CN103004408A - Tomato seedling method in sunlight greenhouse - Google Patents
Tomato seedling method in sunlight greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN103004408A CN103004408A CN 201210520899 CN201210520899A CN103004408A CN 103004408 A CN103004408 A CN 103004408A CN 201210520899 CN201210520899 CN 201210520899 CN 201210520899 A CN201210520899 A CN 201210520899A CN 103004408 A CN103004408 A CN 103004408A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a tomato seedling method in a sunlight greenhouse. The method comprises the following steps of seed treatment and seedling management. The method is characterized in that firstly, tomato seeds are respectively soaked in clean water, hot water and a trisodium phosphate solution in sequence, and then the seeds are soaked in clean water and drained; then the processed seeds are soaked in jerusalem artichoke juice and placed on wet gauze and covered by a polyethylene film; and after seed germination, the seeds are inserted into a nutrient substrate of a seedling disc for seedling. Through seedling management, the control over the temperature and humidity of each stage of seedling is strengthened, so as to optimize the seedling effect. The tomato seedling method has the beneficial effect that the emergence rate of tomato seedling in the sunlight greenhouse and the survival rate of transplantation are increased, and the tomato seedling method plays a significant role for farmers in enlarging tomato planting areas, promoting economic growth, effectively absorbing the surplus rural labor force and promoting new rural construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the proportion of crop planting technical field, be specially a kind of Tomato in Greenhouse seedling-cultivating method.
Background technology
Tomato (Tomato) another name tomato is one of the most general fruit and vegetable of whole world cultivation.The U.S., the Soviet Union, Italy and China are major country of production.Country, China and Japan in the Europe, the United States continent has large tracts of land greenhouse, plastic tunnel and other protection ground facility cultivations.
Tomato is to the requirement of planting environment condition: (1) temperature: tomato is thermophilic vegetable, and under normal operation, the assimilation optimum temperature is 20～25 ℃, and the adaptability of soil temperature of root growth is 20～22 ℃.Improve soil temperature and can not only promote root system development, Content of Nitrate-Nitrogen in Soil significantly increases simultaneously, the acceleration of growing, and output increases.(2) illumination: tomato is happiness light crop, and light saturation point is 70000lx, and suitable intensity of illumination is 30000～50000lx.Tomato is short-day plant, turning to basic demand short-day in the reproductive growth process by nourishing and growing, but requirement is not strict, some kind can be buddingged in advance under short-day and be bloomed, most kinds are then bloomed under the sunshine of 11～13h early, and plant strain growth is healthy and strong.(3) moisture: tomato had both needed more moisture, but needn't be often a large amount of irrigations generally is advisable with soil moisture 60～80%, air humidity 45～50%.Air humidity is large, not only hinder normal pollination, and disease is serious under hot and humid condition.(4) soil and nutrition: tomato requires not too strict to soil condition, but for obtaining high yield, promotes root system well to grow, and should select soil layer deep, and draining is good, is rich in organic fertile loam.Soil acidity or alkalinity is advisable with pH6～7, and the soil of peracid or mistake alkali should be improved.Tomato needs to absorb a large amount of nutriments from soil in growing process, and according to the Ai Jie Begiristain, every production 5000kg fruit need to absorb potassium oxide 33kg, nitrogen 10kg, phosphoric acid 5kg from soil.
