CN102877648A - Anti-carbonization maintenance film and method for cast-in-situ concrete vertical face - Google Patents
Anti-carbonization maintenance film and method for cast-in-situ concrete vertical face Download PDFInfo
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- CN102877648A CN102877648A CN201210387711XA CN201210387711A CN102877648A CN 102877648 A CN102877648 A CN 102877648A CN 201210387711X A CN201210387711X A CN 201210387711XA CN 201210387711 A CN201210387711 A CN 201210387711A CN 102877648 A CN102877648 A CN 102877648A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-carbonization maintenance film for a cast-in-situ concrete vertical face. The anti-carbonization maintenance film comprises a bottom film, a surface film, a macromolecule water absorption material and an adhesive, wherein micro holes are formed in the bottom film; the macromolecule water absorption material is clamped between the bottom film and the surface film and is adhered by the adhesive coated on the opposite faces of the bottom film or the surface film. An anti-carbonization maintenance method for the cast-in-situ concrete vertical face comprises the following steps of: after the cast-in-situ concrete vertical face is preliminarily condensed, spraying water, then adhering the anti-carbonization maintenance film to the cast-in-situ concrete vertical face, sticking all interfaces by adhesive tapes to realize sealing, and maintaining for 14 to 18 days. The adhesive has a rehumidification function and is proper in adhering force, so that the maintenance film is reliably combined with the cast-in-situ concrete vertical face, and a proper humidity and temperature environment is formed between the cast-in-situ concrete vertical face and the maintenance film; therefore, the concrete maintenance quality is improved, and concrete can be effectively prevented from being carbonized; and the anti-carbonization maintenance film is suitable for large-scale application on engineering.
Description
Technical field:
The invention discloses the anti-carbonized maintaining film of a kind of cast-in-situ concrete facade and maintenance process; Belong to cast-in-situ concrete maintenance technology field.
Background technology:
After the concreting, why gradually setting and harden mainly is because the result of cement aquation, hydration then needs suitable temperature and humidity condition, therefore in order to guarantee that concrete has suitable curing condition, its intensity is constantly increased, must carry out maintenance to concrete.After the concreting, such as hot climate, air drying, untimelyly carry out maintenance, moisture can evaporate too fast in the concrete, form the dehydration phenomenon, can make the abundant aquation of cement granules that has formed gelinite, can not be converted into stable crystallization, lack enough adhesion stresss, thereby can sheet occur or powdery comes off at concrete surface.In addition, when concrete not yet possessed enough intensity, the too early evaporation of moisture also can produce larger shrinkage strain, cup shake occurs, affects concrete durability and globality.So the maintenance of initial stage is extremely important after the concreting, should carry out immediately maintenance after the concrete final set, harsh concrete Ying Yu builds and carries out immediately maintenance after complete.
Carbonation of concrete is the concrete neutralisation, because of under the effect of calcium hydroxide carbon dioxide in atmosphere that is alkalescence in the concrete, being transformed into the process of neutral calcium carbonate, also is to make concrete composition, performance change, use a kind of physicochemical change process of function reduction.
The main chemical reactions formula of carbonation of concrete is as follows:
CO
2+H
2O=H
2CO
3
Ca(OH)
2+H
2CO
3=CaCO
3+2H
2O
3CaO·SiO
2+3CO
2+γH
2O=3CaCO
3+SiO.γH
2O
2CaO·SiO
2+2CO
2+γH
2O=2CaCO
3+SiO.γH
2O
The harm of carbonation of concrete is to reduce the safety of building degree.Show that at first carbonization easily makes the reinforcing bar generation corrosion in the concrete; reinforcing bar has formed fine and close oxide film (passivating film) under the high-alkali environment in concrete; reinforcing bar is played a protective role; because carbonization; the concrete neutral and alkali reduces; oxide film is destroyed, and causes corrosion of steel bar, reduces concrete strength.Next is that carbonization has aggravated concrete contraction, and contraction as a result the lighter may cause distress in concrete, and severe one will cause structural damage.
Carbonation of concrete has obtained the technician and has paid much attention to, and prevents that carbonization from preventing that especially early stage carbonization is great for durability and the security sense of concrete structure.
