CN103262711A - Litchi picking flexible combing-shearing mechanism and rolling combing-shearing device - Google Patents
Litchi picking flexible combing-shearing mechanism and rolling combing-shearing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103262711A CN103262711A CN2013102174075A CN201310217407A CN103262711A CN 103262711 A CN103262711 A CN 103262711A CN 2013102174075 A CN2013102174075 A CN 2013102174075A CN 201310217407 A CN201310217407 A CN 201310217407A CN 103262711 A CN103262711 A CN 103262711A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a litchi picking flexible combing-shearing mechanism and a rolling combing-shearing device. The flexible combing-shearing mechanism comprises a tooth-shaped plate, branch separating components, a sorting component and cutting components, wherein the branching components comprise a plurality of tapered rubber blocks, all the tapered rubber blocks are arranged at the tail ends of all teeth on the tooth-shaped plate respectively, a sorting component is arranged in the middle of a tooth gap between any two adjacent teeth on the tooth-shaped plate, and a cutting component is arranged at a tooth root position of any two adjacent teeth on the tooth-shaped plate. The rolling combing-shearing device is provided with the litchi picking flexible combing-shearing mechanism. According to the litchi picking flexible combing-shearing mechanism and the rolling combing-shearing device, braches with fruits and branches without fruits of litchis can be separated, and effective shear can only be carried out on the branches with the fruits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fruit picking machinery field, particularly a kind of lichee harvesting flexible comb shearing machine structure and the comb that rolls are cut device.
Background technology
Lichee is southern a kind of characteristic fruit, and the history in more than 2,000 year has been arranged in history, and the lichee color and luster is light violet, and shell is thin and flat, and the pulp deliciousness is nutritious, is described as " king in the fruit ".Yet China's lichee is plucked and is relied on artificial the harvesting fully at present, has seriously restricted the development of its production.Be embodied in: urbanization process is accelerated, and blue or green strong labour goes down town and works, and shortage appears in the labour, causes workman's difficulty to be looked for, and labour cost is higher, has increased the results cost of lichee, has reduced the market competitiveness of lichee; In addition, generally by climbing tree or plucking by ladder, inconvenience is moved in job position height and space when manually plucking, so picking efficiency is not high, and it is longer to pluck the process elapsed time, has incured loss through delay adopting the antistaling storing of back fruit, has influenced fruit quality; In addition, because the orchard litchi that has is higher, fall the event that causes permanent disability even death because plucking lichee from eminence, generation is arranged every year.Therefore develop mechanization and pluck, become active demand and the inexorable trend of China's lichee industry.
The research of domestic water fruit picking machine tool mainly concentrates on oscillatory type machinery and picking robot, but these two types of harvestings that all are not suitable for litchi fruits.The oscillatory type picking mechanical is applicable to mainly that carpopodium is thin, skin depth, fruit that meat is hard, and it is damaged can not produce cracking after fruit is fallen earthward by shake, such as oranges and tangerines, lemon, nut etc.The lichee carpopodium is generally at 3-5mm, and is durable, if adopt the mechanical oscillation method to pluck, then needs bigger vibration frequency and Oscillation Amplitude that lichee is come off.And because the thin meat of litchi rind is tender, if adopt oscillatory type harvesting method, fruit can be dropped fast to ground and cause that fruit breaks, and has increased the breakage rate of fruit.Mainly there is following problem in picking robot: 1. the discrimination of fruit, positioning accuracy are not high; 2. picking fruit all is to pluck at single fruit, and average plucking cycle is longer; 3. cost is higher.For lichee, general fruit tree highly is 3~6 meters, the many and scattered distribution of fruit, therefore certainly will the operation area to picking robot between, computational speed, execution speed have very high request, and the performance of picking robot can't satisfy these requirements at present.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of and can the fruit branch bar be arranged to lichee, the branch of having no result separates, and only pluck flexible comb shearing machine structure to there being the fruit branch bar effectively to shear lichee.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rolling comb that has the flexible comb of above-mentioned lichee harvesting shearing machine structure to cut device.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of lichee is plucked flexible comb shearing machine structure, comprise castellated plates, branch assembly, sorting assembly and cutting assembly, the branch assembly comprises a plurality of cone rubber pieces, each cone rubber piece is located at the end of each tooth on the castellated plates respectively, be provided with a sorting assembly in the middle part of the slot of adjacent two teeth arbitrarily on the castellated plates, the tooth root place of any adjacent two teeth is provided with a cutting assembly on the castellated plates.Wherein, the effect of branch assembly is with the lichee branch separately, and branch is imported in the slot of castellated plates, the litchi fruits of can not damaging simultaneously, and the cone rubber piece can be selected the hard partially elastomeric material of quality for use.
