CN102817619B - Combined advanced drilling exploration method for detecting water-free dissolving cavity and water dissolving cavity in tunnel - Google Patents
Combined advanced drilling exploration method for detecting water-free dissolving cavity and water dissolving cavity in tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN102817619B CN102817619B CN201210322548.9A CN201210322548A CN102817619B CN 102817619 B CN102817619 B CN 102817619B CN 201210322548 A CN201210322548 A CN 201210322548A CN 102817619 B CN102817619 B CN 102817619B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined advanced drilling exploration method for detecting a water-free dissolving cavity and a water dissolving cavity in a tunnel. The method comprises the following steps of: comprehensively analyzing and judging a karst growth condition and a probable geologic risk in front of the tunnel according to geologic exploration result information, and performing advanced forecast grading on construction geology; performing primary advanced drilling and exploration in a tunnel digging direction of a tunnel face to form a hole A, then performing primary drilling and brazing exploration in the tunnel digging direction, steadily and forwards digging, and cyclically pushing a drilling and brazing exploration hole until the drilling and brazing exploration hole reaches a reserved safe rock disk away from the dissolving cavity; performing drilling exploration to form a hole B in the tunnel digging direction of the tunnel face at the reserved safe rock disk; and comprehensively analyzing, and submitting advanced geologic forecast result information. The method is simple, practical and quick; the test result is reliable; safety prewarning is supplied to great geologic risks such as water burst, sludge burst and deformation collapse; longitudinal section diagrams, cross section diagrams and planar diagrams of ahead dissolving cavities are supplied to tunnel design and construction treatment; and scientific basis is supplied to optimization of the lining section style of the tunnel and supporting and protecting parameters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tunnel and underground engineering field, particularly relate to a kind of anhydrous combination Advance Drilling method with there being water-soluble chamber of detection in tunnel.
Background technology
When constructing tunnel meets with karst cavity, exist extensive gushing water, prominent mud and the contour geologic risk of distortion landslide occur, it is the key factor of tunnel construction engineering construction success or failure that various karst cavitys in tunnel are carried out to forward probe accurately.
Molten chamber can be divided into and have He Ganrong chamber, water-soluble chamber by the different degrees of risk of constructing tunnel.Wherein there is water-soluble chamber can be divided into again rich water-soluble chamber and seasonality has water-soluble chamber.Rich water-soluble chamber refers to molten chamber no matter be to have water in dry season or rainy season always, while being rainy season, the water yield is larger, its risk mainly existing is gushing water, prominent mud, projection stone, as " 978 molten chamber ", " the 617 molten chamber " of Yunwu Mountain Tunnel etc. of suitable ten thousand railway Maluqing tunnels; It is substantially anhydrous in molten chamber when seasonality has water-soluble chamber to refer to dry season, in rainy season or the rear molten chamber of raining, the water yield is larger, molten chamber charges when its principal risk is dry season and periphery unstability, rainy season or the rear molten chamber gushing water that rains, prominent mud, as suitable tunnel, red watt of room of ten thousand railways " 370 molten chamber ", tunnel, Gaoyang stockaded village " 585 molten chamber " etc.; Dry molten chamber refers to that in molten chamber, all there is no obvious underflow, its main risk is the unstability of molten chamber charges and periphery, as 2# tunnel, Lu Zhu dam " 610 molten chamber ", 794Rong chamber, tunnel, imperial unicorn palace etc. no matter be dry season or rainy season.
