CN102735047A - Method and equipment for depleting furnace slag of electric melting furnace of side-blowing melting pool - Google Patents

Method and equipment for depleting furnace slag of electric melting furnace of side-blowing melting pool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102735047A
CN102735047A CN2012102508531A CN201210250853A CN102735047A CN 102735047 A CN102735047 A CN 102735047A CN 2012102508531 A CN2012102508531 A CN 2012102508531A CN 201210250853 A CN201210250853 A CN 201210250853A CN 102735047 A CN102735047 A CN 102735047A
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slag
furnace
blowing
melting furnace
electric melting
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CN2012102508531A
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沈强华
陈雯
刘中华
熊伟
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LIGONG JINGCHENG SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd KUNMING
Kunming University of Science and Technology
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LIGONG JINGCHENG SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd KUNMING
Kunming University of Science and Technology
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    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method and equipment for depleting the furnace slag of an electric melting furnace of a side-blowing melting pool. The method comprises the following steps of: putting molten slag produced in the nickel melting process or blown slag produced in the process of blowing low-nickel sulfonium into high-nickel sulfonium into a reduction zone of the electric melting furnace of the side-blowing melting pool, controlling the temperature of the furnace to be in a range of 1300 DEG C-1400 DEG C, and injecting a reducing agent into an inclined inserting port of a spraying gun of the electric furnace. By adopting the method in the invention, slag-type optimization of the furnace slag containing nickel, transformation from nickel chemically dissolving in the slag into sulfonium I and separation of the slag and the sulfonium are finished in the electric melting furnace of the side-blowing melting pool. The invention has the advantages that reducing and slag making reaction of magnetic iron oxide, sulfonium making reaction and slag-sulfonium settlement and separation are finished at different zones in one side-blowing electric furnace; the nickel content in the waste slag is low; and the foaming of the furnace slag is avoided and the operation process is smooth and safe.