Concrete water-saving moist keeping maintenance film is a kind of concrete novel conserving material, has the specific function that other concrete maintenance materials such as water saving, moisturizing, insulation, establishment concrete microcrack and early stage carbonization do not possess, its structure normally clamps macromolecule water absorbent material between counterdie, facial mask, by the bonding composite membrane that forms of bonding adhesive, wherein, be evenly equipped with micropore on the counterdie.Its core technology is to use the quick suction of macromolecule water absorbent material, slowly discharge the characteristic of moisture, and product waters water one time when concrete curing, need not rewater within the whole concrete curing cycle.Behind the launch products, use in a large number in flat concrete maintenance fields such as highway concrete basic unit, rigid pavement, airports, obtained huge economic benefit and social benefit.The patentee with regard to the application of concrete curing membrane structure the part utility model patent, be respectively 01257450.3 " water-preserving curing film for concrete ", 200320114090.4 " concrete water-saving moist keeping maintenance films ", 201020137057.3 " a kind of Combined type concrete water saving moist curing membrane ".
Above-mentioned concrete water-saving moist keeping maintenance film mainly is applicable to and the cast-in-situ concrete plane of horizontal plane angle less than 60 degree, such as highway concrete basic unit, rigid pavement, airport etc.; Because the defective that binder performance exists, concrete water-saving moist keeping maintenance film is also inapplicable for the maintenance of vertical cast-in-situ concrete facade.This mainly be because:
1, as take acrylic monomer as the main binding composition, the adding peroxide is auxiliary agent, adds simultaneously other auxiliary material, synthetic adhesive, and it is strong to have a bonding force, and when concrete water-saving moist keeping maintenance film prepared, adhesive strength was good between counterdie, the facial mask; But when the curing film maintenance construction, adhesive forfeiture rewetting function causes the macromolecule water absorbent material water absorbing capacity that is installed between counterdie, the facial mask significantly to descend; Have a strong impact on the concrete curing quality, even cause the maintenance failure.
2, as take polyvinyl alcohol, modified starch as main stamps adhered agent, though have the rewetting function, but its bonding force is too little under moisture state again, can not effective bonding counterdie and facial mask, after macromolecule water absorbent material full of water weight increases, slippage between counterdie and the facial mask causes concrete vertical face maintenance failure.
Therefore, a kind of curing film that is adapted to the anti-carbonization of cast-in-situ concrete facade of research and development is undoubtedly that this area urgently wishes.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art and provide a kind of rational in infrastructure, easy to operate, under wet condition again and have the anti-carbonized maintaining film of cast-in-situ concrete facade and the maintenance process of suitable bonding force between the contact surface.
Cast-in-situ concrete facade of the present invention is prevented the carbonized maintaining film, comprises counterdie, facial mask, macromolecule water absorbent material, adhesive, on the described bed die micropore is arranged; Clamp macromolecule water absorbent material between described counterdie and facial mask, bonding by the adhesive of brushing on counterdie or facial mask opposite face, described adhesive comprises following component, forms by mass percentage:
Polyvinyl formal 5 ~ 10%,
Modified rosin 10 ~ 20%,
Cornstarch 1 ~ 5%,
Acrylic acid 20 ~ 30%,
Acrylamide 30 ~ 40%, surplus are water.
Cast-in-situ concrete facade of the present invention is prevented the carbonized maintaining film, and described adhesive is pressed 0.1 ~ 50 g/cm amount brushing on counterdie or facial mask opposite face.
Cast-in-situ concrete facade of the present invention is prevented the carbonized maintaining film, and described counterdie is selected from the film that at least a raw material in polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, the polypropylene is made, and its thickness is that 0.06～0.15 ㎜, width are 1～4m, hot strength 〉=10MPa.
Cast-in-situ concrete facade of the present invention is prevented the carbonized maintaining film, and the micropore that arranges on the bed die evenly distributes, and the aperture is 0.1 ~ 5mm, and pore size distribution density is 30 ~ 100/square metre.
Cast-in-situ concrete facade of the present invention is prevented the carbonized maintaining film, and described facial mask is selected from the film that at least a raw material in polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, the polypropylene is made, and its thickness is that 0.06～0.15 ㎜, width are 1～4m, hot strength 〉=12MPa.