Due to particularity and the complexity of Karst Geological Landscape problem, it is an international technical barrier that forward probe is accurately carried out in various molten chambeies in tunnel.The Chinese invention patent that publication number is CN101586470A at present discloses the molten chamber advance borehole of a kind of high-pressure water-enriched filling method, publication number is the processing method that the Chinese invention patent of CN101672197A discloses a kind of high-pressure water-enriched filling karst cavity, these two patents are all boring and the processing methods for the water-soluble chamber of richness, in Karst Tunnel construction, there is certain limitation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for above-mentioned defect, a kind of anhydrous combination Advance Drilling method with there being water-soluble chamber of detection in tunnel is provided, provide safe early warning for evading the great geologic risks such as gushing water, prominent mud and distortion landslide, provide scientific basis for optimizing tunnel lining sectional form and supporting parameter.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides in a kind of tunnel and survey the combination Advance Drilling method without water-soluble chamber, comprise the steps:
1), first according to geological exploration achievement data, the karst developmental state in front, comprehensive analysis and judgement tunnel and the geologic risk that may exist, carry out the classification of construction geology advanced prediction;
2) carry out Advance Drilling hole A at face towards intending tunneling direction, in the A process of probing hole, reach complete basement rock 3 ~ 5m after drill bit drills molten chamber time, stop probing, or stop probing in the time that bit drills does not still drill molten chamber on earth; Described complete basement rock refers to when structural plane is grown 1 group, and average headway is greater than 1m or structural plane while growing 2 groups, and average headway is greater than the basement rock of 2m, needs that structural plane combination degree is good, structure types is overall shape or huge thick layer structure simultaneously;
3) bore pricker inspecting hole along face towards intending tunneling direction, then tunneling forward under the protection of the safe laccolite of pricker inspecting hole, pricker inspecting hole and tunneling loop, until pricker inspecting hole near detect molten cavity edge time stop tunnel piercing, the now safe laccolite thickness 3 ~ 5m between reserved pricker inspecting hole and molten cavity edge;
4) drill hole B and drill molten chamber towards intending tunneling direction at reserved safe laccolite place face;
5) continue to bore pricker inspecting hole towards intending tunneling direction at reserved safe laccolite place face, until disclose molten chamber;
6), if empty molten chamber is excessive, if there is probing hole B cannot drill the position in molten chamber in step 4), adopts and in step 5), bore pricker inspecting hole, and under the prerequisite of safety measure, disclose molten chamber;
7) after comprehensive analysis, submit advance geologic prediction achievement data to.
Preferably, described step 2) in, inspecting hole A length is 30 ~ 100m, and the number of inspecting hole A is one, and inspecting hole A is positioned at the central authorities of face, and inspecting hole A probing angle is 0～30 °.
Preferably, in described step 4), the length of inspecting hole B is 15 ~ 30m, and inspecting hole B is three, and the first inspecting hole B is positioned on the axis of face, and other inspecting holes B is positioned at face axis bilateral symmetry and distributes, and three inspecting hole B probing angles are 0 ~ 35 °.
Preferably, in described step 3), step 5) and step 6), pricker inspecting hole is 5, the first pricker inspecting hole is positioned at the top, axis of face, it is symmetrical that other pricker inspecting holes are positioned at Bing Yan axis, face edge, and pricker inspecting hole length is 4～7m, and the angle of pricker inspecting hole is 0 ~ 45 °.
In a kind of tunnel provided by the invention, survey the combination Advance Drilling method that has water-soluble chamber, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
1) first according to the karst developmental state in front, geological exploration achievement data comprehensive analysis and judgement tunnel and the geologic risk that may exist, carry out the classification of construction geology advanced prediction;
2) carry out boring water outlet relevant preparation, the water logging tunnel that prevents from holing, installs orifice tube;
3) carry out Advance Drilling hole A at face towards intending tunneling direction, while being drilled into the water outlet of molten chamber, stop probing;
4), to inspecting hole A installation high-voltage water check valve and pressure meter, after the variation in water pressure situation in monitoring boring, carry out sealing of hole processing;
5) bore pricker inspecting hole along face towards intending tunneling direction, then tunneling forward under the protection of the safe laccolite of pricker inspecting hole, pricker inspecting hole and tunneling loop, until pricker inspecting hole near detect molten cavity edge time stop tunnel piercing, the now safe laccolite thickness 3 ~ 5m between reserved pricker inspecting hole and molten cavity edge;
6) orifice tube is installed, towards intending tunneling direction probing hole B, in the B process of probing hole, reach complete basement rock 3 ~ 5m after drill bit drills molten chamber time, is stopped probing at reserved safe laccolite place face;
7) to inspecting hole B installation high-voltage water check valve and pressure meter, the variation in water pressure situation in monitoring boring;
8) continue to bore pricker inspecting hole towards intending tunneling direction at reserved safe laccolite place face, until drill molten chamber, carry out in time sealing of hole processing;
9) inspecting hole B is carried out to outflow test, the quiet reserves of comprehensive Analysis deterrmination karst water and dynamically increment;
10) after comprehensive analysis, submit advance geologic prediction achievement data to.
