CN103168921A - Method for producing straw feed - Google Patents
Method for producing straw feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN103168921A CN103168921A CN2013101320093A CN201310132009A CN103168921A CN 103168921 A CN103168921 A CN 103168921A CN 2013101320093 A CN2013101320093 A CN 2013101320093A CN 201310132009 A CN201310132009 A CN 201310132009A CN 103168921 A CN103168921 A CN 103168921A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing a straw feed. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) grinding straws to grain materials; (2) ammonifying part of straw grains with ammonia water or a urea solution to obtain ammonified straws; (3) evenly mixing the ammonified straws, corn cob grains and water, adding a lactic acid or acetic acid solution to adjust the pH to 5-6, adding a fermenting bacteria inoculum, evenly mixing, and fermenting to obtain straw degrading enzymatic-Qu; (4) adding lactobacillus plantarum in the straw grain materials to implement ensiling so as to obtain ensiled straws; (5) evenly mixing the ammonified straws, the ensiled straws and the straw degrading enzymatic-Qu, adding a fermenting bacteria solution, and fermenting to obtain a water-containing fermented-straw material; and (6) drying and granulating the fermented-straw material, thereby obtaining the straw feed. The method has the advantages that the efficient fiber lignin degrading bacteria are taken as the straw degrading enzymatic-Qu, the degrading efficiency and the content of nutrients in the feed are enhanced, the required equipment for material fermenting is simple, the operation is simple and convenient, and the cost of feed production is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the production method of the production method of animal feeding-stuff, particularly a kind of straw feed.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of China's economy, the improving constantly of living standards of the people, people's diet structure is also progressively changing, and the shared ratio of meat, egg, milk is in continuous increase.According to the statistics made by the departments concerned, China's meat egg total output occupies first place in the world at present, and the occupancy volume per person has reached world average level.For animal husbandry, feed cost accounts for more than 70% of totle drilling cost, and wherein grain feed accounts for more than 90% of conventional feed, therefore, along with the continuous increase of people to the livestock products demand, the feed breach will continue to increase, and the rise of global provision price impels the animal husbandry cost again to raise especially.
The stalk output in China every year reaches 700,000,000 tons, but the straw utilization rate is but not high, and utilizes the technical merit of mode lower, even still has the phenomenon of crop straw burning, causes certain wasting of resources and environmental pollution.In conjunction with economy, the resources and environment present situation of China, the straw feed technology will be the focus development project of China's biomass as resources.
At present, use more straw feed treatment technology that the methods such as ensiling, ammonification, expanded, hot spray, microbial fermentation are arranged.Stalk after ammonification is processed is as feed, and its lignocellulosic is destructurized, and lignin and hemicellulose level reduce, and are conducive to digestion and the absorption of livestock, can improve the content of the nonprotein nitrogen in straw feed.Ensiling stalks is as feed, and moisture is high, good palatability, easy to digest, and a kind of fragrant tart flavour is arranged, and stimulates the appetite of domestic animal, and feed intake increases.But no matter be ammoniated straw or ensiling stalks, use all can not effectively increase the content of the true albumen of feed separately.With both mixed culture fermentation, can take full advantage of advantage separately, after processing, effectively improves microbial fermentation feed nutrition content, it is the true protein content in straw feed, reach the standard of grain feed, even better, therefore have DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT preferably, this will be also to solve the effective way that China people and animals strive grain and animal husbandry development problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned technical Analysis, a kind of nutrient content, sweat straw feed production method simple to operate that improves feed is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
A kind of production method of straw feed, step is as follows:
1) be that particle diameter is the stalk particle raw material of 0.3-1.0cm with crushed stalk;
2) produce ammoniated straw: adopt ammoniacal liquor or urea liquid to carry out ammonification under the condition of 30-35 ℃ above-mentioned stalk particle raw material and process, in processing time 5-7 week, obtain ammoniated straw;
3) produce the straw degradative enzyme bent: the corn cob granule that is 1.0-2.0cm with above-mentioned ammoniated straw and particle diameter mixes, adding the moisture content that water makes material is 55-65%, to add weight percent concentration be 20% lactic acid solution or acetum is adjusted to 5.5-6.5 with the pH of mixed material, add fermenting agent and mix in the gained mixed material, then be under 30-35 ℃ of condition in temperature, fermented 3-4 days, and fermentation materials was overturn in every 1-2 days, make the straw degradative enzyme bent;
4) produce ensiling stalks: add Lactobacillus plantarum (Lactobacillus plantarum in above-mentioned stalk particle raw material, 1.555) carry out ensiling and process, the inoculum concentration of Lactobacillus plantarum is 4% of stalk weight, and reaction is 30-35 days under 18-25 ℃ of condition, obtains ensiling stalks;
5) ammoniated straw, ensiling stalks and straw degradative enzyme song are mixed, adding water, to make the moisture content of mixed material be 55-65%, adds zymocyte liquid, then keeping the humidity of materials bottom fermentation 4-8 days, and every day, turning was 1-2 time, obtained moisture stalk fermentation thing;
6) with after moisture stalk fermentation thing drying or granulation, can obtain straw feed.