Cast-in-situ concrete facade of the present invention is prevented the carbonized maintaining film, and described macromolecule water absorbent material is selected from a kind of or any two kinds of 0.5 ~ 10: 1 mixtures that obtain in mass ratio in starch, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, acrylamide, the polyacrylic acid.
Cast-in-situ concrete facade of the present invention is prevented the carbonized maintaining film, and in the described adhesive, polyvinyl formal is produced by the extremely prosperous chemical industry in Shanghai Co., Ltd, and model is: technical grade, and polyvinyl formal content is more than or equal to 99%; Modified rosin is that softening point 70-90 ℃, the rosin of acid number 〉=166mg/g are processed modification through saponification; Cornstarch is industry one cornstarch of acidity≤18; Described acrylamide is to contain the acrylamide mass percent more than or equal to 98.5% crystal.
Cast-in-situ concrete facade of the present invention is prevented the carbonized maintaining film, and described rosin saponification is treated to rosin and alkali-metal hydroxide generation saponification, and reaction is carried out under 80-90 ℃ of normal pressure, to obtain hydrophilically modified rosin.
Cast-in-situ concrete facade of the present invention is prevented the carbonized maintaining film, and the preparation method of adhesive sketches in lower: get each component by the component proportion of design and mix, then, be heated to 90 ~ 95 ℃, stir, cooling.
Cast-in-situ concrete facade of the present invention is prevented the carbonized maintaining method, after the initial set of cast-in-situ concrete facade, with the anti-carbonized maintaining film of cast-in-situ concrete facade from the cast-in-situ concrete facade bottom, progressively upwards paste on the cast-in-situ concrete facade, during stickup, spray water between the anti-carbonized maintaining film of cast-in-situ concrete facade and cast-in-situ concrete facade, injection flow rate is by every square metre of cast-in-situ concrete facade spray 0.5-2 kilogram; After stickup is finished, interface between interface between the anti-carbonized maintaining film of cast-in-situ concrete facade and the anti-carbonized maintaining film of cast-in-situ concrete facade and the cast-in-situ concrete facade is adopted the adhesive tape adhesive seal, make between the anti-carbonized maintaining film of cast-in-situ concrete facade and the cast-in-situ concrete facade and form sealed environment, curing time 14-18 days.Because macromolecular material has quick suction, slowly discharges the characteristic of moisture, make and remain the required damp condition of concrete hydrating reaction in the concrete curing cycle, the contact channels of carbon dioxide and concrete component in the while high humidity environment secluding air, thus effectively prevent carbonation of concrete.
Mechanism of the present invention is sketched in lower:
The anti-carbonized maintaining film of cast-in-situ concrete facade of the present invention on the one hand, has used the good acrylic acid of bond properties owing to adopt the adhesive of said components prescription in the recipe ingredient, can guarantee good cohesive; On the other hand, polyvinyl formal, modified rosin, cornstarch and acrylamide are the water-soluble binder composition, it is moderate to have bond properties, meet easily moistening characteristics again of the water capacity, the optimization by prescription can reach the purpose that bond properties is good, do not affect curing film core material water absorbing properties.Guaranteeing that macromolecular material absorbs water, slowly discharges under the prerequisite of water properties fast, improve bonding force, make macromolecular material after the suction not because of the Action of Gravity Field landing, between cast-in-situ concrete facade and curing film, made a suitable humiture environment, make the sour gas such as carbon dioxide contact concentration with concrete and reduce, thereby reach the purpose that prevents the early stage carbonization of concrete.Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect:
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, adhesive has the rewetting function, bonding force is moderate, can guarantee humiture environment suitable between cast-in-situ concrete facade and the curing film, improves the concrete curing quality.
2, water saving, moisturizing are conducive to normally carrying out of concrete hydrating reaction, thereby guarantee the concrete strength normal growth, produce without microcrack;
3, effectively preventing carbonation of concrete, is the most effective method that prevents the carbonization of pouring concrete facade so far.
The specific embodiment
In the embodiment of the invention, the modification of rosin is with rosin heating to 85 ℃ fusing, get the NaOH volumetric concentration that accounts for rosin quality 0.15% and be 75% alcohol dissolving, the NaOH alcoholic solution is added in the rosin melt modification of realization rosin while stir.
