waste does not carry out rational exploitation and utilization and has caused the wasting of resources to a certain extent yet; at this present situation; from environmental angle and for market provide super quality and competitive price localization matrix; utilize organic solid castoff to produce diversified, innoxious cultivation matrix; the reusable edible of realizing natural resources is the first-selected direction of soilless culture substrate selection, also is the focus of research.Can turn waste into wealth, open up a new approach for novel cheap soilless culture substrate is provided, have certain economic and social benefit simultaneously again.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides organic substrate of a kind of vegetables non-soil culture and preparation method thereof, be intended to solve the soilless culture organic matrix that prior art provides, the distributed areas of preparation cost height, preparation desired raw material are little, non-renewable, the problem that economy and social benefit are undesirable.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of organic substrate of vegetables non-soil culture, this organic substrate utilizes organic waste to carry out the composting fermentative processing of becoming thoroughly decomposed and obtains; Using method after this organic substrate becomes thoroughly decomposed: become thoroughly decomposed glycyrrhiza residue matrix and vermiculite or perlitic ratio are 1～4: 1.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of organic substrate of vegetables non-soil culture, this preparation method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 adds the chicken manure 200-400 kilogram that does not become thoroughly decomposed to 1000 kilograms of glycyrrhiza residues, and per 20 centimetres of thickness spray the aqueous solution that fresh chicken manure mixes, and make the glycyrrhiza residue water content reach 60-70%;
Step 2 in the composting process, is carried out turning when Radix Glycyrrhizae slag muck core temperature surpasses 65 ℃, keeps the skin wet simultaneously;
Step 3, no longer rise when the slag muck temperature is consistent with envrionment temperature, matrix color is chocolate, when not having peculiar smell, the substrate fermentation end of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
Further, glycyrrhiza residue is selected from the licorice slag of pharmaceutical factory.
Further, in step 1, glycyrrhiza residue piles cylindrical or bar buttress shape, and the glycyrrhiza residue stack height is at 1.2-1.4 rice.
Further, become thoroughly decomposed matrix and other matrix that step 3 is obtained are that 7: 3 mixed can be carried out grow seedlings of vegetable according to volume ratio, only water clear water whole seedling stage.
Further, the C/N ratio after the fermentation ends can be used to estimate the matrix rotten degree, when adding the chicken manure composting, and C/N≤15 o'clock, the expression compost becomes thoroughly decomposed.
Further, the toxicity of matrix can be judged and measure to biological indicator, checks organic rotten degree, mainly is the mensuration of germination index, and concrete implementation method is:
Get the following fresh sample distilled water in heap surface, pressed material-water ratio 1: 5,24 hours after-filtration of lixiviate, obtain vat liquor, get vat liquor 5ml and be added in the culture dish that is covered with 2 metafiltration paper, every culture dish is evenly put into 30 romaine lettuce seeds, be contrast with distilled water, each sample repeats for 3 times;
In 25 ℃ of incubators, cultivate after 48 hours, calculate percentage of germination and measure radicle length, calculate the germination index of seed then in order to following formula:
Further, when germination index＞50%, illustrate that matrix becomes thoroughly decomposed.
Organic substrate of vegetables non-soil culture provided by the invention and preparation method thereof, this organic substrate utilizes organic waste to carry out the composting fermentative processing of becoming thoroughly decomposed and obtains, when preparing this organic substrate, add the chicken manure 200-400 kilogram that does not become thoroughly decomposed to 1000 kilograms of glycyrrhiza residues, per 20 centimetres of thickness, spray the aqueous solution that fresh chicken manure mixes, make the glycyrrhiza residue water content reach 60-70%; In the composting process, carry out turning when Radix Glycyrrhizae slag muck core temperature surpasses 65 ℃, keep the skin wet simultaneously; No longer rise when the slag muck temperature is consistent with envrionment temperature, matrix color is chocolate, when not having peculiar smell, the substrate fermentation end of becoming thoroughly decomposed.The present invention from environmental angle and for market provide super quality and competitive price localization matrix, utilize organic solid castoff to produce diversified, innoxious cultivation matrix, realized the reusable edible of natural resources, for providing novel cheap soilless culture substrate to open up a new way, has higher economic and social benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is preparation method's the realization flow figure of the organic substrate of the vegetables non-soil culture that provides of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described in detail.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explaining the present invention, and be not used in and limit invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of organic substrate of vegetables non-soil culture, this organic substrate utilizes organic waste to carry out the composting fermentative processing of becoming thoroughly decomposed and obtains.
Fig. 1 shows preparation method's the realization flow of the organic substrate of the vegetables non-soil culture that the embodiment of the invention provides.
