CN102843166A - Device and method for underground long-distance transmission of Manchester code - Google Patents
Device and method for underground long-distance transmission of Manchester code Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for underground long-distance transmission of Manchester code (Man code), and belongs to the technical field of communication and the technical field of oil exploration. The device for the underground long-distance transmission of the Man code comprises a Man code sending unit and a Man code receiving unit. The Man code sending unit comprises a Man code encoding module, a bipolar pulse generating module and a push-pull driver module. The Man code receiving unit comprises an inductance-capacitance (LC) parallel resonant module, a unipolar pulse generating module, a Man code decoding module and a communication module. The Man code sending unit is used to compile data into a unipolar pulse and then generate a bipolar pulse, and the improved push-pull driver module is used to drive the bipolar pulse to be sent to a cable transmission unit. Appropriate inductance is selected in the Man code receiving unit and connected in parallel between a signal line of the receiving end of the cable transmission unit and a ground wire, LC parallel resonance is generated on the highest frequency component of Man code pulses, then the Man code unipolar pulse is generated, and the Man code unipolar pulse is decoded and transmitted to a host computer. The device and the method for the underground long-distance transmission of the Man code are suitable for an underground high temperature severe environment, the severe attenuation distortion drifting problem of single-ended signals in long-distance transmission can be resolved, and the unipolar pulse can be decoded correctly.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to communication technical field and oil exploration technology field, the long Distance Transmission device and method in particularly a kind of Manchester code (being called for short graceful sign indicating number) down-hole is applicable to the long Distance Transmission of single-ended signal in the high-temperature severe environment of down-hole.
[background technology]
In the oil exploration well logging, carry out real-time data communication between downhole instrument circuit needs and the ground system, the related logging data are sent to ground timely and effectively handle.
Manchester code (being called for short graceful sign indicating number) a kind of coded system of making underground communica tion commonly used.Graceful sign indicating number is a kind of code that data in the sends bit stream and timing signal are combined, and is one of commonly used yard type transmitting of digital baseband.The binary message (0 or 1) that graceful sign indicating number indicates to transmit with hopping edge (but not level), general provision is represented " 1 " in the bit centre with following saltus step, uses saltus step and representes " 0 ".Simultaneously graceful sign indicating number also is a kind of phase modulated, by the zero phase representative " 0 " of clock, by 180 degree phase place representatives " 1 " of clock.
Graceful sign indicating number has following two advantages: the first, and graceful sign indicating number is considered to a kind of time-code of making by oneself, and self-timing means that the precise synchronization of data flow is feasible, and each bit all is transmitted in the definition time one exactly in advance.The second, graceful sign indicating number provides a kind of simple method, can in long-time section, not have under the situation of level saltus step, still can encode to binary sequence arbitrarily; And prevent losing of synchronizing clock signals in this case, and prevent the caused bit mistake of low pass analog circuit medium and low frequency DC-shift.The 3rd, positive negative level of each cycle of graceful coded signal respectively accounts for half the, makes graceful coded signal remove the zero frequency characteristic.Certain graceful sign indicating number also has certain shortcoming: the result who carries out the level saltus step for each bit is that the desired bandwidth of Manchester's code is compared asynchronous communication and will be doubled, and its frequency spectrum is also wideer.
At present, graceful sign indicating number coded system is widely used in communication technical field, and State Intellectual Property Office has authorized two utility model patents, discloses two patents of invention.One of two utility model patents of authorizing are that the thick film circuit (ZL201120239441.9) of a kind of Manchester code communication is integrated into HD15530 Manchester code communication IC and peripheral circuit in the thick film circuit module, help to reduce instrument size.Two of two utility model patents of authorizing are a kind of anti-interference Manchester code decoding circuits (ZL201020112387.7), can carry out anti-interference fault-tolerant processing, are particularly useful for being received decoding by the wireless carrier Manchester code of serious interference.One of disclosed two patents of invention are that bipolar Manchester code decoding device and method (application number 201010232865.2) utilize the imitative HD15530 Manchester of programmable logic device code communication IC function that differential digital signal " data just " and " data minus " are decoded.Two of disclosed two patents of invention are Waveform regulating methods (application number 201010104149.6) of a kind of Manchester code; Positive signal and negative signal that the graceful sign indicating number of can sampling respectively produces through the binary channels transceiver, with software approach to the waveform adjustment after decoding again.
