CN104481519A - Cross-well electromagnetic well logging signal emission electronic system - Google Patents
Cross-well electromagnetic well logging signal emission electronic system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104481519A CN104481519A CN201410498745.5A CN201410498745A CN104481519A CN 104481519 A CN104481519 A CN 104481519A CN 201410498745 A CN201410498745 A CN 201410498745A CN 104481519 A CN104481519 A CN 104481519A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/13—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cross-well electromagnetic well logging signal emission electronic system and belongs to the technical field of cross-well electromagnetic well logging. A power amplification circuit is adopted to perform power amplification on excitation signals, the power amplification circuit adopts high-pressure power supply, and high-energy low-frequency electromagnetic waves are generated; the emission electronic system is provided with a precise timer module which is used for recording the accurate time of an emission signal and calculating phases of the emission signal and a receiving signal in a receiving well. The emission electronic system is formed by a power module, an underground CPU (Central Processing Unit), a timer module, a DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer) signal generator, a power amplifier, an impedance matching circuit, an auxiliary parameter measuring module, a main AD (Analog Digital) conversion module and an auxiliary AD conversion module. The cross-well electromagnetic well logging signal emission electronic system can generate high-energy electronic waves, and during electromagnetic well logging, cross-well stratum resistivity is calculated combining the emission data and receiving data and accordingly the cross-well oil and gas distribution is obtained through inversion.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electromagnetic logging technical field between well, more specifically, relating to electromagnetic logging signal electron emission system between a kind of well, for launching high energy electromagnetic ripple.
Background technology
Although Regular wireline resolution ratio is high, investigation depth can only reach the scope of several meters, and physical prospecting investigation depth is very dark, but resolution capability is poor, can not carry out fine evaluation to reservoir.Meanwhile, development period oil field need tracking and monitoring reservoir injection production profile dynamically, evaluate remaining oil distribution, look for oil and gas enrichment region, meet oil field secondary development and injection production profile monitoring needs, and then improve probing success rate and ultimate recovery.
Between well, electromagnetic system is the new loging technology grown up on individual well logging technique basis: transmitter is placed in a bite well to stratum emitting electromagnetic wave, receiver is placed in the electromagnetic wave that another mouthful of downhole receiving is come through earth-layer propagation, by carrying out inverting to reception data, obtain reflecting two dimension or the three-dimensional-electroded method of oil reservoir structure and petroleum distribution between well, thus the direct measurement realized well formation electrical characteristics and description, be the best of formation information between detecting shaft and the most direct logging mode.Want to obtain resistivity distribution sectional drawing between accurate well, just must obtain before inverting and receive data accurately, this just proposes requirement to electron emission system.And the emitted energy of the electron emission system of domestic existing logging system is not high, cause logging accuracy not high, and the distance of well logging is very little.
Summary of the invention
For above defect or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides electromagnetic logging signal electron emission system between a kind of well, for a kind of electron emission system can launching high energy electromagnetic ripple, make to utilize electromagnetism between well can obtain resistivity distribution sectional drawing between more accurate well, obtain accurate well formation information.
The invention provides electromagnetic logging signal electron emission system between a kind of well, comprise power module, down-hole CPU, timer module, DDS signal generator, power amplifier, impedance matching circuit, auxiliary parameter measurement module and main and auxiliary AD conversion module, wherein:
Described power module, for powering for described down-hole CPU, described timer module, described DDS signal generator, described auxiliary parameter acquisition module and described main and auxiliary AD conversion module;
Described down-hole CPU, for controlling the timing of described timer module, described DDS signal generator generation pumping signal and gathering the described data signal of main and auxiliary AD conversion module output, the time signal of described timer module, and send the signal of collection to ground system through remote short section by communication interface;
Described timer module, for transmitting with Received signal strength after described main AD conversion module converts data signal at every turn, read the real time of day value of down-hole electron emission system and areal receiver-array system respectively simultaneously, and with convert to data signal transmit and Received signal strength upload to described ground system by described down-hole CPU, thus transmit described in determining and time difference of described Received signal strength, and then transmit described in calculating and the phase difference of described Received signal strength;
Described DDS signal generator, for generation of the waveform stimulus signal within the scope of certain frequency;
Described power amplifier, the described waveform stimulus signal for described DDS signal generator being produced produces high energy electromagnetic ripple with stimulated emission coil after carrying out power amplification;
Described impedance matching circuit, transfers to described transmitting coil for the output signal of described power amplifier is carried out peak power;
Described auxiliary parameter measurement module, for measuring in real time the temperature of described electron emission system, magnetic flux and supply voltage in well logging, to judge whether described electron emission system is in normal operating conditions;
Described main AD conversion module, is converted to data signal for the described waveform stimulus signal described DDS signal generator produced, and is sent to described down-hole CPU;
Described auxiliary AD conversion module, is converted to data signal for the analog signal described auxiliary parameter measurement module exported, and is sent to described down-hole CPU.