In recent years, the develop rapidly of Tomato in Greenhouse industry, cultivated area progressively enlarges, remarkable benefit increases, become one of strong industry the most competitive in the plant husbandry, increase farmers' income, boost economic growth, effectively absorbing rural surplus laborers, promote the aspect such as new countryside construction and brought into play outstanding role.But, take greenhouse by solar heat as main industrialized agriculture, as by traditional farming to the main mode of production of modern agriculture transition and the pillar industry of vegetables industry, because the key link of tomato planting is still grown seedlings, the present invention passes through planting experiment, by a kind of new seedling-cultivating method, by the survival rate of tomato seedling.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the Tomato in Greenhouse seedling-cultivating method, adopt seed treatment, temperature is effectively controlled in the cultivation of nutrient matrix seedling dish, to improve the success rate of growing seedlings of tomato, promotes the tomato planting benefit.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
One, seed treatment
1, with the tomato seeds of choosing, soaked seed 2～3 hours with clear water, pull out again seed is put into 45～55 ℃ of hot water, keep even water temperature and soaked 15 minutes, then put into 10% trisodium phosphate solution and soaked 20 minutes, pull out again and drained stand-by in 3～4 hours with Seed soaking.
2, after the jerusalem artichoke stem tuber is freezing, thaw and squeeze the juice, tomato seeds is placed on soaks 8～12 hours in the jerusalem artichoke juice, again the seed loosely is placed on the wet gauze that folds 3 layers, then cover with polyethylene film, and keep ventilative, temperature remains on 20～25 ℃, eluriate 1～2 time with clear water every day, to upgrade air and to keep humidity.Behind the seed sprouting, be sown into seedling-cultivating tray and grow seedlings.The seed soaking of described jerusalem artichoke juice, be utilize that jerusalem artichoke juice is amino acid contained, vitamin, starch, dextrase composition, effectively promote the germination of tomato seeds.
3, the seedling-cultivating tray nutrient matrix of growing seedlings is that humus soil is neutralized to pH value is 5.8-6.8, in 1000 parts of humus soil, add fertilizer one trace and macroelement again, its weight portion is: ammonium salt: 100-450 part, potash fertilizer: 250-450 part, trace element magnesium: 200-350 part, trace elements iron: 30-60 part, trace copper: 30-60 part, trace element zinc: 5-15 part, trace element manganese: 3-5 part, boric acid: 5-8 part: shale ashes 2000-5000 part.Wherein ammonium salt is at least a in ammonium phosphate, the ammonium nitrate.
Two, seedling management
1, temperature control
Adopt propagating seeding in cold frame, take full advantage of solar energy with the raising bed temperature, and utilize polyethylene film to cover the bed temperature that keeps higher.Young shoot begins to push up soil when emerging, if because earthing is excessively thin, finds the top shell phenomenon, immediately earthing.Bed temperature is controlled at 25～28 ℃ of temperature in daytime, and night, temperature was 15～18 ℃.
2, humidity control
Emerging to minute seedling mainly is to regulate the seedbed temp. and humidity, except germinate, emerge and minute seedling field planting after seedling-slowing stage, outside the temperature and humidity of having relatively high expectations, do not need high humility other periods.Day temperature is controlled at 20～25 ℃, and nocturnal temperature is controlled at 10～15 ℃, and humidity is controlled at: 70%-75%, in case excessive growth.Dividing seedling front 4～5 days, is to adapt to minute lower temperature in seedbed, improves the survival rate after transplanting, the slow seedling of promotion, and the bed temperature of this moment reduces by 2～3 ℃ again.
3, transplant planting adopts root band nutrient matrix disjunctor to transplant seedlings when seedling grows to 2～3 true leaves.Spray 800 times of zineb liquids seedling stage 1～2 time.Select the Seeding planting of 7～8 leaves, well developed root system during field planting.50～55 centimetres of ridge bottom width, the ridge is high 30 centimetres, 50～60 centimetres of row spacings, 21～26 centimetres of spacing in the rows, every mu of field planting 2500～3500 strains.
The beneficial effect of a kind of Tomato in Greenhouse seedling-cultivating method of the present invention is to adopt seed treatment, seedling management, improved the emergence rate that Tomato in Greenhouse is grown seedlings, the survival rate of transplanting, enlarge plantation tomato area for the peasant, boost economic growth, effectively absorbing rural surplus laborers, promote the aspect performance outstanding role such as new countryside construction.
