CN102518453A - Quick tunnel-entrance construction method for bias-pressure shallow-buried or single-pressure tilting arenaceous loess tunnels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technology of tunnel entrance construction, in particular to a quick tunnel-entrance construction method for bias-pressure shallow-buried or single-pressure tilting arenaceous loess tunnels, which solves problems that conventional construction methods are slow in tunnel entrance speed, long in period, high in cost and the like. The method includes: excavating an antislip retaining wall foundation and driving steel pipe piles on one side of a free face of an open-cut end of a tunnel; erecting low pilot steel arch frames in the antislip retaining wall foundation at intervals in advance and casting concrete to form an antislip retaining wall; erecting middle pilot steel arch frames and casting antislip retaining wall concrete; cutting and excavating upper pilot arch legs in a hidden hole end of the tunnel, supporting upper pilot steel arch frames which form a ring with the middle pilot steel arch frames; excavating upper pilot arch leg grooves and reserving upper pilot core soil; and excavating a middle pilot tunnel and a lower pilot tunnel after construction of an upper pilot tunnel, thereby forming three-step construction of the tunnel. The method has the advantages that side slope and up slope cutting or groove cutting earthwork is reduced, disturbance to loose loess slope soil is decreased, protective masonry is reduced, safety and reliability in construction are guaranteed, stressing of the tunnel structure is reasonable, construction efficiency is high, process is simple and construction speed is high.

Description

A kind of bias voltage shallow embedding or single inclination chiltern loess tunnel of pressing advance cavity construction method fast

Technical field

The present invention relates to the tunnel and advance the hole construction technology, be specially a kind of bias voltage shallow embedding or list and press inclination chiltern loess tunnel to advance cavity construction method fast.

Background technology

Known; The tunnel advance hole construction routine be earlier at the hole scope layering from top to bottom brush limit, face upward the slope and in time set anchor pole and hang the net combined bolting and shotcrete; Perhaps the mode of kerve is found out portal headwall position and is overlapped the arch supporting and advance hole construction, is guaranteeing that the hole is stable and having under the situation of certain cladding thickness to adopt the mode of arc guide on the excavation to advance the hole construction, and many practical experiences prove; It is to carry out slope, the former hillside of extensive damage body that this traditional tunnel advances cavity construction method; Vegetation destruction makes this destroy with regard to loose loess soil body surface constitutional balance, especially chiltern loess; Cause the limit to face upward the increase of sloping pretective acreage and protection bricklaying, cause the limit in addition, face upward the slope generation of tunnel portal engineering disease such as cave in.Because it is shallow embedding chiltern loess that tunnel portal enters the hole; Single pressure, sloping beam physical features and portal squint; Enter narrow tunnel, place, hole and advance hole construction,, will have following shortcoming if adopt traditional cavity construction method that advances: the limit, face upward brush slope, slope or the kerve earth volume very big; Increase the protection bricklaying, labour intensity is big, advance that hole speed is slow, long construction period, construction cost are high; Construction operation is more loaded down with trivial details, and tunnel structure is stressed unreasonable, and big to the body disturbance of loose loess slope, and construction safety hidden danger is big; In addition, cause the peripheral ground vegetation deterioration serious, environment pollution is big, does not meet the requirement of civilized construction.

Summary of the invention

Problems such as the present invention presses in order to solve bias voltage shallow embedding or single that inclination chiltern loess tunnel advances that the hole construction adopts that conventional construction method exists into that hole speed is slow, long construction period, construction cost height and environment pollution are big provide a kind of bias voltage shallow embedding or single inclination chiltern loess tunnel of pressing to advance cavity construction method fast.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: a kind of bias voltage shallow embedding or single inclination chiltern loess tunnel of pressing advance cavity construction method fast; May further comprise the steps: step 1, be in a side of open cut tunnel end free face in the tunnel; The measurement end absolute altitude of appearing; Press and lead this side antiskid barricade basis of the high excavation earlier of arch footmark, and in antiskid barricade basis, squeeze into steel pipe pile, reinforce free face; Step 2, will lead the steel bow member down and pay in advance at interval in antiskid barricade basis, length for the portal mileage in the excavation length range, concreting is as antiskid barricade basis; Step 3, lead the steel bow member in installing, with its with under lead the steel bow member and be connected, continue formwork erection and build antiskid barricade concrete, form the antiskid barricade, the outside is respectively with the earthen backfill compacting, simultaneously with guiding core earthen backfill moulding on this side in the antiskid barricade; Step 4, slotting tunneling be in dark hole end on lead arch springing; Lead the steel bow member on the supporting several Pin of elder generation, with in lead the steel bow member and form ring-type, and in time hang the net spray and establish concrete and form integral body; When on lead excavation Zhi Ligang bow member and touch when domatic, execute and do leading ductule supporting; Step 5, tunneling be in dark hole end on lead the arch springing groove, guiding core soil in the reservation by Pin construction drilling depth, is led into hole construction at every turn on forming; Step 6, on lead into the hole construction and accomplish 5m after, lead in the excavation, in lead advance a segment distance after excavation lead down, form tunnel three step construction, so far accomplish the tunnel and enter the hole and construct.