In general, the above technical scheme conceived by the present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
By launching high energy electromagnetic ripple, more accurate invert data can be obtained, thus obtain resistivity distribution sectional drawing between more accurate well, greatly improve oil field ultimate recovery; By by pumping signal power amplify after with stimulated emission coil, improve the electromagnetic intensity of coil transmissions, and then the horizontal detection degree of depth of logging instrument increased greatly; Realize impedance matching, the optimum under the performance of electron emission system can be made to reach agreement criterion, realize the peak powerization transmission of signal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of electron emission system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the transmitter module of electron emission system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the auxiliary parameter measurement module of electron emission system of the present invention and the schematic diagram of auxiliary AD conversion module;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the timer module of electron emission system of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, if below in described each embodiment of the present invention involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can mutually combine.
Figure 1 shows that the structural representation of electron emission system of the present invention, comprising: power module, down-hole CPU, timer module, DDS signal generator, power amplifier, impedance matching circuit, auxiliary parameter measurement module and main and auxiliary AD conversion module.
220V alternating voltage, the 600V high direct voltage of ground receiver treatment system are sent to power module, power amplifier module respectively through alternating voltage cable and direct current high voltage cable respectively, and the control signal such as timing, transmitting ground receiver treatment system sent is sent to down-hole CPU through communication cable by communication interface; Power module, for 220V alternating voltage being converted to the operating voltage of down-hole CPU, timer module, direct digital synthesis technique (hereinafter referred to as DDS) signal generator, auxiliary parameter acquisition module and main and auxiliary AD conversion module, for each module normally works power supply; Down-hole CPU, produce pumping signal and gather the main and auxiliary data signal of AD conversion module output, the time signal of timer module for the timing of control timer module, DDS signal generator, and by communication interface, the signal of collection being sent to remote short section; Timer module, for transmitting with Received signal strength after main AD conversion module converts data signal at every turn, read the real time of day value of down-hole electron emission system and areal receiver-array system respectively simultaneously, and upload to ground system with the above-mentioned data signal exported through main AD conversion module conversion by down-hole CPU, thus determine to transmit and time difference of Received signal strength, and then calculate and transmit and the phase difference of Received signal strength; DDS signal generator, for generation of the sine wave exciting signal within the scope of certain frequency; Power amplifier, the sine wave exciting signal for DDS signal generator being produced produces high-energy emitting electromagnetic wave with stimulated emission coil after carrying out power amplification; Impedance matching circuit, for the output signal of power amplifier is carried out maximum power transfer to transmitting coil, to reduce the loss of signal in signals transmission; Auxiliary parameter measurement module, for measuring in real time the temperature of electron emission system, magnetic flux and supply voltage in well logging, to judge whether downhole instrument is in normal operating conditions; Main AD conversion module, sinusoidal wave analog signal for DDS signal generator being exported is converted to data signal, so that down-hole CPU carries out the collection of sine wave exciting signal to electron emission system, send ground receiver treatment system to by remote short section and control; Auxiliary AD conversion module, analog signal for auxiliary parameter measurement module being exported is converted to data signal, so that down-hole CPU carries out the collection of voltage, temperature, magnetic flux to electron emission system, send ground receiver treatment system to by remote short section and control.