This preparation method may further comprise the steps:
Step S101 adds the chicken manure 200-400 kilogram that does not become thoroughly decomposed to 1000 kilograms of glycyrrhiza residues, and per 20 centimetres of thickness spray the aqueous solution that fresh chicken manure mixes, and make the glycyrrhiza residue water content reach 60-70%;
Step S102 in the composting process, carries out turning when Radix Glycyrrhizae slag muck core temperature surpasses 65 ℃, keeps the skin wet simultaneously;
Step S103, no longer rise when the slag muck temperature is consistent with envrionment temperature, matrix color is chocolate, when not having peculiar smell, the substrate fermentation end of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
In embodiments of the present invention, glycyrrhiza residue is selected from the licorice slag of pharmaceutical factory.
In embodiments of the present invention, in step S101, glycyrrhiza residue piles cylindrical or bar buttress shape, and the glycyrrhiza residue stack height is at 1.2-1.4 rice.
In embodiments of the present invention, become thoroughly decomposed matrix and other matrix that step S103 is obtained are that 7: 3 mixed can be carried out grow seedlings of vegetable according to volume ratio, only water clear water whole seedling stage.
In embodiments of the present invention, the C/N ratio after the fermentation ends can be used to estimate the matrix rotten degree, when adding the chicken manure composting, and C/N≤15 o'clock, the expression compost becomes thoroughly decomposed.
In embodiments of the present invention, the toxicity of matrix can be judged and measure to biological indicator, checks organic rotten degree, mainly is the mensuration of germination index, and concrete implementation method is:
Get the following fresh sample distilled water in heap surface, pressed material-water ratio 1: 5,24 hours after-filtration of lixiviate, obtain vat liquor, get vat liquor 5ml and be added in the culture dish that is covered with 2 metafiltration paper, every culture dish is evenly put into 30 romaine lettuce seeds, be contrast with distilled water, each sample repeats for 3 times;
In 25 ℃ of incubators, cultivate after 48 hours, calculate percentage of germination and measure radicle length, calculate the germination index of seed then in order to following formula:
In embodiments of the present invention, when germination index＞50%, illustrate that matrix becomes thoroughly decomposed.
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments application principle of the present invention is further described.
(1) glycyrrhiza residue is selected from the licorice slag of pharmaceutical factory;
(2) 1000 kilograms of glycyrrhiza residues add the chicken manure 200-400 kilogram that does not become thoroughly decomposed, glycyrrhiza residue piles cylindrical or bar buttress shape, and per 20 centimetres of thickness spray the aqueous solution that fresh chicken manure mixes, make the glycyrrhiza residue water content reach 60-70%, the glycyrrhiza residue stack height is at 1.2-1.4 rice;
(3) in the composting process, carry out turning when Radix Glycyrrhizae slag muck core temperature surpasses 65 ℃, keep the skin wet simultaneously;
(4) no longer rise when the heap temperature is consistent with envrionment temperature, matrix color is chocolate.Do not have peculiar smell, fermentation maturity finishes;
(5) the above-mentioned matrix of becoming thoroughly decomposed is mixed according to 7: 3 (V/V) with other matrix and can be carried out grow seedlings of vegetable, only waters clear water whole seedling stage;
One, the C/N ratio after the fermentation ends
C/N ratio after table 1 fermentation ends
It is generally acknowledged that full C is degraded to 38% when above, we can say that Benq's matter becomes thoroughly decomposed, can show that by table 1 these two processing matrix all become thoroughly decomposed.Secondly, C/N is than usually being used as a classical parameter estimating rotten degree.Usually, C/N is reduced to 18-20 than from initial 35-40 or higher (wood type waste), the expression compost becomes thoroughly decomposed, but for adding the chicken manure composting, C/N can lower (C/N≤15), so the C/N ratio of seeing these two processing from C/N ratio is at 10-14: between 1, meet the requirement of index.
