CN115386736B - Method for treating laterite-nickel ore by oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace - Google Patents
Method for treating laterite-nickel ore by oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN115386736B CN115386736B CN202210935992.1A CN202210935992A CN115386736B CN 115386736 B CN115386736 B CN 115386736B CN 202210935992 A CN202210935992 A CN 202210935992A CN 115386736 B CN115386736 B CN 115386736B
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 473
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 339
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 288
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 149
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 148
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni] QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1L-O1-methyl-muco-inositol Natural products COC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VJXUJFAZXQOXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-1-O-Methyl-muco-inositol Natural products CC12C(OC)(C)OC(C)(C)C2CC(=O)C(C23OC2C(=O)O2)(C)C1CCC3(C)C2C=1C=COC=1 VJXUJFAZXQOXMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-KLJZZCKASA-N D-pinitol Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-KLJZZCKASA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- KOPMZTKUZCNGFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-triethoxybutane Chemical compound CCCC(OCC)(OCC)OCC KOPMZTKUZCNGFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- -1 nickel and cobalt Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- KOVPITHBHSZRLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CC(C)COC(S)=S KOVPITHBHSZRLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-pentanol Chemical group CC(C)CC(C)O WVYWICLMDOOCFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical group CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TUZCOAQWCRRVIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCCCOC(S)=S TUZCOAQWCRRVIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IDTYIZVHFFKWAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(S)=S IDTYIZVHFFKWAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QWENMOXLTHDKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCOC(S)=S QWENMOXLTHDKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102100036439 Amyloid beta precursor protein binding family B member 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101000928670 Homo sapiens Amyloid beta precursor protein binding family B member 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical group CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001053 Nickel-zinc ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOJYYXATTMQQNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Proxan Chemical compound CC(C)OC(S)=S UOJYYXATTMQQNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DGXKDBWJDQHNCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(oxo)titanium nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni++].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O DGXKDBWJDQHNCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- PYZLRNMGUBDIHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular hydrogen;nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[H][H] PYZLRNMGUBDIHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQNBVCBUOCNRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel ferrite Chemical compound [Ni]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NQNBVCBUOCNRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000159 nickel phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JOCJYBPHESYFOK-UHFFFAOYSA-K nickel(3+);phosphate Chemical compound [Ni+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O JOCJYBPHESYFOK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005486 sulfidation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014233 sulfur utilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/005—Preliminary treatment of ores, e.g. by roasting or by the Krupp-Renn process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating laterite-nickel ore by an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace, and belongs to the technical field of smelting. The method comprises the following steps: reducing and vulcanizing furnace burden consisting of laterite nickel ore balls, vulcanizing agent 1, reducing agent 1 and flux 1 in an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace to obtain cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1, smelting slag and flue gas; after the low-cobalt low-nickel matte 1 is quenched by water, adding a flux 2 to enter a converting process to obtain cobalt-rich high-nickel matte, converting slag and flue gas; the obtained smelting slag and converting slag are subjected to further depletion separation by adopting a sedimentation electric furnace, the obtained electric furnace slag is subjected to crushing grinding, floatation and magnetic separation to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy, cobalt-rich low-nickel sulfur/cobalt-lean low-nickel matte nickel-cobalt concentrate, and then the nickel-cobalt concentrate enters the converting process, so that valuable metals such as nickel and cobalt can be effectively enriched, the latent heat of the smelting slag and converting slag is fully utilized, and the utilization rate of laterite-nickel ore is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical engineering, and particularly relates to a method for treating laterite-nickel ore by an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace.
Background
The nickel metal has very wide application, can be used for preparing various heat-resistant alloy steel, nickel alloy, stainless steel and other metal materials, can be used as a hydrogenation catalyst in chemical reaction of petrochemical industry, can be used for electroplating according to the rust resistance and good metal luster of nickel, can be used for preparing dyes and pigments according to nickel cobalt aluminate solid solution, nickel phosphate, nickel titanate and the like, can be used as a colorant in ceramic industry, can be used for preparing various ferrite such as nickel ferrite and nickel zinc ferrite, can be used for preparing Fe-Ni, cd-Ni batteries and H2-Ni sealed batteries, and can be used for preparing nickel sulfate battery grade materials and ternary precursor materials.
With the vigorous development of the new energy power electric car industry, the new energy automobile yield is rapidly increased year by year, the development prospect and market growth space of the new energy automobile are huge in the future, the requirements of the new energy market on nickel, cobalt and the like are gradually increased year by year, and nickel-based positive electrodes such as nickel, manganese, cobalt, nickel, cobalt, aluminum and the like occupy a main share in the electric car battery market. At present, indonesia is utilizing the nickel reserves of its vast resources laterite nickel ore to stimulate the investment production of battery grade metals, or at least one nickel, which can then be processed into sulphates to enter the battery cathode. The nickel sulfate is mainly obtained by wet treatment of the high ice nickel matte, and the main pyrogenic process production technology of the high ice nickel matte comprises the following steps: laterite nickel ore, pre-reduction roasting, reduction smelting, ferronickel, sulfuration and nickel matte; the production cases of the process for producing nickel matte by producing ferronickel and then vulcanizing the ferronickel are as follows: the 'rotary kiln vulcanization-submerged arc furnace' method successfully developed by fresh water valley Indonesia company in 70 th century of 20 th year has the defects of severe operating environment and lower sulfur utilization rate, and a rotary kiln flue gas desulfurization system needs to be added; "RKEF ferronickel sulfidation" developed by New Duoni Eramet SLN Nickel smelter, disadvantages: still need electric furnace smelting, lead to high energy consumption, high cost and complex process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for treating laterite-nickel ore by an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace, which removes a rotary kiln pre-reduction roasting step in the traditional laterite-nickel ore smelting method, breaks, dries and pellets the laterite-nickel ore, directly adds the laterite-nickel ore into the side-blown furnace for reduction, vulcanization and smelting to produce low-cobalt and low-nickel matte, thereby saving the manufacturing cost and the energy consumption cost of a rotary kiln system, shortening the smelting process flow of the laterite-nickel ore and enabling the production to be rapid, continuous and large-scale.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for treating laterite-nickel ore by an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace comprises the following steps:
s1: drying the laterite-nickel ore to enable the water content of the laterite-nickel ore to be 12% -23%;
s2: mixing the dried laterite-nickel ore, the vulcanizing agent 1, the flux 1 and the reducing agent 1, and pressing the mixture into balls to form laterite-nickel ore balls;
s3: smelting furnace burden consisting of laterite nickel ore balls, a vulcanizing agent 1, a reducing agent 1 and a flux 1 to obtain cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1, smelting slag and flue gas; after water quenching, adding a flux 2 into the low-cobalt and low-nickel matte 1 to enter a converting process, so as to obtain cobalt-rich and high-nickel matte, converting slag and flue gas;
S4: adding a flux 3 into the smelting slag, and then carrying out depletion separation to obtain cobalt-depleted low-nickel matte 2, electric furnace slag 1 and flue gas; the electric furnace slag 2 is subjected to crushing and grinding and then is subjected to floatation, and nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and tailings 1 are obtained; magnetically separating the tailings 1 to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 1 and tailings 2; the lean cobalt low nickel matte 2, the nickel cobalt concentrate 1 and the nickel cobalt alloy 1 enter a converting process;
s5: the blowing slag is subjected to depletion separation after the vulcanizing agent 2, the reducing agent 2 and the flux 4 are added into the blowing slag, so that cobalt-rich low-nickel-sulfur, electric furnace slag 2 and flue gas are obtained; the electric furnace slag 2 is subjected to crushing and grinding and then is subjected to floatation, and nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and tailings 3 are obtained; magnetically separating the tailings 3 to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 2 and tailings 4; and the cobalt-rich low nickel sulfur, the nickel cobalt concentrate 2 and the nickel cobalt alloy 2 enter a converting process.
Further, at least one of the following (a) to (e):
(a) The laterite-nickel ore comprises the following main chemical components: 0.6 to 3 percent of Ni, 0.01 to 1.1 percent of Co, 20 to 41 percent of Fe, 1.3 to 15 percent of MgO and SiO 2 10％～45％；
(b) The main chemical components of the cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1 are as follows: 11 to 30 percent of Ni, 0.1 to 1.3 percent of Co, 35 to 63 percent of Fe and 6 to 28 percent of S;
(c) The smelting slag comprises the following main chemical components: 0.15 to 0.6 percent of Ni, 0.006 to 0.01 percent of Co and 30 to 45 percent of Fe;
(d) The main chemical components of the cobalt-rich high-nickel matte are as follows: 58-81% of Ni, 1.1-4.3% of Co and 8-15% of S;
(e) The main chemical components of the blowing slag are as follows: 1.3 to 2.4 percent of Ni, 0.06 to 0.27 percent of Co and 20 to 65 percent of Fe.
Further, the vulcanizing agent 1 is at least one of gypsum, pyrite, sulfur and sulfur-containing minerals; the flux 1 is at least one of limestone and quartz stone; the reducing agent 1 is at least one of anthracite, coke, semi-coke and graphite powder.