Description

A kind of method and apparatus of side-blowing bath electric melting furnace dilution slag
Technical field
The present invention provides a kind of method and apparatus of side-blowing bath electric melting furnace dilution slag, belongs to the non-ferrous metallurgy technology field.
Background technology
The chemical nature that with the nickel sulfide ore is raw material melting output sulfonium is the desulfurization deironing, the slag that obtains compiling with oxide and with the nickel matte of sulfide fusion, because slag is immiscible with sulfonium and density variation can be separated greatly in layering.Traditional method of smelting is little because of rate of driving, and the oxygen gesture of system is lower, FeS in the concentrate and O 2Reaction generate FeO just can with the flux slag making, FeO continues to be oxidized to Fe 3O 4Phenomenon outstanding.And the development trend of modern matte smelting is the oxygen enrichment intensified smelting, and the output high-grade matte because system oxygen gesture is high, the sulphur gesture is low, causes Fe in the smelting slag 3O 4Content high.Because Fe 3O 4Fusing point (1597 ℃) high, than great, in slag, exist with Fe-O complicated ions state, when its amount more for a long time, slag melting is raise, proportion increases, and has worsened the sedimentation separation of slag and sulfonium, and Fe 3O 4Also can be with the Ni in the slag 3S 2Be oxidized to NiO, increased the chemolysis of nickel in slag, cause the nickeliferous height of waste, moreover, when melt temperature descends, Fe 3O 4Can separate out and be sunken to furnace bottom formation furnace accretion, harm normal running.
Traditional slag electric dilution technology is to send slag to electric furnace, introduces electric current by the electrode that inserts slag blanket and produces slag resistance heat, maintenance process temperature.Reducing agent and vulcanizing agent are put in the melt between the electrode from furnace roof, carried out magnetic oxide (Fe 3O 4) reduction slag making reaction and make the sulfonium reaction, the clarification that also will carry out the slag sulfonium simultaneously separates.This technology causes magnetic oxide in the sedimentation electric furnace, to form furnace accretion easily; In order to improve the formation of furnace temperature minimizing furnace accretion, the power of sedimentation electric furnace electrode input is high, the side effect that can produce the electric power agitation molten pool; Zone between each electrode adds reducing agent, vulcanizing agent carries out various reactions, and the sedimentation separation condition of slag sulfonium is destroyed.Because there are these shortcomings in traditional slag electric dilution technology,, reduce the nickeliferous index of waste and do not reach requirement although increased power consumption, increased reducing agent consumption.Therefore, newly-built pyrogenic process nickel refiner and copper smelting by pyrometallurgy factory tend to the method that slag depletion adopts the slow cooling flotation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art, a kind of method and apparatus of side-blowing bath electric melting furnace dilution slag is provided.
Method of the present invention is to become the blowing slag of high nickel matte output to drop into side-blowing bath electric melting furnace reducing zone the smelting slag of institute's output in the nickel fusion process or low nickel matte converting, and the control furnace temperature is at 1300 ℃~1400 ℃, at coal base reduction agent and flux SiO 2Effect down main following reaction takes place:
2Fe 3O 4?+?3SiO 2?+?C=3(2?FeO·SiO 2)+CO 2
2Fe 3O 4?+?3SiO 2?+2CO=3(2?FeO·SiO 2)+2CO 2
CO 2+C=2CO
3NiO+2S 2-=Ni 3S 2+3O 2-
Cu 2O+S 2-=Cu 2S+O 2-
Because the great Fe of fusing point height ratio in the slag has been eliminated in the existence of above-mentioned reaction 3O 4, the viscosity of slag, fusing point are reduced, be beneficial to the slag sulfonium and separate, the phase transition of ambrose alloy is the Ni immiscible with slag 3S 2And Cu 2S, the slag inflow electric furnace sedimentation separation district that adjusts through the slag type carries out the separation of slag sulfonium, can obtain nickeliferous 0.25% the waste that is lower than.
Main equipment of the present invention is the side-blowing bath electric melting furnace, this electric furnace by grate, place the body of heater on the grate and form from the spray gun that the body of heater side wall inserts.Wherein: thermometer hole, charging aperture, flue, electrode hole, spy cinder notch are arranged at the top of body of heater, and the side wall of body of heater has spray gun oblique cutting mouth, puts the sulfonium mouth, and slag tap and discharging hole are arranged on the headwall of body of heater.
Spray gun quantity of the present invention can be confirmed according to actual needs.The spray gun oblique cutting mouth of side wall and horizontal angle are 18~27 °
Slag depletion:
Smelting slag or blowing slag are put into the electric furnace reduction district from charging aperture 7, and the spray gun 12 that is provided with from side wall sprays into melt with the agent of sulfur-bearing coal base reduction and air, and the magnetic oxide in the slag is reduced slag making react, simultaneously, with NiO, Cu in the slag 2The O phase transition is Ni 3S 2And Cu 2S.The ratio of adjustment reducing agent and air lets the partial reduction agent carry out the combustion reaction release heat, and the control melt temperature is at 1300 ℃~1400 ℃.The adjusted melt of slag type flows to the heavy clear district of electric furnace, under electrode insulation, carries out the layering of slag sulfonium and separates, and low nickel matte is regularly discharged from putting sulfonium mouth 10, and the sedimentation slag is discharged from slag tap 1.The flue gas that produces in the dilution process is discharged from flue 4.
The reducing agent that is sprayed into can be the coal base reduction agent, perhaps is coal gas, natural gas.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) reducing zone in the electric furnace and decanting zone UNICOM together, but separate again on the function.Because slag viscosity is big, in reduction process, has gas to emit, the phenomenon of will inevitably bubbling, the foamed slag that the reducing zone produces is accepted by the decanting zone of big volume, though the liquid level of reducing zone will rise, pernicious spray stove accident can not occur, job safety.
(2) Fe 3O 4Reduction slag making reaction only need under weakly reducing atmosphere, just can carry out.Side-blowing bath electric melting furnace of the present invention provides good kinetics of reduction condition easily, and the slag type is regulated the speed soon, can satisfy the discharging system of last process.
(3) slag has reduced the great Fe of fusing point height ratio in the slag significantly through the molten bath reduction 3O 4, avoid magnetic oxide in electric furnace, to form furnace accretion; After magnetic oxide reduced, the fusing point of slag, viscosity reduced, and the power of electric furnace electrode input need not put forward furnace temperature, only needs insulation, can reduce the side effect of electric power agitation molten pool; The slag type adjustment of slag is accomplished in entering decanting zone (being electrode district) before, and unnecessary zone between each electrode adds reducing agent, vulcanizing agent carries out various reactions, for good condition has been created in the sedimentation separation of slag sulfonium.The electric furnace waste is nickeliferous to be dropped to below 0.25%.
(4) carry out the reduction of magnetic oxide in the electric furnace reduction district, can be through adjustment reducing agent and the ratio of carrying air, the control section reducing agent carries out combustion reaction, replenishes the heat that reduction process consumes, and need not to be provided with the insulation burner again, and system configuration is simplified.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a side-blowing bath electric melting furnace front view sectional structure sketch map of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional structure sketch map of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the B-B sectional structure sketch map of Fig. 1.
Among the figure, 1-slag tap grate, 2-visits cinder notch, the 3-electrode hole, the 4-flue, the 5-spray gun inserts mouth, the 6-thermometer hole, the 7-charging aperture, the 8-body of heater, 9-grate, 10-are put the sulfonium mouth, 11-discharging hole, 12-spray gun, 13-molten bath reduced zone.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
(1) equipment of the present invention side-blown bath smelting electric furnace is shown in Fig. 1-4, by grate 9, place the body of heater 8 on the grate 9 and form from the spray gun 12 that the body of heater side wall inserts; There are thermometer hole 6, charging aperture 7, flue 4, electrode hole 3 in the top of body of heater, visit cinder notch 2, and the side wall of body of heater has spray gun oblique cutting mouth 5, puts sulfonium mouth 10, and slag tap 1 and discharging hole 11 are arranged on the headwall of body of heater.Spray gun oblique cutting mouth 5 and spray gun 12 quantity can be confirmed according to actual needs.The spray gun oblique cutting mouth of side wall and horizontal angle are 18~27 ° (can be 18 °, 20 °, 22 °, 25 °, 27 ° etc.).
Oxygen-enriched top blowing nickel smelting system is per hour sent into 84 tons of smelting slags and (is contained Fe 3O 4Be 7.5%, to contain Ni be 0.9%) to the side-blowing bath electric melting furnace, electric stove hearth is of a size of 5.5 * 22 meters of Φ, 6 electrodes, the reducing zone both walls is respectively established a spray gun.Its inner lining refractory block of electric furnace is difficult for dropping, convenient building; The burner hearth physical dimension helps uniform distribution of temperature field.Furnace power maintains per hour 8500 kilowatt hours; Keep furnace temperature at 1330 ℃~1380 ℃; With spray gun coal base reduction agent (fixed carbon 68%, fugitive constituent 18%, sulphur 5.5%, granularity are less than 5mm) is sprayed in the molten bath in electric furnace reduction district from spray gun oblique cutting mouth; The injection rate of reducing agent is controlled to be 25kg/min rifle, and carrying the air supply of reducing agent is 500Nm 3/ h rifle, slag is discharged with the mode of continuous discharging slag from the electric furnace slag tap after dilution, and waste contains Ni 0.18%, magnetic oxide 3.36% through detection.
Embodiment 2:
The structure of side-blowing bath electric melting furnace is identical with embodiment 1.
Low nickel matte converting becomes the blowing slag of high nickel matte process output (to contain Fe 3O 4Be 8.2%, to contain Ni be 1.6%), send into the side-blowing bath electric melting furnace and carry out dilution and handle, per hour drop into 21 tons of blowing slags.Electric stove hearth is of a size of 4 * 13.5 meters of Φ, 3 electrodes, and the reducing zone both walls is respectively established a spray gun.Furnace power maintains per hour 4600 kilowatt hours; Keep furnace temperature at 1240 ℃~1300 ℃; With spray gun coal base reduction agent (fixed carbon 76%, fugitive constituent 10%, sulphur 3.8%, granularity are less than 5mm) is sprayed in the molten bath in electric furnace reduction district from spray gun oblique cutting mouth; The injection rate of reducing agent is controlled to be 9kg/min rifle, and carrying the air supply of reducing agent is 180Nm 3/ h rifle.Slag is interrupted from the electric furnace slag tap after dilution emits, the 40 minutes deslagginves in every interval 20 minutes, and waste contains Ni 0.08%, magnetic oxide 1.82% through detection.

