CN102498886A

CN102498886A - Method for hydroponic culture by using stalks under net in greenhouse

Info

Publication number: CN102498886A
Application number: CN2011103481226A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 丁志强; 李红
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-11-07
Filing date: 2011-11-07
Publication date: 2012-06-20
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-07
Also published as: CN102498886B

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for hydroponic culture by using stalks under net in greenhouse, in particular to a method for hydroponic culture for hydroponic culture by using stalks under net in greenhouse under the condition of facility cultivation. The method comprises the following eight links: sunlight greenhouse construction, shallow pond lotus standardization pond construction, formula balanced fertilization, shallow pond lotus plant, stalk coverage and net fixing, shallow pond lotus management, hydroponic harvest, and storage and sales. The sunlight greenhouse shallow pond lotus cultivation can be appeared on the market in advance or later according to a market situation, so that not only is yield improved, but also the benefit is increased; a shallow pond is constructed for cultivating the shallow pond lotus, so that water and electricity can be saved, and the management and the harvest are favored; by using the method, stalk burning and the CO2 emission can be prevented, the resource advantage is integrated, the reutilization of agricultural wastes is promoted, the environment pollution is reduced, the labor and the effort are saved, the production and the income are increased, the harvest is favored, the yield and the quality of the shallow pond lotus are improved, and the economical and ecological benefits are obvious; and the yield of 666.67 m<2> is more than 4,800kg, so that not only is the yield high, but also the appearance in the market in advance or later is carried out according to the market situation, and the benefit is good.

Description

Shallow pond, greenhouse lotus root stalk hydromining off the net cultivation method

Technical field

The invention belongs to the aquatic vegetable new cultivation technology of installment agriculture growth technical field, relate in particular to shallow pond, a kind of greenhouse lotus root stalk hydromining off the net cultivation method.

Background technology

Lotus rhizome is called for short lotus, and another name lotus dish, lotus lotus root etc. originate from China, and historical more than 3000 year of plantation is very aquatic widely economic crops of a kind of purposes, and it not only can be edible, and is medicinal, and still one of China's ten big famous flowers are liked by broad masses of the people deeply.China eats the lotus rhizome of cultivation, can be divided into two big types: the first kind is that lotus root is with planting.Its rhizome is loose, crust white, and meat is tender and crisp, and it is sweet to distinguish the flavor of, and output is high, and the knot lotus seeds are few; Second type is lotus usefulness kind, the lotus seeds of mainly gathering.As edible the kind with the lotus root use of vegetables is main.Nutrition: contain several mineral materials such as lot of starch, protein, Cobastab, vitamin C, fat, carbohydrate and calcium, phosphorus, iron, meat fertilizer is tender, and is fair and clear round as a ball, and mouthfeel is sweet crisp, eats raw to match in excellence or beauty with pears.The traditional Chinese medical science thinks, eats lotus root raw and can cool blood looses and become silted up, and prepared food can the bushing kidney-nourishing, has the effect of nourishing yin and nourishing blood, void that can tonifying five zang organs, strong muscles and bones, blood-supplementing blood-nourishing.Lotus rhizome can be rated as men and women, old and young's health food of summer and autumn.The contained nutrient component of per 100 gram lotus rhizomes is following: heat 70.0C, carbohydrate 16.4g, fatty 0.2g, protein 1.9g, cellulose 1.2g, 3-Hydroxyretinol .0ug, vitamin C 44.0mg, vitamin E 0.73mg, carotene 20.0ug, thiamine 0.09mg, vitamin b3 0.03mg, nicotinic acid 0.3mg, magnesium 19.0mg, calcium 39.0mg, iron 1.4mg, zinc 0.23mg, copper 0.11mg, manganese 1.3mg, potassium 243.0mg, phosphorus 58.0mg, sodium 44.2mg, selenium (microgram) 0.39mg.In tubers food, the lotus rhizome iron-holder is higher, so rather suitable to the patient of hypoferric anemia.The sugar content of lotus rhizome is not very very high, contains a large amount of vitamin Cs and food fiber again, and all have the people of disease of weakness all ten minutes is useful for hepatopathy, constipation, diabetes etc.Lotus rhizome rich vitamins C and raw fiber can help digest, prevent constipation, can supply with carbohydrate and trace element that human body needs again, prevent arteriosclerosis, improve blood circulation, are of value to healthy.General recommendations is the eat three times lotus rhizome weekly, and it is best that effect is eaten in dinner, and lotus rhizome is stewed soup with big white peas or beans, can improve the sleep quality after eating.The abundant nutrition of lotus rhizome makes people plant with breed of variety especially to favor.