Described sorting assembly comprises thin wall barrier, return spring and limited block; thin wall barrier one end and return spring one end are located at respectively on the same tooth; fixedly connected in the return spring other end and thin wall barrier middle part, and limited block is located on another tooth in adjacent two teeth; When thin wall barrier was in closed condition, the other end of thin wall barrier contacted with limited block.The effect of sorting assembly is to have isolated the fruit branch bar, when fruit is involved in the slot, along with the rotation of castellated plates, fruit will be along the moving direction reverse movement of castellated plates, when moving to thin wall barrier, be subjected to stopping of thin wall barrier, branch can have certain thrust to thin wall barrier, along with the continuation of castellated plates is moved, thrust constantly increases, when thrust during greater than the pulling force of spring, thin wall barrier is opened, and has the fruit branch bar then to enter cutting zone.
Described cutting assembly comprises the V-knife sword, and the V-knife sword is damascene structures, and two hypotenuses of V-knife sword are embedded in the tooth root edge of adjacent two teeth respectively.
The drift angle place of described V-knife sword is provided with the curved blade that plays a transition role.The V-knife sword can directly mill out at each tooth root place of castellated plates, and curved blade plays a transition role to two hypotenuses of V-knife sword, and the blade that mills out adopts quenching heat treatment to improve the intensity of blade.
When described thin wall barrier was in closed condition, thin wall barrier was across V-knife sword top; The Delta Region that forms between V-knife sword and the thin wall barrier is cutting zone.When branch entered cutting zone, the V-knife sword contacted with branch and begins to cut branch, and along with the movement of castellated plates, constantly to the blade root motion, blade cuts branch branch continuously, and at V-knife sword root branch is cut off fully.
Described castellated plates is integral structure, comprises the installation flap and a plurality of tooth that are connected, and a plurality of teeth are distributed in the top margin that flap is installed side by side, and the installing hole that flap is provided with whole flexible comb shearing machine structure installation usefulness is installed; Each tooth bottom is tooth root with the joint that flap is installed, and the space between adjacent two teeth is slot.
Harvesting at lichee, in conjunction with the size range of litchi fruits and the general growth characteristics of litchi branch, on the described castellated plates, each tooth is respectively trapezium structure, the upper base edge lengths of tooth is 13~15mm, the lower shoe length of tooth is 35~37mm, and the height of tooth is 49~51mm, and the angle of slot is 24~26 °; Tooth corresponding setting one by one on described cone rubber piece and the castellated plates, each cone rubber piece is respectively triangular structure, and the drift angle of cone rubber piece is 23~27 °, and the height of cone rubber piece is 75~85mm, and the base length of cone rubber piece is 34~38mm.
A kind of rolling comb that has the flexible comb of above-mentioned lichee harvesting shearing machine structure of the present invention is cut device, comprise flexible comb shearing machine structure, cylinder and erection support, the cylinder lateral surface is provided with an erection support at least, and flexible comb shearing machine structure is fixed on the cylinder lateral surface by erection support; The radial section of erection support is " people " font, and the base plate of erection support is connected with the locking of cylinder side by bolt, and the castellated plates in the flexible comb shearing machine structure is fixedlyed connected with the top board of erection support by bolt.
As a kind of preferred version, described flexible comb shearing machine structure has 3, and each flexible comb shearing machine structure is installed on the cylinder lateral surface by the erection support of correspondence respectively.
This lichee is plucked flexible comb shearing machine structure and is applied to roll after comb cuts device, its operation principle is: when the comb that rolls is cut device as picking head during near the cluster litchi fruits, the most advanced and sophisticated both sides of cone rubber piece at first contact with branch, many branches are separated and the importing slot; If branch hangs with lichee, rotation along with castellated plates, fruit is involved in the slot inboard, and the rotation direction reverse movement along castellated plates, when moving to the thin wall barrier place, be subjected to stopping of thin wall barrier, branch has thrust because of the pulling force that is subjected to major branch to thin wall barrier, and thrust is along with the rotation of castellated plates constantly increases, when thrust can overcome the pulling force of return spring, thin wall barrier was opened, and branch enters cutting zone, otherwise when not having fruit as if branch, branch will be isolated in outside the cutting area by thin wall barrier; After the fruit branch bar enters cutting zone, the V-knife sword contacts with branch and begins to cut branch, movement along with castellated plates, branch is constantly to V-knife sword root motion, the V-knife sword continues branch is cut, and cut off fully by curved blade at V-knife sword root position, realize this moment lichee is taken.