Claims (9)

1. side-blowing bath electric melting furnace, it is characterized in that this electric furnace by grate, place the body of heater on the grate and form from the spray gun that the body of heater side wall inserts; Thermometer hole, charging aperture, flue, electrode hole, spy cinder notch are arranged at the top of body of heater, and the side wall of body of heater has spray gun oblique cutting mouth, puts the sulfonium mouth, and slag tap and discharging hole are arranged on the headwall of body of heater.
2. side-blowing bath electric melting furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that the spray gun oblique cutting mouth and the horizontal angle of the side wall of body of heater is 18~27 °.
3. side-blowing bath electric melting furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that electric stove hearth is of a size of 5.5 * 22 meters of Φ, 6 electrodes.
4. side-blowing bath electric melting furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that electric stove hearth is of a size of 4 * 13.5 meters of Φ, 3 electrodes.
5. method with the described side-blowing bath electric melting furnace of claim 1 dilution slag; It is characterized in that becoming the blowing slag of high nickel matte output to drop into side-blowing bath electric melting furnace reducing zone the smelting slag or the low nickel matte converting of institute's output in the nickel fusion process; The control furnace temperature sprays into reducing agent at 1300 ℃~1400 ℃ from the spray gun oblique cutting mouth of electric furnace.
6. the method for side-blowing bath electric melting furnace dilution slag according to claim 5 is characterized in that reducing agent is coal base reduction agent or the natural gas or the water-gas of sulfur-bearing 1.5%~8%.
7. the method for side-blowing bath electric melting furnace dilution slag according to claim 5 is characterized in that the coal base reduction agent: fixed carbon 68%, fugitive constituent 18%, sulphur 5.5%, granularity are less than 5mm.
8. the method for side-blowing bath electric melting furnace dilution slag according to claim 5 is characterized in that the coal base reduction agent: fixed carbon 76%, fugitive constituent 10%, sulphur 3.8%, granularity are less than 5mm.
9. the method for side-blowing bath electric melting furnace dilution slag according to claim 3 is characterized in that
The injection rate of reducing agent is controlled to be 9~25kg/min rifle, and carrying the compressed gas scale of construction of reducing agent is 180~500Nm 3/ h rifle.
CN2012102508531A 2012-07-19 2012-07-19 Method and equipment for depleting furnace slag of electric melting furnace of side-blowing melting pool Pending CN102735047A (en)