Further, in the step S2, the mass of the vulcanizing agent 1 is 8% -25% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore, the mass of the flux 1 is 3% -15% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore, and the mass of the reducing agent 1 is 3% -18% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore.
Further, in the step S3, the mass of the vulcanizing agent 1 is 3-12% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore ball, the mass of the flux 1 is 1-10% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore ball, and the mass of the reducing agent 1 is 1-9% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore ball.
Further, in the step S3, during smelting, fuel, oxygen and compressed air are introduced, the purity of the oxygen is 90-98%, the volume concentration of the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air is 60-80%, the excess coefficient of the fuel is 75-90%, the total smelting coefficient is 76-100%, the smelting temperature is 1230-1600 ℃, and the fuel is at least one of natural gas, pulverized coal and heavy oil.
Further, in the converting step, the blowing amount is 12000Nm 3 /h～30000Nm 3 And/h, the blowing temperature is 1220-1330 ℃, the blowing time is 1-2 h, the flux 2 is quartz stone, and the dosage of the flux 2 is 2-11% of the mass of the cobalt-poor low-nickel matte particles obtained after water quenching.
Further, in the step S4, the temperature of the dilution separation is 1250-1450 ℃, the flux 3 is at least one of limestone and quartz stone, and the mass of the flux 3 is 2-6% of the mass of the smelting slag.
Further, in the step S5, the temperature of the dilution separation is 1250-1450 ℃, the flux 4 is limestone, and the mass of the flux 3 is 2-6% of the mass of the smelting slag; the vulcanizing agent 2 is at least one of gypsum, pyrite, sulfur and sulfur-containing minerals, and the mass of the vulcanizing agent 2 is 6% -13% of the mass of the converting slag; the reducing agent 2 is at least one of anthracite, coke, semi-coke and graphite powder, and the mass of the reducing agent 2 is 2-8% of the mass of the converting slag.
Further, the flotation in step S4 and step S5 requires the addition of collectors, frothers and activators; the collecting agent is at least one of xanthate and black drug; the foaming agent is at least one of No. 2 oil, alcohol, methyl isobutyl carbinol and pinitol oil; the activator is Na 2 S。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The method removes the rotary kiln pre-reduction roasting link in the traditional laterite-nickel ore smelting method, breaks, dries and pellets the laterite-nickel ore, and then directly adds the laterite-nickel ore into a side-blowing furnace for reduction, vulcanization and smelting to produce the cobalt-poor low nickel matte, thereby saving the manufacturing cost and the energy consumption cost of a rotary kiln system, shortening the laterite-nickel ore smelting process flow and enabling the production to be rapid, continuous and large-scale.
(2) The method of the invention can effectively enrich and extract valuable metals such as nickel, cobalt and the like, and utilizes the property that the affinity of metallic nickel to sulfur is close to that of iron, and the affinity to oxygen is far smaller than that of iron, and in the smelting process of matte with different oxidation degrees, nickel oxide and cobalt oxide react under the action of a vulcanizing agent to generate Ni 3 S 2 And CoS, whereby iron sulfide is oxidized to oxide in stages and is subsequently removed by slag formation with gangue; the method has the characteristics of strong adaptability to materials, suitability for various smelting slag types, low requirements on the variety properties of fuels, reducing agents and vulcanizing agents, good safety and environmental friendliness, investment saving, short process flow, low labor intensity, high heat efficiency, low comprehensive energy consumption and the like.
(3) Adding flux into smelting slag to regulate smelting slag components, adopting a settling electric furnace to perform depletion separation, enriching cobalt-depleted low-nickel matte, cooling, crushing and grinding the obtained electric slag 1, floating to obtain nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and tailings 1, and magnetically separating the tailings 1 to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 1 and tailings 2; the converting slag is reduced, vulcanized and smelted by adopting a sedimentation electric furnace to produce cobalt-rich low-nickel matte and electric furnace slag 2, the electric furnace slag 2 is subjected to cooling, crushing and grinding and floatation to obtain nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and tailings 3, and the tailings 3 are subjected to magnetic separation to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 2 and tailings 4; the method can effectively remove impurities and enrich valuable metals such as nickel and cobalt, has simple flow process, can fully utilize the latent heat of smelting slag and converting slag, and can recycle the produced tailings.
(4) The method comprises the following steps of calculating ingredients, calculating material balance and calculating heat balance: the nickel recovery rate of the whole system is 91-99%, the cobalt recovery rate is 90-98%, and the economic value is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method of treating laterite-nickel ore with an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples and the accompanying drawings.
The existing method for preparing nickel and sulfur from laterite-nickel ore needs to add a rotary kiln flue gas desulfurization system, and has high energy consumption, high cost and complex process.
In view of this, the present invention proposes the following technical scheme. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method for treating laterite-nickel ore in an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is provided. Referring to fig. 1, the method includes the steps of:
s1: drying the laterite-nickel ore to enable the water content of the laterite-nickel ore to be 12% -23%;
s2: mixing the dried laterite-nickel ore, the vulcanizing agent 1, the flux 1 and the reducing agent 1, and pressing the mixture into balls to form laterite-nickel ore balls;
s3: smelting furnace burden consisting of laterite nickel ore balls, a vulcanizing agent 1, a reducing agent 1 and a flux 1 to obtain cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1, smelting slag and flue gas; after water quenching, adding a flux 2 into the low-cobalt and low-nickel matte 1 to enter a converting process, so as to obtain cobalt-rich and high-nickel matte, converting slag and flue gas;
S4: adding a flux 3 into the smelting slag, and then carrying out depletion separation to obtain cobalt-depleted low-nickel matte 2, electric furnace slag 1 and flue gas; the electric furnace slag 2 is subjected to crushing and grinding and then is subjected to floatation, and nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and tailings 1 are obtained; magnetically separating the tailings 1 to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 1 and tailings 2; the lean cobalt low nickel matte 2, the nickel cobalt concentrate 1 and the nickel cobalt alloy 1 enter a converting process;
s5: the blowing slag is subjected to depletion separation after the vulcanizing agent 2, the reducing agent 2 and the flux 4 are added into the blowing slag, so that cobalt-rich low-nickel-sulfur, electric furnace slag 2 and flue gas are obtained; the electric furnace slag 2 is subjected to crushing and grinding and then is subjected to floatation, and nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and tailings 3 are obtained; magnetically separating the tailings 3 to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 2 and tailings 4; and the cobalt-rich low nickel sulfur, the nickel cobalt concentrate 2 and the nickel cobalt alloy 2 enter a converting process.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, in the process of preparing nickel and sulfur, an oxygen-enriched side blowing furnace is adopted for smelting reduction, then blowing is carried out to obtain cobalt-enriched high-nickel matte, the obtained smelting slag and blowing slag are subjected to further depletion separation by adopting a sedimentation electric furnace, the obtained electric furnace slag is subjected to crushing, grinding, floatation and magnetic separation to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy, cobalt-enriched low-nickel sulfur/cobalt-depleted low-nickel matte nickel-cobalt concentrate, and then the nickel-cobalt concentrate enters a blowing process, so that valuable metals such as nickel and cobalt can be effectively enriched, latent heat of the smelting slag and the blowing slag is fully utilized, and the utilization rate of laterite-nickel ore is improved.
According to the invention, the laterite-nickel ore, the vulcanizing agent 1, the flux 1 and the reducing agent 1 are configured into balls, so that the vulcanizing effect of the laterite-nickel ore can be improved. The dried laterite-nickel ore has a large amount of fine ore powder, and is easily sucked into a flue after being directly fed into a furnace, so that a large amount of smoke dust is formed, and the sulfuration is not facilitated; the vulcanizing agent is easy to volatilize and needs to be vulcanized under the action of carbon, if the raw materials are not pressed into balls, the vulcanizing agent volatilizes, more vulcanizing agent is needed, the vulcanizing time is prolonged, the cost is increased, and meanwhile, the vulcanizing effect of the laterite nickel ore is reduced.
In order to further increase the recovery rate of the nickel-containing material, in a preferred embodiment, the laterite-nickel ore is subjected to a crushing and screening process prior to being subjected to the drying process, and the crushed equipment can be conventional equipment in the art, such as jaw crushers, gyratory crushers and the like, and D of the crushed laterite-nickel ore is obtained 90 The main chemical components of the laterite nickel ore are as follows: 0.6 to 3 percent of Ni, 0.01 to 1.1 percent of Co and 20 percent of Fe to the upper part41％、MgO 1.3％～15％、SiO 2 10% -45%. The dried laterite-nickel ore is sent into a disc granulator through a belt conveyor, mixed and granulated with a vulcanizing agent 1, a flux 1 and a reducing agent 1, and the obtained laterite-nickel ore pellets are continuously sent into an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace from the top of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace through the belt conveyor, and the air quantity added per ton of laterite-nickel ore pellets is 100Nm 3 /t～600Nm 3 /t。
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the vulcanizing agent 1 is at least one of gypsum, pyrite, sulfur, and sulfur-containing minerals; the flux 1 is at least one of limestone and quartz stone; the reducing agent 1 is at least one of anthracite, coke, semi-coke and graphite powder.