The present invention has following beneficial effect with respect to prior art:
1, the flexible comb of this lichee harvesting shearing machine structure adopts elastic cone rubber piece as the branch assembly; when therefore the lichee branch being carried out the branch operation; can not cause problems such as cracking or internal damage because the parts tip collides litchi fruits, fruit is played the better protect effect.
2, this lichee is plucked flexible comb shearing machine structure and is adopted thin wall barrier and return spring formation sorting assembly, can isolate the branch that has fruit automatically, assurance only to there being the fruit branch bar to shear, is avoided the shearing to the branch of having no result, and improves accuracy and validity that lichee is plucked.
3, the flexible comb of this lichee harvesting shearing machine structure adopts the full blade of embedded V-type as cutting assembly, can omnidistance branch be sheared, and minimizing blocks the branch phenomenon and takes place, and guarantees that simultaneously the branch otch is smooth, is conducive to residual branch and grows young sprout.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 plucks the structural representation of flexible comb shearing machine structure for this lichee.
Fig. 2 combs the structural representation when cutting device for the flexible comb of this lichee harvesting shearing machine structure is applied to roll.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment
A kind of lichee of present embodiment is plucked flexible comb shearing machine structure, its structure as shown in Figure 1, comprise castellated plates 1, branch assembly, sorting assembly and cutting assembly, the branch assembly comprises a plurality of cone rubber pieces 2, each cone rubber piece is located at the end of each tooth 1-1 on the castellated plates respectively, be provided with a sorting assembly in the middle part of the slot of adjacent two teeth arbitrarily on the castellated plates, the tooth root place of any adjacent two teeth is provided with a cutting assembly on the castellated plates.Wherein, the effect of branch assembly is with the lichee branch separately, and branch is imported in the slot of castellated plates, the litchi fruits of can not damaging simultaneously, and the cone rubber piece can be selected the hard partially elastomeric material of quality for use.
The sorting assembly comprises thin wall barrier 3, return spring 4 and limited block 5; thin wall barrier one end and return spring one end are located at respectively on the same tooth; fixedly connected in the return spring other end and thin wall barrier middle part, and limited block is located on another tooth in adjacent two teeth; When thin wall barrier was in closed condition, the other end of thin wall barrier contacted with limited block.The effect of sorting assembly is to have isolated the fruit branch bar, when fruit is involved in the slot, along with the rotation of castellated plates, fruit will be along the moving direction reverse movement of castellated plates, when moving to thin wall barrier, be subjected to stopping of thin wall barrier, branch can have certain thrust to thin wall barrier, along with the continuation of castellated plates is moved, thrust constantly increases, when thrust during greater than the pulling force of spring, thin wall barrier is opened, and has the fruit branch bar then to enter cutting zone.
Cutting assembly comprises V-knife sword 6, and the V-knife sword is damascene structures, and two hypotenuses of V-knife sword are embedded in the tooth root edge of adjacent two teeth respectively.
The drift angle place of V-knife sword is provided with the curved blade 7 that plays a transition role.The V-knife sword can directly mill out at each tooth root place of castellated plates, and curved blade plays a transition role to two hypotenuses of V-knife sword, and the blade that mills out adopts quenching heat treatment to improve the intensity of blade.
When thin wall barrier was in closed condition, thin wall barrier was across V-knife sword top; The Delta Region that forms between V-knife sword and the thin wall barrier is cutting zone.When branch entered cutting zone, the V-knife sword contacted with branch and begins to cut branch, and along with the movement of castellated plates, constantly to the blade root motion, blade cuts branch branch continuously, and at V-knife sword root branch is cut off fully.
Castellated plates is integral structure, comprises the installation flap 1-2 and a plurality of tooth 1-1 that are connected, and a plurality of teeth are distributed in the top margin that flap is installed side by side, and the installing hole 1-3 that flap is provided with whole flexible comb shearing machine structure installation usefulness is installed; Each tooth bottom is tooth root with the joint that flap is installed, and the space between adjacent two teeth is slot.
