CN102843166B - Device and method for underground long-distance transmission of Manchester code - Google Patents
Device and method for underground long-distance transmission of Manchester code Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for underground long-distance transmission of Manchester code (Man code), and belongs to the technical field of communication and the technical field of oil exploration. The device for the underground long-distance transmission of the Man code comprises a Man code sending unit and a Man code receiving unit. The Man code sending unit comprises a Man code encoding module, a bipolar pulse generating module and a push-pull driver module. The Man code receiving unit comprises an inductance-capacitance (LC) parallel resonant module, a unipolar pulse generating module, a Man code decoding module and a communication module. The Man code sending unit is used to compile data into a unipolar pulse and then generate a bipolar pulse, and the improved push-pull driver module is used to drive the bipolar pulse to be sent to a cable transmission unit. Appropriate inductance is selected in the Man code receiving unit and connected in parallel between a signal line of the receiving end of the cable transmission unit and a ground wire, LC parallel resonance is generated on the highest frequency component of Man code pulses, then the Man code unipolar pulse is generated, and the Man code unipolar pulse is decoded and transmitted to a host computer. The device and the method for the underground long-distance transmission of the Man code are suitable for an underground high temperature severe environment, the severe attenuation distortion drifting problem of single-ended signals in long-distance transmission can be resolved, and the unipolar pulse can be decoded correctly.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to the long Distance Transmission device and method in communication technical field and oil exploration technology field, particularly a kind of Manchester code (being called for short graceful code) down-hole, be applicable to the long Distance Transmission of single-ended signal in the high-temperature severe environment of down-hole.
[background technology]
In petroleum exploration logging, downhole instrument circuit needs to carry out real-time data communication between ground system, related logging data is sent to ground timely and effectively and processes.
Manchester code (being called for short graceful code) is commonly used for a kind of coded system of underground communica tion.Graceful code is a kind of code that data in sent bit stream and timing signal are combined, and is one of conventional pattern of transmitting of digital baseband.Hopping edge (but not level) the indicate binary message (0 or 1) of transmission for graceful code, general provision bit centre with under saltus step represent " 1 ", use saltus step and represent " 0 ".Simultaneously graceful code is also a kind of phase-modulation, by the zero phase representative " 0 " of clock, by 180 degree phase place representatives " 1 " of clock.
Graceful code has following two advantages: the first, and graceful code is considered to one and makes time-code by oneself, and self-timing means that the precise synchronization of data flow is feasible, and each bit is transmitted exactly in the pre-defined time.The second, graceful code provides a kind of simple method, the in the situation that of can there is no level saltus step in long-time section, still can encode to binary sequence arbitrarily; And prevent the loss of synchronizing clock signals in this case, and prevent the caused bit mistake of low pass analog circuit medium and low frequency DC-shift.The 3rd, each cycle of graceful coded signal, positive negative level respectively accounted for half, made graceful coded signal remove zero frequency characteristic.Certain graceful code also has certain shortcoming: the result of carrying out level saltus step for each bit is that the desired bandwidth of Manchester's code is compared asynchronous communication and will be doubled, and its frequency spectrum is also wider.
At present, graceful code coded system is widely used in communication technical field, and State Intellectual Property Office has authorized two utility model patents, discloses two patents of invention.One of two utility model patents of authorizing are that a kind of thick film circuit (ZL201120239441.9) of Manchester code communication is integrated into HD15530 Manchester code communication IC and peripheral circuit in thick film circuit module, contribute to reduce instrument size.Two of two utility model patents of authorizing are a kind of anti-interference decoding circuit for Manchester codes (ZL201020112387.7), can carry out anti-interference fault-tolerant processing, are particularly useful for by the wireless carrier Manchester code receipt decoding of severe jamming.One of disclosed two patents of invention are that bipolar Manchester code decoding device and method (application number 201010232865.2) utilize the imitative HD15530 Manchester code communication IC function of programmable logic device to decode to differential digital signal " data just " and " data minus ".Two of disclosed two patents of invention are Waveform regulating methods (application number 201010104149.6) of a kind of Manchester code, positive signal and negative signal that the graceful code of can sampling respectively produces through binary channels transceiver, decode after to waveform adjustment with software approach again.