The lotus rhizome whole body is precious, and its root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit all have economic worth.Except lotus root and lotus seeds were edible, pollen, lotus leaf, lotus core etc. also can be made dish or beverage and health food.In the lotus root general starch-containing 10～20%; Protein 1～2%, starch in the lotus seeds and protein content is respectively up to 40～50% and 19～22%, and all contains multivitamin; Be good aquatic vegetable and non-staple foodstuff good merchantable brand, can eat raw, prepared food, processing canning, make preserved fruit and lotus root starch etc.Product is storage tolerance and transportation relatively, at home and abroad has a great sale on the market, is the important goods of foreign exchange earning.Lotus rhizome still is a traditional Chinese medical science medicine commonly used, and rhizoma nelumbinis, lotus root, lotus core, petal, stamen, lotus leaf etc. all can be used as medicine.Lotus, because of gorgeous colourful, the graceful delicate fragrance of her flower, leaf, the important vegetable material that the Chang Zuowei water scenery is arranged in classical Chinese garden.

Lotus rhizome distributes very wide in China; Aboundresources, the earth all has its trace to Hainan Island from the shore of Dong Hai to the Tibet plateau from northeast; The cultivation main producing region is in the Yangtze river basin and the Yellow River and Huai He River basin; Cultivated area so that economize in Hubei, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong etc. is maximum, estimates national area under cultivation at present at 50～700,000 hm2, and Hubei Province's area under cultivation is at 90,000 hm ²About, from now on, along with the development and use of vast region of rivers and lakes lakeshore resource, the adjustment of the structure of rural undertaking and further opening, the lotus rhizome production and selling of China will obtain new development and raising.

According to different foundations, can lotus rhizome be divided into different types: with main cultivation purpose is foundation, and lotus rhizome can be divided into Hua Lian, seed lotus and lotus root lotus three major types type; To see flower is that purpose is called Hua Lian; With the lotus seed of gathering is that purpose is called the seed lotus; With the loose underground root-like stock of gathering is that purpose is called the lotus root lotus, is also referred to as lotus rhizome, lotus dish, lotus root etc. usually.With the suitable cultivation depth of water is foundation: be divided into two types, one type is the shallow water lotus root, refers to cultivate the suitable depth of water and be 5～50 centimetres kind; One type is the deep water lotus root, refers to cultivate the suitable depth of water and be 50～100 centimetres kind.In addition, also can according to ripe property be divided into precocious type, in ripe type, late-maturing type or the like.

Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province Yicheng District (ancient title: the Yi county) from since Jia canal (canal, the Tai Er village-Zaozhuang, canal, Hangzhoupro, capital section) is arranged, the custom of cultivation shallow water lotus root has just been arranged, nearly 500 years history arranged apart from modern.Cross in the Yi border of the county in You Yu Jia canal, and water resource is abundant, and just there has been the custom of plantation lotus root the two sides, canal, and the custom of having planted the shallow water lotus root is just innovated for the using water wisely peasant in the village far away from the canal.Deep water lotus root, field, shallow water lotus root field in flakes, green leaf connects day, lotus shines red, croaking of a frog is heard fragrantly, has produced the famous He Xiang that enjoys fleeting fame--the ancient Shao Zhen of Yicheng District.

The inventor in 1991 leads group of people and stays the shallow water lotus root planting habit that village (the ancient Cao Shao Zhen Hu Yuancun of Zaozhuang City's Yicheng District) has recovered to shelve five, six years, has summed up some planting technologies, becomes bright spot agricultural at that time.