In a typical embodiment of the present invention, during the granulation process, the vulcanizing agent 1 is 8% -25% of the laterite-nickel ore, the flux 1 is 3% -15% of the laterite-nickel ore, and the reducing agent 1 is 3% -18% of the laterite-nickel ore.
In order to further improve the reduction and vulcanization effects of laterite-nickel ores, a vulcanizing agent 1, a flux 1, a reducing agent 1, fuel, oxygen and air are also required to be added in the reduction and vulcanization process in the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace; the mass of the vulcanizing agent 1 is 3-12% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore ball, the mass of the flux 1 is 1-10% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore ball, and the mass of the reducing agent 1 is 1-9% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore ball; the purity of the oxygen is 90% -98%, and the fuel is at least one of natural gas, pulverized coal and heavy oil. Continuously feeding the vulcanizing agent 1, the flux 1 and the reducing agent 1 into the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace from the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace top by a belt conveyor; the fuel, oxygen and compressed air are sprayed into a molten pool of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace from a spray gun opening on the side of the furnace body, the oxygen-enriched air is used for strongly stirring the melt, and the part above the tuyere forms flocculation movement; the mixed materials are quickly melted and dispersed under the action of the melt with strong stirring, so that the good heat and mass transfer process is realized, and the laterite-nickel ore, the reducing agent, the vulcanizing agent 1 and the flux 1 are fully reduced and vulcanized to generate lean cobalt and low nickel sulfur, smelting slag and flue gas. The low-cobalt low-nickel sulfur and the smelting slag flow into a siphon chamber for further separation, the smelting slag is discharged from a slag hole, flows into a settling electric furnace through a chute, and the low-cobalt low-nickel sulfur is continuously discharged from the siphon hole and is sent into a converter for converting. Flue gas generated by smelting enters a waste heat boiler through a furnace top smoke outlet, saturated steam generated by the waste heat boiler is sent to a power generation process to generate power, and part of waste heat can be sent to a drying kiln to bake laterite-nickel ore. Flue gas at the outlet of the preheating boiler passes through an electric dust collector and a bag dust collector to collect smoke dust, and the flue gas after dust removal reaches the standard and is discharged after desulfurization and denitrification.
Preferably, the main chemical components of the cobalt-lean low-nickel matte 1 are as follows: 11 to 30 percent of Ni, 0.1 to 1.3 percent of Co, 35 to 63 percent of Fe and 6 to 28 percent of S; the smelting slag comprises the following main chemical components: 0.15 to 0.6 percent of Ni, 0.006 to 0.01 percent of Co and 30 to 45 percent of Fe.
In a typical embodiment of the invention, in the smelting process, the smelting temperature in the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is 1230-1600 ℃, the volume concentration of oxygen in oxygen-enriched air in the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is 60-80%, the excess coefficient of fuel is 75-90%, and the total smelting coefficient is 76-100%. Under the conditions, on one hand, the method is beneficial to saving energy and on the other hand, the method is beneficial to improving the selective reduction of nickel, so that preparation is made for obtaining cobalt-rich high nickel-sulfur. In addition, the heat balance is achieved by adjusting the volume concentration of oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air and the excess coefficient of fuel, and the method has a better reduction atmosphere and is favorable for deep reduction.
Preferably, in the converting step, the blowing amount is 12000Nm 3 /h～30000Nm 3 And/h, the blowing temperature is 1220-1330 ℃, the blowing time is 1-2 h, the flux 2 is quartz stone, and the dosage of the flux 2 is 2-11% of the mass of the cobalt-poor low-nickel matte particles obtained after water quenching.
Under the conditions, the high-grade nickel sulfur and converting slag can be obtained, and the cobalt-rich high-nickel matte comprises the following main chemical components: 58-81% of Ni, 1.1-4.3% of Co and 8-15% of S; the main chemical components of the blowing slag are as follows: 1.3 to 2.4 percent of Ni, 0.06 to 0.27 percent of Co and 20 to 65 percent of Fe.
In a typical embodiment of the invention, smelting slag continuously flows into a sedimentation electric furnace through a chute, and the sulfonium slag mixture discharged from a side blowing furnace is subjected to heat preservation, clarification and depletion separation by means of resistance heat and arc heat generated by electrodes inserted into the melt so as to achieve the purpose of separating sulfonium from slag; adding flux 3 to regulate slag component, controlling temperature to 1250-1450 deg.c, raising the liquid level of the mixed melt gradually with the lapse of slag discharging time, separating and depositing valuable metal sulfonium, such as nickel and cobalt, from slag to the bottom of furnace for enrichment, and intermittently discharging the low-cobalt low-nickel sulfonium to bottom blowing furnace or converter for blowing;
preferably, the flux 3 is at least one of limestone and quartz stone, and the mass of the flux 3 is 2% -6% of the mass of the smelting slag.
The electric furnace slag 1 is discharged into a slag ladle through a slag hole, is transported to a slag ladle field by a slag ladle car to be naturally cooled for 42-50 h, and is sprayed with water to be cooled for 25-35 h until the electric furnace slag 1 is completely cooled; the completely cooled electric furnace slag 1 is crushed and ground to-200 meshes or-300 meshes to prepare slag raw ore, a collector, a foaming agent and an activating agent are added into the slag raw ore to float nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and tailings 1, and the tailings 1 are magnetically separated to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 1 and tailings 2. And returning nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and nickel-cobalt alloy 1 generated by the system to a bottom blowing furnace or a converter for converting operation.
Preferably, the collecting agent is one or more of xanthate, black powder, fatty acid, alkyl sulfonate or kerosene, and the amount of the collecting agent is 50-200 g/ton of raw slag ore; the foaming agent is one or more of No. 2 oil, alcohol, methyl isobutyl carbinol and triethoxy butane, and the amount of the foaming agent is 20 g-50 g added into each ton of slag crude ore; the activator is Na 2 S, the dosage of the activating agent is 50 g-300 g of the activating agent added into each ton of slag crude ore.
Preferably, the xanthate is at least one of ethyl xanthate, butyl xanthate, isopropyl xanthate, isobutyl xanthate, amyl xanthate and hexyl xanthate, and is not limited to the above description, and those skilled in the art can select the xanthate to be used according to actual needs.
Preferably, the black drug is at least one of a phenol black drug, an alcohol black drug and an oxyalkanol black drug, and is not limited to the above description, and one skilled in the art can select the black drug to be used according to actual needs.
In a typical embodiment of the invention, converting slag continuously flows into a sedimentation electric furnace through a chute, a vulcanizing agent 2, a reducing agent and a flux 4 are added according to actual conditions, the temperature of the electric furnace is controlled to 1250 ℃ to 1450 ℃, the affinity of metallic nickel to sulfur is close to iron and the affinity to oxygen is far smaller than that of iron, and nickel and cobalt oxides react under the action of the vulcanizing agent 4 to generate Ni in the matte smelting process with different oxidation degrees 3 S 2 And CoS, while the iron sulfide is oxidized to oxide in stages, and is subsequently removed by slag formation with gangue.
Preferably, the flux 4 is limestone, and the mass of the flux 3 is 2% -6% of the mass of the smelting slag; the vulcanizing agent 2 is at least one of gypsum, pyrite, sulfur and sulfur-containing minerals, and the mass of the vulcanizing agent 2 is 6% -13% of the mass of the converting slag; the reducing agent 2 is at least one of anthracite, coke, semi-coke and graphite powder, and the mass of the reducing agent 2 is 2-8% of the mass of the converting slag.
Finally, reducing and vulcanizing by a sedimentation electric furnace to generate cobalt-rich low-nickel matte, electric furnace slag 2 and flue gas, returning the cobalt-rich low-nickel matte to a bottom blowing furnace or a converter for blowing, discharging the electric furnace slag 2 into a slag ladle through a slag hole, transferring the slag ladle into a slag ladle field by using a slag ladle car for natural cooling for 35-45 h, and spraying water for cooling for 20-32 h until the electric furnace slag 2 is completely cooled; the completely cooled electric furnace slag 2 is crushed and ground to-200 meshes or-300 meshes to prepare slag raw ore, a collector, a foaming agent and an activating agent are added into the slag raw ore to float nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and tailings 3, and the tailings 3 are magnetically separated to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 2 and tailings 4. And returning nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and nickel-cobalt alloy 2 generated by the system to a bottom blowing furnace or a converter for converting operation.
Preferably, the collecting agent is one or more of xanthate and black powder, and the dosage of the collecting agent is 50-200 g/ton of slag crude ore; the foaming agent is one or more of No. 2 oil, alcohol, methyl isobutyl carbinol and triethoxy butane, and the amount of the foaming agent is 20 g-50 g added into each ton of slag crude ore; the activator is Na 2 S, the dosage of the activating agent is 50 g-300 g of the activating agent added into each ton of slag crude ore.