But above-mentioned patent can't be advantageously applied to petroleum exploration logging technical field.For economic consideration, downhole cable often adopts single-ended signal communication.In the time that cable is single-core cable, can only use single-ended signal communication; In the time that cable is multicore cable, use single-ended signal communication can transmit more multiple signals compared with double-end signal communication.Logging cable generally reaches 5000m to 7000 meter, presents very strong capacitive reactance bypass characteristic, is equivalent to RC low pass filter and makes higher-frequency composition be difficult to pass through, and amplitude seriously decays, and different frequency composition amplitude difference is very large; Waveform serious distortion, is similar to the sinusoidal waveform that amplitude differs, and upper frequency composition waveform drifts about completely more than zero level or below, in the time adopting unipolar signal transmission, all frequency content waveforms all drift about more than zero level; Therefore transmission rate is seriously limited.How anti-interference the thick film circuit of a kind of Manchester code communication of authorizing and disclosed bipolar Manchester code decoding device and method all, only for desirable Manchester code waveform decoder, do not relate to.A kind of anti-interference decoding circuit for Manchester codes of authorizing is for by the wireless carrier Manchester code of severe jamming, is not suitable for down-hole and is transmitted by the signal of the RC equivalent electric circuit serious distortion of long-distance cable.The Waveform regulating method that the Waveform regulating method of disclosed a kind of Manchester code proposes is for double-end signal, and the signal demand receiving is approximate rectangular, can not be applicable to the long Distance Transmission in down-hole by the single-ended signal of serious decay, distortion, drift.
In view of above-mentioned factor, the invention provides the long Distance Transmission device and method in a kind of graceful code down-hole, its graceful code transmitting element adopts the graceful code bipolar pulse drive circuit based on improved push-pull type structure, and graceful code receiving element adopts the Waveform regulating method based on LC parallel resonance mode.The present invention is applicable to the high-temperature severe environment of down-hole, has solved the difficult problem of single-ended signal length apart from signal fading badly, distortion, drift in downhole transmitted, and can be correctly decoded.
[summary of the invention]
The object of this invention is to provide the long Distance Transmission device and method in a kind of Manchester code down-hole, to be applicable to the adverse circumstances of down-hole, solve the difficult problem of single-ended signal length apart from signal fading badly, distortion, drift in downhole transmitted, and can correctly decode.
For achieving the above object, the long Distance Transmission device and method in the graceful code of one provided by the invention down-hole, by the following technical solutions:
The long Distance Transmission device and method in a kind of graceful code down-hole, is characterized in that: this device is made up of graceful code transmitting element and graceful code receiving element; Graceful code transmitting element comprises graceful code coding module, bipolar pulse generation module, push-pull drive module; Graceful code receiving element comprises LC parallel resonance module, unipolar pulse generation module, graceful code decoder module, communication module; Data are weaved into the unipolar pulse of graceful code by graceful code transmitting element, and the bipolar pulse of the graceful code of regeneration, is driven on cable transmission unit through improved push-pull configuration; Graceful code receiving element selects suitable inductance in parallel between the holding wire and ground wire of cable transmission unit receiving terminal, makes it in graceful code pulse highest frequency component, produce LC parallel resonance, and the unipolar pulse of the graceful code of regeneration, finally decodes and reach host computer; This device and method is applicable to down-hole high-temperature severe environment, can solve the difficult problem of single-ended signal length apart from signal fading badly, distortion, drift in downhole transmitted, and can be correctly decoded.