The weight percent concentration of described ammoniacal liquor is the ammoniacal liquor of 4-6%, and the weight percent concentration of urea is 5-7%.
Described fermenting agent is aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger, WB-4757), oyster cap fungus (Pleurotus ostreatus, 5.364), mushroom (Lentinus edodes, 5.677) and bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis subsp.Subtilis, N1025) in the mixture of one or more arbitrary proportions.
The weight ratio of described ammoniated straw, corn cob granule and fermenting agent is 90:7-8:2-3.
Described zymocyte liquid is saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae,=AKU4038), candida tropicalis (Candida tropicalis, 2.637) and aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae, L201) in the mixture of one or more arbitrary proportions.
Described ammoniated straw, ensiling stalks, the bent weight ratio with zymocyte liquid of straw degradative enzyme are 50-55:25-35:15-18:2-5.
Above-mentioned all microorganism fungus kinds are all available from Chinese common micro-organisms culture presevation administrative center.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1) the present invention adopts efficient cellulignin degradation bacteria to make straw degradative enzyme song, makes the degradation efficiency of cellulose and lignin higher, thereby effectively improves the nutrient content in feed;
2) take full advantage of the advantage of ammoniated straw and ensiling stalks, make feed nutrition abundanter;
3) material fermentation equipment needed thereby is simple, easy and simple to handle, has reduced the cost of feed making.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail by following examples, but the technology contents that the present embodiment is narrated is illustrative, rather than determinate, should not limit to according to this protection scope of the present invention.All microorganism fungus kinds of adopting in following examples are all available from Chinese common micro-organisms culture presevation administrative center.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of production method of straw feed, step is as follows:
1) be that particle diameter is the stalk particle raw material of 0.3-1.0cm with crushed stalk;
2) the stalk particle raw material being adopted weight percent concentration is that 5% ammonia spirit carries out ammonification and processes under 30 ℃ of conditions, in 6 weeks of processing time, obtains ammoniated straw;
3) produce the stalk fermentation enzyme bent: the corn cob granule that is 1.0-2.0cm with the stalk after ammonification and particle diameter mixes, adding the moisture content that water makes material is 65%, to add weight percent concentration be 20% lactic acid solution is adjusted to 6 with the pH of mixed material, add aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger in mixed material, WB-4757), oyster cap fungus (Pleurotus ostreatus, 5.364) and bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis subsp.Subtilis, N1025) mixed fermenting agent, three's volume ratio is 1:1:1, and mix, then be under 30 ℃ of conditions in temperature, fermented 3 days, fermentation materials was overturn in every 1-2 days, make the straw degradative enzyme bent, ammoniated straw wherein, the weight ratio of corn cob granule and fermenting agent is 90:8:2,
4) produce ensiling stalks: add Lactobacillus plantarum (Lactobacillus plantarum in the stalk particle raw material, 1.555) carry out ensiling and process, the inoculum concentration of Lactobacillus plantarum is 4% of stalk weight, and under normal temperature condition, reaction is 30 days, obtains ensiling stalks;
5) with ammoniated straw, ensiling stalks and straw degradative enzyme song mix, adding the moisture content that water makes mixed material is 60%, add saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae,=AKU4038), candida tropicalis (Candida tropicalis, 2.637) and aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae, L201) zymocyte liquid, three's volume ratio is 1:1:1, then keeping the humidity of materials bottom fermentation 6 days, every day, turning was 1-2 time, obtain moisture stalk fermentation thing, ammoniated straw wherein, ensiling stalks, the bent weight ratio with zymocyte liquid of straw degradative enzyme is 50:30:18:2,
6) with after moisture stalk fermentation thing drying, can obtain the straw feed that crude protein content is 17-20%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of production method of straw feed, step is as follows:
1) be that particle diameter is the stalk particle raw material of 0.3-1.0cm with crushed stalk;
2) the stalk particle raw material being adopted weight percent concentration is that 6% urea liquid carries out ammonification and processes under 30 ℃ of conditions, in 7 weeks of processing time, obtains ammoniated straw;
3) produce ammoniated straw: the corn cob granule that is 1.0-2.0cm with the stalk after ammonification and particle diameter mixes, adding the moisture content that water makes material is 60%, to add weight percent concentration be 20% acetum is adjusted to 6 with the pH of mixed material, add aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger in mixed material, WB-4757), oyster cap fungus (Pleurotus ostreatus, 5.364) and mushroom (Lentinus edodes, 5.677) mixed fermenting agent, three's volume ratio is 1:1:1, and mix, then be under 30 ℃ of conditions in temperature, fermented 5 days, fermentation materials was overturn in every 1-2 days, make the straw degradative enzyme bent, ammoniated straw wherein, the weight ratio of corn cob granule and fermenting agent is 90:7:3,
4) produce ensiling stalks: add Lactobacillus plantarum (Lactobacillus plantarum in the stalk particle raw material, 1.555) carry out ensiling and process, the inoculum concentration of Lactobacillus plantarum is 4% of stalk weight, and under normal temperature condition, reaction is 30 days, obtains ensiling stalks;
5) ammoniated straw, ensiling stalks and straw degradative enzyme song are mixed, adding the moisture content that water makes mixed material is 65%, add saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae,=AKU4038) and aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae, L201) zymocyte liquid, both volume ratios are 1:1, then keeping the humidity of materials bottom fermentation 5 days, every day, turning was 1-2 time, obtain moisture stalk fermentation thing, wherein ammoniated straw, ensiling stalks, the bent weight ratio with zymocyte liquid of straw degradative enzyme are 55:30:13:2;
6) with after the granulation of moisture stalk fermentation thing, can obtain the straw feed that crude protein content is 15-18%.