The cobalt-rich high-nickel matte is cast into a cobalt-rich high-nickel matte block through a casting system, and the cobalt-rich high-nickel matte block can be processed by a wet method to obtain nickel sulfate and cobalt sulfate battery grade materials for manufacturing new energy batteries; the nickel cobalt concentrate 1 and the nickel cobalt concentrate 2 are returned to a bottom blowing furnace or a converter for blowing and recycling valuable metals such as nickel, cobalt and the like; the tailings 2 and 4 are directly sold for steelmaking or are used as electromagnetic functional materials; flue gas generated by the side blowing furnace, the converting furnace and the sedimentation electric furnace enters a waste heat boiler through a furnace top smoke outlet, saturated steam generated by the waste heat boiler is sent to a power generation process for power generation, and part of waste heat can be sent to a drying kiln for baking laterite-nickel ore. Flue gas at the outlet of the preheating boiler passes through an electric dust collector and a bag dust collector to collect smoke dust, and the flue gas after dust removal reaches the standard and is discharged after desulfurization and denitrification; and the collected smoke dust can be returned to the mixing granulation process to participate in the batching granulation, or directly returned to the side blowing furnace to participate in the reduction, vulcanization and smelting.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically indicated, the various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or may be prepared by existing methods.
Example 1
A method for directly treating laterite-nickel ore by using an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Crushing and screening the laterite-nickel ore by a jaw crusher, wherein the granularity of more than 91% of the crushed laterite-nickel ore is 1mm; then deeply removing free water in a drying kiln, wherein the water content of the laterite-nickel ore after drying and dehydration is 15%, and the main chemical components of the laterite-nickel ore are as follows: 2.13% of Ni, 0.12% of Co, 30.57% of Fe, 9.87% of MgO and SiO 2 24.61％；
(2) Conveying the dried laterite-nickel ore obtained in the step (1) to a disc granulator through a belt conveyor, adding a vulcanizing agent 1, a flux 1 and a reducing agent according to burdening calculation, and mixing and granulating the laterite-nickel ore, the vulcanizing agent 1, the flux 1, the reducing agent and smoke dust to obtain laterite-nickel ore balls, wherein the balling rate is 98%, and the diameter of the laterite-nickel ore balls is 14mm; wherein, the vulcanizing agent 1 is gypsum, and the adding amount of the vulcanizing agent 1 is 10% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore; the flux 1 is limestone, and the blending amount of the flux 1 is 8% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore; the reducer 1 is anthracite, and the addition amount of the reducer 1 is 5% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore;
(3) Continuously adding the laterite-nickel ore balls obtained in the step (2), the vulcanizing agent 1, the reducing agent 1 and the flux 1 into an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace from the top of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace through a metering belt scale, wherein the air quantity of 200Nm of each ton of laterite-nickel ore balls is added 3 And (t) injecting fuel, oxygen and compressed air from a spray gun opening on the side of the furnace body into a molten pool of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace for smelting to obtain cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1, smelting slag and flue gas; the purity of the oxygen is 98%, the volume concentration of the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air in the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is 80%, the excess coefficient of the fuel is 88%, the total smelting coefficient of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is 90%, the smelting temperature is 1500 ℃, and the reduction and vulcanization time is continuous feeding; the fuel is natural gas, and the blending amount of the fuel is 30% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the reducing agent is anthracite, and the adding amount of the reducing agent is 6% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the vulcanizing agent 1 is gypsum, and the adding amount of the vulcanizing agent 1 is 10% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the flux 1 is limestone, and the addition amount of the flux 1 is 4% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the main chemical components of the cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1 are as follows: 18.29% of Ni, 0.27% of Co; fe56.84%, S20.68%; the smelting slag comprises the following main chemical components: 0.25% of Ni0.007% of Co0.007% of Fe40.83%;
The obtained low cobalt and low nickel matte 1 is stored in a nickel matte bin in a form of low nickel matte particles after being quenched by water in a water quenching system, is added into a bottom blowing furnace or a converter through a belt conveyor, is blown with compressed air, is added with flux 2, and is subjected to iron removal, desulfurization and slag-making converting operation for 1.3 hours at the temperature of 1260 ℃ to produce high cobalt and high nickel matte, converting slag and flue gas; wherein the blowing amount of the compressed air is 24500Nm 3 /h; the flux 2 is quartz stone, the dosage of the flux 2 is 6% of the mass of the low nickel matte particles, and the main chemical components of the high cobalt and high nickel matte are as follows: ni76.39%, co2.81%, S8.36%; primary chemical formation of said blowing slagThe method is divided into: ni1.38%, co0.13% and Fe65%;
(4) Continuously flowing the smelting slag produced in the step (3) into a sedimentation electric furnace through a chute, adding a flux 3 to adjust the temperature to 1290 ℃, and carrying out depletion separation to obtain cobalt-depleted low-nickel matte 2, electric furnace slag 1 and flue gas; the obtained low-cobalt low-nickel matte 2 is intermittently fed into a converting process through a metal discharge port;
the obtained electric furnace slag 1 is discharged into a slag ladle through a slag hole, then is transported to a slag ladle field by a slag ladle car for natural cooling for 42h, and is sprayed with water for cooling for 25h until the electric furnace slag 1 is completely cooled; crushing and grinding the completely cooled electric furnace slag 1 to-200 meshes to prepare raw slag ores, adding a collector, a foaming agent and an activating agent into the raw slag ores to obtain nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and tailings 1 through flotation, magnetically separating the tailings 1 to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 1 and tailings 2, and conveying the obtained nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and nickel-cobalt alloy 1 to a converting process; wherein the flux 3 is limestone, and the addition amount of the flux 3 is 3% of the mass of smelting slag; the collecting agent is amyl xanthate, and the dosage of the collecting agent is 60g/t; the foaming agent is No. 2 oil, and the dosage of the foaming agent is 25g/t; the activator is Na 2 S, the dosage of the activating agent is 70g/t;
(5) Continuously flowing the converting slag produced in the step (3) into a sedimentation electric furnace through a chute, adding a vulcanizing agent 2, a reducing agent and a flux 4, controlling the temperature of the electric furnace to 1350 ℃, reducing and vulcanizing to generate cobalt-rich low-nickel matte, electric furnace slag 2 and flue gas, and feeding the obtained cobalt-rich low-nickel matte into a converting process;
the obtained electric furnace slag 2 is discharged into a slag ladle through a slag hole, then is transported to a slag ladle field by a slag ladle car for natural cooling for 38h, and is sprayed with water for cooling for 25h until the electric furnace slag 2 is completely cooled; crushing and grinding the completely cooled electric furnace slag 2 to-200 meshes to prepare slag raw ore, adding a collector, a foaming agent and an activating agent into the slag raw ore to obtain nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and tailings 3 through flotation, magnetically separating the tailings 3 to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 2 and tailings 4, and conveying the obtained nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and nickel-cobalt alloy 2 to a converting process; wherein the vulcanizing agent 2 is pyrite, and the adding amount of the vulcanizing agent 2 is 10% of the mass of the blowing slag; the flux 4 is limestone, and the addition amount of the flux 4 is 3% of the mass of the blowing slag; the reducing agent 2 is anthracite, and the addition amount of the reducing agent 2 is 4% of the mass of the blowing slag; the collecting agent is butaneThe dosage of the collecting agent is 70g/t based on the black medicine; the foaming agent is methyl isobutyl carbinol, and the dosage of the foaming agent is 30g/t; the activator is Na 2 S, the dosage of the activator is 90g/t.
The method comprises the following steps of calculating ingredients, calculating material balance and calculating heat balance: in this example, the recovery rate of nickel was 98.58% and the recovery rate of cobalt was 95.37%.