Ancient Shao of Zaozhuang City Yicheng District Town Government had implemented " the lotus root construction of base of shallow pond " project in 2006: ancient Shao Zhen is located in south of Yicheng District, and the border is worn and mistake in Grand Canal, Hangzhoupro, capital, mu surplus the total canal beach 10,000.Town party committee, government are according to the edge fortune beach reality that flood season, easy waterlogging was caused disaster; The plantation of development shallow pond lotus root as the in-depth structural adjustment, widen the important behave that increases income channel and grab; Drive, serve the policy of promotion and policy pulling according to market priming, typical case; Through organizing the member of party and government, government functionary, Yan Yun village branch secretary and peasant to represent ground visiting and learning such as mountain booth, Tengzhou and Xue Cheng, effectively excited enthusiasm and the resolution of cadres and masses to the exploitation of shallow pond lotus root.Be pilot with big Zaozhuang village in advance, invest 3,000,000 yuan, 300 in construction criteria lotus root pond; Aquatic products research institute introduces 200,000 jin of high yield and high quality " celestial beautiful lotus No. 2, No. 3 " new varieties from Beijing, and unified planning in the town, unification design, unified construction, unified purchasing are planted and unified cultivation management, to 2000 yuan of each lotus root pond subsidies; And help peasant household to coordinate loan; Pond lotus root good harvest last year surplus the mu income reaches 10,000 yuan, has obtained city, the main leader's in district abundant affirmation.The town has set up shallow pond lotus root plantation association in good time, has registered " fortune He Lian " the shallow pond of board lotus root trade mark, declaration national greening food.

2007, the ancient Shao Zhen of Zaozhuang City's Yicheng District party committee combined the shallow pond of development lotus root with development ecological agriculture sightseeing base, canal, newly expand 1000 mu of cultivated areas, plans 2010, develops 10000 mu of shallow pond lotus root areas.Engage to economize tourism planning design and research institute and rely on lotus root base, shallow pond high standard to plan " ancient fortune ecological agriculture sightseeing garden, lotus township ", and the investment of trade and investment promotion Zaozhuang Bo Rui Co., Ltd builds, put forth effort to make the southern Shandong ecological agriculture new base of going sightseeing.

The ancient fortune of ancient Shao Zhen lotus in 2008 township's ecological agriculture sightseeing garden gross investment has reached more than 2,000 ten thousand yuan, develops more than 2000 mu of shallow pond lotus root, all fine quality such as plantation " celestial beautiful lotus No. 2 ", " celestial beautiful lotus No. 3 ", " space lotus "; Registered " canal lotus " board trade mark in State Bureau for Industrial and Commercial Administration, be chosen as " 3A " level pollution-free food, declared organic food the same year again by the national Ministry of Agriculture; For producing organic food, formulated organic lotus root standardized production technology in the town, require travelling trader (or peasant household) fully by standard production; Inaccurate agricultural chemicals, the chemical fertilizer of using more can not use banned pesticides, in case find through " electronic eyes "; In time correct, stop to plant the family and manage in violation of rules and regulations.

At present, shallow pond lotus root becomes the important vegetables industry of Shandong Province, and all there is development in various degree the whole province various places.

China's custom of the shallow pond of plantation lotus root at present is surging forward, and the coastal area is planted shallow pond lotus root and seemed particularly extensive, technology maturation because water resource is abundant.

But, adopt but not appearing in the newspapers of the shallow pond of greenhouse by solar heat lotus root stalk cultivation off the net hydromining method, especially north cold area adopts also having never heard of of the inventive method.

Main body of the present invention is the shallow pond lotus root stalk hydromining off the net cultivation method under the facility cultivation condition, comprising: greenhouse by solar heat is built, the pond is built in the lotus root standardization of shallow pond, balance formula fertilising, the plantation of shallow pond lotus root, stalk cover the button net, 8 links are sold in the management of shallow pond lotus root, hydromining results, storage.