But above-mentioned patent can't be advantageously applied to oil exploration logging technique field.From economic consideration, downhole cable often adopts single-ended signal communication.When cable is single-core cable, can only use single-ended signal communication; When cable is multicore cable, use single-ended signal communication can transmit more multiple signals than double-end signal communication.Logging cable generally reaches 5000m to 7000 meter, presents very strong capacitive reactance bypass characteristic, be equivalent to the RC low pass filter make the higher-frequency composition be difficult to through, amplitude seriously decays, and different frequency composition amplitude difference is very big; The serious distortion of waveform is similar to the sinusoidal waveform that amplitude differs, and upper frequency composition waveform drift about fully in more than the zero level or below, all frequency content waveforms all drift about more than zero level when adopting the unipolar signal transmission; Therefore transmission rate is by serious restriction.How anti-interference the thick film circuit of a kind of Manchester code communication of authorizing and disclosed bipolar Manchester code decoding device and method all only to desirable Manchester code waveform decoder, do not relate to.A kind of anti-interference Manchester code decoding circuit of authorizing is to by the serious wireless carrier Manchester code that disturbs, and is not suitable for the down-hole and is transmitted by the signal of the RC equivalent electric circuit serious distortion of long-distance cable.The Waveform regulating method that the Waveform regulating method of disclosed a kind of Manchester code proposes is to double-end signal, and the signal demand that receives is approximate rectangular, can not be applicable to seriously decay of quilt, the distortion of the long Distance Transmission in down-hole, the single-ended signal of drift.
In view of above-mentioned factor; The present invention provides a kind of graceful sign indicating number down-hole long Distance Transmission device and method; Its graceful sign indicating number transmitting element adopts the graceful sign indicating number bipolar pulse drive circuit based on improved push-pull type structure, and graceful sign indicating number receiving element adopts the Waveform regulating method based on LC parallel resonance mode.The present invention is applicable to the high-temperature severe environment of down-hole, has solved the difficult problem of single-ended signal length apart from signal fading badly, distortion, drift in the downhole transmitted, and can correctly decode.
[summary of the invention]
The purpose of this invention is to provide the long Distance Transmission device and method in a kind of Manchester code down-hole,, solve the difficult problem of single-ended signal length, and can correctly decode apart from signal fading badly, distortion, drift in the downhole transmitted to be applicable to the adverse circumstances of down-hole.
Be the realization above-mentioned purpose, the long Distance Transmission device and method in a kind of graceful sign indicating number down-hole provided by the invention, adopt following technical scheme:
The long Distance Transmission device and method in a kind of graceful sign indicating number down-hole is characterized in that: this device is made up of graceful sign indicating number transmitting element and graceful sign indicating number receiving element; Graceful sign indicating number transmitting element comprises graceful sign indicating number coding module, bipolar pulse generation module, recommends driver module; Graceful sign indicating number receiving element comprises LC parallel resonance module, unipolar pulse generation module, graceful sign indicating number decoder module, communication module; Graceful sign indicating number transmitting element is weaved into the unipolar pulse of graceful sign indicating number with data, and the bipolar pulse of the graceful sign indicating number of regeneration is driven on the cable transmission unit through improved push-pull configuration; Graceful sign indicating number receiving element selects suitable inductance to be connected in parallel between the holding wire and ground wire of cable transmission unit receiving terminal, makes it on graceful sign indicating number pulse highest frequency component, produce the LC parallel resonance, and the unipolar pulse of the graceful sign indicating number of regeneration is decoded at last and reached host computer; This device and method is applicable to the down-hole high-temperature severe environment, can solve the difficult problem of single-ended signal length apart from signal fading badly, distortion, drift in the downhole transmitted, and can correctly decode.