Embodiment 1
Get 5 kilograms of polyvinyl formals, 10 kilograms of modified rosins, acidity and be 16 1 kilogram of industry one cornstarch, 20 kilograms in acrylic acid, content and be 34 kilograms of mixing of 30 kilograms of acrylamides, water of 99%, be heated to 90 ~ 95 ℃, stir, obtain satisfactory adhesive.Each constituent mass percentage of present embodiment sees Table 1:
Table 1
| Composition | Weight (kg) |
| Polyvinyl formal | 5 |
| Modified rosin | 10 |
| Cornstarch | 1 |
| Acrylic acid | 20 |
| Acrylamide | 30 |
The adhesive of present embodiment preparation is pressed 100 g/ms of brushings on counterdie or facial mask, clamp between counterdie, facial mask that methyl methacrylate and acrylic acid is mixed to get in mass ratio at 2: 1 the super-strong moisture absorbing macromolecular material, with counterdie and facial mask compacting, drying is namely prepared the concrete vertical face curing film.
When bridge pier concrete vertical face curing film maintenance construction, water once on the bridge pier surface first, then the concrete vertical face curing film with the present embodiment preparation begins progressively upwards to stick on the bridge pier surface bottom from bridge pier, during stickup, spray water between the anti-carbonized maintaining film of cast-in-situ concrete facade and bridge pier surface, injection flow rate is by every square metre of bridge pier facade spray 0.5 ~ 2 kg of water; Paste completely, stick with glue band with the interface adhesive seal between the interface between the concrete vertical face curing film and concrete vertical face curing film and the bridge pier, between bridge pier surface and concrete vertical face curing film, form sealed environment.Because the adhesive of present embodiment preparation has the rewetting function, therefore, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide Mixture absorb the moisture on bridge pier surface in a large number, and relative humidity reaches more than 90% in the film after testing; Because adhesive has preferably adhesive property after rewetting, within whole 28 days curing times, slip phenomenon does not occur in counterdie and facial mask, day by day detect relative humidity in the film, all more than 95%, concrete curing does not rewater in the cycle, namely can guarantee required damp condition in the concrete curing phase.After maintenance finishes, check that concrete surface cracking resistance grade is the I level.
Embodiment 2
Get 15 kilograms of polyvinyl formals, 20 kilograms of modified rosins, acidity and be 17 1 kilogram of industry one cornstarch, 20 kilograms in acrylic acid, content and be 14 kilograms of mixing of 30 kilograms of acrylamides, water of 98.8%, be heated to 90 ~ 95 ℃, stir, obtain satisfactory adhesive.Each constituent mass percentage of present embodiment sees Table 2:
Table 2
| Composition | Weight (kg) |
| Polyvinyl formal | 15 |
| Modified rosin | 20 |
| Cornstarch | 1 |
| Acrylic acid | 20 |
| Acrylamide | 30 |
The adhesive of present embodiment preparation is pressed 2500 g/ms of brushings on counterdie or facial mask, clamp starch as the super-strong moisture absorbing macromolecular material between counterdie, facial mask, with counterdie and facial mask compacting, drying is namely prepared the concrete vertical face curing film.
When concrete vertical face curing film maintenance construction, water once at concrete surface, then the concrete vertical face curing film with the present embodiment preparation begins progressively upwards to stick on the concrete vertical face from concrete vertical face bottom, during stickup, spray water between the anti-carbonized maintaining film of cast-in-situ concrete facade and concrete vertical face, injection flow rate is by every square metre of concrete vertical face 0.5 ~ 2 kg of water; Paste complete, stick with glue the band with the interface adhesive seal between the interface between the concrete vertical face curing film and concrete vertical face curing film and the concrete vertical face, between concrete vertical face and concrete vertical face curing film, form sealed environment.Need not rewater in the concrete curing cycle, can guarantee required damp condition in the concrete curing phase, detect day by day relative humidity in the film, all greater than 90%, the establishment microcrack after maintenance finishes, checks that concrete surface cracking resistance grade is the I level.
