CN103125280A - Safety monitoring alarm method of cadmium (Cd) in rice - Google Patents

Safety monitoring alarm method of cadmium (Cd) in rice Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103125280A
CN103125280A CN2012105187091A CN201210518709A CN103125280A CN 103125280 A CN103125280 A CN 103125280A CN 2012105187091 A CN2012105187091 A CN 2012105187091A CN 201210518709 A CN201210518709 A CN 201210518709A CN 103125280 A CN103125280 A CN 103125280A
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rice
cadmium
soil
early warning
stage
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CN103125280B (en
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周鸿凯
叶昌辉
黄兴
钟来元
莫俊杰
陈小丽
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Guangdong Ocean University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a safety monitoring alarm method of cadmium (Cd) in rice. The following mathematical prediction model is built: the relation between mature-period rice Cd content Y and Cd accumulation X in tillering-stage rice plant stems satisfies the equation that Y=0.588*X*1.158; and rice plant samples are collection in tillering stages of rice, the Cd accumulation X in the tillering-stage rice plant stems is detected, the mature-period rice Cd content Y is forecasted according to the mathematical prediction model, and safety of mature-period rice Cd content Y is judged and alarm is conducted. When the safety monitoring alarm method is used for safety monitoring of farmland rice production, safety of Cd in the rice can be early warmed in growing earlier stages of the rice (the tillering stages, about 60 days far from the mature harvest of the rice), problems are found in advance, time is obtained for the government and relative departments making measurements to conduct intervene, damage of Cd toxic rice is reduced, health hazard to people from the Cd population is reduced, and food safety and body health are guaranteed.

Description

The safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in rice
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of safety monitoring method for early warning for the rice heavy metal, specifically refer to the safety monitoring method for early warning of a kind of rice Cd for the farmland planting paddy rice.
Background technology
In recent years, the heavy metal in China's related food such as the cadmium content problem that exceeds standard occurs again and again, and the heavy metal in food seriously influences the health of human body.Moreover, always after being arranged, serious poisoning just finds, there is no early warning, the cause government Intervention Strategy is untimely, not in place, removes malicious source difficulty, seriously has influence on people's healthy and social stablizing.
Above-mentioned discussion content purpose is to introduce to the reader various aspects of technology that may be relevant to the various aspects of the present invention that below will be described and/or advocate, believe that this discussion content helps to provide background information for the reader, to be conducive to understanding better various aspects of the present invention, therefore, should be appreciated that it is to read these discussions with this angle, rather than admit prior art.
Summary of the invention
The safety monitoring method for early warning that the object of the invention is to avoid deficiency of the prior art and Cd in a kind of rice is provided, it is for the characteristics of Rice Production, in the early stage (tillering stage) of Rice Production, deposit the content status of Cd in attitude amount or rice organ stem according to the content of Cd in agricultural land soil at that time, 4 kinds of taxes of Cd, input the corresponding computing formula of this model, predict its in the future Cd content in rice, and (GB2715-2005, Cd content is<0.2mgkg with the national food sanitary standard -1) calculate early warning value (rice early warning value J=Cd concentration of brown rice predicted value Y/ grain sanitary control standard), J<0.7 is that devoid of risk, 0.7≤J<1.0 for low-risk, 2≤J<3.0 are excessive risk for risk, 3.0≤J, get final product the safety of Cd content in early warning rice for warning, 1.0≤J<2.0.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in a kind of rice is provided, first sets up following mathematical forecasting model: the relation of cadmium accumulation X in cadmium content Y and tillering stage rice plant stem in maturing stage rice: Y=0.588X 1.158 Then gather the rice plant sample in the tillering stage of paddy rice, detect rice plant cadmium accumulation X, according to above-mentioned mathematical forecasting model, cadmium content Y in prediction maturing stage rice judges its safety and carries out early warning.