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105002364A (en) * 2014-04-15 2015-10-28 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 Nickel slag side-blowing reduction technology
CN106048254A (en) * 2016-07-21 2016-10-26 黄艳玲 Continuous smelting device and method of nickel-containing material
CN106367605A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-01 河南豫光金铅股份有限公司 Side-blown depletion copper smelting slag production method
CN107036443A (en) * 2017-05-19 2017-08-11 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Electric heating dilution stove
CN108441650A (en) * 2018-06-20 2018-08-24 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Nickel slag dilution device
CN108531744A (en) * 2018-06-20 2018-09-14 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Copper ashes dilution device
CN110184476A (en) * 2019-05-15 2019-08-30 云南铜业股份有限公司西南铜业分公司 A method of eliminating furnace knot in sedimentation electric furnace
CN111101001A (en) * 2020-01-16 2020-05-05 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 One-step nickel smelting system and one-step nickel smelting method
CN111270078A (en) * 2020-03-03 2020-06-12 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Method for recovering valuable metals in nickel slag
CN113355533A (en) * 2021-06-08 2021-09-07 金川集团股份有限公司 Top-side composite smelting direct nickel smelting device
CN115386736A (en) * 2022-08-04 2022-11-25 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 Method for treating laterite-nickel ore by oxygen-enriched side-blown converter
CN115679118A (en) * 2022-11-29 2023-02-03 金川集团股份有限公司 Method for producing metallized nickel anode plate by side-blown molten pool smelting
CN116024438A (en) * 2023-02-24 2023-04-28 浙江华友钴业股份有限公司 Method for producing nickel product by using laterite-nickel ore
CN116083737A (en) * 2023-01-13 2023-05-09 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Method and system for producing nickel matte by nickel-containing solid waste

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105002364A (en) * 2014-04-15 2015-10-28 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 Nickel slag side-blowing reduction technology
CN106048254A (en) * 2016-07-21 2016-10-26 黄艳玲 Continuous smelting device and method of nickel-containing material
CN106367605A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-01 河南豫光金铅股份有限公司 Side-blown depletion copper smelting slag production method
CN107036443A (en) * 2017-05-19 2017-08-11 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Electric heating dilution stove
CN108441650A (en) * 2018-06-20 2018-08-24 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Nickel slag dilution device
CN108531744A (en) * 2018-06-20 2018-09-14 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Copper ashes dilution device
CN110184476A (en) * 2019-05-15 2019-08-30 云南铜业股份有限公司西南铜业分公司 A method of eliminating furnace knot in sedimentation electric furnace
CN111101001B (en) * 2020-01-16 2023-06-16 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 One-step nickel smelting system and one-step nickel smelting method
CN111101001A (en) * 2020-01-16 2020-05-05 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 One-step nickel smelting system and one-step nickel smelting method
CN111270078A (en) * 2020-03-03 2020-06-12 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Method for recovering valuable metals in nickel slag
CN113355533A (en) * 2021-06-08 2021-09-07 金川集团股份有限公司 Top-side composite smelting direct nickel smelting device
CN115386736A (en) * 2022-08-04 2022-11-25 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 Method for treating laterite-nickel ore by oxygen-enriched side-blown converter
WO2024026998A1 (en) * 2022-08-04 2024-02-08 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 Method for treating laterite nickel ore by means of oxygen-enriched side blowing furnace
CN115386736B (en) * 2022-08-04 2024-03-12 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 Method for treating laterite-nickel ore by oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace
CN115679118A (en) * 2022-11-29 2023-02-03 金川集团股份有限公司 Method for producing metallized nickel anode plate by side-blown molten pool smelting
CN116083737A (en) * 2023-01-13 2023-05-09 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Method and system for producing nickel matte by nickel-containing solid waste
CN116024438A (en) * 2023-02-24 2023-04-28 浙江华友钴业股份有限公司 Method for producing nickel product by using laterite-nickel ore
CN116024438B (en) * 2023-02-24 2023-10-20 浙江华友钴业股份有限公司 Method for producing nickel product by using laterite-nickel ore

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Application publication date: 20121017