It is shallow embedding chiltern loess that the present invention advances the hole portal according to the tunnel, single pressure, sloping beam physical features and portal squint, and it is narrow to enter the place, hole; The characteristics of brush slope cubic metre of earth super large adopt and strengthen free face basis stress, adopt antiskid concrete steel pipe barricade; A side that makes the tunnel be in the open cut tunnel free face is in the antiskid effect; Opposing is single presses, and leads the job practices of early entering the hole in the formation, this method guarantee safety for tunnel engineering, environmental protection not aspect vegetation destruction and the protection effect obvious; Advanced technology is that the tradition construction is unmatch.

This method and conventional tunnel portal advance wide open digging and brush inverted arch, both sides side slope earlier, set anchor pole extension net spray anchor again, and perhaps kerve is executed to do to overlap and encircleed the hole relatively; Portal must not brushed earlier and face upward the slope, but reinforces free face, forms antiskid; The single pressure of opposing, inclination side pressure create the hole condition, have the following advantages:

1, significantly reduce the limit, face upward slope brush slope or kerve earth volume, reduce the bricklaying protection, make the hole section form construction ability as early as possible;

2, minimizing is to the disturbance of the loose chiltern loess slope soil body, and work progress is safe and reliable, makes tunnel structure stressed more reasonable;

3, boundary of works area is little, and it is stable to help the hole section, and efficiency of construction is high, and working procedure is simple, and speed of application is fast;

4, little and do not destroy ecology to tunnel peripheral ground vegetation deterioration, environment pollution is little, and environmental protection, civilized construction degree are high;

This method is suitable for the shallow embedding of railway tunnel bias voltage or single inclination loess tunnel portal of pressing advances the hole construction, also can be used for highway, the similar constructing tunnel of water conservancy project.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a work progress sketch map of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the plane structure sketch map of antiskid barricade according to the invention;

Fig. 3 is the facade structures sketch map of antiskid barricade according to the invention;

Fig. 4 is the layout plan of steel pipe pile in the antiskid barricade according to the invention;

Among the figure: 1-open cut tunnel end; The 2-steel pipe pile; Lead the steel bow member under the 3-; Lead the steel bow member among the 4-; The 5-backfill; The last guiding core soil of 6-; The dark hole of 7-end; The last steel bow member of leading of 8-; 9-is domatic; The leading ductule of 10-; The 11-reinforcing bar; 12-antiskid barricade.

The specific embodiment

A kind of bias voltage shallow embedding or single inclination chiltern loess tunnel of pressing advance cavity construction method fast, may further comprise the steps:

Step 1, be in a side of open cut tunnel end 1 free face in the tunnel, measure the end absolute altitude of appearing, press and lead this side antiskid barricade basis (promptly leading the basis down) of the high excavation earlier of arch footmark; And in antiskid barricade basis, squeeze into steel pipe pile 2, and reinforce free face, as shown in Figure 4; Steel pipe pile can adopt the long 3.5m steel pipe pile of Φ 150mm; Spacing 1m, quincuncial arrangement strengthens foundation stress;

Step 2, will lead steel bow member 3 down and pay in advance in antiskid barricade basis at interval; Lead steel bow member spacing under adjacent and can be 0.5m, length arrives in the excavation length range for the portal mileage, and concreting is as antiskid barricade basis; During practical implementation; 0.5m is received in the outside, barricade basis, is embedded in the antiskid barricade the inboard concrete cover 8cm of steel bow member with leading the steel bow member under the right side;