Harvesting at lichee, in conjunction with the size range of litchi fruits and the general growth characteristics of litchi branch, on the castellated plates, each tooth is respectively trapezium structure, the upper base edge lengths of tooth is 13~15mm, the lower shoe length of tooth is 35~37mm, and the height of tooth is 49~51mm, and the angle of slot is 24~26 °; Tooth corresponding setting one by one on cone rubber piece and the castellated plates, each cone rubber piece is respectively triangular structure, and the drift angle of cone rubber piece is 23~27 °, and the height of cone rubber piece is 75~85mm, and the base length of cone rubber piece is 34~38mm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of rolling comb that has the flexible comb of lichee harvesting shearing machine structure of present embodiment is cut device, its structure as shown in Figure 2, comprise that (flexible comb shearing machine structure is embodiment 1 described flexible comb shearing machine structure to flexible comb shearing machine structure, its concrete structure is as shown in Figure 1), cylinder 8 and erection support 9, the cylinder lateral surface is provided with an erection support at least, and flexible comb shearing machine structure is fixed on the cylinder lateral surface by erection support; The radial section of erection support is " people " font, and the base plate of erection support is connected with the locking of cylinder side by bolt, and the castellated plates in the flexible comb shearing machine structure is fixedlyed connected with the top board of erection support by bolt.
Present embodiment is as a kind of preferred version, and flexible comb shearing machine structure has 3, and each flexible comb shearing machine structure is installed on the cylinder lateral surface by the erection support of correspondence respectively.
This lichee is plucked flexible comb shearing machine structure and is applied to roll after comb cuts device, its operation principle is: when the comb that rolls is cut device as picking head during near the cluster litchi fruits, the most advanced and sophisticated both sides of cone rubber piece at first contact with branch, many branches are separated and the importing slot; If branch hangs with lichee, rotation along with castellated plates, fruit is involved in the slot inboard, and the rotation direction reverse movement along castellated plates, when moving to the thin wall barrier place, be subjected to stopping of thin wall barrier, branch has thrust because of the pulling force that is subjected to major branch to thin wall barrier, and thrust is along with the rotation of castellated plates constantly increases, when thrust can overcome the pulling force of return spring, thin wall barrier was opened, and branch enters cutting zone, otherwise when not having fruit as if branch, branch will be isolated in outside the cutting area by thin wall barrier; After the fruit branch bar enters cutting zone, the V-knife sword contacts with branch and begins to cut branch, movement along with castellated plates, branch is constantly to V-knife sword root motion, the V-knife sword continues branch is cut, and cut off fully by curved blade at V-knife sword root position, realize this moment lichee is taken.
As mentioned above, just can realize the present invention preferably, above-described embodiment is preferred embodiment of the present invention only, is not to limit practical range of the present invention; Be that all equalizations of doing according to content of the present invention change and modification, all contained by claim of the present invention scope required for protection.
Claims (10)
1. a lichee is plucked flexible comb shearing machine structure, it is characterized in that, comprise castellated plates, branch assembly, sorting assembly and cutting assembly, the branch assembly comprises a plurality of cone rubber pieces, each cone rubber piece is located at the end of each tooth on the castellated plates respectively, be provided with a sorting assembly in the middle part of the slot of adjacent two teeth arbitrarily on the castellated plates, the tooth root place of any adjacent two teeth is provided with a cutting assembly on the castellated plates.
2. pluck flexible comb shearing machine structure according to the described a kind of lichee of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described sorting assembly comprises thin wall barrier, return spring and limited block; thin wall barrier one end and return spring one end are located at respectively on the same tooth; fixedly connected in the return spring other end and thin wall barrier middle part, and limited block is located on another tooth in adjacent two teeth; When thin wall barrier was in closed condition, the other end of thin wall barrier contacted with limited block.
3. pluck flexible comb shearing machine structure according to the described a kind of lichee of claim 2, it is characterized in that described cutting assembly comprises the V-knife sword, the V-knife sword is damascene structures, and two hypotenuses of V-knife sword are embedded in the tooth root edge of adjacent two teeth respectively.
4. pluck flexible comb shearing machine structure according to the described a kind of lichee of claim 3, it is characterized in that the drift angle place of described V-knife sword is provided with the curved blade that plays a transition role.
5. pluck flexible comb shearing machine structure according to the described a kind of lichee of claim 3, it is characterized in that, when described thin wall barrier was in closed condition, thin wall barrier was across V-knife sword top; The Delta Region that forms between V-knife sword and the thin wall barrier is cutting zone.
6. pluck flexible comb shearing machine structure according to the described a kind of lichee of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described castellated plates is integral structure, comprise the installation flap and a plurality of tooth that are connected, a plurality of teeth are distributed in the top margin that flap is installed side by side, and the installing hole that flap is provided with whole flexible comb shearing machine structure installation usefulness is installed; Each tooth bottom is tooth root with the joint that flap is installed, and the space between adjacent two teeth is slot.
7. pluck flexible comb shearing machine structure according to the described a kind of lichee of claim 6, it is characterized in that, on the described castellated plates, each tooth is respectively trapezium structure, and the upper base edge lengths of tooth is 13~15mm, and the lower shoe length of tooth is 35~37mm, the height of tooth is 49~51mm, and the angle of slot is 24~26 °.