Two, biological indicator is determined the degree of becoming thoroughly decomposed
The toxicity of matrix can be judged and measure to biological indicator, is a kind of very effective and direct method of the organic rotten degree of check.With reference to (Zueeoni, 1985; Ortega, 1996) method, slightly change.Mainly be the mensuration of germination index.Get the following fresh sample distilled water in heap surface, press 24 hours after-filtration of material-water ratio lixiviate in 1: 5, its stillness of night is vat liquor.Get vat liquor 5ml and be added in the culture dish that is covered with 2 metafiltration paper, every culture dish is evenly put into 30 romaine lettuce seeds, is contrast with distilled water, and each sample repeats for 3 times.In 25 ℃ of incubators, cultivate after 48 hours, calculate percentage of germination and measure radicle length, calculate the germination index of seed then in order to following formula:
Generally speaking, GI value＞50% just we can say that Benq's matter becomes thoroughly decomposed.When this experiment finished, measured each GI value of handling was as follows:
Each GI value of handling of table 2
Organic substrate of the vegetables non-soil culture that the embodiment of the invention provides and preparation method thereof, this organic substrate utilizes organic waste to carry out the composting fermentative processing of becoming thoroughly decomposed and obtains, when preparing this organic substrate, add the chicken manure 200-400 kilogram that does not become thoroughly decomposed to 1000 kilograms of glycyrrhiza residues, per 20 centimetres of thickness, spray the aqueous solution that fresh chicken manure mixes, make the glycyrrhiza residue water content reach 60-70%; In the composting process, carry out turning when Radix Glycyrrhizae slag muck core temperature surpasses 65 ℃, keep the skin wet simultaneously; No longer rise when the slag muck temperature is consistent with envrionment temperature, matrix color is chocolate, when not having peculiar smell, the substrate fermentation end of becoming thoroughly decomposed; The present invention from environmental angle and for market provide super quality and competitive price localization matrix, utilize organic solid castoff to produce diversified, innoxious cultivation matrix, realized the reusable edible of natural resources, for providing novel cheap soilless culture substrate to open up a new way, has higher economic and social benefit.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limiting the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the organic substrate of a vegetables non-soil culture is characterized in that, this organic substrate utilizes organic waste to carry out the composting fermentative processing of becoming thoroughly decomposed and obtains; Using method after this organic substrate becomes thoroughly decomposed: become thoroughly decomposed glycyrrhiza residue matrix and vermiculite or perlitic ratio are 1～4: 1.
2. the preparation method of the organic substrate of a vegetables non-soil culture is characterized in that, this preparation method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 adds the chicken manure 200-400 kilogram that does not become thoroughly decomposed to 1000 kilograms of glycyrrhiza residues, and per 20 centimetres of thickness spray the aqueous solution that fresh chicken manure mixes, and make the glycyrrhiza residue water content reach 60-70%;
Step 2 in the composting process, is carried out turning when Radix Glycyrrhizae slag muck core temperature surpasses 65 ℃, keeps the skin wet simultaneously;
Step 3, no longer rise when the slag muck temperature is consistent with envrionment temperature, matrix color is chocolate, when not having peculiar smell, the substrate fermentation end of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
3. the preparation method of the organic substrate of vegetables non-soil culture as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, glycyrrhiza residue is selected from the licorice slag of pharmaceutical factory.
4. the preparation method of the organic substrate of vegetables non-soil culture as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, in step 1, glycyrrhiza residue piles cylindrical or bar buttress shape, and the glycyrrhiza residue stack height is at 1.2-1.4 rice.
5. the preparation method of the organic substrate of vegetables non-soil culture as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, become thoroughly decomposed matrix and other matrix that step 3 is obtained are that 7: 3 mixed can be carried out grow seedlings of vegetable according to volume ratio, only water clear water whole seedling stage.
6. the preparation method of the organic substrate of vegetables non-soil culture as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the C/N ratio after the fermentation ends can be used to estimate the matrix rotten degree, when adding the chicken manure composting, and C/N≤15 o'clock, the expression compost becomes thoroughly decomposed.
7. the preparation method of the organic substrate of vegetables non-soil culture as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the toxicity of matrix can be judged and measure to biological indicator, checks organic rotten degree, mainly is the mensuration of germination index, and concrete implementation method is:
Get the following fresh sample distilled water in heap surface, pressed material-water ratio 1: 5,24 hours after-filtration of lixiviate, obtain vat liquor, get vat liquor 5ml and be added in the culture dish that is covered with 2 metafiltration paper, every culture dish is evenly put into 30 romaine lettuce seeds, be contrast with distilled water, each sample repeats for 3 times;
In 25 ℃ of incubators, cultivate after 48 hours, calculate percentage of germination and measure radicle length, calculate the germination index of seed then in order to following formula:
8. the preparation method of the organic substrate of vegetables non-soil culture as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, when germination index＞50%, illustrates that matrix becomes thoroughly decomposed.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104261958A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2015-01-07 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Leaf vegetable cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN106045595A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-10-26 | 厦门市江平生物基质技术股份有限公司 | Fertilization-free leaf vegetable cultivation organic medium |
| CN106316563A (en) * | 2015-07-11 | 2017-01-11 | 镇江贝思特有机活性肥料有限公司 | Rice seedling raising substrate produced from licorice root decoction dregs and preparation method thereof |
| CN108887141A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-27 | 来安县杭姑娘生态农业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of organic vegetable soilless culture medium |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104261958A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2015-01-07 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Leaf vegetable cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN106316563A (en) * | 2015-07-11 | 2017-01-11 | 镇江贝思特有机活性肥料有限公司 | Rice seedling raising substrate produced from licorice root decoction dregs and preparation method thereof |
| CN106045595A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-10-26 | 厦门市江平生物基质技术股份有限公司 | Fertilization-free leaf vegetable cultivation organic medium |
| CN108887141A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-27 | 来安县杭姑娘生态农业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of organic vegetable soilless culture medium |
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