Claims (6)
1. the production method of a straw feed is characterized in that step is as follows:
1) be that particle diameter is the stalk particle raw material of 0.3-1.0cm with crushed stalk;
2) produce ammoniated straw: adopt ammoniacal liquor or urea liquid to carry out ammonification under the condition of 30-35 ℃ above-mentioned stalk particle raw material and process, in processing time 5-7 week, obtain ammoniated straw;
3) produce the straw degradative enzyme bent: the corn cob granule that is 1.0-2.0cm with above-mentioned ammoniated straw and particle diameter mixes, adding the moisture content that water makes material is 55-65%, to add weight percent concentration be 20% lactic acid solution or acetum is adjusted to 5.5-6.5 with the pH of mixed material, add fermenting agent and mix in the gained mixed material, then be under 30-35 ℃ of condition in temperature, fermented 3-4 days, and fermentation materials was overturn in every 1-2 days, make the straw degradative enzyme bent;
4) produce ensiling stalks: add Lactobacillus plantarum (Lactobacillus plantarum in above-mentioned stalk particle raw material, 1.555) carry out ensiling and process, the inoculum concentration of Lactobacillus plantarum is 4% of stalk weight, and reaction is 30-35 days under 18-25 ℃ of condition, obtains ensiling stalks;
5) ammoniated straw, ensiling stalks and straw degradative enzyme song are mixed, adding water, to make the moisture content of mixed material be 55-65%, adds zymocyte liquid, then keeping the humidity of materials bottom fermentation 4-8 days, and every day, turning was 1-2 time, obtained moisture stalk fermentation thing;
6) with after moisture stalk fermentation thing drying or granulation, can obtain straw feed.
2. the production method of straw feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight percent concentration of described ammoniacal liquor is the ammoniacal liquor of 4-6%, the weight percent concentration of urea is 5-7%.
3. the production method of straw feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fermenting agent is aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger, WB-4757), oyster cap fungus (Pleurotus ostreatus, 5.364), mushroom (Lentinus edodes, 5.677) and bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis subsp.Subtilis, N1025) in the mixture of one or more arbitrary proportions.
4. the production method of straw feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight ratio of described ammoniated straw, corn cob granule and fermenting agent is 90:7-8:2-3.
5. the production method of straw feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described zymocyte liquid is saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae,=AKU4038), candida tropicalis (Candida tropicalis, 2.637) and aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae, L201) in the mixture of one or more arbitrary proportions.
6. the production method of straw feed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described ammoniated straw, ensiling stalks, the bent weight ratio with zymocyte liquid of straw degradative enzyme are 50-55:25-35:15-18:2-5.
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| CN2013101320093A CN103168921A (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2013-04-16 | Method for producing straw feed |
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| CN2012102013435A CN102715350A (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2012-06-18 | Production method of straw feed |
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| CN2013101320093A CN103168921A (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2013-04-16 | Method for producing straw feed |
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| CN103478413A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-01 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Method for producing protein feed by mixed-strain solid-state fermentation of ginkgo leaf residues |
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| CN103756914A (en) * | 2013-12-28 | 2014-04-30 | 邵素英 | Compound microorganism fermentation agent |
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| CN114668076B (en) * | 2022-02-07 | 2023-11-21 | 吉林农业大学 | Method for preparing yellow storage feed by using composite microbial agent |
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Application publication date: 20130626 |