CN102499126A - Culturing method of nibea albiflora - Google Patents
Culturing method of nibea albiflora Download PDFInfo
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- CN102499126A CN102499126A CN2011103079276A CN201110307927A CN102499126A CN 102499126 A CN102499126 A CN 102499126A CN 2011103079276 A CN2011103079276 A CN 2011103079276A CN 201110307927 A CN201110307927 A CN 201110307927A CN 102499126 A CN102499126 A CN 102499126A
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- spotted maigre
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention provides a culturing method of nibea albiflora. The method comprises the following steps: treating frozen nibea albiflora in bait with formalin (20-50 mg/L) dipping bath for 4 to 6 minutes; controlling the feeding amount according to the weight of the nibea albiflora and controlling the culture density according to the weight of the nibea albiflora when mixed feed is used; performing regular medicated bath with seawater solution of mixture with the mass ratio of copper sulfate to ferrous sulfate of 7 to 3; reinforcing clean equipment, removing sludge at the bottom of a pool, and changing water to play the roles of killing amyloodinium ocellatum spores, removing pool water eutrophication generation conditions and eliminating a possibly existing amyloodinium ocellatum spreading source when the temperature of aquatic water exceeds 22 DEG C. Therefore, spreading of amyloodinium ocellatum is cut off, and propagation of the amyloodinium ocellatum is inhibited. Compared with the prior art, regarding the characteristics in nibea albiflora culture, the invention provides the culturing method of nibea albiflora capable of preventing occurrence and spreading of amyloodinium ocellatum disease, and the occurrence rate of the amyloodinium ocellatum disease is reduced to 20 percent of the previous occurrence rate after the method is used.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the cultural method of a kind of spotted maigre, belongs to the cultural technique field of fish in the essential agricultural of human lives.
Background technology
Spotted maigre (Nibea albiflora) is commonly called as yellow mother-in-law chicken, belongs to Perciformes, Sciaenidae, and Nibea for following water layer fish in the coastal waters, mainly is distributed in coastal area of china, the Korea peninsula and Japanese south sea area.The spotted maigre delicious meat, nutritious, very popular.At present,, carried out large-scale artificial breeding and breed, and be a kind of principal disease during spotted maigre is propagated artificially by the parasitogenic disease of starch ovum dinoflagellate for guaranteeing the supply of spotted maigre on market.The fish disease that amyloodiniosis is a kind of extensive distribution, lethal is very strong, as can not finding timely and take measures, pathogene will be propagated fast, and then causes the mortality of spotted maigre, causes very big economic loss to the raiser.
Starch ovum dinoflagellate resembles a pear in shape or is spherical; One end has many elongated retractable sufficient shape rhizoids, how stretches into fish soma with this rhizoid and parasitizes on the body surface or the gill filament of fish, does not move behind the parasitism; And can stimulate epidermal cell to secrete a large amount of mucus, form velvety hickie.Be anaemia or hyperemia or the gill filament by the gill of parasitic fish and become club-like, can cause fish to suffocate or die of exhaustion.Be divided into three phases the history of life of starch ovum dinoflagellate; The parasitic stage is a trophozoite; From the parasitism tissue, come off after the trophozoite maturation, get into the sporangiocyst body stage with cyst wall, the sporangiocyst body splits propagation through born of the same parents; Final entering has the spore stage of infection ability, and each sporangiocyst can form nearly 256 spores.The length in the cycle history of life of starch ovum dinoflagellate is relevant with temperature, and the cycle history of life is 3～5 days when 22～25 ℃ water temperature.Starch ovum dinoflagellate is propagated through spore, and seawater can be passed through in the route of transmission, drop is propagated, and can also wait through people, net and the breed instrument that contact is arranged and propagate.In the 6～September in every year, water temperature rises to more than 23 ℃, reaches the temperature that is suitable for the breeding of starch ovum dinoflagellate, and bringing into or growing of spore just becomes possibility, adds that cross-infection makes the quick propagation of starch ovum dinoflagellate and spreads.
Chinese herding encyclopaedia net (baike.chinabreed.com) is gone up and to be proposed prevention method in the contained article " Prevention Technique of amyloodiniosis in
fish artificial breeding ": for " 1, when throwing something and feeding copepoda, strict sterilization.With 20～50 * 10
-6About formalin dipping bath 5min, the instrument of growing seedlings also will be noted sterilization.2, keep suitable young postlarva density in the nursery pond, must guard against overstocked putting in a suitable place to breed.3, between nursery stage, conscientiously do at the bottom of the pond soil pick-up well and change water, to keep water quality pure and fresh." point out in another contained article of same website " large yellow Crocker amyloodiniosis symptom and prevent and treat method " method of preventing and treating for " 1, with 1.0～1.5 * 10
-5Copper sulphate freshwater soaking 10～15 minutes, continuous 4 days.2, splash with copper sulphate and ferrous sulfate (5: 2) mixture, make its concentration in water reach 1.0 * 10
-6, continuous 4 days.3, with the sick fish of freshwater soaking 5～10 minutes, repeated again 1 time at a distance from 3～4 days.”