Embodiment
The present invention lasts test in 2 years in conjunction with Tu Men town, Gulang County, Gansu Province, Surabaja town, Da Jing town, lake Tan Zhen, 5 small towns, Zhi Tan township, is described further.
Example one: a kind of Tomato in Greenhouse seedling-cultivating method
1, the foundation of Tomato in Greenhouse seedling raising greenhouse
Situation according to five small towns Tomato in Greenhouse plantations, a seedling grow family is selected in each small towns, recruit, select TD technical director and project test family by the inventor, according to project implementation scheme, production standard, introduce the leading kind of screening and technical method, implement the measure of Tomato in Greenhouse seedling growing process.
2, introduce 10 of New Tomato Varieties, by comparative variety trial, filter out the high-quality New Tomato Variety that is fit to local cultivation, adopt that the seedling unification is bred, unified production management, unified quality standard, year breed seedling and reach 6,000,000 strains.Carry out 22 of experimental studies (inferior).Wherein seed treatment is tested 6 (inferior), nutrient matrix soil 10 of comparative trials (inferior).By continuous 2 years variety comparative test, resistance is observed, and has filtered out that disease resistance is strong, output is high, the red crown prince of new quality product kind of anti-storage, anti-transportation.
3, utilize the intensive seedling production method
Utilize the intensive seedling production method, make the tomato emergence rate reach 96.3%, growing-seedling period shortened more than 25 days, and labor savings is more than 30%; Setting up 1000 mu of Tomato in Greenhouse new varieties Demonstration Bases along desert area, per mu yield reaches 9800 kg.
4, concrete seed processing technology scheme is:
(1), with the tomato seeds of choosing, soaked seed 2～3 hours with clear water, pull out again seed is put into 45～55 ℃ of hot water, keep even water temperature and soaked 15 minutes, then put into 10% trisodium phosphate solution and soaked 20 minutes, pull out again and drained in 3～4 hours with Seed soaking.
(2), after the jerusalem artichoke stem tuber is freezing, thaw and squeeze the juice, tomato seeds is placed on soaks 8～12 hours in the jerusalem artichoke juice, again the seed loosely is placed on the wet gauze that folds 3 layers, then cover with polyethylene film, and keep ventilative, temperature remains on 20～25 ℃, eluriate 1～2 time with clear water every day, to upgrade air and to keep humidity.Behind the seed sprouting, be sown into seedling-cultivating tray and grow seedlings.The seed soaking of described jerusalem artichoke juice, be utilize that jerusalem artichoke juice is amino acid contained, synanthrin, vitamin, starch, dextrase composition, effectively promote the germination of tomato seeds.
(3), the seedling-cultivating tray nutrient matrix of growing seedlings is that humus soil is neutralized to pH value is 5.8-6.8, in 1000 parts of humus soil, add fertilizer one trace and macroelement again, its weight portion is: ammonium salt: 100-450 part, potash fertilizer: 250-450 part, trace element magnesium: 200-350 part, trace elements iron: 30-60 part, trace copper: 30-60 part, trace element zinc: 5-15 part, trace element manganese: 3-5 part, boric acid: 5-8 part: shale ashes 2000-5000 part.Wherein ammonium salt is at least a in ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, the ammonium molybdate.
4, concrete seedling management scheme is:
(1), temperature control adopts cold bed or raise seedling in hot bed, should take full advantage of solar energy during this improving bed temperature, and utilize covering to keep higher bed temperature.Young shoot begins to push up soil when emerging, if because earthing is excessively thin, finds the top shell phenomenon, should be immediately earthing 1 time again.Bed temperature is controlled at 25～28 ℃ of temperature in daytime, and night, temperature was 15～18 ℃.