Example 2
A method for directly treating laterite-nickel ore by using an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Crushing and screening the laterite-nickel ore by a jaw crusher, wherein the granularity of more than 93% of the crushed laterite-nickel ore is 2m; then deeply removing free water in a drying kiln, wherein the water content of the laterite-nickel ore after drying and dehydration is 21%, and the main chemical components of the laterite-nickel ore are as follows: ni 2.46%, co0.09%, fe38.73%, mgO10.57%, siO 2 29.43％。
(2) Conveying the dried laterite-nickel ore obtained in the step (1) to a disc granulator through a belt conveyor, adding a vulcanizing agent 1, a flux 1 and a reducing agent according to burdening calculation, and granulating the laterite-nickel ore, the vulcanizing agent 1, the flux 1, the reducing agent and smoke dust into laterite-nickel ore balls by controlling the rotation rate of the disc granulator, wherein the balling rate is 98%, and the diameter of the laterite-nickel ore balls is 29mm; wherein, the vulcanizing agent 1 is pyrite, and the adding amount of the vulcanizing agent 1 is 13% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore; the flux 1 is quartz stone, and the blending amount of the flux 1 is 9% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore; the reducing agent 1 is coke, and the adding amount of the reducing agent 1 is 7% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore;
(3) Continuously adding the laterite-nickel ore pellets obtained in the step (2), the vulcanizing agent 1, the reducing agent 1 and the flux 1 into an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace from the top of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace through a metering belt scale, wherein the air quantity of 300Nm of each ton of laterite-nickel ore pellets is added 3 And (t) injecting fuel, oxygen and compressed air into a molten pool of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace from a spray gun port on the side of the furnace body, and smelting to obtain cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1, smelting slag and flue gas; wherein the purity of the oxygen is 94%, the volume concentration of the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air in the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is 75%, and the excess coefficient of the fuel is 83, the total smelting coefficient of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is 88%, the smelting temperature is 1550 ℃, and the reduction and vulcanization time is continuous feeding; the fuel is pulverized coal, and the blending amount of the fuel is 25% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore balls; the reducing agent is coke, and the adding amount of the reducing agent is 6% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the vulcanizing agent 1 is pyrite, and the adding amount of the vulcanizing agent 1 is 7% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the flux 1 is quartz stone, and the blending amount of the flux 1 is 4% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore ball. The main chemical components of the cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1 are as follows: 17.92% of Ni, 0.89% of Co, 42.1% of Fe and 19.38% of S. The main chemical components of the smelting slag are as follows: 0.18% of Ni, 0.008% of Co and 40.24% of Fe;
The obtained low cobalt and low nickel matte 1 is stored in a nickel matte bin in a form of low nickel matte particles after being quenched by water in a water quenching system, is added into a bottom blowing furnace or a converter through a belt conveyor, is blown with compressed air, is added with flux 2, and is subjected to iron removal, desulfurization and slag making converting operation for 1.5 hours at the temperature of 1240 ℃ to produce high cobalt and high nickel matte, converting slag and flue gas; wherein the blowing amount of the compressed air is 25600Nm 3 /h; the flux 2 is quartz stone, the dosage of the flux 2 is 8% of the mass of the low nickel matte particles, and the main chemical components of the high cobalt and high nickel matte are as follows: ni71.58%, co2.47%, S13.46%; the main chemical components of the blowing slag are as follows: ni1.84%, co0.14%, fe20%;
(4) Continuously flowing the smelting slag produced in the step (3) into a sedimentation electric furnace through a chute, adding a flux 3 to adjust the temperature to 1300 ℃, and obtaining cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 2, electric furnace slag 1 and flue gas through depletion separation; the obtained low-cobalt low-nickel matte 2 is intermittently fed into a converting process through a metal discharge port;
the obtained electric furnace slag 1 is discharged into a slag ladle through a slag hole, then is transported to a slag ladle field by a slag ladle car for natural cooling for 46h, and is sprayed with water for cooling for 27h until the electric furnace slag 1 is completely cooled; crushing and grinding the completely cooled electric furnace slag 1 to-200 meshes to prepare raw slag ores, adding a collector, a foaming agent and an activating agent into the raw slag ores to obtain nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and tailings 1 through flotation, magnetically separating the tailings 1 to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 1 and tailings 2, and conveying the obtained nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and nickel-cobalt alloy 1 to a converting process; wherein the flux 3 is quartz stone, and the addition amount of the flux 3 is smelting 4% of slag mass; the collecting agent is amyl black drug, and the dosage of the collecting agent is 100g/t; the foaming agent is ethanol, and the dosage of the foaming agent is 40g/t; the activator is Na 2 S, the dosage of the activating agent is 120g/t;
(5) Continuously flowing the converting slag produced in the step (3) into a sedimentation electric furnace through a chute, adding a vulcanizing agent 2, a reducing agent 2 and a flux 4, controlling the temperature of the electric furnace to 1400 ℃, reducing and vulcanizing to generate cobalt-rich low-nickel matte, electric furnace slag 2 and flue gas, and feeding the obtained cobalt-rich low-nickel matte into a converting process;
the obtained electric furnace slag 2 is discharged into a slag ladle through a slag hole, and is transported to a slag ladle field by using a slag ladle car to be naturally cooled for 39h, and then water is sprayed for cooling for 25h until the electric furnace slag 2 is completely cooled; crushing and grinding the completely cooled electric furnace slag 2 to-200 meshes to prepare slag raw ore, adding a collector, a foaming agent and an activating agent into the slag raw ore to obtain nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and tailings 3 through flotation, magnetically separating the tailings 3 to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 2 and tailings 4, and conveying the obtained nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and nickel-cobalt alloy 2 to a converting process; wherein the vulcanizing agent 2 is pyrite, and the adding amount of the vulcanizing agent 2 is 13% of the mass of the blowing slag; the flux 4 is limestone, and the addition amount of the flux 4 is 5% of the mass of the blowing slag; the reducing agent 2 is coke, and the addition amount of the reducing agent 2 is 8% of the mass of the blowing slag; the collecting agent is butyl xanthate, and the dosage of the collecting agent is 78g/t; the foaming agent is triethoxy butane, and the dosage of the foaming agent is 33g/t; the activator is Na 2 S, the dosage of the activator is 128g/t.
The method comprises the following steps of calculating ingredients, calculating material balance and calculating heat balance: in this example, the recovery rate of nickel was 95.64% and the recovery rate of cobalt was 94.35%.
Example 3
A method for directly treating laterite-nickel ore by using an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Crushing and screening the laterite-nickel ore by a jaw crusher, wherein the granularity of more than 94% of the crushed laterite-nickel ore is 2.5mm; then deeply removing free water in a drying kiln, wherein the water content of the laterite-nickel ore after drying and dehydration is 23%, and the main chemical components of the laterite-nickel ore are as follows: 2.57% of Ni, 0.17% of Co and 36% of Fe.94％、MgO12.49％、SiO 2 30.68％；
(2) Conveying the dried laterite-nickel ore obtained in the step (1) to a disc granulator through a belt conveyor, adding a vulcanizing agent 1, a flux 1 and a reducing agent according to burdening calculation, and mixing and granulating the laterite-nickel ore, the vulcanizing agent 1, the flux 1, the reducing agent and smoke dust to obtain laterite-nickel ore balls, wherein the balling rate is 98%, and the diameter of the laterite-nickel ore balls is 30mm; wherein, the vulcanizing agent 1 is gypsum and sulfur, and the adding amount of the vulcanizing agent 1 is 14% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore; the flux 1 is limestone and quartz, and the blending amount of the flux 1 is 9.5% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore; the reducer 1 is anthracite and semi-coke, and the addition amount of the reducer 1 is 11% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore;
(3) Continuously adding the laterite-nickel ore balls obtained in the step (2), a vulcanizing agent 1, a reducing agent and a flux 1 into an oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace from the top of the side-blown smelting furnace through a metering belt scale, wherein the air quantity of each ton of laterite-nickel ore balls is 400Nm 3 And (t) injecting fuel, oxygen and compressed air from a spray gun opening on the side of the furnace body into a molten pool of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace for smelting to obtain cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1, smelting slag and flue gas; the purity of the oxygen is 95.5%, the volume concentration of the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air in the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is 68.5%, the excess coefficient of the fuel is 87%, the total smelting coefficient of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is 89.5%, the smelting temperature is 1490 ℃, and the reduction and vulcanization time is continuous feeding; the fuel is natural gas and heavy oil, and the blending amount of the fuel is 32% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore balls; the reducing agent is anthracite and graphite powder, and the adding amount of the reducing agent is 6.5% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the vulcanizing agent 1 is gypsum and pyrite, and the adding amount of the vulcanizing agent 1 is 7.6% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore pellets; the flux 1 is limestone and quartz, and the addition amount of the flux 1 is 8.6% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the main chemical components of the cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1 are as follows: 17.66% of Ni, 0.15% of Co, 56.22% of Fe and 21.34% of S; the smelting slag comprises the following main chemical components: 0.36% of Ni0.009% of Co0.009% of Fe41.37%;
The obtained low cobalt and low nickel matte 1 is stored in a nickel matte bin in a form of low nickel matte particles after being quenched by a water quenching system, and is added into a bottom blowing furnace or a converter through a belt conveyor to be blown inCompressed air is added with flux 2, and the operation of de-ironing, desulfurizing, slagging and converting is carried out for 2 hours at the temperature of 1320 ℃ to produce high cobalt and high nickel matte, converting slag and flue gas; wherein the blowing amount of the compressed air is 28000Nm 3 /h; the flux 2 is quartz stone, the dosage of the flux 2 is 9.5% of the mass of the low nickel matte particles, and the main chemical components of the high cobalt and high nickel matte are as follows: 70.29% of Ni, 2.13% of Co and 14.28% of S; the main chemical components of the blowing slag are as follows: 2.4% of Ni, 0.26% of Co and 40% of Fe;
(4) Continuously flowing the smelting slag produced in the step (3) into a sedimentation electric furnace through a chute, adding a flux 3 to adjust the temperature to 1330 ℃, and obtaining cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 2, electric furnace slag 1 and flue gas through depletion separation; the obtained low-cobalt low-nickel matte 2 is intermittently fed into a converting process through a metal discharge port;
the obtained electric furnace slag 1 is discharged into a slag ladle through a slag hole, transported to a slag ladle field by using a slag ladle car for natural cooling for 44h, and then sprayed with water for cooling for 31h until the electric furnace slag 1 is completely cooled; crushing and grinding the completely cooled electric furnace slag 1 to-200 meshes or-300 meshes to prepare slag raw ore, adding a collector, a foaming agent and an activating agent into the slag raw ore to float nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and tailings 1, and magnetically separating nickel-cobalt alloy 1 and tailings 2 from the tailings 1; the obtained nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and nickel-cobalt alloy 1 are sent to a converting process; wherein the flux 3 is limestone, and the addition amount of the flux 3 is 3.7% of the mass of smelting slag; the collecting agent is hexyl xanthate, and the dosage of the collecting agent is 150g/t; the foaming agent is No. 2 oil, and the dosage of the foaming agent is 50g/t; the activator is Na 2 S, the dosage of the activating agent is 200g/t;
(5) Continuously flowing the converting slag produced in the step (3) into a sedimentation electric furnace through a chute, adding a vulcanizing agent 2, a reducing agent and a flux 4, controlling the temperature of the electric furnace to 1450 ℃, reducing and vulcanizing to generate cobalt-rich low-nickel matte, electric furnace slag 2 and flue gas, and feeding the obtained cobalt-rich low-nickel matte into a converting process;
the obtained electric furnace slag 2 is discharged into a slag ladle through a slag hole, then is transported to a slag ladle field by a slag ladle car for natural cooling for 41h, and is sprayed with water for cooling for 32h until the electric furnace slag 2 is completely cooled; crushing and grinding the completely cooled electric furnace slag 2 to-200 meshes to prepare raw slag ores, and adding a collecting agent and a foaming agent into the raw slag oresFlotation of the activating agent to obtain nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and tailings 3, and magnetic separation of the tailings 3 to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 2 and tailings 4; the obtained nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and nickel-cobalt alloy 2 are sent to a converting process; wherein the vulcanizing agent 2 is pyrite, and the adding amount of the vulcanizing agent 2 is 8.5% of the mass of the blowing slag; the flux 4 is limestone, and the addition amount of the flux 4 is 5.6% of the mass of the blowing slag; the reducing agent 2 is anthracite and semi-coke, and the addition amount of the reducing agent 2 is 7.5% of the mass of the blowing slag; the collecting agent is kerosene, and the dosage of the collecting agent is 135g/t; the foaming agent is triethoxy butane, and the dosage of the foaming agent is 42g/t; the activator is Na 2 S, the dosage of the activator is 185g/t.