Wherein, the long Distance Transmission device and method in described a kind of Manchester code down-hole is characterized in that said device graceful sign indicating number transmitting element 12 each module operation principle and sends the step of graceful coded signal following:
In the 1. step, graceful sign indicating number coding module 121 adopts programmable logic device (CPLD)s to convert parallel data 11 to serial data and delivers to graceful code communication chip HD15530, and controls this chip and realize graceful sign indicating number coding, generates the graceful sign indicating number unipolar pulse of amplitude 5V;
In the 2. step, bipolar pulse generation module 122 utilizes the voltage comparator with dual power supply, rail-to-rail output with the unipolar pulse of graceful sign indicating number and the graceful yard bipolar pulse of generation ± 12V of 2.5V voltage ratio;
The 3. step, recommend driver module 123 bipolar pulse of graceful sign indicating number is carried out voltage follow through common-collector amplifier, utilize two identical triodes of parameter to be responsible for the waveform power amplification task of positive and negative half cycle respectively with push pull mode;
The 4. step, when cable 132 is single-core cable, the outer armour of cable is received on ground, last one goes on foot the gained signal is connected on the cable core through signal and power coupler 131; When cable 132 is multicore cable, ground is received on the outer armour or heart yearn of cable, power supply, a last step gained signal are received respectively on the different heart yearns of cable.
Wherein, the long Distance Transmission device and method in described a kind of Manchester code down-hole is characterized in that said device graceful sign indicating number receiving element 14 each module operation principle and receives the step of graceful coded signal following:
In the 1. step, when cable 132 is single-core cable, utilize signal and power supply separator 133 to isolate signal; When cable 132 is multicore cable, do not need this step, jumped to for the 2. step;
The 2. step; In LC parallel resonance module 141; Select suitable inductance to be connected in parallel between cable transmission unit 13 receiving end signal lines and the ground wire; Make the highest frequency component of graceful coded signal produce LC parallel resonance phenomenon, the clock frequency f of serial input data when graceful coded signal highest frequency component equals to encode, the shunt capacitance total value C of cable
PCan draw through cable equivalence resistance-capacitance network model, draw the inductance value that to select for use according to LC parallel resonance formula
In the 3. step, unipolar pulse generation module 142 adopts the hysteresis voltage comparators to carry out zero balancing, and generating amplitude is the graceful sign indicating number unipolar pulse of 5V;
In the 4. step, graceful sign indicating number decoder module 143 utilizes CPLD control HD15530 to decode and obtains the serial data result, and converts thereof into parallel data;
In the 5. step, communication module 144 utilizes CPLD control EZ-USB FX2 chip to realize general programmable interface GPIF pattern USB2.0 high-speed communication function, will go up a step gained parallel data and be uploaded to host computer 15, also possesses serial communication function simultaneously.
A kind of Manchester code provided by the invention down-hole long Distance Transmission device and method advantage is:
1. said device and method is applicable to the down-hole high-temperature severe environment, can solve the difficult problem of single-ended signal length apart from signal fading badly, distortion, drift in the downhole transmitted, and can correctly decode.
2. it is integrated that graceful code communication chip HD15530 encoding and decoding are changed and controlled to the serial of programmable logic device (CPLD) collection, parallel data each other; Can reduce two serial datas of peripheral circuit of HD15530 and change parallel data chip and two parallel datas commentaries on classics serial data chips, simplify circuit;
3. the voltage comparator one that bipolar pulse generating module utilization has dual power supply, rail-to-rail output goes on foot two functions that realize unipolar pulse is converted into bipolar pulse and raising output voltage; The bipolar pulse of graceful sign indicating number with respect to the drift of graceful sign indicating number unipolar pulse can minimizing signal, helps the long Distance Transmission of single-ended signal in the long-distance cable transmission;
4. recommend driver module the bipolar pulse of graceful sign indicating number is carried out voltage follow through common-collector amplifier earlier; Utilize two identical triodes of parameter to be responsible for the waveform power amplification task of positive and negative half cycle respectively with push pull mode again; This improved push-pull configuration not only has pulse rising and the fast advantage of decrease speed; It is big also to have input impedance, and output impedance is little, the advantage that the load capacity of circuit is strong; And tradition adopts the chip that improves drive current can only be directed against unipolar signal, and tradition adopts the transformer that improves output voltage, can bring certain inductance value to disturb;
5. be directed against the capacitive reactance bypass characteristic of long-distance cable; Utilize LC parallel resonance mode to reduce the influence of the RC LPF effect of cable; Having eliminated upper frequency composition waveform drifts about more than zero level or following phenomenon fully; And it is other to have reduced different frequency composition waveform difference in magnitude, helps transmitting to greatest extent the higher-frequency composition in the graceful sign indicating number double polarity pulse signal;
6. the unipolar pulse generation module adopts the hysteresis voltage comparator, helps antinoise and disturbs;
7. communication module has general programmable interface GPIF pattern USB2.0 high-speed communication function.