8. pluck flexible comb shearing machine structure according to the described a kind of lichee of claim 6, it is characterized in that, tooth corresponding setting one by one on described cone rubber piece and the castellated plates, each cone rubber piece is respectively triangular structure, the drift angle of cone rubber piece is 23~27 °, the height of cone rubber piece is 75~85mm, and the base length of cone rubber piece is 34~38mm.
9. the rolling comb that has the flexible comb of each described lichee harvesting of claim 1~8 shearing machine structure is cut device, it is characterized in that, comprise flexible comb shearing machine structure, cylinder and erection support, the cylinder lateral surface is provided with an erection support at least, and flexible comb shearing machine structure is fixed on the cylinder lateral surface by erection support; The radial section of erection support is " people " font, and the base plate of erection support is connected with the locking of cylinder side by bolt, and the castellated plates in the flexible comb shearing machine structure is fixedlyed connected with the top board of erection support by bolt.
10. cut device according to the described rolling comb that has the flexible comb of lichee harvesting shearing machine structure of claim 9, it is characterized in that the described flexible shearing machine structure of combing has 3, each flexible comb shearing machine structure is installed on the cylinder lateral surface by the erection support of correspondence respectively.
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CN201310217407.5A CN103262711B (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2013-06-03 | Litchi picking flexible combing-shearing mechanism and rolling combing-shearing device |
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CN201310217407.5A CN103262711B (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2013-06-03 | Litchi picking flexible combing-shearing mechanism and rolling combing-shearing device |
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CN103875363A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-06-25 | 山东理工大学 | Remote control self-propelled suction combing brush type apple classification cleaning picking machine |
CN104855097A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-08-26 | 肥西县农业技术推广中心 | Zizania aquatica planting method |
CN106717543A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-05-31 | 南昌大学 | Fruit and vegetable picking turnover disc |
CN107371613A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-24 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of fruit comb cuts picking end performs device |
CN108207321A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-06-29 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of rotating comb scissors lichee picker |
CN108432460A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-08-24 | 福建农林大学 | Extension type comb cuts lichee picking lever and its application method |
CN108496546A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-07 | 叶红飞 | A kind of picking conveyer with banana caulo supporting mechanism |
CN108848895A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-11-23 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of rotation is selective to prune formula jujube class fruit acquisition device off |
CN108966837A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-11 | 中国地质大学(北京) | Fruit picker |
CN110431995A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2019-11-12 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of backpack fruit picking and branch pruning device and application method |
CN114982479A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-02 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | Intelligent all-terrain litchi picking robot and picking method |
CN115836618A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2023-03-24 | 西南科技大学 | Radix ophiopogonis damage-free fruit picking system and method |
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CN103875363A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-06-25 | 山东理工大学 | Remote control self-propelled suction combing brush type apple classification cleaning picking machine |
CN103875363B (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2015-11-18 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of remote control is curried formula apple grading clean picking machine from being walked aspiration |
CN104855097A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-08-26 | 肥西县农业技术推广中心 | Zizania aquatica planting method |
CN106717543A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-05-31 | 南昌大学 | Fruit and vegetable picking turnover disc |
CN107371613A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-11-24 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of fruit comb cuts picking end performs device |
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CN108207321A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-06-29 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of rotating comb scissors lichee picker |
CN108496546A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-09-07 | 叶红飞 | A kind of picking conveyer with banana caulo supporting mechanism |
CN108848895A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-11-23 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of rotation is selective to prune formula jujube class fruit acquisition device off |
CN108848895B (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2021-10-19 | 广东工业大学 | Formula red date class fruit collection system is dredged to rotatory selectivity |
CN110431995A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2019-11-12 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of backpack fruit picking and branch pruning device and application method |
CN108432460A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-08-24 | 福建农林大学 | Extension type comb cuts lichee picking lever and its application method |
CN108432460B (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2024-03-08 | 福建农林大学 | Telescopic comb-shear litchi picking rod and application method thereof |
CN108966837A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-11 | 中国地质大学(北京) | Fruit picker |
CN108966837B (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2024-02-23 | 中国地质大学(北京) | Fruit picking device |
CN114982479A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-02 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | Intelligent all-terrain litchi picking robot and picking method |
CN115836618A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2023-03-24 | 西南科技大学 | Radix ophiopogonis damage-free fruit picking system and method |
CN115836618B (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2024-06-14 | 西南科技大学 | Non-injury radix ophiopogonis fruit picking system and method |
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