CN103110425A - Cone-beam X-ray luminescence tomography system of combination imaging and method thereof - Google Patents
Cone-beam X-ray luminescence tomography system of combination imaging and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cone-beam X-ray luminescence tomography system of combination imaging and a method thereof. The system comprises a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera, an X-ray source, an X-ray detector, an electronic control rotating table and a narrow-band filter, wherein the CCD camera, the X-ray source, the X-ray detector, the electronic control rotating table and the narrow-band filter are coupled with a lens. The CCD camera and the narrow-band filter are fixed in the same direction, and then a to-be-imaged object, the CCD camera and the narrow-band filter are located on the same straight line; the X-ray source and the X-ray detector are placed in the direction perpendicular to the CCD camera, and then the X-ray source, the to-be-imaged object and the X-ray detector are located on the same straight line; and the CCD camera, the electronic control rotating table, the X-ray source and the X-ray detector are controlled to operate by using a computer. According to the cone-beam X-ray luminescence tomography system of the combination imaging and the method thereof, use ratios of X-rays are improved, and medicine of the to-be-imaged object can be fully excited; X-ray irradiation time is shortened, X-ray irradiation doses are reduced, and popularization and application of X-ray excitation imaging are benefited; information fusion of two types of imaging modals is achieved, and more biological characteristics of the to-be-imaged object are acquired.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronic technology field, in particular the luminous computed tomography (SPECT) system of a kind of cone-beam X-ray of joint imaging.The present invention utilizes cone-beam X-ray to excite the interior medicine of object to be imaged, the medicine of object to be imaged is stimulated fully, and can utilize x-ray imaging to obtain the 3 D anatomy structure information of imaging thing, thereby obtain the three-dimensional spatial distribution imaging of medicine in object to be imaged accurately, carry out realizing multi-modality imaging in fluorescence fault imaging process treating imaging object.
Background technology
X ray computer fault imaging (CT) technology is widely used in obtaining of the high anatomical structure picture of spatial resolution, but its effect in the molecular image field is very limited.Several contrast agent that iodine and barium sulfate etc. are a small amount of are in the situation that its concentration enough (〉 1mg/ml) can be used for the CT imaging, however in order to make CT become a kind of effective molecular image imaging technique, people also need more highly sensitive x-ray contrast agent.
Developing into of X ray luminous (X-ray luminescence) imaging technique realizes that X ray provides new possibility in the imaging of body Molecular Tracing.When using some specific material of x-ray bombardment (as the phosphorus nano-particle), can send the near infrared light signal that can penetrate biological tissue and be detected by photoelectric detection equipment, i.e. X ray luminous (X-ray luminescence).For example, can produce approximately 5000 fluorescent photons when the x-ray photon of single 100keV excites the phosphorus nano-particle, the luminous signal intensity of X ray is proportional to the concentration of phosphorus nano-particle.At present, developed the multiple experiment material that can be used for the X ray luminescence imaging, below we are referred to as medicine.
The X ray luminescence imaging adopts the medicine of excitation of X-rays object to be imaged, utilizes the fluorescence signal that ejects to carry out imaging, thereby can obtain the space distribution information of this particular medication.During the people such as C.T.Badea exist " Investigations on x-ray luminescence CT for small animal imaging; Physics of Medical Imaging; vol.8313,83130T, 2012 ", the luminous method for reconstructing of narrow beam X ray has been proposed.The method adopts stereotype and the x-ray source with the little pin hole of 2mm to produce the narrow beam X ray, and the data that gather 14 angles use respectively filter back-projection algorithm and maximal possibility estimation algorithm through the row three-dimensional reconstruction.The deficiency of the method is that the X ray that x-ray source sends can not fully be used for exciting the medicine of object to be imaged, gathers the fluorescence data time long, and has increased x-ray irradiation dose.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of luminous computed tomography (SPECT) system of cone-beam X-ray and method thereof of joint imaging are provided, take full advantage of the X ray that x-ray source is launched, the medicine of object to be imaged is stimulated fully, and utilize the x-ray tomography imaging technique to obtain the three dimensional structure information of object to be imaged, for the three-dimensional reconstruction of fluorescence data provides prior information.Utilize computer that three dimensional structure information and fluorescence data reconstructed results are carried out image registration, realize the multimodal information fusion of thing to be imaged, more fully obtain the biological characteristic of thing to be imaged.This system more takes full advantage of X ray than narrow beam X ray luminescent method, shortens irradiation time, reduces exposure dose, more is conducive to practical application.