The method comprises the following steps of calculating ingredients, calculating material balance and calculating heat balance: in this example, the recovery rate of nickel was 94.33% and the recovery rate of cobalt was 93.75%.
Example 4
(1) Crushing and screening the laterite-nickel ore by a jaw crusher, wherein the granularity of more than 90% of the crushed laterite-nickel ore is 0.5mm; then deeply removing free water in a drying kiln, wherein the water content of the laterite-nickel ore after drying and dehydration is 12%, and the main chemical components of the laterite-nickel ore are as follows: 0.6% of Ni, 0.01% of Co, 41% of Fe, 1.3% of MgO and SiO 2 10％。
(2) Conveying the dried laterite-nickel ore obtained in the step (1) to a disc granulator through a belt conveyor, adding a vulcanizing agent 1, a flux 1 and a reducing agent according to burdening calculation, and mixing and granulating the laterite-nickel ore, the vulcanizing agent 1, the flux 1, the reducing agent and smoke dust to obtain laterite-nickel ore balls, wherein the balling rate is 98%, and the diameter of the laterite-nickel ore balls is 12mm; wherein, the vulcanizing agent 1 is gypsum, and the adding amount of the vulcanizing agent 1 is 8% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore; the flux 1 is limestone, and the blending amount of the flux 1 is 3% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore; the reducer 1 is anthracite, and the adding amount of the reducer 1 is 3% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore;
(3) Continuously adding the laterite-nickel ore balls obtained in the step (2), a vulcanizing agent 1, a reducing agent and a flux 1 into an oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace from the top of the side-blown smelting furnace through a metering belt scale, wherein the air quantity of each ton of laterite-nickel ore balls is 100Nm 3 T, fuel, oxygen and compressed air from the furnace body sideBlowing the spray gun mouth of the body into a molten pool of an oxygen-enriched side-blowing furnace for smelting to obtain cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1, smelting slag and flue gas; the purity of the oxygen is 90%, the volume concentration of the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air in the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is 60%, the excess coefficient of the fuel is 75%, the total smelting coefficient of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is 76%, the smelting temperature is 1230 ℃, and the reduction and vulcanization time is continuous feeding; the fuel is natural gas, and the blending amount of the fuel is 25% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the reducer 1 is graphite powder, and the addition amount of the reducer 1 is 1% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the vulcanizing agent 1 is gypsum, and the adding amount of the vulcanizing agent 1 is 3% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the flux is limestone, and the addition amount of the flux 2 is 1% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the main chemical components of the cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1 are as follows: ni11%, co0.1%, fe63%, S28%; the smelting slag comprises the following main chemical components: 0.15% of Ni, 0.006% of Co and 30% of Fe;
The obtained low cobalt and low nickel matte 1 is stored in a nickel matte bin in a form of low nickel matte particles after being quenched by water in a water quenching system, is added into a bottom blowing furnace or a converter through a belt conveyor, is blown with compressed air, is added with flux 2, and is subjected to iron removal, desulfurization and slag making converting operation for 1h at the temperature of 1220 ℃ to produce high cobalt and high nickel matte, converting slag and flue gas; wherein the blowing amount of the compressed air is 12000Nm 3 /h; the flux 2 is quartz stone, the dosage of the flux 2 is 2% of the mass of the low nickel matte particles, and the main chemical components of the high cobalt and high nickel matte are as follows: ni58%, co1.1%, S15%; the main chemical components of the blowing slag are as follows: ni1.3%, co0.06%, fe58.94%;
(4) Continuously flowing the smelting slag produced in the step (3) into a sedimentation electric furnace through a chute, adding a flux 3 to adjust slag components, controlling the temperature to 1250 ℃, and carrying out depletion separation to obtain cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 2, electric furnace slag 1 and flue gas; the obtained low-cobalt low-nickel matte 2 is intermittently fed into a converting process through a metal discharge port;
the obtained electric furnace slag 1 is discharged into a slag ladle through a slag hole, then is transported to a slag ladle field by a slag ladle car for natural cooling for 42h, and is sprayed with water for cooling for 25h until the electric furnace slag 1 is completely cooled; crushing and grinding the completely cooled electric furnace slag 1 to-300 meshes to prepare raw slag ores, and adding the raw slag ores The collecting agent, the foaming agent and the activating agent are subjected to flotation to obtain nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and tailings 1, and the tailings 1 are subjected to magnetic separation to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 1 and tailings 2; the obtained nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and nickel-cobalt alloy 1 are sent to a converting process; wherein the flux 3 is limestone, and the addition amount of the flux 3 is 2% of the mass of the smelting slag; the collecting agent is amyl black drug, and the dosage of the collecting agent is 50g/t; the foaming agent is No. 2 oil, and the dosage of the foaming agent is 20g/t; the activator is Na 2 S, the dosage of the activating agent is 50g/t;
(5) Continuously flowing the converting slag produced in the step (3) into a sedimentation electric furnace through a chute, adding a vulcanizing agent 2, a reducing agent and a flux 4, controlling the temperature of the electric furnace to 1250 ℃, reducing and vulcanizing to generate cobalt-rich low-nickel matte, electric furnace slag 2 and flue gas, and feeding the obtained cobalt-rich low-nickel matte into a converting process; the obtained electric furnace slag 2 is discharged into a slag ladle through a slag hole, and is transported to a slag ladle field by using a slag ladle car to be naturally cooled for 35 hours, and then water is sprayed for cooling for 20 hours until the electric furnace slag 2 is completely cooled; crushing and grinding the completely cooled electric furnace slag 2 to 300 meshes to prepare a slag raw ore, adding a collector, a foaming agent and an activating agent into the slag raw ore to obtain nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and tailings 3 through flotation, magnetically separating the tailings 3 to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 2 and tailings 4, and conveying the obtained nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and nickel-cobalt alloy 2 to a converting process; wherein the vulcanizing agent 2 is gypsum, and the adding amount of the vulcanizing agent 2 is 6% of the mass of the converting slag; the flux 4 is limestone, and the addition amount of the flux 4 is 1% of the mass of the blowing slag; the reducing agent 2 is anthracite, and the addition amount of the reducing agent 2 is 2% of the mass of the blowing slag; the collecting agent is isobutyl xanthate, and the dosage of the collecting agent is 50g/t; the foaming agent is methyl isobutyl carbinol, and the dosage of the foaming agent is 20g/t; the activator is Na 2 S, the dosage of the activator is 50g/t.
The method comprises the following steps of calculating ingredients, calculating material balance and calculating heat balance: in this example, the recovery rate of nickel was 91.00% and the recovery rate of cobalt was 90.00%.