Application number is 90105594.8, the applying date is November 10 nineteen ninety, and the day for announcing is that on 05 27th, 1992, denomination of invention have been illustrated a kind of cultivation technique of lotus roots for the patent of " cultivation technique of lotus roots " and belonged to the aquatic plant cultivation method.This patent has changed lotus seed grows seedlings and plants the tradition value of planting method that lotus root is planted, and adopts two joints or the above main lotus root whip of two joints that have upright leaf to plant, and this method has not only prolonged and can plant the time; And postpone and planting, improved working condition, get kind of an amount simultaneously and increase considerably; Improved efficiency; Labour intensity also reduces greatly, and the survival rate of planting is planted identically with kind of a lotus root again, is a kind of cost-effective method for planting that is worthy to be popularized.

Application number is 99120633.9, the applying date is on December 22nd, 1999; The day for announcing is that a kind of lotus rhizome virus-elimination seedlings method of breeding has fast been illustrated for the patent of " a kind of lotus rhizome virus-elimination seedlings is the method for breeding fast " on 07 05th, 2000, denomination of invention, belongs to the vegetable seedling production technical field.Be exclusively used in the quick breeding of lotus rhizome virus-elimination seedlings.Comprise: getting the lotus rhizome stem apex is explant, is seeded in additional: the MS of 0.01-8.0mg/l6-BA or ZRs and 0-10mg/lNAA or B ₅In the medium, behind cultivation 60-80d, get test-tube plantlet band joint position and carry out successive transfer culture: 0.01-6.4mg/l6-BA, 0-8.0mg/lNAA, the MS or the B of 30-100g/l sugar ₅In the medium, 30-60d can form a large amount of test-tube plantlets and transfer in additional 0.01-4.0mg/l6-BA, 1.0-20.0mg/lNAA, the MS or the B of 30-150mg/l sugar ₅In the medium, can form a large amount of root systems behind 20-50d, cultivate transplantation of seedlings field survival rate and reach more than 80%.The detoxic seedling growing way is healthy and vigorous, and detoxification efficiency is good, is fit to factorial seedling growth, but commercialization production.

The patent No. is ZL 02135607.6, the applying date to be on 09 27th, 2002; The day for announcing, to be on 04 30th, 2003, denomination of invention related to agriculture field for the patent of " culture technique of green xerophyte lotus root "; A kind of culture technique of green xerophyte lotus root particularly adopts following steps: (1), set up antiseep lotus root pond, the mixture of the mellow soil of 30～40 cm thicks that tile and fertilizer, dregs of beans in lotus root the pond in; Pour into pollution-free underground water then, make the lotus root pool inner water remain on 7～10 centimetres deeply; (2), after grain rains, plant, select high-quality kind lotus root, every mu of lotus root field of planting density is with 5000～6000 kilograms of kind lotus roots, 2～3 meters of line-spacings; (3), at the growth of seedling phase of non-irrigated lotus root and assimilation organ growing period, often remove pasture and water, time lotus root, pluck floating leaf, windproof; (4), becoming lotus root period, keep dark 10～15 centimetres of lotus root pool inner water, prevention aphid and lotus root maggot; (5), the winter management in lotus root pond, evenly replenish fertilizer, pour water to the lotus root pool inner water dark 25～30 centimetres then.The present invention has changed the growing environment of lotus rhizome in the past, overcome in its management be difficult for fertilising, wayward ground temperature water temperature, yield poorly, inferior defective, the lotus rhizome output height of plantation, quality better.

The patent No. is ZL 02115461.9, the applying date to be on 01 24th, 2002; The day for announcing, to be on 08 06th, 2003, denomination of invention disclosed a kind of at agriculture field for the patent of " double-crop cultivation method of lotus rhizome "; Particularly disclose a kind of double-crop cultivation method of lotus rhizome, mainly solved lotus root field availability and all very low deficiency of lotus root output in the existing culture technique.The key takeaway of this method is the digging opportunity that changes lotus rhizome: the coach's growing kind of lotus root is in the process of bright lotus root; When bright lotus root is expanded the shaping phase when accomplishing, just last second of coach stops that leaf occurs and field lotus leaf when dark green, in time the bright lotus root on the digging coach; Remove its apical dominance; Utilize foster part of the lotus leaf manufacturing on lotus root water in field face top again, promote the side whip further to grow, let the side whip also can grow up to bright lotus root through after the regrowth.Like this, twice results of the present invention's field planting of ability are greatly practiced thrift lotus rhizome amount and are improved bright lotus root single rate, and are adapted at the application of domestic all lotus rhizome producing regions.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide shallow pond, a kind of greenhouse lotus root stalk hydromining off the net cultivation method.

