CN104686267B - The method of heavy metal cadmium content in early prediction rice - Google Patents
The method of heavy metal cadmium content in early prediction rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN104686267B CN104686267B CN201510136177.9A CN201510136177A CN104686267B CN 104686267 B CN104686267 B CN 104686267B CN 201510136177 A CN201510136177 A CN 201510136177A CN 104686267 B CN104686267 B CN 104686267B
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- rice
- cadmium content
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Storage Of Harvested Produce (AREA)
Abstract
The method that the present invention provides heavy metal cadmium content in a kind of early prediction rice, a kind of Forecasting Methodology is provided for quality of rice classification.The method of heavy metal cadmium content, comprises the following steps in early prediction rice：1) since thering is the hard grain of rice to occur, continuous several times collection paddy sample；2) dry, determine cadmium content in rice.The present invention can carry first three weeks and predict contents level of certain region rice field millet in harvest time cadmium, when harvest by different risk classes rice can be stored respectively, the rice management of different level of securitys can be gained time for government, it is simple to operate in real work, it is easy to implement.
Description
Technical field
It is in advance rice safe graded management the present invention relates to a kind of method of heavy metal cadmium content in early prediction rice
Proficiency data are provided.
Background technology
Rice is one of main grain of China, and the population in the whole nation more than 60% is using rice as staple food, and cadmium is a kind of poisonous
Heavy metal, damages renal tubule, the metabolism of bone is obstructed, cause a series of symptoms such as osteoporosis, atrophy, deformation.
Therefore, the cadmium maximum magnitude in the World Health Organization (WHO) and FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) (FAO) regulation cereal is 0.1mg/
Kg, it is 0.2mg/kg that China, which defines cadmium maximum limitation in rice,.China is accounted for ploughing by the cultivated area of heavy metal pollution at present
The 1/5 of the ground gross area, contaminated land is possible to produce the cereal crops of pollution, and human health is threatened by food chain.Closely
Hunan, Guangdong occur over year " cadmium rice ", causes the masses panic, reflects great attention of the people to rice quality safety, together
When also reflect it is emergent in grain quality security incident present in it is not enough, because paddy rice is easy to absorb heavy metal cadmium, therefore mesh
Preceding rice cadmium is the main harm factor of Rice Production, if predicting cadmium content in certain region rice in advance before rice harvesting,
It will be gained time for administrative department in management, early warning scheme is carried out in advance, by the rice of different cadmium pollution horizontal zones point
Class is stored, and this is significant in quality of rice differentiated control.
CN103749223A discloses a kind of exceeded method for integrated control of rice cadmium；CN103314693A discloses one kind
Application of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate in rice heavy metal cadmium accumulation is reduced；CN103314999A discloses a kind of soluble calcium salt and subtracted
Application in few rice heavy metal cadmium accumulation；CN103392401A discloses a kind of salicylic acid and is reducing rice heavy metal cadmium accumulation
In application；A kind of method that CN103250485B discloses utilization modifying agent and agronomy Comprehensive Control rice cadmium pollution；
CN103004439A discloses a kind of exceeded combination prevention and controls of slight cadmium pollution soil rice cadmium.But these all relate to as
What controls the technology of cadmium content.
CN103125280B discloses a kind of safety monitoring method for early warning of cadmium in rice, and the patent mainly passes through tiller
Cadmium content of the phase (still having 60 days or so away from paddy rice maturation harvest) in plant set up math equation, and thus calculates the maturity period
The content of rice cadmium.It is well known that the meteorological condition such as temperature, precipitation has a strong impact on paddy growth situation, so as to have influence on environment
The degree that middle cadmium is shifted into seed, and it is uncontrollable up to the field weather conditions in the Later Stage of Rice growth of 60 days or so,
With very big uncertainty, therefore by determining early stage plant cadmium content, maturity period Cd concentration of brown rice is calculated with mathematical modeling
Method it is not believed that, very not science is difficult to popularization and application in real work.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of method of heavy metal cadmium content in early prediction rice, are
Quality of rice classification provides a kind of Forecasting Methodology.
The technical proposal for solving the technical problem of the invention is：The side of heavy metal cadmium content in early prediction rice
Method, comprises the following steps：1) since thering is the hard grain of rice to occur, continuous several times collection paddy sample；2) dry, determine cadmium in rice
Content.
Further, the early stage refers to rice harvest first three weeks.
Further, step 2) it is described measure be use atomic absorption spectrography (AAS) and electro microscope energy spectrum instrument method.
Further, the step 2) there is step afterwards：Full ripe stage Cd concentration of brown rice is predicted being sampled since the 2nd time.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Can carry first three weeks predicts content water of certain region rice field millet in harvest time cadmium
It is flat, by different risk classes rice can be stored respectively, the rice of different level of securitys can be managed for government when harvest
Gain time, it is simple to operate in real work, it is easy to implement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is four rice varieties pustulation periods of three testing sites of embodiments of the invention and solid period Cd concentration of brown rice
The statistical testing results.