Example 5
(1) Crushing and screening the laterite-nickel ore by a jaw crusher, wherein the granularity of more than 90% of the crushed laterite-nickel ore is 6mm; then deeply removing free water in a drying kiln, and drying and dehydrating to obtain laterite-nickel ore with water content of 23 percentThe laterite nickel ore comprises the following main chemical components: ni 3%, co1.1%, fe20%, mgO15%, siO 2 45％；
(2) Conveying the dried laterite-nickel ore obtained in the step (1) to a disc granulator through a belt conveyor, adding a vulcanizing agent 1, a flux 1 and a reducing agent according to burdening calculation, and mixing and granulating the laterite-nickel ore, the vulcanizing agent 1, the flux 1, the reducing agent and smoke dust to obtain laterite-nickel ore balls, wherein the balling rate is 98%, and the diameter of the laterite-nickel ore balls is 33mm; wherein, the vulcanizing agent 1 is gypsum, and the adding amount of the vulcanizing agent 1 is 25% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore; the flux 1 is limestone, and the blending amount of the flux 1 is 15% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore; the reducer 1 is anthracite, and the addition amount of the reducer 1 is 18% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore;
(3) Continuously adding the laterite-nickel ore balls obtained in the step (2), a vulcanizing agent 1, a reducing agent and a flux 1 into an oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace from the top of the side-blown smelting furnace through a metering belt scale, wherein the air quantity of each ton of laterite-nickel ore balls is 600Nm 3 And (t) injecting fuel, oxygen and compressed air from a spray gun opening on the side of the furnace body into a molten pool of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace for smelting to obtain cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1, smelting slag and flue gas; the purity of the oxygen is 98%, the volume concentration of the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air in the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is 80%, the excess coefficient of the fuel is 90%, the total smelting coefficient of the oxygen side-blown furnace is 100%, the smelting temperature is 1600 ℃, and the reduction and vulcanization time is continuous feeding; the fuel is natural gas, and the blending amount of the fuel is 50% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the reducing agent is anthracite, and the adding amount of the reducing agent is 9% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the vulcanizing agent 1 is gypsum, and the adding amount of the vulcanizing agent 1 is 12% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the flux 1 is limestone, and the addition amount of the flux 1 is 10% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the main chemical components of the cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1 are as follows: 30% of Ni, 1.3% of Co, 35% of Fe and 6% of S; the smelting slag comprises the following main chemical components: 0.6% of Ni, 0.01% of Co and 45% of Fe;
The obtained low cobalt and low nickel matte 1 is stored in a nickel matte bin in the form of low nickel matte particles after being quenched by a water quenching system, and is added into a bottom blowing furnace or a converter through a belt conveyor, compressed air is blown in, flux 2 is added, and the temperature is 1330 DEG CCarrying out de-iron desulfurization slagging converting operation for 2 hours under the temperature condition to produce high cobalt and high nickel matte, converting slag and flue gas; wherein the compressed air has a blowing amount of 30000Nm 3 /h; the flux 2 is quartz stone, the dosage of the flux 2 is 11% of the mass of the low nickel matte particles, and the main chemical components of the high cobalt and high nickel matte are as follows: 81% of Ni, 4.3% of Co and 8% of S; the main chemical components of the blowing slag are as follows: 2.4% of Ni, 0.27% of Co and 60% of Fe;
(4) Continuously flowing the high-temperature smelting slag produced in the step (3) into a sedimentation electric furnace through a chute, adding a flux 3 to adjust slag components, controlling the temperature to 1450 ℃, and carrying out depletion separation to obtain cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 2, electric furnace slag 1 and flue gas; the obtained low-cobalt low-nickel matte 2 is intermittently fed into a converting process through a metal discharge port;
the obtained electric furnace slag 1 is discharged into a slag ladle through a slag hole, and is transported to a slag ladle field by using a slag ladle car to be naturally cooled for 50h, and then water is sprayed for cooling for 35h until the electric furnace slag 1 is completely cooled; crushing and grinding the completely cooled electric furnace slag 1 to-300 meshes to prepare a slag raw ore, adding a collector, a foaming agent and an activating agent into the slag raw ore to obtain nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and tailings 1 through flotation, and magnetically separating the nickel-cobalt alloy 1 and tailings 2 from the tailings 1; the obtained nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and nickel-cobalt alloy 1 are sent to a converting process; wherein the flux 3 is limestone, and the addition amount of the flux 3 is 6% of the mass of smelting slag; the collecting agent is kerosene, and the dosage of the collecting agent is 200g/t; the foaming agent is ethanol, and the dosage of the foaming agent is 50g/t; the activator is Na 2 S, the dosage of the activating agent is 300g/t;
(5) Continuously flowing the converting slag produced in the step (3) into a sedimentation electric furnace through a chute, adding a vulcanizing agent 2, a reducing agent and a flux 4, controlling the temperature of the electric furnace to 1450 ℃, reducing and vulcanizing to generate cobalt-rich low-nickel matte, electric furnace slag 2 and flue gas, and feeding the obtained cobalt-rich low-nickel matte into a converting process; the obtained electric furnace slag 2 is discharged into a slag ladle through a slag hole, and is transported to a slag ladle field by using a slag ladle car to be naturally cooled for 45h, and then water is sprayed for cooling for 32h until the electric furnace slag 2 is completely cooled; crushing and grinding the completely cooled electric furnace slag 2 to-200 meshes to prepare raw slag ores, adding a collector, a foaming agent and an activating agent into the raw slag ores to obtain nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and tailings 3 through flotation, and magnetically separating the tailings 3 to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy2 and tailings 4, and the obtained nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and nickel-cobalt alloy 2 are sent to a converting process; wherein the vulcanizing agent 2 is gypsum, and the adding amount of the vulcanizing agent 2 is 13% of the mass of the blowing slag; the flux 4 is limestone, and the addition amount of the flux 4 is 6% of the mass of the blowing slag; the reducing agent 2 is anthracite, and the addition amount of the reducing agent 2 is 8% of the mass of the blowing slag; the collector is sodium alkyl benzene alkyl sulfonate, and the dosage of the collector is 200g/t; the foaming agent is No. 2 oil, and the dosage of the foaming agent is 50g/t; the activator is Na 2 S, the dosage of the foaming agent is 300g/t.
The method comprises the following steps of calculating ingredients, calculating material balance and calculating heat balance: in this example, the recovery rate of nickel was 99.00% and the recovery rate of cobalt was 98.00%.
Comparative example 1
A method for directly treating laterite-nickel ore by using an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Crushing and screening the laterite-nickel ore by a jaw crusher, wherein the granularity of more than 70% of the crushed laterite-nickel ore is 8mm; then deeply removing free water in a drying kiln, wherein the water content of the laterite-nickel ore after drying and dehydration is 25%, and the main chemical components of the laterite-nickel ore are as follows: ni 2.38%, co0.09%, fe39.94%, mgO13.5%, siO 2 40.36％；
(2) Conveying the dried laterite-nickel ore obtained in the step (1) to a disc granulator through a belt conveyor, adding a vulcanizing agent 1, a flux 1 and a reducing agent according to burdening calculation, and mixing and granulating the laterite-nickel ore, the vulcanizing agent 1, the flux 1, the reducing agent and smoke dust to obtain laterite-nickel ore balls, wherein the balling rate is 98%, and the diameter of the laterite-nickel ore balls is 36mm; wherein, the vulcanizing agent 1 is gypsum, and the adding amount of the vulcanizing agent 1 is 4% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore; the flux 1 is limestone, and the dosage of the flux 1 is 18% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore; the reducer 1 is anthracite, and the addition amount of the reducer 1 is 20% of the mass of the laterite-nickel ore;
(3) Continuously adding the laterite-nickel ore balls obtained in the step (2), a vulcanizing agent 1, a reducing agent and a flux 1 into an oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting furnace from the top of the side-blown smelting furnace through a metering belt scale, wherein the air quantity of 50Nm of each ton of laterite-nickel ore balls is added 3 /t，The fuel, oxygen and compressed air are blown into a molten pool of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace from a spray gun port on the side of the furnace body to be smelted, so as to obtain cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1, smelting slag and flue gas; the purity of the oxygen is 80%, the volume concentration of the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air in the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is 50%, the excess coefficient of the fuel is 70%, the total smelting coefficient of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is 72%, the smelting temperature is 1200 ℃, and the reduction and vulcanization time is continuous feeding; the fuel is natural gas, and the blending amount of the fuel is 45% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the reducing agent is anthracite, and the adding amount of the reducing agent is 12% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the vulcanizing agent 1 is gypsum, and the blending amount of the vulcanizing agent 1 is 13% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the flux 1 is limestone, and the addition amount of the flux 1 is 14% of the mass of the laterite nickel ore balls; the main chemical components of the cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1 are as follows: ni9.54%, co0.10%, fe62%, S28%; the smelting slag comprises the following main chemical components: ni0.58%, co0.16% and Fe51.23%;
The obtained low cobalt and low nickel matte 1 is stored in a nickel matte bin in a form of low nickel matte particles after being quenched by a water quenching system, is added into a bottom blowing furnace or a converter through a belt conveyor, is blown with compressed air, is added with flux 2, and is subjected to iron removal, desulfurization and slagging blowing operation for 3 hours at the temperature of 1360 ℃ to produce high cobalt and high nickel matte, blowing slag and flue gas; wherein the blowing amount of the compressed air is 31000Nm 3 /h; the flux 2 is quartz stone, the dosage of the flux 2 is 16% of the mass of the low nickel matte particles, and the main chemical components of the high cobalt and high nickel matte are as follows: ni52.46%, co1.18%, S16.8%; the main chemical components of the blowing slag are as follows: ni3.6%, co0.34%, fe15%;
(4) Continuously flowing the smelting slag produced in the step (3) into a sedimentation electric furnace through a chute, adding a flux 3 to adjust the temperature to 1220 ℃, and obtaining cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 2, electric furnace slag 1 and flue gas through depletion separation; the obtained low-cobalt low-nickel matte 2 is intermittently fed into a converting process through a metal discharge port; the obtained electric furnace slag 1 is discharged into a slag ladle through a slag hole, and is transported to a slag ladle field by using a slag ladle car to be naturally cooled for 35 hours, and then water is sprayed for cooling for 15 hours until the electric furnace slag 1 is completely cooled; crushing and grinding the completely cooled electric furnace slag 1 to-200 ℃ to prepare raw slag ores, and adding a catcher into the raw slag ores Flotation of a collecting agent, a foaming agent and an activating agent to obtain nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and tailings 1, magnetic separation of the tailings 1 to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 1 and tailings 2, and feeding the obtained nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and nickel-cobalt alloy 1 into a converting process; wherein the flux 3 is limestone, and the addition amount of the flux 3 is 8% of the mass of smelting slag; the collecting agent is amyl white drug, and the dosage of the collecting agent is 250g/t; the foaming agent is amyl alcohol, and the dosage of the foaming agent is 60g/t; the activator is Na 2 S, the dosage of the activator is 31g/t;
(5) Continuously flowing the converting slag produced in the step (3) into a sedimentation electric furnace through a chute, adding a vulcanizing agent 2, a reducing agent and a flux 4, controlling the temperature of the electric furnace to 1200 ℃, reducing and vulcanizing to generate cobalt-rich low-nickel matte, electric furnace slag 2 and flue gas, and feeding the obtained cobalt-rich low-nickel matte into a converting process;
the obtained electric furnace slag 2 is discharged into a slag ladle through a slag hole, is transported to a slag ladle field by using a slag ladle car to be naturally cooled for 48 hours, and is sprayed with water to be cooled for 13 hours until the electric furnace slag 2 is completely cooled; crushing and grinding the completely cooled electric furnace slag 2 to-200 meshes to prepare slag raw ore, adding a collector, a foaming agent and an activating agent into the slag raw ore to obtain nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and tailings 3 through flotation, magnetically separating the tailings 3 to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 2 and tailings 4, and conveying the obtained nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and nickel-cobalt alloy 2 to a converting process; wherein the vulcanizing agent 2 is pyrite, and the adding amount of the vulcanizing agent 2 is 5% of the mass of the blowing slag; the flux 4 is limestone, and the addition amount of the flux 4 is 8% of the mass of the blowing slag; the reducing agent 2 is anthracite, and the addition amount of the reducing agent 2 is 9% of the mass of the blowing slag; the collector is diesel oil, and the consumption of the collector is 300g/t; the foaming agent is butanol, and the dosage of the foaming agent is 80g/t; the activator is Na 2 S, the dosage of the activator is 40g/t.