But the above-mentioned said method of preventing and treating can not directly be diverted from one use to another in the breed of spotted maigre the control of amyloodiniosis, therefore, propagating artificially in the process of spotted maigre, amyloodiniosis is carried out effectively preventing become the problem that presses for solution.
Summary of the invention
To above-mentioned deficiency, the present invention is exactly the cultural method of a kind of spotted maigre that will propose to reach significant control to the generation and the propagation of amyloodiniosis.
The cultural method of spotted maigre provided by the invention comprises bait feeding and to the management of breeding water body, wherein:
(1), the bait of throwing something and feeding: bait be freezing fish earlier with 20～50mg/L formalin dipping bath, 4～6min; Bait is manufactured feed, and body weight is the spotted maigre of 10～100g, and daily ration, feeding quantity is 5～8% of a body weight, and body weight is the spotted maigre of 100～300g, and daily ration, feeding quantity is 4～7% of a body weight, and body weight is the spotted maigre of 300～500g, and daily ration, feeding quantity is 3～6% of a body weight;
(2), cultivation density: body weight is the spotted maigre of 10～100g, and cultivation density is controlled at 80～800 tails/m
3Body weight is the spotted maigre of 100～300g, and cultivation density is controlled at 30～80 tails/m
3Body weight is the spotted maigre of 300～500g, and cultivation density is controlled at 25～40 tails/m
3
(3), dipping regularly: every separated 10d carries out once, and use copper sulphate: the mass ratio of ferrous sulfate is the sea water solution of 7: 3 mixture, and full pool spilling head, using dosage are that mixture content is reached for 0.5g/m in the culturing pool body
3
(4), special: as when the temperature of breeding water body surpasses 22 ℃, equipment that morning and evening every day, twice cleaning contact with water body and removal pool bottom sludge, to change water 80～100%; The 24h inflation, the dissolved oxygen in the maintenance breeding water body is more than 6.0mg/L.
The cultural method of spotted maigre provided by the invention, the feeding volume through control cultivation density and bait is to eliminate the generation condition of pond water eutrophication, the breeding of inhibition starch ovum dinoflagellate.Simultaneously to the freezing fish disinfection in the bait to kill starch ovum dinoflagellate spore.In addition, strengthen sanitation and hygiene when the temperature of dipping regularly and breeding water body surpasses 22 ℃, can cut off the propagation of starch ovum dinoflagellate equally and suppress its breeding.Compared with prior art, the present invention is directed to the characteristics of spotted maigre in culturing, proposed a kind ofly can prevent and treat that amyloodiniosis takes place and the cultural method of the spotted maigre of propagating, use the incidence of amyloodiniosis after this method to be reduced to original 20%.The diagnosis of this disease detects through live body confirms that method is with the direction clip fritter gill filament of little scissors along the gill cover, is put into immediately on the slide, splashes into a seawater then, and covered is observed with light microscope (40 *).
The cultural method of spotted maigre provided by the invention is respectively cultured distance between the pond more than 3m in the same breed place, and respectively cultures pond adapted nest, and the footwear that the personnel that are provided with between each pond dress and the sterilization pool of gloves are to prevent cross-infection.
Once clean the equipment that contacts with water body after the said dipping during 10h and remove pool bottom sludge and change water 100%.Dipping only can make starch ovum dinoflagellate trophozoite in the parasitism tissue, come off, and can not kill the sporangiocyst body, therefore, with seawater with in the water body and starch ovum dinoflagellate trophozoite and sporangiocyst body on the pool wall etc. wash away.
The cultural method of spotted maigre provided by the invention; Culture the pond and adopt the operation of miniflow water; Promptly culture the pond and remain the Inlet and outlet water of flow,, weaken the breeding condition of starch ovum dinoflagellate and prevent to catch an illness spotted maigre owing to anoxic is died to keep the pure and fresh of water quality at 6～12/min.