Preferably, in described step 3), karst is grown location, and the hole count of inspecting hole A is three; Karst section, inspecting hole A is five.The length of inspecting hole A is 30 ~ 100m; Inspecting hole A probing angle is 0 ~ 30 °; The first inspecting hole A is positioned on the axis of face, and other inspecting holes A is positioned at distributing along axis bilateral symmetry of face.
Preferably, in described step 6), seasonality has water-soluble chamber, and inspecting hole B is six; Rich water-soluble chamber, inspecting hole B is 9.The length of inspecting hole B is 15 ~ 30m, and inspecting hole B probing angle is 0 ~ 35 °, and three inspecting hole B are positioned on the axis of face, and other inspecting holes B is positioned at distributing along axis bilateral symmetry of face.
Preferably, in described step 5) and step 8), seasonality has water-soluble chamber, and pricker inspecting hole is 11; Rich water-soluble chamber, the hole count of pricker inspecting hole is respectively 17.Length 4～the 7m of pricker inspecting hole, is uniformly distributed at whole face, and the angle of pricker inspecting hole is 0 ~ 45 °.
Usefulness of the present invention:
The inventive method is simple, practical, quick, can verify timely and accurately morphological feature, charges feature and the hydrogeological characteristics in all types of molten chambeies in tunnel, provide safe early warning for evading the great geologic risks such as gushing water, prominent mud and distortion landslide, provide scientific basis for optimizing tunnel lining sectional form and supporting parameter.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the probing detailed drawing of dry molten chamber inspecting hole A and pricker inspecting hole;
Fig. 2 is the probing detailed drawing of dry molten chamber inspecting hole B and pricker inspecting hole;
Fig. 3 is that karst is grown location and had the probing detailed drawing of inspecting hole A and the pricker inspecting hole in water-soluble chamber;
Fig. 4 is the probing detailed drawing that seasonality has inspecting hole B and the pricker inspecting hole in water-soluble chamber;
Fig. 5 is the probing detailed drawing that karst section has inspecting hole A and the pricker inspecting hole in water-soluble chamber;
Fig. 6 is the probing detailed drawing of inspecting hole B and the pricker inspecting hole in rich water-soluble chamber.
Detailed description of the invention
Anhydrous and have the combination Advance Drilling method in water-soluble chamber to be described in further detail to this detection below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
In conjunction with Fig. 1,2 and table 1,2,3 survey the combination drilling method of general Karst area, the method comprises the steps:
1), first according to geological exploration achievement data, the karst developmental state in front, comprehensive analysis and judgement tunnel and the geologic risk that may exist, carry out the classification of construction geology advanced prediction;
2) carry out Advance Drilling hole A at face towards intending tunneling direction, in the A process of probing hole, reach complete basement rock 5m after drill bit drills molten chamber time, stop probing, or stop probing in the time that bit drills does not still drill molten chamber on earth;
3) bore 5 pricker inspecting holes along face towards intending tunneling direction, then tunneling forward under the protection of the safe laccolite of pricker inspecting hole, pricker inspecting hole and tunneling loop, until pricker inspecting hole near detect molten cavity edge time stop tunnel piercing, the now safe laccolite thickness 3m between reserved pricker inspecting hole and molten cavity edge;
4) bore 3 inspecting hole B and drill molten chamber towards intending tunneling direction at reserved safe laccolite place face, determining morphological feature and the Filling Characteristics in molten chamber within the scope of tunnel perimeter 5m;
5) continue to bore 5 pricker inspecting holes towards intending tunneling direction at reserved safe laccolite place face, until disclose molten chamber;
6), if empty molten chamber is excessive, if there is probing hole B cannot drill the position in molten chamber in step 4), adopts and in step 5), bore 5 pricker inspecting holes, and under the prerequisite of safety measure, disclose molten chamber;
7) after comprehensive analysis, submit advance geologic prediction achievement data to.