The method comprises the following steps of calculating ingredients, calculating material balance and calculating heat balance: in this example, the recovery rate of nickel was 79.76% and the recovery rate of cobalt was 68.28%.
From the data, the high-cobalt high-nickel matte product obtained by the method has high quality, and the high-cobalt high-nickel matte product obtained by the comparative example 1 has poor quality; the nickel recovery rate and the cobalt recovery rate in the method are high and are both more than or equal to 90 percent.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the scope of the invention, and that those skilled in the art will understand that the technical scheme of the invention may be modified or equally substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The method for treating the laterite-nickel ore by using the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: drying the laterite-nickel ore to enable the water content of the laterite-nickel ore to be 12% -23%;
s2: mixing the dried laterite-nickel ore, the vulcanizing agent 1, the flux 1 and the reducing agent 1, and pressing the mixture into balls to form laterite-nickel ore balls;
S3: smelting furnace burden consisting of laterite nickel ore balls, a vulcanizing agent 1, a reducing agent 1 and a flux 1 to obtain cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1, smelting slag and flue gas; after water quenching, adding a flux 2 into the low-cobalt and low-nickel matte 1 to enter a converting process, so as to obtain cobalt-rich and high-nickel matte, converting slag and flue gas;
s4: adding a flux 3 into the smelting slag, and then carrying out depletion separation to obtain cobalt-depleted low-nickel matte 2, electric furnace slag 1 and flue gas; the electric furnace slag 1 is subjected to crushing and grinding and then is subjected to floatation, and nickel-cobalt concentrate 1 and tailings 1 are obtained; magnetically separating the tailings 1 to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 1 and tailings 2; the lean cobalt low nickel matte 2, the nickel cobalt concentrate 1 and the nickel cobalt alloy 1 enter a converting process;
s5: adding a vulcanizing agent 2, a reducing agent 2 and a flux 4 into the converting slag, and then carrying out depletion separation to obtain cobalt-rich low-nickel-sulfur, electric furnace slag 2 and flue gas; the electric furnace slag 2 is subjected to crushing and grinding and then is subjected to floatation, and nickel-cobalt concentrate 2 and tailings 3 are obtained; magnetically separating the tailings 3 to obtain nickel-cobalt alloy 2 and tailings 4; the cobalt-rich low nickel sulfur, the nickel cobalt concentrate 2 and the nickel cobalt alloy 2 enter a converting process;
in the step S3, fuel, oxygen and compressed air are introduced during smelting, the purity of the oxygen is 90-98%, the volume concentration of the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air is 60-80%, the excess coefficient of the fuel is 75-90%, the total smelting coefficient is 76-100%, the smelting temperature is 1230-1600 ℃, and the fuel is at least one of natural gas, pulverized coal and heavy oil;
The dosage of the flux 2 is 2-11% of the mass of the ice nickel particles obtained after water quenching; the smelting slag comprises the following main chemical components: 0.15 to 0.6 percent of Ni, 0.006 to 0.01 percent of Co and 30 to 45 percent of Fe;
in the step S5, the temperature of dilution separation is 1250-1450 ℃, the flux 4 is limestone, and the mass of the flux 4 is 2-6% of the mass of the smelting slag; the vulcanizing agent 2 is at least one of gypsum, pyrite, sulfur and sulfur-containing minerals, and the mass of the vulcanizing agent 2 is 6% -13% of the mass of the converting slag; the reducing agent 2 is at least one of anthracite, coke, semi-coke and graphite powder, and the mass of the reducing agent 2 is 2-8% of the mass of the converting slag.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the following (a) - (d):
(a) The laterite-nickel ore comprises the following main chemical components: 0.6 to 3 percent of Ni, 0.01 to 1.1 percent of Co, 20 to 41 percent of Fe, 1.3 to 15 percent of MgO and SiO 2 10％～45％；
(b) The main chemical components of the cobalt-poor low-nickel matte 1 are as follows: 11 to 30 percent of Ni, 0.1 to 1.3 percent of Co, 35 to 63 percent of Fe and 6 to 28 percent of S;
(c) The main chemical components of the cobalt-rich high-nickel matte are as follows: 58-81% of Ni, 1.1-4.3% of Co and 8-15% of S;
(d) The main chemical components of the blowing slag are as follows: 1.3 to 2.4 percent of Ni, 0.06 to 0.27 percent of Co and 20 to 65 percent of Fe.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the sulfidizing agent 1 is at least one of gypsum, pyrite, sulfur, and sulfur-containing minerals; the flux 1 is at least one of limestone and quartz stone; the reducing agent 1 is at least one of anthracite, coke, semi-coke and graphite powder.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the vulcanizing agent 1 is 8 to 25% of the laterite-nickel ore by mass, the flux 1 is 3 to 15% of the laterite-nickel ore by mass, and the reducing agent 1 is 3 to 18% of the laterite-nickel ore by mass.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the vulcanizing agent 1 is 3 to 12% by mass of the laterite-nickel ore pellet, the flux 1 is 1 to 10% by mass of the laterite-nickel ore pellet, and the reducing agent 1 is 1 to 9% by mass of the laterite-nickel ore pellet.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the converting step S3, the blowing amount is 12000Nm 3 /h～30000Nm 3 And/h, converting at 1220-1330 ℃ for 1-2 h, wherein the flux 2 is quartz stone.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the temperature of the depletion separation is 1250 ℃ to 1450 ℃, the flux 3 is at least one of limestone and quartz, and the mass of the flux 3 is 2% to 6% of the mass of the smelting slag.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the flotation in step S4 and step S5 requires the addition of collectors, frothers and activators; the collecting agent is at least one of xanthate and black drug; the foaming agent is at least one of No. 2 oil, alcohol, methyl isobutyl carbinol and pinitol oil; the activator is Na 2 S。
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| PCT/CN2022/121029 WO2024026998A1 (en) | 2022-08-04 | 2022-09-23 | Method for treating laterite nickel ore by means of oxygen-enriched side blowing furnace |
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| CN116083737A (en) * | 2023-01-13 | 2023-05-09 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method and system for producing nickel matte by nickel-containing solid waste |
| CN116162804B (en) * | 2023-02-22 | 2023-12-12 | 浙江华友钴业股份有限公司 | Method for producing high nickel matte and molten iron from ferronickel |
| CN116024438B (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2023-10-20 | 浙江华友钴业股份有限公司 | Method for producing nickel product by using laterite-nickel ore |
| CN117460855A (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2024-01-26 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for preparing high nickel matte by combining ternary iron aluminum slag and laterite-nickel ore |
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