For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:

Shallow pond, a kind of greenhouse lotus root stalk hydromining off the net cultivation method; Be the shallow pond lotus root stalk hydromining off the net cultivation method under the facility cultivation condition, comprise: greenhouse by solar heat is built, the pond is built in the lotus root standardization of shallow pond, balance formula fertilising, the plantation of shallow pond lotus root, stalk cover the button net, 8 links are sold in the management of shallow pond lotus root, hydromining results, storage; It is characterized in that:

(1) pond is built in shallow pond lotus root standardization:

1.1 lotus root pond addressing: be selected in sunny, wasteland, the edge of the village, waste residence, discarded pit-pond, Collapse by Mining district and the saline land, the waterlogged lowland that do not have trees to cover;

1.2 the pond is built in standardization: the dark 40cm in pond is dug in cement stripping and slicing pond, and pool wall is vertical; Pound and help the pond to dig the dark 53cm in pond, 60 ° of pool wall gradients at the hammer end;

1.2.1 build cement stripping and slicing pond: buildup depth is 30cm, every 666.67m ²With 30cm * 770 of 20cm cement strippings and slicings, 425# cement 12t, sand 60t, Φ 0.2mm Kapton; Kapton reacts the resin solution that produces by pyromellitic acid anhydride and 4.4-diaminodiphenyl ether in extremely strong property solvent, process through film forming, high temperature dehydration etc. again; Method is that use cement, sand again, ratio: the 1:4-6 mixing stirs, and floor file 5～8cm, striaght cement are wiped one's face earlier with Φ 0.2mm Kapton or Φ 0.2mm polytetrafluoroethylene film shop fixtures and all around; Usefulness is found in 30cm * 20cm cement stripping and slicing, the husky grey jointing of cement, wipes one's face, and wipes one's face with striaght cement at last;

Pound the group pond 1.2.2 build the hammer end; Build up the dark 60cm in pond, lime 2t need be used in every 666.67m2 lotus root pond, m surplus the cement 8t, sand 30t, 8 films 800 ², about 230 of 50cm * 70cm, thick 5cm prefabricated section; Method is: the one, hammer is pounded group in the end lime is cast aside at the bottom of the pond, revolve 2～3 times with rotary plow, dark 20cm, after native ash mixes, with machinery with leveling compacting at the bottom of the pond, with 3:7 dirt with the pool wall compacting; The 2nd, the shop film; After hammer is pounded group in the end, with Φ 0.2mm Kapton or Φ 0.2mm polytetrafluoroethylene film with the pond at the bottom of, pool wall paves and completes; The 3rd, behind the film of shop fixtures shop, floating with the concrete that 2～5cm is thick; The 4th, upright swash plate; (length * wide * thick=60cm * 30cm * 5cm) stands in around the sidewall of pool wall, with cement seam is smeared with ready prefabricated cement swash plate;

(2) greenhouse by solar heat is built:

After the pond is built in the lotus root standardization of shallow pond, to carry out greenhouse by solar heat and build perhaps construction greenhouse by solar heat earlier, laggard column criterionization is built the pond;

Different based on geographic latitude, heliogreenhouse is built and built equally with local winter warm type green house of vegetables, and requirement is: the pond is built in standardization, and will to be fit to that heliogreenhouse builds be the winter warm type big shack construction; Construction finishes before requiring by the end of January on time, and accomplishes the button canopy, is beneficial to improve ground temperature;

(3) balance formula fertilising:

Build and carry out the balance formula fertilising behind the pond:

3.1 balance formula fertilising index:, carry out the balance formula fertilising according to breediness and the regulation of fertilizer requirement of shallow pond lotus root; The balance formula fertilising, kg/666.67m ², N:P ₂O ₅: K ₂O: borax: zinc sulphate percentage by weight index: 15～25:8～22:15～22:0.2～0.4:0.2～0.4;