Wherein, in described rice plant sample, cadmium accumulation X adopts HNO 3-HClO 4Wet digestion method is measured.
Purpose of the present invention also is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in a kind of rice is provided, first sets up following mathematical forecasting model: the relation of total cadmium amount X in cadmium content Y and tillering stage soil in maturing stage rice: Y=0.207X 0.946 Then gather soil in the tillering stage of paddy rice, detect total cadmium amount X in soil in tillering stage, according to above-mentioned mathematical forecasting model, cadmium content Y in prediction maturing stage rice judges its safety and carries out early warning.
Wherein, in described soil, total cadmium amount X adopts HF-HCLO 4-HNO 3Method is measured.
Purpose of the present invention also is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in a kind of rice is provided, first sets up following mathematical forecasting model: in maturing stage rice cadmium content Y and tillering stage Cadmium in Soil 4 kinds of taxes deposit wherein three kinds of attitude amount (X of attitude 1Weak acid extractable, X 2Iron and manganese oxides is in conjunction with attitude, X 3Organic matter complex state, X 4Residual form) significance is closed: Y=0.0256+0.0837X 4 + 0.3077X 2 2 -3.008X 3 2 -0.4063X 2 X 4 + 2.8571X 3 X 4 Then gather soil in the tillering stage of paddy rice, detect 3 kinds of attitude amounts of Cadmium in Soil in tillering stage, according to above-mentioned mathematical forecasting model, cadmium content Y in prediction maturing stage rice judges its safety and carries out early warning.
Wherein, 4 kinds of taxes of described Cadmium in Soil are deposited the attitude amount and are adopted the BCR continuous extraction of revising, cadmium content atomic absorption spectroscopy determination in liquid to be measured.
The present invention has found out correlation and the mechanism thereof of accumulation of content, the cauline leaf in paddy growth early stage (tillering stage) of Cd in the accumulation of Cd in rice and its soil substantially, on this basis respectively in the soil in the content of Cd, soil the tax of Cd deposit attitude amount, tillering stage rice plant cauline leaf Cd as variable, in maturing stage rice, Cd content is dependent variable, the correlation function forecast model system of setting up, after the content of Cd in prediction rice, namely (GB2715-2005, Cd content is<0.2mgkg with the national food sanitary standard -1) calculate early warning value (rice early warning value J=Cd concentration of brown rice predicted value Y/ grain sanitary control standard), J<0.7 is that devoid of risk, 0.7≤J<1.0 are excessive risk for low-risk, 2≤J<3.0 for risk, 3.0≤J for warning, 1.0≤J<2.0, accordingly, judge its safety.When the present invention carries out safety monitoring to farmland rice production, can be before plantation or paddy growth (tillering stage in early stage, still have about 60 days apart from the ripe results of paddy rice) just can its rice of early warning in the safety of Cd, pinpoint the problems ahead of time, for taking measures to intervene, government and relevant departments gain time, reduce the harm that Cd poison rice is arranged, reduce Cd and pollute the health hazard that brings to the people, guarantee people's food security and healthy.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art understand better technical scheme of the present invention, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Core of the present invention is to provide the safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in a kind of rice, it is for the characteristics of Rice Production, in the early stage (tillering stage) of Rice Production, according to the content of Cd in agricultural land soil at that time, compose the content status of Cd in the form of depositing or rice organ, input the corresponding computing formula of this model, can early warning to its safety of Cd content in rice in the future.
Mathematical forecasting model formula of the present invention is to draw through many experiments, and is specific as follows:
Test material
Early rice in 2009 test kind is: excellent 128, and round-grained rice Xian 89, Zhanyou 226 and Guangdong perfume (or spice) account for;
Late rice in 2009 test kind is: rich II is excellent 312, Tianyou 122, special Xian account for 25, five Feng You 615;
Early rice in 2010 test kind is: excellent 128, and round-grained rice Xian 89, Zhanyou 226 and Guangdong perfume (or spice) account for;
Late rice in 2010 test kind is: rich II is excellent 312, Tianyou 122, special Xian account for 25, five Feng You 615.