Embodiment
The method of the present invention is that, in rice milking stage productive phase, since having the hard grain of rice to occur, continuous several times gather paddy sample
This, until full ripe stage, takes back indoor drying, determines cadmium content in rice, then pass through statistical check analysis sampling time and rice
The relation of cadmium content, as a result finds that, in whole pustulation period and solid period, some Cd concentration of brown rice difference is not notable, first had
It is presented significant difference during secondary sampled result and complete ripeness, therefore predicts full ripe stage Cd concentration of brown rice should being sampled since the 2nd time,
Time is probably the first three weeks of rice harvest.With atomic absorption spectrography (AAS) and electro microscope energy spectrum instrument method analysis heavy metal cadmium in paddy rice seed
Distribution condition in grain different parts, two methods are shown：Embryo cadmium content is significantly higher than endosperm, content of the cadmium in rice embryo
It is 12 times of endosperm, pericarp cadmium content is 8 times of endosperm or so.Although different researcher's result differences are larger, perhaps with test
Method divergence is relevant, perhaps relevant with the environment cadmium content and rice varieties of paddy growth, but common ground is all cadmium master in seed
Concentrate on endosperm and pericarp.It is main in the stage of wax ripeness and full ripe stage of paddy and embryo and pericarp reality are formed in grouting early stage
If the accumulation of much starch forms the phase, whole kernel cadmium increase is not notable.Can be seen that by the result of study of the present invention can
Just to gather paddy sample from rice milking stage solid early stage or mid-term, Cadmium detrmination is carried out, that is, first three weeks can be carried to complete
Ripe phase Cd concentration of brown rice is predicted, and is that rice management of the government to different level of securitys gains time, is grasped in real work
Make simple, it is easy to implement.
Embodiment：
In four kinds of different types of paddy rice of grown on soil of 3 kinds of different zones, specific method is：
Select the field soil of three kinds of heterogeneitys (acidity is respectively pH ＜ 5, pH 5-5.5, pH 5.5-6.0), experiment
Be advisable perfume 3728, number D excellent 128, fragrant No. 6 of river and preferably perfume 99E-4, random district's groups arrangement, 3 repetitions, plot area 2m with kind
× 1l m, spacing in the rows is 15cm, and line-spacing is 20cm.Field planting management presses crop field conventional measure.Have in paddy rice from During Grain-filling
The milk stage of hard grain of rice formation, rice was gathered every four days, until paddy rice full ripe stage, gathers six times, persistently approach altogether
20 days, sampling number was represented with 1,2,3,4,5,6 respectively.Sample is taken back indoor 60 DEG C of drying, shelling, crushed, atomic absorption light
Degree method determines cadmium content in sample, carries out Mathematical Statistics Analysis to result using Tukey-KramerHSD statistical softwares, as a result sees
Difference lowercase letter Tukey-Kramer HSD examine and determine the significant difference of each sub-sampling of kind 6 on mullion in Fig. 1, Fig. 1
Property, wherein, there is the representative significant difference (P ＜ 0.05) of different lowercases, the representative with same letter in Fig. 1 on mullion
Difference is not notable (P ＞ 0.05).I.e.：Without significant difference between a and a, have without significant difference between a and ab, between a and b significantly
Difference.Reference numerals represent sample time.Summarized results is shown in Table 1- tables 4.
If less than 0.2mg/kg the rice cadmium limit standard of China is set into safety, with reference to other are regional in the world, such as
Japan, Taiwan, the standard of Thailand, low-risk is set between 0.2mg/kg and 0.4mg/kg, higher than 0.4mg/kg
Positioning excessive risk if, four strains are planted three different locations, draw three kinds of different results.
Interpretation of result：
1st, judged with exceeding standard rate
From table 1- tables 4 as can be seen that calculating exceeding standard rate with national standard 0.2mg/kg, four strains are in same environment bar
All all it is 0% without significant difference, i.e. exceeding standard rate between Cd concentration of brown rice under part, 6 sampled results, or is all 100%.But
Each place is because of the difference of environmental condition, and Cd concentration of brown rice scope is different, and such as four strains are complete in 1 group of Yang Wan villages Cd concentration of brown rice
Portion meets national standard (≤0.2mg/kg), should be classified as devoid of risk rank, can be with safe edible；Four strains are 19 groups of Fang Yi villages
The result of Cd concentration of brown rice can be classified as low-risk rank between 0.2mg/kg-0.4mg/kg；Four strains are in Fang Yi villages 3
The result of group Cd concentration of brown rice is all higher than 0.4mg/kg, can be classified as excessive risk rank.Therefore, these three different risk levels
Rice can be stored respectively.
2nd, judged with the statistical testing results
General Cd concentration of brown rice is all the result obtained full ripe stage, therefore we are just with time sampled result of full ripe stage, i.e., the 6th
For reference, significance difference analysis is carried out with Tukey-Kramer HSD statistical softwares.
Preferably fragrant 3728：As can be seen from Figure 1, preferably perfume 3728 is in the experiment in 1 group of Yang Wan villages, Cd concentration of brown rice between 6 sampled results
Without significant difference (P ＞ 0.05)), and it is similar in 3 groups of 19 Zu Hefangyi villages of Fang Yi villages result, except first time sampling and full ripe stage
As a result it is outer that there were significant differences between, without significant difference between other 5 results, although being judged with exceeding standard rate between each sampled result
Without significant difference, but from more rigorous attitude, it should be predicted since the 2nd sampling time, the time is probably harvest first three weeks.