In order to obtain high-energy emitting electromagnetic wave, the pumping signal of transmitting coil first to be produced.In embodiments of the present invention, utilize DDS technology, the pumping signal within the scope of required certain frequency can be obtained.DDS is a kind of based on the frequency synthesis technique of digital technology from the required waveform of phase place concept synthesis.DDS system forms primarily of phase accumulator, wave memorizer, D/A converter and low pass filter.Under the effect of input reference clock, phase accumulator adds up to frequency control word, then the address of the data after each adding up as wave memorizer is inputted, corresponding waveforms amplitude is obtained by looking into Waveform storage table, be converted to analog voltage or electric current through D/A converter, then by low pass filter, spuious for the high frequency in waveform filtering obtained level and smooth wave form output.Wave form output frequency
wherein, M is frequency control word, and n is the figure place of phase accumulator, f
mCLKfor master clock frequency.The pumping signal of different frequency can be synthesized by changing frequency control word M.
In order to obtain high-energy emitting electromagnetic wave, also need high-octane pumping signal.In embodiments of the present invention, with stimulated emission coil after power amplifier is amplified by pumping signal power DDS signal generator exported, its performance directly determines the electromagnetic power of coil transmissions, and then has influence on the horizontal detection degree of depth of logging instrument.
Between power amplifier and transmitting coil, impedance matching circuit must be had.Because signal or electric energy are in the process of transmission, in order to realize the peak powerization transmission of signal, require that circuit connects and realizing impedance matching.When circuit impedance mismatch, not only can not get maximum power delivery, also may produce infringement to circuit.Impedance matching is related to the performance of system, the optimum under circuit realiration impedance matching can make the performance of system reach agreement criterion.
Figure 2 shows that the schematic diagram of the transmitter module of electron emission system of the present invention, comprising: DDS signal generator, power amplifier and impedance matching circuit.
In embodiments of the present invention, DDS signal generator adopts DDS chip and low pass filter to form.DDS chip is a kind of programmable waveform generator, can produce sine wave, triangular wave and square wave and export.Output frequency and phase place can be programmed by software, and adjustment is simple.DDS chip writes data by serial line interface, exports the waveform of corresponding frequencies.The phase accumulator of DDS chip in units of frequency control word M, every a master clock frequency f
mCLKaccumulate once, the phase place excursion of output is 0 ~ 2 π (occurring in digital form).Phase controlling register determines the initial phase of output signal
high n (n is the figure place of the phase controlling register) position of the phase place of the corresponding figure place exported to phase accumulator is added, its result (linear with the time) as wave memorizer address and convert phase information to amplitude.The digital value of amplitude is converted to analog signal again by D/A modular converter.Its output spectrum comprises first-harmonic and aliasing signal, and aliasing signal frequency is the multiple of reference clock frequency and selected output frequency.Use low pass filter filtering aliasing signal, obtain the pumping signal of required frequency.In embodiments of the present invention, DDS chip is write to the phase control words of the control word of corresponding control register, the frequency control word of frequency register and phase register under the control of down-hole CPU, and input master clock signal and serial clock signal and corresponding working control signal.The method SECO of this generation pumping signal is simple, and reliability is high, and the construction cycle is also shorter.
In embodiments of the present invention, power amplifier adopts D class full bridge power amplifier.This D class full bridge power amplifier is made up of four modules: PWM module, carries out PWM for pumping signal DDS signal generator exported, and exports PWM modulation signal; FET driver module, for PWM modulation signal being converted to the signal of driving force, for full-bridge circuit provides control signal, with driving switch device; Full-bridge circuit module, for producing power signal under the effect of drive singal, with stimulated emission coil transmissions high energy electromagnetic ripple; Low-pass filtering module, for the high frequency carrier contained in the power signal that filtering full-bridge circuit module produces, obtains required high power excitation signal.The power tube of D class full bridge power amplifier is operated on off state, namely at any time in drain voltage v
dwith drain current i
dproduct all very little, even go to zero, therefore the dissipated power of power tube is very little, almost nil.So just make the ideal efficiency of D-type power amplifier be 100%, actual efficiency is about 90%.Meanwhile, the structure of D class full bridge power amplifier adopts full bridge structure, and the advantage of the comprehensive half-bridge of full bridge power amplifying circuit and push-pull circuit, make electric current constant, and voltage across poles is the half of single step arrangement voltage across poles.In embodiments of the present invention, inputting the 600V high direct voltage of coming from ground is that D class full bridge power amplifier is powered, and obtains the power required for launching.