Wherein, the long Distance Transmission device and method in described a kind of Manchester code down-hole, is characterized in that the described device graceful code each module operation principle of transmitting element 12 and sends the step of graceful coded signal as follows:
The the 1. step, graceful code coding module 121 adopts programmable logic device (CPLD) that parallel data 11 transformed into serial datas are delivered to graceful code communication chip HD15530, and controls this chip and realize graceful code coding, generates the graceful code unipolar pulse of amplitude 5V;
The the 2. step, bipolar pulse generation module 122 utilizes the voltage comparator with dual power supply, rail-to-rail output by graceful yard of bipolar pulse of the unipolar pulse of graceful code and generate ± 12V of 2.5V voltage ratio;
The the 3. step, push-pull drive module 123 is carried out voltage follow by the bipolar pulse of graceful code through common-collector amplifier, utilizes two identical triodes of parameter to be responsible for respectively the waveform power amplification task of positive and negative half cycle with push pull mode;
The the 4. step, in the time that cable 132 is single-core cable, receives the outer armour of cable by ground, and previous step gained signal is connected on cable core by signal and power coupler 131; In the time that cable 132 is multicore cable, ground is received on the outer armour or a heart yearn of cable, power supply, previous step gained signal are received respectively on the different heart yearns of cable.
Wherein, the long Distance Transmission device and method in described a kind of Manchester code down-hole, is characterized in that the described device graceful code each module operation principle of receiving element 14 and receives the step of graceful coded signal as follows:
The the 1. step, in the time that cable 132 is single-core cable, utilizes signal and power supply separator 133 to isolate signal; In the time that cable 132 is multicore cable, do not need this step, jump to the 2. step;
The the 2. step, in LC parallel resonance module 141, select suitable inductance in parallel between cable transmission unit 13 receiving end signal lines and ground wire, make the highest frequency component of graceful coded signal produce LC parallel resonance phenomenon, the clock frequency f of serial input data when graceful coded signal highest frequency component equals to encode, the shunt capacitance total value C of cable
pcan draw by cable equivalence resistance-capacitance network model, draw according to LC parallel resonance formula the inductance value that should select
The the 3. step, unipolar pulse generation module 142 adopts hysteresis voltage comparator to carry out zero balancing, the graceful code unipolar pulse that to generate amplitude be 5V;
The the 4. step, graceful code decoder module 143 utilizes CPLD to control HD15530 and decodes and obtain serial data result, and converts thereof into parallel data;
The the 5. step, communication module 144 is utilized CPLD to control EZ-USB FX2 chip and is realized general programmable interface GPIF pattern USB2.0 high-speed communication function, and previous step gained parallel data is uploaded to host computer 15, also possesses serial communication function simultaneously.
A kind of Manchester code provided by the invention down-hole long Distance Transmission device and method advantage is:
1. described in, device and method is applicable to down-hole high-temperature severe environment, can solve the difficult problem of single-ended signal length apart from signal fading badly, distortion, drift in downhole transmitted, and can be correctly decoded.
2. the serial of programmable logic device (CPLD) collection, parallel data are changed mutually with to control graceful code communication chip HD15530 encoding and decoding integrated, two serial datas of peripheral circuit that can reduce HD15530 turn parallel data chip and two parallel datas turn serial data chip, have simplified circuit;
3. voltage comparator one step that the utilization of bipolar pulse generation module has dual power supply, rail-to-rail output realizes unipolar pulse is converted to bipolar pulse and improves two functions of output voltage; The bipolar pulse of graceful code can reduce the drift of signal in long-distance cable transmission with respect to the unipolar pulse of graceful code, be conducive to the long Distance Transmission of single-ended signal;
4. push-pull drive module is first carried out voltage follow through common-collector amplifier by the bipolar pulse of graceful code, recycle two identical triodes of parameter and be responsible for respectively the waveform power amplification task of positive and negative half cycle with push pull mode, this improved push-pull configuration not only have advantages of pulse rising and decrease speed fast, also there is input impedance large, output impedance is little, the strong advantage of load capacity of circuit; And the chip of tradition employing raising drive current can only be for unipolar signal, tradition adopts the transformer that improves output voltage, can bring certain inductance value interference;
5. for the capacitive reactance bypass characteristic of long-distance cable, utilize LC parallel resonance mode to reduce the impact of the RC low-pass filtering effect of cable, eliminated that upper frequency composition waveform drifts about completely more than zero level or below phenomenon, and it is other to have reduced different frequency composition waveform difference in magnitude, be conducive to transmit to greatest extent the higher-frequency composition in graceful code double polarity pulse signal;
6. unipolar pulse generation module adopts hysteresis voltage comparator, is conducive to anti-noise jamming;
7. communication module has general programmable interface GPIF pattern USB2.0 high-speed communication function.