Concrete thought of the present invention is: on existing x-ray tomography imaging system, increase the CCD camera, be used for gathering fluorescence signal; And the x-ray tomography imaging system is merged, obtain the 3 D anatomy structure information of thing to be imaged as the prior information of fluorescence molecule cross sectional reconstruction, utilize computer to carry out to two kinds of imaging results the multimodal information fusion that image registration realizes thing to be imaged, improved the correctness that fluorescence signal is rebuild.
To achieve these goals, the luminous computed tomography (SPECT) system of the cone-beam X-ray of joint imaging of the present invention comprises CCD camera, x-ray source, X-ray detector, automatically controlled turntable, narrow band filter slice with Lens Coupling; On the fixing same direction of CDD camera and narrow band filter slice, guarantee that object to be imaged, CCD camera and narrow band filter slice are on the same straight line; X-ray source and X-ray detector are placed on the direction vertical with the CCD camera, and guarantee that x-ray source, object to be imaged and X-ray detector are on same straight line; Utilize computer control CCD camera, automatically controlled turntable, x-ray source and X-ray detector operation; Wherein:
Described CCD camera is used for gathering the transmission-type fluorescence data that is produced by excitation of X-rays of object to be imaged;
Described x-ray source is used for launching X ray, and it is luminous to be excited into the medicine that looks like interior of articles, produces fluorescence signal;
Described X-ray detector is used for gathering the X ray data for projection that x-ray source sent and passed testee;
Described automatically controlled turntable is used for driving object to be imaged and is rotated, and realizes that multi-angle gathers X ray data for projection and the transmission-type fluorescence data of object to be imaged;
Described narrow band filter slice was used for filtering X ray luminous signal other signals in addition;
Described computer, be used for controlling the operation of CCD camera, x-ray source and X-ray detector and automatically controlled turntable, receive and process the transmission-type fluorescence data of CCD camera transmission, receive and process the X ray data for projection, X ray data for projection and transmission-type fluorescence data are carried out three-dimensional reconstruction, image after rebuilding is carried out registration merge, realize the multimodal information fusion of object to be imaged.
Described system, described x-ray source is the x-ray source of cone-beam, the ray that sends can cover whole object to be imaged.
Described system, the centre wavelength of described narrow band filter slice and the centre wavelength of fluorescence signal are consistent.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is based on the method for the cone-beam X-ray exciting tomography fluorescence imaging system of joint imaging, its concrete steps are as follows:
(1) the transmission-type fluorescence data gathers
X-ray source emission X ray excites the medicine of object to be imaged to send fluorescence signal, and the fluorescence signal that the CCD collected by camera penetrates object to be imaged forms the transmission-type fluorescence data, and is transferred to computer; After computer is completed the collection of a certain angle fluorescence signal, drive object rotation to be imaged by automatically controlled turntable, the anglec of rotation waits until that by computer control automatically controlled turntable gathers fluorescence signal after fully static again, repeats to object rotating 360 degrees to be imaged always;
(2) collection of X ray data for projection
X-ray source emission X ray, utilize the X-ray detector collection to penetrate the X ray of object to be imaged, and with the transfer of data that collects in computer, computer is completed the data for projection collection, drive object rotation to be imaged by automatically controlled turntable, the anglec of rotation waits until that by computer control automatically controlled turntable gathers data for projection after fully static again, repeats to object rotating 360 degrees to be imaged always;
Step (1) and step (2) be order in no particular order;
(3) pretreatment of transmission-type fluorescence data
The CCD camera is transferred to computer with the fluorescence data that collects, and computer carries out the pretreatment of noise remove to the transmission-type fluorescence data that step (1) collects;
(4) the X ray data for projection is processed
Computer utilizes filtered back projection's algorithm for reconstructing, and the X ray data for projection that step (2) is gathered carries out three-dimensional reconstruction, obtains the 3 D anatomy structure information of object to be imaged;
(5) surface data mapping