In embodiments of the present invention, impedance matching circuit adopts the mode of selecting tuning electric capacity to carry out impedance matching.By changing the capacitance of tuning capacitance, making the impedance of load impedance and transmitting coil and the output impedance of power amplifier reach conjugate impedance match, realizing peak power output coupling.
Figure 3 shows that the auxiliary parameter measurement module of electron emission system of the present invention and the schematic diagram of auxiliary AD conversion module.In embodiments of the present invention, auxiliary parameter measurement module is made up of four modules: temperature-measuring module, is converted to voltage signal by temperature signal, for measuring the temperature of electron emission system; Supply voltage measurement module, positive voltage adopts electric resistance partial pressure, and negative voltage adopts the form of reverse amplification circuit, the voltage becoming auxiliary AD conversion module to gather all voltage transitions, and the supply voltage for the hardware circuit to electron emission system is measured; Magnetic flux measurement module, by transmitting coil solenoid around multiturn coil, then according to formula
wherein, E is the induced electromotive force in coil, and N is above-mentioned around the coil turn on transmitting coil solenoid,
for variation rate of magnetic flux, size finally by the induced electromotive force E produced in coil extrapolates the size of magnetic flux change, thus judge increase or reduce electric current, avoid magnetic core coil enter magnetic saturation district make script resonance transmitting coil off-resonance state; Multiplexing module, for selecting a road signal to be sent to auxiliary AD conversion module from said temperature, voltage and magnetic flux three in the signal of road, carries out the transmission of data.Auxiliary AD conversion module adopts AD conversion chip, the analog signal that auxiliary parameter measurement module can be exported and carry out sampling and converting data signal to from the pumping signal that DDS signal generator exports, thus be sent to ground system by communication interface and carry out real time data processing and monitoring.
Figure 4 shows that the schematic diagram of the timer module of electron emission system of the present invention.In order to the phase difference transmitted and between Received signal strength can be measured exactly, the clock synchronous of electron emission system and receiving system must be ensured.In embodiments of the present invention, timer module adopts GPS sync identification, after transmitting terminal ground system and receiving terminal ground system receive GPS clock signal, by remote short section and down-hole CPU, sync identification is carried out to transmitting terminal timer module and receiving terminal timer module.Then after transmitting and Received signal strength collection completes at every turn, read the real time of day value of transmitting terminal timer module and receiving terminal timer module respectively, and upload to transmitting terminal ground system and receiving terminal ground system with collection signal respectively by down-hole CPU and remote short section, thus determine to transmit and time difference of Received signal strength, and then calculate and transmit and the phase difference of Received signal strength.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. electromagnetic logging electron emission system between a well, it is characterized in that, comprise: power module, down-hole CPU, timer module, DDS signal generator, power amplifier, impedance matching circuit, auxiliary parameter measurement module and main and auxiliary AD conversion module, wherein:
Described power module, for powering for described down-hole CPU, described timer module, described DDS signal generator, described auxiliary parameter acquisition module and described main and auxiliary AD conversion module;
Described down-hole CPU, for controlling the timing of described timer module, described DDS signal generator generation pumping signal and gathering the described data signal of main and auxiliary AD conversion module output, the time signal of described timer module, and send the signal of collection to ground system through remote short section by communication interface;
Described timer module, for transmitting with Received signal strength after described main AD conversion module converts data signal at every turn, read the real time of day value of down-hole electron emission system and areal receiver-array system respectively simultaneously, and with convert to data signal transmit and Received signal strength upload to described ground system by described down-hole CPU, thus transmit described in determining and time difference of described Received signal strength, and then transmit described in calculating and the phase difference of described Received signal strength;
Described DDS signal generator, for generation of the waveform stimulus signal within the scope of certain frequency;
Described power amplifier, the described waveform stimulus signal for described DDS signal generator being produced produces high energy electromagnetic ripple with stimulated emission coil after carrying out power amplification;
Described impedance matching circuit, transfers to described transmitting coil for the output signal of described power amplifier is carried out peak power;
Described auxiliary parameter measurement module, for measuring in real time the temperature of described electron emission system, magnetic flux and supply voltage in well logging, to judge whether described electron emission system is in normal operating conditions;
Described main AD conversion module, is converted to data signal for the described waveform stimulus signal described DDS signal generator produced, and is sent to described down-hole CPU;
Described auxiliary AD conversion module, is converted to data signal for the analog signal described auxiliary parameter measurement module exported, and is sent to described down-hole CPU.