In find culturing the pond, behind the ill fish, at first to isolate, be about in this pond spotted maigre and transfer with other and culture the pond distance in the breed pond more than 3 meters this pond spotted maigre, and independent adapted nest and use the potassium permanganate soaking disinfection every day; Simultaneously, to this pond splash copper sulphate and ferrous sulfate mixture sea water solution, wherein copper sulphate and ferrous sulfate are 7: 3 mixed by mass ratio, and using dosage is that mixture content is reached for 1g/m in the culturing pool body
3Once clean equipment and the removal pool bottom sludge that contacts with water body when splashing back 10h and change water 100%, carry out 4d continuously.
Embodiment
The example 1, coastal certain plant carries out in Zhejiang Province, for the spotted maigre amyloodiniosis is prevented and treated, adopts following cultural method:
One, the prevention of starch ovum dinoflagellate
1, bait control
In propagating process artificially, will be for freezing fish earlier with throwing something and feeding again about 30mg/L formalin dipping bath 5min.For manufactured feed, the spotted maigre of body weight 10～100 gram scopes, daily ration, feeding quantity 5～8%; The spotted maigre of body weight 100～300 gram scopes, daily ration, feeding quantity 4～7%; The spotted maigre of body weight 300～500 gram scopes, daily ration, feeding quantity 3～6%, daily ration, feeding quantity are the mass percent of manufactured feed and spotted maigre body weight.
2, the adjustment of cultivation density
In breeding process, according to the different body weight of spotted maigre, different cultivation densities is set, standard is: the spotted maigre of body weight in 10～100g scope, stocking density are 80～800 tails/m
3The spotted maigre of body weight in 100～300g scope, stocking density are 30～80 tails/m
3The spotted maigre of body weight in 300～500g scope, stocking density are 25～40 tails/m
3
3, periodically dipping
To the spotted maigre of propagating artificially, every separated 10d carries out a dipping, prevents growing of starch ovum dinoflagellate.Adopt copper sulphate and mixture of ferrous sulfate (7: 3), with seawater in Plastic Drum mixed even after, full pool spilling head is pressed every m
3Contain the 0.5g mixture in the culturing pool body and calculate mixture usage amount and preparation seawater amount.
4, regulating and controlling water quality
When the temperature of breeding water body surpasses 22 ℃; Every morning 7 wiping breeding waters mud sump pool wall and tracheae, close then gas with suction pipe to the pond at the bottom of soil pick-up, change water 80～100%; At 4 in afternoon again to soil pick-up at the bottom of the pond once; And change water 80～100%, and the 24h inflation, the dissolved oxygen of breeding water is about 6.3mg/L.
Two, the treatment of amyloodiniosis
In propagating process artificially, spotted maigre is carried out periodic live body detect.When live body detects, use the direction clip fritter gill filament of little scissors carefully, be put on the slide immediately along the gill cover; Splash into a seawater then, covered is observed with light microscope (40 *); For the individuality of death, clip piece of tissue immediately, microscopy is carried out in the same operation.When confirming that through microscopy or observation the spotted maigre infection has amyloodiniosis, handle as follows:
1, isolates
Whole pond spotted maigre to pathogen infection isolates; Making its spotted maigre with pathogen infection not culture the pond distance remains on more than 3 meters; And the spotted maigre that infects is used the special breed instrument of a cover separately, and soak breed instrument with potassium permanganate every day, prevents cross-infection.
2, dipping
To infecting the spotted maigre of amyloodiniosis, adopt copper sulphate and mixture of ferrous sulfate to treat, according to copper sulphate and 7: 3 mixed of ferrous sulfate, using dosage is by every m
3Contain the 1g mixture in the culturing pool body and calculate mixture usage amount and preparation seawater amount.Behind the good copper sulphate of volume weighing and ferrous sulfate according to breeding water body, in bucket, mix with sea water solution, splash uniformly on the surface of water body, the dipping time is 10h, uses continuously 4 days.Behind dipping 10h, change water immediately, and culture at the bottom of the pond in pond with seawater flushing and pool wall, starch ovum dinoflagellate trophozoite and sporangiocyst body in the water body are washed away.
3, stream treatment
Adopt miniflow water to culture, the controlled water flow flow is 10L/min, keeps the pure and fresh of water quality, and the spotted maigre of the pathogene of protecting from infection is because anoxic and dead.
Three, curative effect
Through said method, dodge the propagating artificially in the process of test site spotted maigre in the west, the probability of happening of spotted maigre amyloodiniosis reduces greatly.Amyloodiniosis takes place when not adopting this law altogether 5 times, during generation in the breed pond of pathogen infection the lethality of spotted maigre all about 60%, and after adopting this law; Only take place 1 time, after discovery has amyloodiniosis, adopt this law to handle; After handling four days, amyloodiniosis is well controlled, equal pathogen-free domestic in the microscopy gill filament or the body surface organization; 600 tail spotted maigres in the pond wherein, only dead 18 tails, all the other are all normal.