[Figure of description]
Fig. 1 is a kind of Manchester code down-hole long Distance Transmission device and method principle schematic;
Fig. 2 is cable equivalence resistance-capacitance network and LC parallel resonance schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 adopts this device and method to carry out the oscillogram of 7000 meters of cable transmission of graceful code.
[embodiment]
With reference to Fig. 1, the long Distance Transmission device in a kind of Manchester code of the present invention down-hole is made up of graceful code transmitting element 12 and graceful code receiving element 14; Graceful code transmitting element 12 comprises graceful code coding module 121, bipolar pulse generation module 122, push-pull drive module 123; Graceful code receiving element 14 comprises LC parallel resonance module 141, unipolar pulse generation module 142, graceful code decoder module 143, communication module 144.
With reference to Fig. 2, the cable that the present embodiment uses is the 7000 meters three-core cables of grand celebration oil testing service branch company for logging well, by DC power supply, receive respectively on three heart yearns with signal, the parameter of 7000 meters of long corresponding equivalent resistance-capacitance network models 21 of this cable that the said firm provides is as follows:
R
1＝R
2＝…＝R
12＝18Ω,R
13＝4.7Ω；
r
1＝r
2＝…＝r
12＝1.8Ω,r
13＝0.47Ω；
C
1＝C
2＝…＝C
11＝0.22μF,C
12＝0.47μF。
With reference to Fig. 3, the present embodiment adopts above-mentioned 7000 meters of three-core cables, and graceful code encoding and decoding clock is 16kHz, utilizes this device and method to carry out graceful code coding, single-ended signal transmission, decoding.In Fig. 3,31 represent 16kHz clock signal, 32 represent serial data signal, 33 represent that the graceful code unipolar pulse signal of amplitude 5V (contrasts graceful coded signal with the serial data of its representative in Fig. 3 for convenience up and down, only draw the graceful coded signal of 2 byte that coding forms, not drawing graceful code communication chip HD15530 is 3 frame synchronization heads that the graceful coded signal of every 2 byte adds automatically, 1 bit parity check position), 34 represent the waveform through 7000 meters of cable transmission after signal 33 conventional ADS driving, the graceful code of 35 expression ± 12V double polarity pulse signal, 36 represent the waveform of signal 35 push-pull drives after 7000 meters of cable transmission, 37 represent that signal 36 adopts the waveform after LC parallel resonance, the unipolar pulse signal of the amplitude 5V that 38 expression signal 37 zero passage voltage relatively generate, 39 represent signal 38 serial data signal obtaining of decoding.