[Figure of description]
Fig. 1 is a kind of Manchester code down-hole long Distance Transmission device and method principle schematic;
Fig. 2 is cable equivalence resistance-capacitance network and LC parallel resonance sketch map;
Fig. 3 adopts this device and method to carry out the oscillogram of 7000 meters cable transmission of graceful sign indicating number.
[embodiment]
With reference to Fig. 1, the long Distance Transmission device in a kind of Manchester code of the present invention down-hole is made up of graceful sign indicating number transmitting element 12 and graceful sign indicating number receiving element 14; Graceful sign indicating number transmitting element 12 comprises graceful sign indicating number coding module 121, bipolar pulse generation module 122, recommends driver module 123; Graceful sign indicating number receiving element 14 comprises LC parallel resonance module 141, unipolar pulse generation module 142, graceful sign indicating number decoder module 143, communication module 144.
With reference to Fig. 2; The cable that present embodiment uses is 7000 meters three-core cables that grand celebration oil testing service branch company is used to log well; With dc power supply, receive respectively on three heart yearns with signal, the parameter of 7000 meters long pairing equivalent resistance-capacitance network models 21 of this cable that the said firm provides is following:
R
1＝R
2＝…＝R
12＝18Ω,R
13＝4.7Ω；
r
1＝r
2＝…＝r
12＝1.8Ω,r
13＝0.47Ω；
C
1＝C
2＝…＝C
11＝0.22μF,C
12＝0.47μF。
With reference to Fig. 3, present embodiment adopts above-mentioned 7000 meters three-core cables, and graceful sign indicating number encoding and decoding clock is 16kHz, utilizes this device and method to carry out graceful sign indicating number coding, single-ended signal transmission, decoding.31 expression 16kHz clock signals among Fig. 3; 32 expression serial data signals; The graceful sign indicating number unipolar pulse signal (for convenient serial data with graceful coded signal and its representative contrasts up and down, the graceful coded signal of 2 bytes that the coding that only draws forms, the graceful code communication chip HD15530 that do not draw are 3 frame synchronization heads, the 1 bit parity check position that the graceful coded signal of per 2 bytes adds automatically among Fig. 3) of 33 expression amplitude 5V; After 34 expression signals, 33 conventional ADS driving through the waveform of 7000 meters cable transmission; The graceful sign indicating number of 35 expression ± 12V double polarity pulse signal, 36 expression signals 35 are recommended the waveform of driving after through 7000 meters cable transmission, and 37 expression signals 36 adopt the waveform behind the LC parallel resonances; The unipolar pulse signal of the amplitude 5V that 38 expression signals, 37 zero passage voltage relatively generate, the 39 expressions serial data signal that 38 decodings obtain to signal.
With reference to Fig. 1-3, the step that the graceful sign indicating number of this device transmitting element 12 sends graceful coded signal is following:
The 1. step; Graceful sign indicating number coding module 121 adopts programmable logic device (CPLD) to convert parallel data 11 (is example with hexadecimal value ACBC) to serial data 32 and delivers to graceful code communication chip HD15530; And control this chip and realize graceful sign indicating number coding, generate the graceful sign indicating number unipolar pulse 33 of amplitude 5V;
In the 2. step, bipolar pulse generation module 122 utilizes the voltage comparator with dual power supply, rail-to-rail output with the unipolar pulse of graceful sign indicating number and the graceful yard bipolar pulse 35 of generation ± 12V of 2.5V voltage ratio;
The 3. step, recommend driver module 123 graceful sign indicating number bipolar pulse 35 is carried out voltage follow through common-collector amplifier earlier, utilize two identical triodes of parameter to be responsible for the waveform power amplification task of positive and negative half cycle respectively with push pull mode again;
The 4. step because the cable 132 that present embodiment adopts is 7000 meters three-core cables that grand celebration oil testing service branch company is used to log well, a transmission of one line signal, only need with dc power supply, and a last step gained signal receive respectively on three heart yearns; When if cable 132 is single-core cable, need the outer armour of cable is received on ground, a last step gained signal is connected on the cable core through signal and power coupler 131.