Example 2, be further to reduce that spotted maigre infects amyloodiniosis in breeding process, culturing the pond when building, apart from more than 3m, each pond configure dedicated equipment is not used with between each pond.Foot-operated sterilization pool is being set, passing footwear and gloves or the hand of all will sterilizing of the personnel that stipulate between each pond on the walking passage.Carry out dipping 10h (behind the mixture solution 10h that promptly splashes) back at every turn water is cleaned and changes in full pond, and except that the dipping time, adopting miniflow water to culture, promptly remaining each pond has the fresh seawater of 6～12L/min to inject and the Chen Shui discharge.
Claims (4)
1. the cultural method of a spotted maigre comprises bait feeding and to the management of breeding water body, and it is characterized in that has following measure for bait feeding with to the management of breeding water body:
(1), the bait of throwing something and feeding: bait be freezing fish earlier with 20～50mg/L formalin dipping bath, 4～6min; Bait is manufactured feed, and body weight is the spotted maigre of 10～100g, and daily ration, feeding quantity is 5～8% of a body weight, and body weight is the spotted maigre of 100～300g, and daily ration, feeding quantity is 4～7% of a body weight, and body weight is the spotted maigre of 300～500g, and daily ration, feeding quantity is 3～6% of a body weight;
(2), cultivation density: body weight is the spotted maigre of 10～100g, and cultivation density is controlled at 80～800 tails/m
3Body weight is the spotted maigre of 100～300g, and cultivation density is controlled at 30～80 tails/m
3Body weight is the spotted maigre of 300～500g, and cultivation density is controlled at 25～40 tails/m
3
(3), dipping regularly: every separated 10d carries out once, and use copper sulphate: the mass ratio of ferrous sulfate is the sea water solution of 7: 3 mixture, and full pool spilling head, using dosage are that mixture content is reached for 0.5g/m in the culturing pool body
3
(4), special: as when the temperature of breeding water body surpasses 22 ℃, equipment that morning and evening every day, twice cleaning contact with water body and removal pool bottom sludge, to change water 80～100%; The 24h inflation, the dissolved oxygen in the maintenance breeding water body is more than 6.0mg/L.
2. the cultural method of spotted maigre as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that respectively culturing distance between the pond more than 3m in the same breed place, and respectively cultures pond adapted nest, the footwear that the personnel that are provided with between each pond dress and the sterilization pool of gloves.
3. the cultural method of spotted maigre as claimed in claim 1 once cleans the equipment that contacts with water body and removes pool bottom sludge and change water 100% when it is characterized in that 10h after the said dipping.
4. the cultural method of spotted maigre as claimed in claim 1, its characteristic are cultured pond and are adopted the operation of miniflow water, promptly culture the pond and remain the Inlet and outlet water of flow at 6～12/min.
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| CN2011103079276A CN102499126A (en) | 2011-10-12 | 2011-10-12 | Culturing method of nibea albiflora |
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| CN2011103079276A CN102499126A (en) | 2011-10-12 | 2011-10-12 | Culturing method of nibea albiflora |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105918163A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-09-07 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Prevention and treatment method for Cryptocaryon irritans disease in silver pomfret |
| CN105961233A (en) * | 2016-04-30 | 2016-09-28 | 中山市智凝生物科技有限公司 | Nibea albiflora culture method |
| CN110896897A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-24 | 宁波大学 | Efficient prevention and treatment method for pomfret amylooococcineosis |
Citations (1)
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| CN101292636A (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2008-10-29 | 浙江海洋学院海洋与渔业研究所 | Method for cage culture of spotted maigre |
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2011
- 2011-10-12 CN CN2011103079276A patent/CN102499126A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101292636A (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2008-10-29 | 浙江海洋学院海洋与渔业研究所 | Method for cage culture of spotted maigre |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105918163A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-09-07 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Prevention and treatment method for Cryptocaryon irritans disease in silver pomfret |
| CN105918163B (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2019-03-22 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | A kind of control method of silvery pomfret stimulation cryptocaryoniosis |
| CN105961233A (en) * | 2016-04-30 | 2016-09-28 | 中山市智凝生物科技有限公司 | Nibea albiflora culture method |
| CN110896897A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-24 | 宁波大学 | Efficient prevention and treatment method for pomfret amylooococcineosis |
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Application publication date: 20120620 |