2. electromagnetic logging signal electron emission system between a kind of well as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described DDS signal generator comprises:
DDS chip, writes data by serial line interface, exports the signal of corresponding frequencies; And
Low pass filter, the aliasing signal in DDS chip signal output described in filtering, obtains the described waveform stimulus signal of required frequency.
3. electromagnetic logging signal electron emission system between a kind of well as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described power amplifier adopts D class full bridge power amplifier, is made up of four modules:
PWM module, carries out PWM for the pumping signal described DDS signal generator exported, and exports PWM modulation signal;
FET driver module, for described PWM modulation signal being converted to the signal of driving force, for full-bridge circuit provides control signal with driving switch device;
Full-bridge circuit module, for producing power signal under the effect of described drive singal, launches high energy electromagnetic ripple to encourage described transmitting coil; And
Low-pass filtering module, for the high frequency carrier contained in the described power signal that full-bridge circuit module described in filtering produces, obtains the described waveform stimulus signal of required frequency.
4. electromagnetic logging signal electron emission system between a kind of well as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described impedance matching circuit adopts the mode of selecting tuning electric capacity to carry out impedance matching.
5. electromagnetic logging signal electron emission system between a kind of well as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described auxiliary parameter measurement module is made up of four modules:
Temperature-measuring module, is converted to voltage signal by temperature signal, for measuring the temperature of described electron emission system;
Supply voltage measurement module, electric resistance partial pressure is adopted to positive voltage, negative voltage adopts the form of reverse amplification circuit, and all voltage transitions are become the voltage that described auxiliary AD conversion module can gather, the supply voltage for the hardware circuit to described electron emission system is measured;
Magnetic flux detection module, by on the solenoid of described transmitting coil around multiturn coil, the size of magnetic flux change is extrapolated, for measuring the size of the magnetic flux change of described electron emission system, to avoid described transmitting coil off-resonance state according to the induced electromotive force produced in coil; And
Multiplexing module, for selecting a road signal to be sent to described auxiliary AD conversion module from described temperature signal, described supply voltage and described magnetic flux three road signal.
6. electromagnetic logging signal electron emission system between a kind of well as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described main AD conversion module and described auxiliary AD conversion module all adopt AD conversion chip, the described analog signal sampling that the described waveform stimulus signal described DDS signal generator produced respectively and described auxiliary parameter measurement module export also converts data signal to, is sent to described ground system carries out real time data processing and monitoring by described communication interface.
7. electromagnetic logging signal electron emission system between a kind of well as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described timer module adopts GPS sync identification, after transmitting terminal ground system and receiving terminal ground system receive GPS clock signal, sync identification is carried out to down-hole transmitting terminal timer module and receiving terminal timer module, then after transmitting and Received signal strength collection completes at every turn, read the real time of day value of described transmitting terminal timer module and described receiving terminal timer module respectively, and upload to described transmitting terminal ground system and described receiving terminal ground system with collection signal respectively by described down-hole CPU and described remote short section.
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| CN105626059A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-06-01 | 天津大学 | System and method for carrying out well logging by utilizing transient electromagnetic simulation signal |
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| CN106499389A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 华中科技大学 | Electromagnetic tool send-receive clock synchronization system and method between a kind of well |
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