With reference to Fig. 1-3, the step that the graceful code of this device transmitting element 12 sends graceful coded signal is as follows:
The the 1. step, graceful code coding module 121 adopt programmable logic device (CPLD) by parallel data 11(take hexadecimal value ACBC as example) transformed into serial data 32 delivers to graceful code communication chip HD15530, and control this chip and realize graceful code coding, generate the graceful code unipolar pulse 33 of amplitude 5V;
The the 2. step, bipolar pulse generation module 122 utilizes the voltage comparator with dual power supply, rail-to-rail output by graceful yard of bipolar pulse 35 of the unipolar pulse of graceful code and generate ± 12V of 2.5V voltage ratio;
The the 3. step, push-pull drive module 123 is first carried out voltage follow through common-collector amplifier by graceful code bipolar pulse 35, recycle triodes that two parameters are identical with the push pull mode waveform power amplification task of responsible positive and negative half cycle respectively;
The the 4. step, the cable 132 adopting due to the present embodiment is grand celebration oil testing service branch company 7000 meters of three-core cables for logging well, a transmission of one line signal, only need by DC power supply, receive respectively on three heart yearns with previous step gained signal; If when cable 132 is single-core cable, ground need be received to the outer armour of cable, previous step gained signal is connected on cable core by signal and power coupler 131.
With reference to Fig. 1-3, the step that the graceful code of this device receiving element 141 receives graceful coded signal is as follows:
The the 1. step, the cable 132 adopting due to the present embodiment is 7000 meters of three-core cables, obtains waveform 36 on cable transmission unit 13 receiving end signal heart yearns; If in the time that cable 132 is single-core cable, need utilize signal and power supply separator 133 to isolate signal;
The the 2. step, LC parallel resonance module 141 selects suitable inductance 22 to be connected in parallel between cable transmission unit 13 receiving end signal lines and ground wire, produce LC parallel resonance phenomenon in graceful coded signal highest frequency component, when graceful coded signal highest frequency component equals to encode, the clock frequency f of serial input data is 16kHz, the shunt capacitance total value C of cable equivalence resistance-capacitance network model 21
p=C
1+ C
2+ ... C
12=2.467 μ F, draw according to LC parallel resonance formula the inductance value that should select
After adopting LC parallel resonance, obtain waveform 37;
The the 3. step, unipolar pulse generation module 142 adopts hysteresis voltage comparator to carry out zero balancing, generates the graceful code unipolar pulse 38 of amplitude 5V;
The the 4. step, graceful code decoder module 144 utilizes CPLD to control HD15530 and decodes, and starts to obtain serial data signal 39 the 2nd clock cycle, converts thereof into parallel data, and its hexadecimal value is ACBC, correct;
The the 5. step, communication module 145 is utilized CPLD to control EZ-USB FX2 chip and is realized general programmable interface GPIF pattern USB2.0 high-speed communication function, and previous step gained parallel data is uploaded to host computer 15, also possesses serial communication function simultaneously.
In order to evaluate more objectively the long Distance Transmission device and method in a kind of Manchester code of the present invention down-hole, contrast with not adopting the effect that this device and method obtains, unipolar pulse signal 33 is obtained to waveform 34 after DS1633 chip drives after 7000 meters of cable transmission, its all frequency content waveforms all drift about more than zero level, amplitude attenuation, distortion are extremely serious, cannot decode.Adopt this device and method to drive through improved push-pull configuration by the bipolar pulse 35 of the graceful code of generation ± 12V, increase input impedance, reduce output impedance, improve load capacity, accelerated pulse rising and falling time, made its waveform 36 after 7000 meters of cable transmission, be similar to the sinusoidal waveform that amplitude differs, its lower frequency composition is without drift, its upper frequency composition waveform still drift about completely more than zero level or below, but have larger improvement with respect to waveform 34.Adopt this device and method again waveform 36 to be obtained to waveform 37 after by LC parallel resonance mode, although its amplitude attenuation is more serious, but waveform has obtained very large improvement, eliminated that upper frequency composition waveform drifts about completely more than zero level or below phenomenon, and it is other to have reduced different frequency composition waveform difference in magnitude, make relatively to recover graceful code waveform decoding by follow-up hysteresis zero passage voltage.
By above-mentioned comparison, can draw to draw a conclusion: this device and method is applicable to down-hole high-temperature severe environment, can solve the difficult problem of single-ended signal length apart from signal fading badly, distortion, drift in downhole transmitted, and can correctly decode.