3.2 balance formula fertilizing method: spread stalk earlier after building the pond,, puddle evenly with bacterial classification 1kg " No. 001 plant vaccine " according to every 500kg stalk with crushed stalk to 5～10cm length such as wheat straw, corn stalk, straw or weeds; Thickness 5～30cm in the pond is gone in the shop; Then cover topsoil loam 10～15cm, require P in soil H value will be controlled in the 6-8, best pH value is 6.5-7; Select the garden mould of river embankment mud, paddy soils, vegetable field for use, can not use industrial pollution soil; Every once more 666.67m ²Use farmyard manure 5000kg, simultaneously with 666.67m ²Using potassium sulphate 50～60kg is radix, according to balance formula fertilising index, is equipped with that diammonium phosphate, urine are disorderly, boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, mixes and spreads fertilizer over the fields; Little water flood irrigation after accomplishing, the depth of water 0.5～2cm is advisable; Accomplish before requiring by the end of January on time, be beneficial to the raising water temperature;

(4) shallow pond lotus root plantation:

When water temperature reaches 10～15 ℃, carry out the lotus root plantation of shallow pond; Generally, shift to an earlier date 30～50 days than field production at the early and middle ten days in February;

4.1 shallow pond lotus root screening varieties: select lotus root shallow water lotus root will select all less early-maturing variety of lotus root and leaf, select the Jinan Rhizoma Saururi, E Liansi, No. five, " celestial beautiful lotus No. 2 ", " celestial beautiful lotus No. 3 ", " space lotus " kind; Kind of lotus root is generally dug out before planting in facing, and the whole lotus root that choosing meets this breediness and has a sub-lotus root is cooked the lotus root kind, and sub-lotus root must extend the lotus whip to same direction growth regularly; Note not damaging terminal bud when digging lotus root; Plant lotus root generally in the 2nd 1.7cm place, back cut-out successively, must guard against with hand and break off with the fingers and thumb, cause mashed kind in case muddy water pours into the lotus root hole; After digging lotus root, subsequent use after vexed 1 day to 50% carbendazim soup of 400～500 times of kind of lotus root sprays, in case rot takes place;

4.2 lotus root is planted in shallow pond; The row of crying lotus root again, every 666.67m ²With about 500 kilograms of lotus roots, line-spacing is 150～200cm, and spacing in the rows is 60～100cm; Row's lotus root method: by the seeding row spacing row lotus root of regulation, it is dark that general lotus root head is imbedded in the stalk 12～15cm, and stick up joint on the water surface slightly the back, improves temperature to utilize sunlight, promotes rudiment; Row's lotus root mode is a lot, has towards a direction, also has several row to arrange relatively; With leg-of-mutton sky is arranged better between each strain; The lotus whip is evenly distributed, avoids crowded, require the first rule of surrounding row lotus root when planting in the pond; In order to avoid the lotus whip stretches out outside the ridge, saved the operation that the lotus rhizome vigorous period changes the lotus root head like this;

(5) stalk covers the button net

After shallow pond lotus root is planted and finishes, carry out stalk and cover the button net; Stalk covers: with bacterial classification 1kg " No. 001 plant vaccine " and wheat straw, straw, weeds stalk, except the maize straw, puddle evenly according to every 500kg stalk, cover thickness 3～10cm; Detain the net compacting: the use width of mesh is that the nylon wire of 3～10cm covers, and wooden stick or the bamboo pole with long 100～300cm, diameter 5～10cm twines all around, is placed on the pool side compacting, and not moving about with stalks mulching is standard; The depth of water is to exceed stalk 2～7cm for suitable;

Twice stalk covers every 666.67m ²Need with 10000～15000 kg about 25 mu of (666.67m ²) the crops straw amount;

(6) shallow pond lotus root management:

After stalk covered the button net, get into the shallow pond lotus root field management stage: require water temperature 15-25 ℃ in the booth, temperature 15-33 ℃, air humidity RH was 50-85%.