The soil of test is field mud, through air-dry, grind, cross the 5mm aperture sieve after, evenly mix, be used for the barrel plant test.Mixed physiochemical properties of soil is respectively: pH=6.79, and the content of organic matter 2.43%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content 131.5mg/kg, available phosphorus contents 68.5mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content 183.5mg/kg, Soil Background cadmium content are 0.1364mg/kg.
Experimental scheme
The experimental scheme of (1) 2009 year early rice: adopt the method for barrel plant test, the bucket specification is 40 * 50cm 2Every barreled soil 22.0kg; The Cd Stress treatment is for using CdCl 2Solution, on March 28th, 2009 by 0,1,2,3,5 processing horizontals such as 4mg/kg use corresponding CdCl 2Solution.Test is carried out in the glass greenhouse of the Xing Nonglou of Guangdong Ocean University, choosing healthy full seed rinses well repeatedly through deionized water, then be sowed on moistening filter paper and keep 28 ℃ of constant temperature culture, the seed that after 24 h, selection shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally in the Plastic Drum that soil is housed, is planted 60,5 processing horizontals by every barrel in upper seeding on April 4 in 2009,3 repetitions, have 60 barrels, numbering, random district group is arranged.By keeping the water surface in bucket to cultivate higher than native face 3cm, the Production of Large Fields rules are pressed in management.When seedling grows the first leaf, select seedling, pull out weak seedling, stay 15 of strong seedlings.
The experimental scheme of (2) 2009 years late rices: adopt the method for barrel plant test, the bucket specification is 40 * 50cm 2Every barreled soil 22.0kg; The Cd Stress treatment is for using CdCl 2Solution, on May 10th, 2009 by 0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5,9 processing horizontals such as 4mg/kg use corresponding CdCl 2Solution.Test is carried out in the glass greenhouse of the Xing Nonglou of Guangdong Ocean University, choosing healthy full seed rinses well repeatedly through deionized water, then be sowed on moistening filter paper and keep 28 ℃ of constant temperature culture, the seed that after 24 h, selection shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally in the Plastic Drum that soil is housed, is planted 60,5 processing horizontals by every barrel in upper seeding on July 10 in 2009,3 repetitions, have 108 barrels, numbering, random district group is arranged.By keeping the water surface in bucket to cultivate higher than native face 1-3cm, the Production of Large Fields rules are pressed in management.When seedling grows the first leaf, select seedling, pull out weak seedling, stay 15 of strong seedlings.
The experimental scheme of early rice test in (3) 2010 years: adopt the method for barrel plant test, the bucket specification is 40 * 50cm 2Every barreled soil 22.0kg; The Cd Stress treatment is for using CdCl 2Solution, on February 2nd, 2010 by 0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5,9 processing horizontals such as 4mg/kg use corresponding CdCl 2Solution.Test is carried out in the glass greenhouse of the Xing Nonglou of Guangdong Ocean University, choosing healthy full seed rinses well repeatedly through deionized water, then be sowed on moistening filter paper and keep 28 ℃ of constant temperature culture, the seed that after 24 h, selection shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally in the Plastic Drum that soil is housed, is planted 60,5 processing horizontals by every barrel in upper seeding on April 2 in 2010,3 repetitions, have 108 barrels, numbering, random district group is arranged.By keeping the water surface in bucket to cultivate higher than native face 1-3cm, the Production of Large Fields rules are pressed in management.When seedling grows the first leaf, select seedling, pull out weak seedling, stay 15 of strong seedlings.