With reference to Fig. 1-3, the step that the graceful sign indicating number of this device receiving element 141 receives graceful coded signal is following:
In the 1. step,, obtain waveform 36 on the cable transmission unit 13 receiving end signal heart yearns because the cable 132 that present embodiment adopts is 7000 meters three-core cables; If when cable 132 is single-core cable, need utilize signal and power supply separator 133 to isolate signal;
The 2. step; LC parallel resonance module 141 selects suitable inductance 22 to be connected in parallel between cable transmission unit 13 receiving end signal lines and the ground wire; Produce LC parallel resonance phenomenon in graceful coded signal highest frequency component; The clock frequency f of serial input data was 16kHz when graceful coded signal highest frequency component equaled to encode, the shunt capacitance total value C of cable equivalence resistance-capacitance network model 21
P=C
1+ C
2+ ... C
12=2.467 μ F draw the inductance value that should select for use according to LC parallel resonance formula
Obtain waveform 37 after adopting the LC parallel resonance;
In the 3. step, unipolar pulse generation module 142 adopts the hysteresis voltage comparators to carry out zero balancing, generates the graceful sign indicating number unipolar pulse 38 of amplitude 5V;
In the 4. step, graceful sign indicating number decoder module 144 utilizes CPLD control HD15530 to decode, and begins to obtain serial data signal 39 the 2nd clock cycle, converts thereof into parallel data, and its hexadecimal value is ACBC, and is correct;
In the 5. step, communication module 145 utilizes CPLD control EZ-USB FX2 chip to realize general programmable interface GPIF pattern USB2.0 high-speed communication function, will go up a step gained parallel data and be uploaded to host computer 15, also possesses serial communication function simultaneously.
In order to estimate the long Distance Transmission device and method in a kind of Manchester code of the present invention down-hole more objectively; Compare with the effect that does not adopt this device and method to obtain; With unipolar pulse signal 33 through obtaining waveform 34 after through 7000 meters cable transmission after the DS1633 chip drives; Its all frequency content waveforms all drift about more than zero level, and amplitude attenuation, distortion are extremely serious, can't decode.Adopt this device and method to drive through improved push-pull configuration, increased input impedance, reduced output impedance through the bipolar pulse 35 of the graceful sign indicating number of generation ± 12V; Improved load capacity, accelerated that pulse is risen and fall time, the waveform 36 after making it through 7000 meters cable transmission; Be similar to the sinusoidal waveform that amplitude differs; Its lower frequency composition does not have drift, its upper frequency composition waveform still drift about fully in more than the zero level or below, but bigger improvement is arranged with respect to waveform 34.Adopt this device and method again waveform 36 to be obtained waveform 37 after through LC parallel resonance mode; Although its amplitude attenuation is more serious; But waveform has obtained very big improvement; Eliminated upper frequency composition waveform and drifted about fully more than zero level or following phenomenon, and it is other to have reduced different frequency composition waveform difference in magnitude, make and relatively to recover graceful sign indicating number waveform and decoding through follow-up hysteresis zero passage voltage.
Through above-mentioned comparison, can draw to draw a conclusion: this device and method is applicable to the down-hole high-temperature severe environment, can solve the difficult problem of single-ended signal length apart from signal fading badly, distortion, drift in the downhole transmitted, and can correctly decode.
The above is merely the basic scheme of practical implementation method of the present invention; But protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; Any those skilled in the art that are in technical scope disclosed by the invention, and the variation that can expect or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claim.All fall into the implication that is equal to of claim and the variation in the scope all will be included within the scope of claim.