Step 3, lead steel bow member 4 in installing, with its with under lead steel bow member 3 and be connected, continue formwork erection build antiskid barricade concrete until on lead with in lead the connecting plate position; Actual based on the construction side pressure, barricade can continue to increase, and forms antiskid barricade 12; For on lead steel bow member Zhi Li and create conditions, the outside is respectively with backfill soil 5 compactings, simultaneously with the native 6 backfill moulding of guiding core on this side in the antiskid barricade; The wide 5m in antiskid barricade bottom, the structure wide for the bottom, that top is narrow, outside 1:0.25 receives the slope; Like Fig. 2, shown in 3, be the sketch map of antiskid barricade;

Step 4, slotting tunneling be in dark hole end 7 on lead arch springing, to reduce disturbance, lead steel bow member 8 on several Pin of first supporting to sloping body; With in lead the steel bow member and form ring-type, and in time hang the net spray and establish concrete and form integral body, when on lead excavation Zhi Ligang bow member and touch domatic 9 the time; Execute and do leading ductule 10 supportings, in the concrete construction, ductule can adopt Φ 42mm; L=6m, solid matter is laid;

Step 5, tunneling be in dark hole end on lead the arch springing groove, guiding core soil in the reservation by Pin construction drilling depth, is led into hole construction at every turn on forming;

Step 6, on lead into the hole construction and accomplish after, lead in the excavation, in lead advance 5m after excavation lead down, form tunnel three step construction, so far accomplish the tunnel and enter the hole and construct.

Case history:

Big standard to the Shuohuang Railway interconnection Shenhua accurate pond railway that this patent applicant of year in October, 2011 builds, tunnel, Shuozhou total length 11292m is the two-wire super long tunnel, is bias voltage shallow embedding or single inclination chiltern loess tunnel of pressing; If 5 inclined shafts with import and export totally 7 operation work area tunneling constructions, 19.1 months contract durations, the duration is tight; Security risk is big, closes on wild goose north again and goes into operation high and cold district's teletostage, for satisfying the tunnel safety normal construction; Realized early advancing the hole construction before teletostage, in the construction successful Application the method for the invention, solved the tunnel to greatest extent and entered the limit, hole, face upward brush side, slope and measure the super large problem; Reduce the protection bricklaying, practiced thrift cost, through comparing; Advance the hole method than the big pipe shed method advance support of Φ 108mm and reduce expenses 780,000 yuan, saved time 20 days than excavation kerve earthwork construction method, economic and social benefit is obvious.Facts have proved that through construction the method for the invention is most effective at present, the hole method is advanced in the construction that cost is minimum.

Claims (1)

1. a bias voltage shallow embedding or single inclination chiltern loess tunnel of pressing advance cavity construction method fast, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:

Step 1, be in a side of open cut tunnel end (1) free face in the tunnel, measure the end absolute altitude of appearing, press and lead this side antiskid barricade basis of the high excavation earlier of arch footmark, and in antiskid barricade basis, squeeze into steel pipe pile (2), reinforce free face;

Step 2, will lead steel bow member (3) down and pay in advance in antiskid barricade basis at interval, length for the portal mileage in the excavation length range, concreting is as the antiskid barricade;

Step 3, lead steel bow member (4) in installing; With its with under lead steel bow member (3) and be connected, continue formwork erection and build antiskid barricade concrete, form antiskid barricade (12); Backfill (5) compacting is used in the outside respectively in the antiskid barricade, simultaneously with guiding core soil (6) backfill moulding on this side;

Step 4, slotting tunneling be in dark hole end (7) on lead arch springing; Lead steel bow member (8) on several Pin of elder generation's supporting; With in lead the steel bow member and form ring-type; And in time hang the net spray and establish concrete and form integral body, when on lead excavation Zhi Ligang bow member when touching domatic (9), execute and do leading ductule (10) supporting;

Step 5, tunneling be in dark hole end on lead the arch springing groove, guiding core soil in the reservation by Pin construction drilling depth, is led into hole construction at every turn on forming;

Step 6, on lead into the hole construction and accomplish after, lead in the excavation, in lead advance a segment distance after excavation lead down, form tunnel three step construction, so far accomplish the tunnel and enter the hole and construct.

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