The experimental scheme of late rice test in (4) 2010 years: adopt the method for barrel plant test, the bucket specification is 40 * 50cm 2Every barreled soil 22.0kg; The Cd Stress treatment is for using CdCl 2Solution, on May 8th, 2010 by 0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5,9 processing horizontals such as 4mg/kg use corresponding CdCl 2Solution.Test is carried out in the glass greenhouse of the Xing Nonglou of Guangdong Ocean University, choosing healthy full seed rinses well repeatedly through deionized water, then be sowed on moistening filter paper and keep 28 ℃ of constant temperature culture, the seed that after 24 h, selection shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally in the Plastic Drum that soil is housed, is planted 60,5 processing horizontals by every barrel in upper seeding on July 8 in 2010,3 repetitions, have 108 barrels, numbering, random district group is arranged.By keeping the water surface in bucket to cultivate higher than native face 1-3cm, the Production of Large Fields rules are pressed in management.When seedling grows the first leaf, select seedling, pull out weak seedling, stay 15 of strong seedlings.
Whole strain gathers rice plant sample (5 strain) in tillering stage, flowering stage, the maturing stage of paddy rice respectively, first with the root system of the careful rinse water rice plants of running water and stem thereof, leaf, then clean up again natural air drying with distilled water, pulverized 100 mesh sieves, in the bottle of packing into, bag is standby; Results paddy when paddy rice is ripe, air-dry shelling pulverized, and crosses the 100 mesh sieves bag of packing in bottle standby; For soil specimen, each was processed and divided three points to take soil specimen with soil sampler each breeding time, and sampling depth is decided to be 0-20cm.The sample that gathers is placed on respectively natural air drying in the sample room, and air-dry soil sample is removed the foreign material such as stone and undesirable root, then is placed in mortar, is ground into powder, and the Envelope bag of excessively packing into after 100 mesh sieve is standby.
In the rice plant sample, cadmium element adopts HNO 3-HClO 4Wet digestion method, in soil, the extracting method of total cadmium is selected the HF-HCLO of Chen Huaiman 4-HNO 3Method, the occurrence patterns of Cadmium in Soil are selected the BCR continuous extraction of correction, cadmium content atomic absorption spectroscopy determination in liquid to be measured.Take national standard material GBW07604 (GSV-3) as interior mark control analysis quality, measure reading on the Z2300 of Hitachi type atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
The project indicator of measuring
Tillering stage: in soil, the cadmium of attitude is deposited in total cadmium and each tax thereof: total cadmium (X T), sour molten attitude cadmium (X 1), reducible attitude cadmium (X 2), oxidable attitude cadmium (X 3), residual form cadmium (X 4); The cadmium content of rice plant organ (position): root (Y 1), stem (Y 2), leaf (Y 3), brown rice (Y 4).
Flowering stage: in soil, the cadmium of attitude is deposited in total cadmium and each tax thereof: total cadmium (X T), sour molten attitude cadmium (X 1), reducible attitude cadmium (X 2), oxidable attitude cadmium (X 3), residual form cadmium (X 4); The cadmium content of rice plant organ (position): root (Y 1), stem (Y 2), leaf (Y 3), brown rice (Y 4).
Maturing stage: in soil, the cadmium of attitude is deposited in total cadmium and each tax thereof: total cadmium (X T), sour molten attitude cadmium (X 1), reducible attitude cadmium (X 2), oxidable attitude cadmium (X 3), residual form cadmium (X 4); The cadmium content of rice plant organ (position): root (Y 1), stem (Y 2), leaf (Y 3), brown rice (Y 4).