Embodiment 2
In conjunction with Fig. 3,4 and table 1,2,3 Detection of Karsts grow the combination drilling method in location, the method comprises the steps:
1) carry out boring water outlet relevant preparation, the water logging tunnel that prevents from holing, installs orifice tube;
2) carry out boring 3 inspecting hole A in advance towards intending tunneling direction at face, while being drilled into the water outlet of molten chamber, stop probing;
3), to inspecting hole A installation high-voltage water check valve and pressure meter, after the variation in water pressure situation in monitoring boring, carry out sealing of hole processing;
4) bore 11 pricker inspecting holes along face towards intending tunneling direction, then tunneling forward under the protection of the safe laccolite of pricker inspecting hole, pricker inspecting hole and tunneling loop, until pricker inspecting hole near detect molten cavity edge time stop tunnel piercing, the now safe laccolite thickness 4m between reserved pricker inspecting hole and molten cavity edge;
5) orifice tube is installed, bore 6 inspecting hole B at reserved safe laccolite place face towards intending tunneling direction, in the B process of probing hole, reach complete basement rock 4m after drill bit drills molten chamber time, stop probing, determine morphological feature and the Filling Characteristics in molten chamber within the scope of tunnel perimeter 6m;
6) to inspecting hole B installation high-voltage water check valve and pressure meter, the variation in water pressure situation in monitoring boring;
7) continue to bore pricker inspecting hole towards intending tunneling direction at reserved safe laccolite place face, until drill molten chamber, carry out in time sealing of hole processing;
8) inspecting hole B is carried out to outflow test, the quiet reserves of comprehensive Analysis deterrmination karst water and dynamically increment;
9) after comprehensive analysis, submit advance geologic prediction achievement data to.
Wherein, select to open molten chamber without the rainy day, need to carry out drainage channel dredging work simultaneously, be accompanied by other hole internal drainage measures, in order to avoid water logging tunnel causes unnecessary loss.
Embodiment 3
In conjunction with Fig. 5,6 and table 1,2,3 Detection of Karsts grow the combination drilling method in moisture molten chambeies, location, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
1) carry out boring water outlet relevant preparation, the water logging tunnel that prevents from holing, installs orifice tube;
2) carry out boring 5 inspecting hole A in advance towards intending tunneling direction at face, while being drilled into the water outlet of molten chamber, stop probing;
3), to inspecting hole A installation high-voltage water check valve and pressure meter, after the variation in water pressure situation in monitoring boring, carry out sealing of hole processing;
4) bore 17 pricker inspecting holes along face towards intending tunneling direction, then tunneling forward under the protection of the safe laccolite of pricker inspecting hole, pricker inspecting hole and tunneling loop, until pricker inspecting hole near detect molten cavity edge time stop tunnel piercing, the now safe laccolite thickness 5m between reserved pricker inspecting hole and molten cavity edge;
5) orifice tube is installed, bore 9 inspecting hole B at reserved safe laccolite place face towards intending tunneling direction, in the B process of probing hole, reach complete basement rock 3m after drill bit drills molten chamber time, stop probing, determine morphological feature and the Filling Characteristics in molten chamber within the scope of tunnel perimeter 8m;
6) to inspecting hole B installation high-voltage water check valve and pressure meter, the variation in water pressure situation in monitoring boring;
7) continue to bore pricker inspecting hole until drill molten chamber towards intending tunneling direction at reserved safe laccolite place face, carry out in time sealing of hole processing;
8) inspecting hole B is carried out to outflow test, the quiet reserves of comprehensive Analysis deterrmination karst water and dynamically increment;
9) after comprehensive analysis, submit advance geologic prediction achievement data to.