The foregoing is only the basic scheme of specific implementation method of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; any those skilled in the art are in technical scope disclosed by the invention, and the variation that can expect or replacement, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claim.Variation in all implication being equal to and scopes that fall into claim is all by within being included in the scope of claim.
Claims (3)
1. the long Distance Transmission device in Manchester code down-hole, is characterized in that: this device is made up of Manchester code transmitting element and Manchester code receiving element; Manchester code transmitting element comprises Manchester code coding module, bipolar pulse generation module, push-pull drive module; Manchester code receiving element comprises LC parallel resonance module, unipolar pulse generation module, Manchester code decoder module, communication module; Data are weaved into Manchester code unipolar pulse by Manchester code transmitting element, and the bipolar pulse of regeneration Manchester code is driven on cable transmission unit through improved push-pull configuration; Select an inductance in parallel between the holding wire and ground wire of cable transmission unit receiving terminal at Manchester code receiving element, described inductance makes to produce LC parallel resonance in Manchester code pulse highest frequency component, the unipolar pulse of regeneration Manchester code, finally decodes and reaches host computer; The value L of wherein said inductance
pmeet
the clock frequency of serial input data when f is coding in formula, Manchester code pulse highest frequency component equals f, C
pfor the shunt capacitance total value of cable.
2. use the long Distance Transmission device in Manchester code as claimed in claim 1 down-hole to send a method for Manchester code, it is characterized in that, step is as follows:
The the 1. step, Manchester code coding module (121) adopts the first programmable logic device (CPLD) that parallel data (11) transformed into serial data is delivered to the first Manchester code communication chip HD15530, and control this chip and realize Manchester code coding, the Manchester code unipolar pulse that generation amplitude is 5V;
The the 2. step, the voltage comparator that bipolar pulse generation module (122) utilization has dual power supply, rail-to-rail output is by Manchester code unipolar pulse and the bipolar pulse of generate ± 12V of 2.5V voltage ratio Manchester code;
The the 3. step, push-pull drive module (123) is first carried out voltage follow through common-collector amplifier by Manchester code bipolar pulse, recycle triodes that two parameters are identical with the push pull mode waveform power amplification task of responsible positive and negative half cycle respectively;
The the 4. step, in the time that cable (132) is single-core cable, receives the outer armour of cable by ground, and previous step gained signal is connected on cable core by signal and power coupler (131); In the time that cable (132) is multicore cable, ground is received on the outer armour or a heart yearn of cable, power supply, previous step gained signal are received respectively on the different heart yearns of cable.
3. use the long Distance Transmission device in Manchester code as claimed in claim 1 down-hole to receive a method for Manchester code, it is characterized in that, step is as follows:
The the 1. step, in the time that cable (132) is single-core cable, utilizes signal and power supply separator (133) to isolate signal; In the time that cable (132) is multicore cable, do not need this step, jump to the 2. step;
The the 2. step, in LC parallel resonance module (141), select an inductance in parallel between cable transmission unit (13) receiving end signal line and ground wire, described inductance makes the highest frequency component in the coded signal of Manchester produce LC parallel resonance phenomenon, the clock frequency f of serial input data when Manchester coded signal highest frequency component equals to encode, the shunt capacitance total value C of cable
pcan draw by cable equivalence resistance-capacitance network model the value L of wherein said inductance
pdraw according to LC parallel resonance formula
The the 3. step, unipolar pulse generation module (142) adopts hysteresis voltage comparator to carry out zero balancing, the Manchester code unipolar pulse that to generate amplitude be 5V;
The the 4. step, Manchester code decoder module (143) utilizes the 2nd CPLD to control the 2nd HD15530 and decodes and obtain serial data result, and converts thereof into parallel data;
The the 5. step, communication module (144) is utilized the 2nd CPLD to control EZ-USB FX2 chip and is realized general programmable interface GPIF pattern USB high-speed communication function, previous step gained parallel data is uploaded to host computer (15), and communication module (144) also possesses serial communication function simultaneously.
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