(2), humidity control is emerged to minute seedling mainly is to regulate the seedbed temp. and humidity, except germinate, emerge and minute seedling field planting after seedling-slowing stage, outside the temperature and humidity of having relatively high expectations, do not need high humility other periods.Day temperature is controlled at 20～25 ℃, and nocturnal temperature is controlled at 10～15 ℃, and humidity is controlled at: 70%-75%, in case excessive growth.Dividing seedling front 4～5 days, is to adapt to minute lower temperature in seedbed, improves the survival rate after transplanting, the slow seedling of promotion, and the bed temperature of this moment can reduce by 2～3 ℃ again.
(3), transplant planting is long during to 2～3 true leaves when seedling, transplants seedlings by 10～15 centimetres distance, adopts root band nutrient matrix disjunctor to transplant seedlings.Spray 800 times of zineb liquids seedling stage 1～2 time.Select the Seeding planting of 7～8 leaves, well developed root system during field planting.50～55 centimetres of ridge bottom width, the ridge is high 30 centimetres, 50～60 centimetres of row spacings, 21～26 centimetres of spacing in the rows, every mu of plantation 2500～3500 strains.
The invention has the advantages that and adopt seed treatment, seedling management, improved the emergence rate 96.3% that Tomato in Greenhouse is grown seedlings, growing-seedling period shortens more than 25 days, the survival rate of transplanting is 94.6%, enlarge plantation tomato area for the peasant, boost economic growth, effectively absorbing rural surplus laborers, promote the aspect performance outstanding role such as new countryside construction.
Claims (6)
1. a Tomato in Greenhouse seedling-cultivating method comprises seed treatment and seedling management, it is characterized in that: method for treating seeds is:
(1), with the tomato seeds of choosing, soaked seed 2～3 hours with clear water, pull out again seed is put into 45～55 ℃ of hot water, keep even water temperature and soaked 15 minutes, then put into 10% trisodium phosphate solution and soaked 20 minutes, pull out again and drained stand-by in 3～4 hours with Seed soaking;
(2), after the jerusalem artichoke stem tuber is freezing, thaw and squeeze the juice, tomato seeds is placed on soaks 8～12 hours in the jerusalem artichoke juice, again the seed loosely is placed on folding 3 layers the wet gauze, then cover with polyethylene film, and keep ventilative, temperature remains on 20～25 ℃, and eluriate 1～2 time with clear water every day, to upgrade air and to keep humidity, behind the seed sprouting, be sown into seedling-cultivating tray and grow seedlings;
(3), the seedling-cultivating tray nutrient matrix of growing seedlings is that humus soil is neutralized to pH value is 5.8-6.8, in 1000 parts of humus soil, add fertilizer one trace and macroelement again, its weight portion is: ammonium salt: 100-450 part, potash fertilizer: 250-450 part, trace element magnesium: 200-350 part, trace elements iron: 30-60 part, trace copper: 30-60 part, trace element zinc: 5-15 part, trace element manganese: 3-5 part, boric acid: 5-8 part: shale ashes 2000-5000 part.
2. Tomato in Greenhouse seedling-cultivating method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described method for treating seeds, the jerusalem artichoke juice seed soaking, be utilize that jerusalem artichoke juice is amino acid contained, vitamin, starch, dextrase composition, effectively promote the germination of tomato seeds.
3. Tomato in Greenhouse seedling-cultivating method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described method for treating seeds, wherein ammonium salt is at least a in ammonium phosphate, the ammonium nitrate.