Wherein, choose 1 ~ 2 Dui Rong chamber, hole section charges and get core, can according to actual needs, increase by 1～2 hole at particular location simultaneously.According to drilling and getting core result, can be design molten chamber, front aspect graph and relevant design parameter is accurately provided.Carry out a period of time outflow test by boring, observe the variation of molten chamber hydraulic pressure, water yield, if hydraulic pressure is little, water yield is hour in hole, can adopt the pricker inspecting hole of the 17 long 5m in hole progressively to excavate forward, directly open molten chamber, need to set up amount of precipitation observation system outside the inside and outside drainage system in hole, water yield observation system and hole simultaneously.
Embodiment 4
In conjunction with Fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment is also the combination drilling method of surveying general Karst area, and the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 2, and the present embodiment difference from Example 1 is in table 4,5,6.
Embodiment 5
In conjunction with Fig. 3 and 4, the present embodiment is also the combination drilling method that Detection of Karst is grown location, and the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 2, and the present embodiment difference from Example 2 is in table 4,5,6.
Embodiment 6
In conjunction with Fig. 5 and 6, the present embodiment is also the combination drilling method that Detection of Karst is grown moisture molten chamber, location, and the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 2, and the present embodiment difference from Example 2 is in table 4,5,6.
Although above-described embodiment has been made detailed description to the present invention; but it is only the present invention's part embodiment; instead of whole embodiment, people can also obtain other embodiment according to the present embodiment under without creative prerequisite, and these embodiment belong to protection domain of the present invention.
Table 1 inspecting hole A key element list
Note: in accompanying drawing, taking face axis as X-axis, the base of face is that Y-axis is set up coordinate system, and their intersection point is initial point.In this table and following table, bore angle is any direction.
Table 2 pricker inspecting hole key element list
Note: in accompanying drawing, taking face axis as X-axis, the base of face is that Y-axis is set up coordinate system, and their intersection point is initial point.
Table 3 inspecting hole B key element list
Note: in accompanying drawing, taking face axis as X-axis, the base of face is that Y-axis is set up coordinate system, and their intersection point is initial point.In this table and following table, bore angle is any direction, as inspecting hole B
The boring of numbering 31 meets the elevation angle 25 and 20 two, left avertence angle condition simultaneously.
Table 4 inspecting hole A key element list
Note: in accompanying drawing, taking face axis as X-axis, the base of face is that Y-axis is set up coordinate system, and their intersection point is initial point.
Table 5 pricker inspecting hole key element list
Note: in accompanying drawing, taking face axis as X-axis, the base of face is that Y-axis is set up coordinate system, and their intersection point is initial point.
Table 6 inspecting hole B key element list
Note: in accompanying drawing, taking face axis as X-axis, the base of face is that Y-axis is set up coordinate system, and their intersection point is initial point.
Claims (7)
1. in tunnel, survey the combination Advance Drilling method without water-soluble chamber, comprise the steps:
1), first according to geological exploration achievement data, the karst developmental state in front, comprehensive analysis and judgement tunnel and the geologic risk that may exist, carry out the classification of construction geology advanced prediction;
2) carry out Advance Drilling hole A at face towards intending tunneling direction, in the A process of probing hole, reach complete basement rock 3～5m after drill bit drills molten chamber time, stop probing, or stop probing in the time that bit drills does not still drill molten chamber on earth;
3) bore pricker inspecting hole along face towards intending tunneling direction, then tunneling forward under the protection of the safe laccolite of pricker inspecting hole, pricker inspecting hole and tunneling loop, until pricker inspecting hole near detect molten cavity edge time stop tunnel piercing, the now safe laccolite thickness 3～5m between reserved pricker inspecting hole and molten cavity edge;
4) drill hole B and drill molten chamber towards intending tunneling direction at reserved safe laccolite place face;
5) continue to bore pricker inspecting hole towards intending tunneling direction at reserved safe laccolite place face, until disclose molten chamber;
6) if empty molten chamber is excessive, in step 4) if in have probing hole B cannot drill the position in molten chamber, adopt step 5) in bore pricker inspecting hole, and under the prerequisite of safety measure, disclose molten chamber;
7) after comprehensive analysis, submit advance geologic prediction achievement data to.