Claims (3)
1. the Distance Transmission device and method is grown in a Manchester code (being called for short graceful sign indicating number) down-hole, it is characterized in that: this device is made up of graceful sign indicating number transmitting element and graceful sign indicating number receiving element; Graceful sign indicating number transmitting element comprises graceful sign indicating number coding module, bipolar pulse generation module, recommends driver module; Graceful sign indicating number receiving element comprises LC parallel resonance module, unipolar pulse generation module, graceful sign indicating number decoder module, communication module; Graceful sign indicating number transmitting element is weaved into the unipolar pulse of graceful sign indicating number with data, and the bipolar pulse of the graceful sign indicating number of regeneration is driven on the cable transmission unit through improved push-pull configuration; Graceful sign indicating number receiving element selects suitable inductance to be connected in parallel between the holding wire and ground wire of cable transmission unit receiving terminal, on graceful sign indicating number pulse highest frequency component, produces the LC parallel resonance, and the unipolar pulse of the graceful sign indicating number of regeneration is decoded at last and reached host computer; This device and method is applicable to the down-hole high-temperature severe environment, can solve the difficult problem of single-ended signal length apart from signal fading badly, distortion, drift in the downhole transmitted, and can correctly decode.
2. the long Distance Transmission device and method in a kind of graceful sign indicating number as claimed in claim 1 down-hole is characterized in that said device graceful sign indicating number each module operation principle of transmitting element (12) and sends the step of graceful coded signal following:
In the 1. step, graceful sign indicating number coding module (121) adopts programmable logic device (CPLD) to convert parallel data (11) to serial data and delivers to graceful code communication chip HD15530, and controls this chip and realize graceful sign indicating number coding, and generating amplitude is the graceful sign indicating number unipolar pulse of 5V;
In the 2. step, bipolar pulse generation module (122) utilization has the voltage comparator of dual power supply, rail-to-rail output with the unipolar pulse of graceful sign indicating number and the graceful yard bipolar pulse of generation ± 12V of 2.5V voltage ratio;
The 3. step, recommend driver module (123) bipolar pulse of graceful sign indicating number is carried out voltage follow through common-collector amplifier earlier, utilize two identical triodes of parameter to be responsible for the waveform power amplification task of positive and negative half cycle respectively with push pull mode again;
The 4. step, when cable (132) when being single-core cable, the outer armour of cable is received on ground, last one goes on foot the gained signal is connected on the cable core through signal and power coupler (131); When cable (132) when being multicore cable, ground is received on the outer armour or heart yearn of cable, power supply, a last step gained signal are received respectively on the different heart yearns of cable.
3. the long Distance Transmission device and method in a kind of graceful sign indicating number as claimed in claim 1 down-hole is characterized in that said device graceful sign indicating number each module operation principle of receiving element (14) and receives the step of graceful coded signal following:
In the 1. step,, utilize signal and power supply separator (133) to isolate signal when cable (132) when being single-core cable; When cable (132) when being multicore cable, do not need this step, jumped to for the 2. step;
The 2. step; In LC parallel resonance module (141); Select suitable inductance to be connected in parallel between cable transmission unit (13) receiving end signal line and the ground wire; Make the highest frequency component in the graceful coded signal produce LC parallel resonance phenomenon, the clock frequency f of serial input data when graceful coded signal highest frequency component equals to encode, the shunt capacitance total value C of cable
PCan draw through cable equivalence resistance-capacitance network model, draw the inductance value that to select for use according to LC parallel resonance formula
In the 3. step, unipolar pulse generation module (142) adopts the hysteresis voltage comparator to carry out zero balancing, and generating amplitude is the graceful sign indicating number unipolar pulse of 5V;
In the 4. step, graceful sign indicating number decoder module (143) utilizes CPLD control HD15530 to decode and obtains the serial data result, and converts thereof into parallel data;
In the 5. step, communication module (144) utilizes CPLD control EZ-USB FX2 chip to realize general programmable interface GPIF pattern USB high-speed communication function, will go up a step gained parallel data and be uploaded to host computer (15), also possesses serial communication function simultaneously.
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