Embodiment 3
Get 10 kilograms of polyvinyl formals, 10 kilograms of modified rosins, acidity and be 17.2 2.5 kilograms of industry one cornstarch, 20 kilograms in acrylic acid, content and be 27.5 kilograms of mixing of 30 kilograms of acrylamides, water of 99.5%, be heated to 90 ~ 95 ℃, stir, obtain satisfactory adhesive.Each constituent mass percentage of present embodiment sees Table 3:
Table 3
| Composition | Weight (%) |
| Polyvinyl formal | 10 |
| Modified rosin | 10 |
| Cornstarch | 2.5 |
| Acrylic acid | 20 |
| Acrylamide | 30 |
The adhesive of present embodiment preparation is pressed 5000 g/ms of brushings on counterdie or facial mask, between counterdie, facial mask, clamp polyacrylamide and polyacrylic acid in mass ratio 0.5: 1 the preparation mixture as the super-strong moisture absorbing macromolecular material, with counterdie and facial mask compacting, drying is namely prepared the concrete vertical face curing film.
When concrete vertical face curing film maintenance construction, water once at concrete surface, then the concrete vertical face curing film with the present embodiment preparation begins progressively upwards to stick on the concrete vertical face from concrete vertical face bottom, during stickup, spray water between the anti-carbonized maintaining film of cast-in-situ concrete facade and concrete vertical face, injection flow rate is by every square metre of concrete vertical face 0.5 ~ 2 kg of water; Paste complete, stick with glue the band with the interface adhesive seal between the interface between the concrete vertical face curing film and concrete vertical face curing film and the concrete vertical face, between concrete vertical face and concrete vertical face curing film, form sealed environment.Need not rewater in the concrete curing cycle, can guarantee required damp condition in the concrete curing phase, detect day by day relative humidity in the film, all greater than 90%, the establishment microcrack after maintenance finishes, checks that concrete surface cracking resistance grade is the I level.
The concrete water-saving moist keeping maintenance film that table 4 is made for the concrete water-saving moist keeping maintenance film made with acrylic acid, epoxy resin, three kinds of adhesives of vinyl acetate and the embodiment of the invention 1,2,3 adhesives that prepare, concrete anticracking level data after the interior relative humidity of film, maintenance during maintenance.
Table 4 main binder performance evaluation
Annotate: adopt dull and stereotyped split test to estimate concrete crack resistance, crack resistance is divided into five grades, the I level is best, and the V level is the poorest.
By the measured result of above embodiment and Comparative Examples as can be known:
(1) adopt adhesive of the present invention, improved the concrete curing film quality, the concrete curing film water supply volume of producing is with the 1/(50 of gunnysack, geotextiles～100), with 1/10 (watering cooling) of plastic sheeting for farm use.At insufficient water sources area particularly suitable.
(2) owing to need not sprinkle water, greatly save the sprinkling truck mechanical one-shift, reduced oil consumption.Rolling is laid in flakes, and speed is fast, and personnel are few, and in the transportation, volume is little, lightweight, saves on transport costs.And can clean construction, and promote the engineering overall image, guarantee concrete quality.
(3) the concrete curing film of application present technique production has good maintenance effect, can significantly improve intensity and the anti-carbonization ability of concrete shear force wall and post, prevents that effectively concrete surface from producing the crack.
(4) curing film can satisfy the facade curing requirements of concrete structure in the construction project, particularly can satisfy the curing requirements of framework+shear wall structure form.
Claims (10)
1. the anti-carbonized maintaining film of cast-in-situ concrete facade comprises counterdie, facial mask, macromolecule water absorbent material, adhesive, on the described bed die micropore is arranged; It is characterized in that: clamp macromolecule water absorbent material between described counterdie and facial mask, bonding by the adhesive of brushing on counterdie or facial mask opposite face, described adhesive comprises following component, forms by mass percentage:
Polyvinyl formal 5 ~ 10%,
Modified rosin 10 ~ 20%,
Cornstarch 1 ~ 5%,
Acrylic acid 20 ~ 30%,
Acrylamide 30 ~ 40%, surplus are water.
2. cast-in-situ concrete facade according to claim 1 is prevented the carbonized maintaining film, it is characterized in that: described adhesive is pressed 0.1 ~ 50 g/cm amount brushing on counterdie or facial mask opposite face.