4. a Tomato in Greenhouse seedling-cultivating method comprises seed treatment and seedling management, it is characterized in that: its seedling management is characterised in that: comprise following technical step:
(1), propagating seeding in cold frame is adopted in temperature control, take full advantage of solar energy to improve bed temperature, and utilize polyethylene film to cover the bed temperature that keeps higher, young shoot begins to push up soil when emerging, if because earthing is excessively thin, find the top shell phenomenon, immediately earthing, bed temperature is controlled at 25～28 ℃ of temperature in daytime, and night, temperature was 15～18 ℃;
(2), to emerge to minute seedling mainly be to regulate the seedbed temp. and humidity for humidity control, except germinate, emerge and minute seedling field planting after seedling-slowing stage, outside the temperature and humidity of having relatively high expectations, do not need high humility other periods, day temperature is controlled at 20～25 ℃, nocturnal temperature is controlled at 10～15 ℃, and humidity is controlled at: 70%-75%, in case excessive growth;
(3), transplant planting is long during to 2～3 true leaves when seedling, adopts root band nutrient matrix disjunctor to transplant seedlings, and sprays 800 times of zineb liquids seedling stage 1～2 time; Select the Seeding planting of 7～8 leaves, well developed root system during field planting, 50～55 centimetres of ridge bottom width, the ridge is high 30 centimetres, 50～60 centimetres of row spacings, 21～26 centimetres of spacing in the rows, every mu of field planting 2500～3500 strains.
5. Tomato in Greenhouse seedling-cultivating method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: in the described nursery temperature control, and before minute seedling 4～5 days, for adapting to minute lower temperature in seedbed, improve the survival rate after transplanting, promote slow seedling, the bed temperature of this moment reduces by 2～3 ℃ again.
6. Tomato in Greenhouse seedling-cultivating method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that ridge bottom width, ridge height, row spacing, spacing in the rows, every mu of field planting can be according to booth area and the adjustment of water and soil matter.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103733868A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-04-23 | 常熟市佳盛农业科技发展有限公司 | Tomato planting method |
| CN103782748A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2014-05-14 | 哈尔滨派腾农业科技有限公司 | Planting technique for big tomatoes |
| CN104472156A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-04-01 | 安徽省龙海种业有限公司 | Method of cultivating autumn-winter season potatoes in sunlight greenhouse |
| CN105027734A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-11 | 周景龙 | Treatment method before tomato seed sowing |
| CN105493864A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-04-20 | 安徽有机良庄农业科技发展有限公司 | Organic planting method for solar greenhouse big tomatoes |
| CN105981570A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-10-05 | 马鞍山绿丰种业有限公司 | Tomato seedling growing method for shortening seedling ages |
| CN105981565A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-10-05 | 马鞍山绿丰种业有限公司 | Tomato seedling growing method capable of inhibiting disease |
| CN106576547A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 江苏大学 | Nutrient solution management technology based on greenhouse tomato leaf length |
| CN107371698A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-24 | 扬州大学 | A kind of method for cultivating summer tomato strong sprout |
| CN110720362A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-01-24 | 澧县绿之源生态农业科技发展有限公司 | Pollution-free planting method for tomatoes in winter |
-
2012
- 2012-12-06 CN CN 201210520899 patent/CN103004408A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103782748A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2014-05-14 | 哈尔滨派腾农业科技有限公司 | Planting technique for big tomatoes |
| CN103733868A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-04-23 | 常熟市佳盛农业科技发展有限公司 | Tomato planting method |
| CN104472156A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-04-01 | 安徽省龙海种业有限公司 | Method of cultivating autumn-winter season potatoes in sunlight greenhouse |
| CN105027734A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-11 | 周景龙 | Treatment method before tomato seed sowing |
| CN105493864A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-04-20 | 安徽有机良庄农业科技发展有限公司 | Organic planting method for solar greenhouse big tomatoes |
| CN105981570A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-10-05 | 马鞍山绿丰种业有限公司 | Tomato seedling growing method for shortening seedling ages |
| CN105981565A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-10-05 | 马鞍山绿丰种业有限公司 | Tomato seedling growing method capable of inhibiting disease |
| CN106576547A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 江苏大学 | Nutrient solution management technology based on greenhouse tomato leaf length |
| CN107371698A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-11-24 | 扬州大学 | A kind of method for cultivating summer tomato strong sprout |
| CN110720362A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-01-24 | 澧县绿之源生态农业科技发展有限公司 | Pollution-free planting method for tomatoes in winter |
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Application publication date: 20130403 |