Computer utilizes the pinhole imaging system principle, the pretreated transmission-type fluorescence data of step (3) is mapped to the surface of the object dimensional anatomical information to be imaged of step (4), obtains the three dimensional structure information that distributes with fluorescence signal;
(6) three-dimensional reconstruction of fluorescence data
The 3 D anatomy structure information of step (4) as prior information, is carried out three-dimensional reconstruction with algebraic reconstruction technique to the three dimensional structure information with fluorescence data that obtains in step (5), obtain the medicine distributed image of object to be imaged;
(7) the three-dimensional reconstruction image registration merges
Computer adopts the three-dimensional reconstruction image of step (3) and (6) the two kinds of imaging patterns that acquire and carries out registration based on the translation of registration point and rotation and merge, and acquires the fluorescence faultage image after fusion, realizes the multimodal information fusion of object to be imaged.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
The first, the present invention adopts cone-beam X-ray to excite the medicine of object to be imaged, has overcome the lower shortcoming of X ray utilization rate in existing excitation of X-rays formation method, has improved the utilization rate of X ray, and the medicine of object to be imaged is stimulated fully.
Second, the present invention adopts cone-beam X-ray to excite the medicine of object to be imaged, overcome long shortcoming of x-ray bombardment time in present excitation of X-rays formation method, reduced x-ray bombardment time and exposure dose, more be conducive to the promotion and application of excitation of X-rays imaging.
The 3rd, the present invention adopts the fusion of fluorescence fault imaging and two kinds of image modes of x-ray tomography imaging, can obtain simultaneously three dimensional structure image and the medicine distribution situation of object to be imaged, realize the information fusion of two kinds of image modes, obtain the more biological characteristic of object to be imaged.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the inventive method.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The present invention is based on the luminous computed tomography (SPECT) system of cone-beam X-ray of joint imaging, comprise 2, one X-ray detectors 3 of 1, one x-ray source of CCD camera with Lens Coupling, automatically controlled turntable 4, narrow band filter slice 5, object 6 to be imaged, computer 7.
The centre wavelength of narrow band filter slice 5 will be consistent with the centre wavelength of fluorescence signal.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 2, method of the present invention is described further.
Step 1 transmission-type fluorescence data gathers
Step 2X ray projection data gathers
Completing steps 1, computer 7 is controlled x-ray source 2 emission X ray, the X ray that penetrates object 6 to be imaged detects through X-ray detector 3, computer 7 is completed the data for projection collection, drive object 6 rotations to be imaged by automatically controlled turntable 4, the anglec of rotation is controlled by computer 7, waits until that automatically controlled turntable 4 gathers data for projection after fully static again, repeats to object 6 rotating 360 degrees to be imaged always;
The pretreatment of step 3 transmission-type fluorescence data
CCD camera 1 is transferred to computer 7 with the fluorescence data that collects, and the fluorescence data that 7 pairs of steps 1 of computer collect carries out the pretreatment of noise remove,
Step 4X ray projection data is processed
The mapping of step 5 surface data
The three-dimensional reconstruction of step 6 fluorescence data
The 3 D anatomy structure information of step 4 as prior information, is carried out three-dimensional reconstruction with algebraic reconstruction technique to the three dimensional structure information with fluorescence data that obtains in step 5, obtain the medicine distributed image of object 6 to be imaged;
The three-dimensional reconstruction image that 7 pairs of steps 3 of computer and step 6 acquire two kinds of imaging patterns adopts and to carry out registration based on the translation of registration point and rotation and merge, and acquires the fluorescence faultage image after fusion, realizes the multimodal information fusion of object 6 to be imaged.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or conversion, and all these improve and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the luminous computed tomography (SPECT) system of the cone-beam X-ray of a joint imaging, comprise CCD camera, x-ray source, X-ray detector, automatically controlled turntable, narrow band filter slice with Lens Coupling; On the fixing same direction of CDD camera and narrow band filter slice, guarantee that object to be imaged, CCD camera and narrow band filter slice are on the same straight line; X-ray source and X-ray detector are placed on the direction vertical with the CCD camera, and guarantee that x-ray source, object to be imaged and X-ray detector are on same straight line; Utilize computer control CCD camera, automatically controlled turntable, x-ray source and X-ray detector operation; Wherein:
Described CCD camera is used for gathering the transmission-type fluorescence data that is produced by excitation of X-rays of object to be imaged;
Described x-ray source is used for launching X ray, and it is luminous to be excited into the medicine that looks like interior of articles, produces fluorescence signal;
Described X-ray detector is used for gathering the X ray data for projection that x-ray source sent and passed testee;
Described automatically controlled turntable is used for driving object to be imaged and is rotated, and realizes that multi-angle gathers X ray data for projection and the transmission-type fluorescence data of object to be imaged;
Described narrow band filter slice was used for filtering X ray luminous signal other signals in addition;
Described computer, be used for controlling the operation of CCD camera, x-ray source and X-ray detector and automatically controlled turntable, receive and process the transmission-type fluorescence data of CCD camera transmission, receive and process the X ray data for projection, X ray data for projection and transmission-type fluorescence data are carried out three-dimensional reconstruction, image after rebuilding is carried out registration merge, realize the multimodal information fusion of object to be imaged.
2. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described x-ray source is the x-ray source of cone-beam, and the ray that sends can cover whole object to be imaged.
3. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the centre wavelength of described narrow band filter slice and the centre wavelength of fluorescence signal are consistent.
4. the method for the luminous computed tomography (SPECT) system of cone-beam X-ray according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises that step is as follows:
(1) the transmission-type fluorescence data gathers
X-ray source emission X ray excites the medicine of object to be imaged to send fluorescence signal, and the fluorescence signal that the CCD collected by camera penetrates object to be imaged forms the transmission-type fluorescence data, and is transferred to computer; After computer is completed the collection of a certain angle fluorescence signal, drive object rotation to be imaged by automatically controlled turntable, the anglec of rotation waits until that by computer control automatically controlled turntable gathers fluorescence signal after fully static again, repeats to object rotating 360 degrees to be imaged always;
(2) collection of X ray data for projection
X-ray source emission X ray, utilize the X-ray detector collection to penetrate the X ray of object to be imaged, and with the transfer of data that collects in computer, computer is completed the data for projection collection, drive object rotation to be imaged by automatically controlled turntable, the anglec of rotation waits until that by computer control automatically controlled turntable gathers data for projection after fully static again, repeats to object rotating 360 degrees to be imaged always;
Step (1) and step (2) be order in no particular order;
(3) pretreatment of transmission-type fluorescence data
The CCD camera is transferred to computer with the fluorescence data that collects, and computer carries out the pretreatment of noise remove to the transmission-type fluorescence data that step (1) collects;
(4) the X ray data for projection is processed
Computer utilizes filtered back projection's algorithm for reconstructing, and the X ray data for projection that step (2) is gathered carries out three-dimensional reconstruction, obtains the 3 D anatomy structure information of object to be imaged;
(5) surface data mapping
Computer utilizes the pinhole imaging system principle, the pretreated transmission-type fluorescence data of step (3) is mapped to the surface of the object dimensional anatomical information to be imaged of step (4), obtains the three dimensional structure information that distributes with fluorescence signal;
(6) three-dimensional reconstruction of fluorescence data
The 3 D anatomy structure information of step (4) as prior information, is carried out three-dimensional reconstruction with algebraic reconstruction technique to the three dimensional structure information with fluorescence data that obtains in step (5), obtain the medicine distributed image of object to be imaged;
(7) the three-dimensional reconstruction image registration merges
Computer adopts the three-dimensional reconstruction image of step (3) and (6) the two kinds of imaging patterns that acquire and carries out registration based on the translation of registration point and rotation and merge, and acquires the fluorescence faultage image after fusion, realizes the multimodal information fusion of object to be imaged.
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