D excellent 128：In addition to the sampled result of Fang Yi villages 19 group the 1st time and full ripe stage result statistical check conclusion significant difference, its
On his two places, without significant difference between each sampled result, equally, although being judged with exceeding standard rate between each sampled result without aobvious
Difference is write, from more rigorous attitude, should be predicted since the 2nd sampling time, the time is probably harvest first three weeks.
River is fragrant No. 6：Without significant difference between each sampled result in 3 groups of Fang Yi villages, but it is similar in other two places appearance
Rule, is all that the 1st time there were significant differences between sampled result and full ripe stage sampled result, all poor without conspicuousness between other 5 results
It is different, equally, although being judged with exceeding standard rate between each sampled result without significant difference, from more rigorous attitude, it should be adopted from the 2nd time
The sample time starts prediction, and the time is probably harvest first three weeks.
Suitable perfume 99E-4：The kind the statistical testing results trend and suitable fragrant 3728 unanimous on the whole, the examinations that 1 group of Ji Yangwan villages
Test, Cd concentration of brown rice is without significant difference (P ＞ 0.05) between 6 sampled results), and in 3 groups of 19 Zu Hefangyi villages of Fang Yi villages result
It is similar, in addition to there were significant differences between the 1st sampling and full ripe stage result, without significant difference between other 5 results, although
Judged with exceeding standard rate between each sampled result without significant difference, should be pre- since the 2nd sampling time from more rigorous attitude
Survey, the time is probably harvest first three weeks.
Us are analyzed more than can obtain drawing a conclusion：We can carry first three weeks any phase acquisition paddy completely
Sample predictions full ripe stage Cd concentration of brown rice, is that forewarning function is played in rice safety management.
Table 1, preferably fragrant 3728 rice varieties predict the outcome in different location Cd concentration of brown rice
Excellent 128 rice varieties of table 2, number D predict the outcome in different location rice cadmium
Table 3, fragrant No. 6 rice varieties in river predict the outcome in different location Cd concentration of brown rice
Table 4, preferably perfume 99E-4 rice varieties predict the outcome in different location rice cadmium
Claims (2)
1. the method for heavy metal cadmium content in early prediction rice, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：1) from there is the hard grain of rice to go out
Now start, continuous several times collection paddy sample；2) dry, determine cadmium content in rice；The early stage refer to rice harvest first three
Week, the step 2) there is step afterwards：Full ripe stage Cd concentration of brown rice is predicted being sampled since the 2nd time, the rice variety is advisable
Perfume 3728, D excellent 128, fragrant No. 6 of river and preferably perfume 99E-4.
2. the method for heavy metal cadmium content in early prediction rice as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2) it is described
Measure is to use atomic absorption spectrography (AAS) and electro microscope energy spectrum instrument method.
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| CN101133710A (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2008-03-05 | 中国水稻研究所 | Method for controlling the accumulation of the heavy metal cadmium in the rice corn |
| CN103125280A (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-06-05 | 广东海洋大学 | Safety monitoring alarm method of cadmium (Cd) in rice |
| CN103385144A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-11-13 | 中国计量学院 | Rice planting method |
| CN103616368A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-05 | 浙江省嘉兴市农业科学研究院（所） | Rice grain heavy metal pollution risk forecasting method based on soil heavy metal DTPA (diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid) extractable state content |
| CN103766182A (en) * | 2013-10-20 | 2014-05-07 | 湘潭顺天农业科技开发有限公司 | Rice cultivation method for effectively reducing cadmium content of unhulled rice |
| CN104041362A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-09-17 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Method for safely producing rice in rice field with serious Cd pollution |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01133992A (en) * | 1987-11-19 | 1989-05-26 | Mitsubishi Mining & Cement Co Ltd | Heavy metal absorption suppressing fertilizer composition |
| JPH01132318A (en) * | 1987-11-19 | 1989-05-24 | Mitsubishi Mining & Cement Co Ltd | Fertilizer application to suppress heavy metal absorption |
| CN104359793A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-18 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Method for rapidly identifying low-cadmium accumulation rice varieties |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101133710A (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2008-03-05 | 中国水稻研究所 | Method for controlling the accumulation of the heavy metal cadmium in the rice corn |
| CN103125280A (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-06-05 | 广东海洋大学 | Safety monitoring alarm method of cadmium (Cd) in rice |
| CN103385144A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-11-13 | 中国计量学院 | Rice planting method |
| CN103766182A (en) * | 2013-10-20 | 2014-05-07 | 湘潭顺天农业科技开发有限公司 | Rice cultivation method for effectively reducing cadmium content of unhulled rice |
| CN103616368A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-03-05 | 浙江省嘉兴市农业科学研究院（所） | Rice grain heavy metal pollution risk forecasting method based on soil heavy metal DTPA (diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid) extractable state content |
| CN104041362A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2014-09-17 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所 | Method for safely producing rice in rice field with serious Cd pollution |
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