3. cast-in-situ concrete facade according to claim 1 is prevented the carbonized maintaining film, it is characterized in that: described counterdie is selected from the film that at least a raw material in polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, the polypropylene is made, its thickness is that 0.06～0.15 ㎜, width are 1～4m, hot strength 〉=10MPa.
4. cast-in-situ concrete facade according to claim 3 is prevented the carbonized maintaining film, and it is characterized in that: the micropore that arranges on the bed die evenly distributes, and the aperture is 0.1 ~ 5mm, and pore size distribution density is 30 ~ 100/square metre.
5. cast-in-situ concrete facade according to claim 1 is prevented the carbonized maintaining film, it is characterized in that: described facial mask is selected from the film that at least a raw material in polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, the polypropylene is made, its thickness is that 0.06～0.15 ㎜, width are 1～4m, hot strength 〉=12MPa.
6. the anti-carbonized maintaining film of cast-in-situ concrete facade according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described macromolecule water absorbent material is selected from a kind of or any two kinds of 0.5 ~ 10: 1 mixtures that obtain in mass ratio in starch, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, acrylamide, the polyacrylic acid.
7. cast-in-situ concrete facade according to claim 1 and 2 is prevented the carbonized maintaining film, it is characterized in that: in the described adhesive, polyvinyl formal is produced by the extremely prosperous chemical industry in Shanghai Co., Ltd, and model is: technical grade, and polyvinyl formal content is more than or equal to 99%; Modified rosin is that softening point 70-90 ℃, the rosin of acid number 〉=166mg/g are processed modification through saponification; Cornstarch is industry one cornstarch of acidity≤18; Described acrylamide is to contain the acrylamide mass percent more than or equal to 98.5% crystal.
8. cast-in-situ concrete facade according to claim 7 is prevented the carbonized maintaining film, and it is characterized in that: described rosin saponification is treated to rosin and alkali-metal hydroxide generation saponification, and reaction is carried out under 80-90 ℃ of normal pressure, to obtain hydrophilically modified rosin.
9. cast-in-situ concrete facade according to claim 8 is prevented the carbonized maintaining film, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of adhesive gets each component by the component proportion of design to mix, and then, is heated to 90 ~ 95 ℃, stirs cooling.
10. the cast-in-situ concrete facade is prevented the carbonized maintaining method, it is characterized in that: after the initial set of cast-in-situ concrete facade, with the anti-carbonized maintaining film of cast-in-situ concrete facade from the cast-in-situ concrete facade bottom, progressively upwards paste on the cast-in-situ concrete facade, during stickup, spray water between the anti-carbonized maintaining film of cast-in-situ concrete facade and cast-in-situ concrete facade, injection flow rate is by every square metre of cast-in-situ concrete facade spray 0.5-2 kilogram; After stickup is finished, interface between interface between the anti-carbonized maintaining film of cast-in-situ concrete facade and the anti-carbonized maintaining film of cast-in-situ concrete facade and the cast-in-situ concrete facade is adopted the adhesive tape adhesive seal, make between the anti-carbonized maintaining film of cast-in-situ concrete facade and the cast-in-situ concrete facade and form sealed environment, curing time 14-18 days.
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| CN201210387711.XA CN102877648B (en) | 2012-10-12 | 2012-10-12 | Anti-carbonization maintenance film and method for cast-in-situ concrete vertical face |
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| CN201210387711.XA CN102877648B (en) | 2012-10-12 | 2012-10-12 | Anti-carbonization maintenance film and method for cast-in-situ concrete vertical face |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN104405415A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-03-11 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Heat preservation and moisture retention method for base plate concrete of large-size tunnel |
| CN105856402A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-08-17 | 李鲁源 | Method for curing concrete |
| CN106747646A (en) * | 2016-12-24 | 2017-05-31 | 长沙水能量新材料有限公司 | A kind of compound moisturizing and curing membrane of the easy demoulding of anti-stick |
| CN109605868A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-12 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | A kind of compound curing film of concrete high-efficiency heat and moisture preserving with photothermal conversion effect |
| CN114207232A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2022-03-18 | 株式会社奥村组 | Maintenance structure and maintenance sheet for repaired part of concrete surface |
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| CN114207232A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2022-03-18 | 株式会社奥村组 | Maintenance structure and maintenance sheet for repaired part of concrete surface |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102877648B (en) | 2014-08-20 |
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