2. in tunnel according to claim 1, survey the combination Advance Drilling method without water-soluble chamber, it is characterized in that described step 2) in, inspecting hole A length is 30～100m, the number of inspecting hole A is one, and inspecting hole A is positioned at the central authorities of face, and inspecting hole A probing angle is 0～30 °.
3. in tunnel according to claim 1, survey the combination Advance Drilling method without water-soluble chamber, it is characterized in that, described step 4) in, the length of inspecting hole B is 15～30m, inspecting hole B is three, the first inspecting hole B is positioned on the axis of face, and other inspecting holes B is positioned at face axis bilateral symmetry and distributes, and three inspecting hole B probing angles are 0～35 °.
4. in tunnel according to claim 1, survey the combination Advance Drilling method without water-soluble chamber, it is characterized in that, described step 3), step 5) and step 6) in, pricker inspecting hole is 5, the first pricker inspecting hole is positioned at the top, axis of face, it is symmetrical that other pricker inspecting holes are positioned at Bing Yan axis, face edge, and pricker inspecting hole length is 4～7m, and the angle of pricker inspecting hole is 0～45 °.
5. in tunnel, survey a combination Advance Drilling method that has water-soluble chamber, comprise the steps:
1) first according to the karst developmental state in front, geological exploration achievement data comprehensive analysis and judgement tunnel and the geologic risk that may exist, carry out the classification of construction geology advanced prediction;
2) carry out boring water outlet relevant preparation, the water logging tunnel that prevents from holing, installs orifice tube;
3) carry out Advance Drilling hole A at face towards intending tunneling direction, while being drilled into the water outlet of molten chamber, stop probing;
4), to inspecting hole A installation high-voltage water check valve and pressure meter, after the variation in water pressure situation in monitoring boring, carry out sealing of hole processing;
5) bore pricker inspecting hole along face towards intending tunneling direction, then tunneling forward under the protection of the safe laccolite of pricker inspecting hole, pricker inspecting hole and tunneling loop, until pricker inspecting hole near detect molten cavity edge time stop tunnel piercing, the now safe laccolite thickness 3～5m between reserved pricker inspecting hole and molten cavity edge;
6) orifice tube is installed, towards intending tunneling direction probing hole B, in the B process of probing hole, reach complete basement rock 3～5m after drill bit drills molten chamber time, is stopped probing at reserved safe laccolite place face; Wherein, seasonality has water-soluble chamber, and inspecting hole B is six; Rich water-soluble chamber, inspecting hole B is 9, and the length of inspecting hole B is 15～30m, and inspecting hole B probing angle is 0～35 °, and three inspecting hole B are positioned on the axis of face, and other inspecting holes B is positioned at distributing along axis bilateral symmetry of face;
7) to inspecting hole B installation high-voltage water check valve and pressure meter, the variation in water pressure situation in monitoring boring;
8) continue to bore pricker inspecting hole towards intending tunneling direction at reserved safe laccolite place face, until drill molten chamber, carry out in time sealing of hole processing;
9) inspecting hole B is carried out to outflow test, the quiet reserves of comprehensive Analysis deterrmination karst water and dynamically increment;
10) after comprehensive analysis, submit advance geologic prediction achievement data to.
6. in tunnel according to claim 5, survey the combination Advance Drilling method that has water-soluble chamber, it is characterized in that described step 3) in, karst is grown location, and the hole count of inspecting hole A is three; Karst section, inspecting hole A is five, the length of inspecting hole A is 30～100m; Inspecting hole A probing angle is 0～30 °; The first inspecting hole A is positioned on the axis of face, and other inspecting holes A is positioned at distributing along axis bilateral symmetry of face.
7. in tunnel according to claim 5, survey the combination Advance Drilling method that has water-soluble chamber, it is characterized in that described step 5) and step 8) in, seasonality has water-soluble chamber, and pricker inspecting hole is 11; Rich water-soluble chamber, the hole count of pricker inspecting hole is respectively 17, and the length 4～7m of pricker inspecting hole, is uniformly distributed at whole face, and the angle of pricker inspecting hole is 0～45 °.
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