Mathematical forecasting model
(1) predict the mathematical model of cadmium content in its rice with total cadmium amount in rice plant of tillering stage soil:
Y=0.588X 1.158
(2) predict the mathematical model of cadmium content in its rice with cadmium accumulation in the rice plant of tillering stage plants stems:
Y=0.207X 0.946
(3) with rice plant of tillering stage Cadmium in Soil 4 kinds of taxes deposit the mathematical model (X that the attitude amount is predicted cadmium content in its rice 1Weak acid extractable, X 2Iron and manganese oxides is in conjunction with attitude, X 3Organic matter complex state, X 4Residual form):
Y=0.0256+0.0837X 4 +0.3077X 2 2 -3.008X 3 2 -0.4063X 2 X 4 +2.8571X 3 X 4
According to above-mentioned mathematical forecasting model, gather the rice plant sample in the tillering stage of paddy rice, detect rice plant cadmium accumulation X; Perhaps, gather soil in the tillering stage of paddy rice, detect total cadmium amount X in soil in tillering stage; Perhaps, gather soil in the tillering stage of paddy rice, detect 4 kinds of taxes of Cadmium in Soil in tillering stage and deposit the attitude amount, according to above-mentioned corresponding mathematical forecasting model, i.e. cadmium content Y in rice of measurable maturing stage.Then, according to national standard of soil environment quality (GB 15618-1995) and grain sanitary control standard (GB 2715-2005), establish warning level standard (rice early warning value J=Cd concentration of brown rice predicted value Y/ grain sanitary control standard (0.2mgkg -1), J<0.7 is that devoid of risk, 0.7≤J<1.0 are excessive risk for low-risk, 2≤J<3.0 for risk, 3.0≤J for warning, 1.0≤J<2.0), judge its safety and carry out early warning.
Set forth a lot of details so that fully understand the present invention in top description, still, the present invention can also adopt other to be different from other modes described here and implement, and therefore, can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention.
In a word; although the present invention has exemplified above-mentioned preferred embodiment, should illustrate, although those skilled in the art can carry out various variations and remodeling; unless such variation and remodeling have departed from scope of the present invention, otherwise all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. the safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in a rice, is characterized in that,
Set up following mathematical forecasting model:
The relation of cadmium accumulation X in cadmium content Y and tillering stage rice plant in maturing stage rice:
1. 1.158
Gather the rice plant sample in the tillering stage of paddy rice, detect rice plant cadmium accumulation X, according to above-mentioned mathematical forecasting model, cadmium content Y in prediction maturing stage rice judges its safety and carries out early warning.
2. the safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in rice according to claim 1, is characterized in that: cadmium accumulation X employing HNO in described rice plant sample 3-HClO 4Wet digestion method is measured.
3. the safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in a rice, is characterized in that,
Set up following mathematical forecasting model:
The relation of total cadmium amount X in cadmium content Y and tillering stage soil in maturing stage rice:
0. 0.946
Gather soil in the tillering stage of paddy rice, detect total cadmium amount X in soil in tillering stage, according to above-mentioned mathematical forecasting model, cadmium content Y in prediction maturing stage rice judges its safety and carries out early warning.
4. the safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in rice according to claim 3, is characterized in that: total cadmium amount X employing HF-HCLO in described soil 4-HNO 3Method is measured.
5. the safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in a rice, is characterized in that,
Set up following mathematical forecasting model:
In maturing stage rice cadmium content Y and tillering stage Cadmium in Soil 4 kinds of taxes deposit wherein three kinds of attitude amount (X of attitude 2Iron and manganese oxides is in conjunction with attitude, X 3Organic matter complex state, X 4Residual form) significance is closed:
4. 42 2 3 2 2434
Gather soil in the tillering stage of paddy rice, detect three kinds of attitude amounts of Cadmium in Soil in tillering stage, according to above-mentioned mathematical forecasting model, cadmium content Y in prediction maturing stage rice judges its safety and carries out early warning.
6. the safety monitoring method for early warning of Cd in rice according to claim 5 is characterized in that: 4 kinds of taxes of described Cadmium in Soil are deposited the attitude amount and are adopted the BCR continuous extraction of revising, cadmium content atomic absorption spectroscopy determination in liquid to be measured.
CN201210518709.1A 2012-12-06 2012-12-06 Safety monitoring alarm method of cadmium (Cd) in rice Expired - Fee Related CN103125280B (en)

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