6.1 weeding, priming leaf, defloration:

At lotus leaf Feng Hangqian not, carry out weeding in conjunction with fertilising, weeding should be carried out in the both sides of leaf roll, pulls up weeds and fills in below the lotus root as fertilizer sources in the mud immediately; About field planting 1 month, floating leaf is gradually withered, should pluck, and sunlight is penetrated improve water temperature in the water, and when 5～6 leaves were arranged, at this moment lotus leaf was luxuriant, had sealed row, and underground morning, lotus root began to sit lotus root, and the weeding of should not going to the field again is in order to avoid the lotus root body of damaging; To adopt the lotus root pond that lotus root is a purpose, the knot of blooming consumes nutrient, and having bud to take place should be tortuous with bennet, not broken, in order to avoid rainwater causes rotten by the pore intrusion; About every separated two weeks, fish for once, duckweed and moss are pulled out from the pond with dredger; If found in the pond that water is continuous, must prevent and treat with the method for full pool spilling head copper-bath; The consumption of copper sulphate is decided according to the depth of water, every 666.67m ²The consumption in field calculates according to the consumption of 10cm depth of water 0.5kg copper sulphate; Often pull out the weeds on the limit, pond, improve ventilation condition;

Get into by the end of May, should throw off the film of the booth in greenhouse fully, improve the ventilation and penetrating light condition;

Get into for 6～July and just get into and finish the lotus root phase: become the lotus root phase to need certain soil temperature; Become the lotus root phase: shallow water, in order to improving soil temperature, quicken the formation of lotus root; From the knot lotus root phase, no longer add water in the cement pond, and its natural evaporation of leaving;

6.2 topdress:

The lotus rhizome happiness is fertile, and fertilizer is main with base manure generally, and base manure accounts for full phase fertilizing amount 70%, topdresses to account for 50% of full phase fertilizing amount; Seeding is close, the fertilising early of gathering is many; The every 666.67m of base manure ²Execute the 5000kg fertilizer approximately; Topdress and be divided into twice, the 1 time when the lotus root lotus bears 6～7 leaves and just getting into vigorous period, every 666.67m ²Execute diammonium phosphate 10kg, potash fertilizer 10kg, boron fertilizer 0.1kg, zinc fertilizer 0.1kg; The 2nd when beginning, be called " urge lotus root fertile ", 666.67m inferior to the knot lotus root ²Execute the compound 50kg of ternary; Should put shallow water before each fertilising, let fertilizer suck in the soil, and then pour water to the original degree of depth; The slow flushing with clean water lotus leaf that waters as fertile not enough, can chase after NPK 15kg/666.67m after topdressing ²Proportion of additional fertilizer carries out according to the strictness of balance formula fertilising index;

6.3 regulating water level:

Shallow pond lotus root keeps shallow water 2～5cm to the budding stage surplus 10 day behind the row lotus root, to improve soil temperature, impel germination; Along with the vigorous growth of Li Ye and branch adds profundal zone to 5～12cm gradually, up to sitting lotus root period; Should put shallow water position 2～7cm in preceding 1 month gathering, promote the knot lotus root;

6.4 prevention and elimination of disease and pests:

The shallow pond main disease of lotus root is a rot, and the method for preventing and treating is used lime disinfection, every 666.67m before the row lotus root ²With quicklime 50～70kg, quicklime is evenly put into the lotus root pond of being with water, prevent and prevent and treat this disease through lime, have the effect of the pasture and water of going out simultaneously; Main insect pest is aphid and prodenia litura, and aphid can be used Imidacloprid, the control of aphid lice removing pesticide; Prodenia litura can be used pyrethrin pesticide, presses down hooligan, stuck gram, dish happiness pesticide control;

(7) become lotus root phase hydraulic giant to gather:

Get into August, at first remove the nylon netting twine when adopting lotus root; When adopting lotus root earlier with the water emptying of lotus root pond, with giant (pressure: 50-150Mpa, Lin Jun mechanical & electronic equipment corporation, Ltd in Guangzhou provides; " peel off " rotten grass and mud on one side in order from certain down together); Treat that whole lotus root manifests fully and can catch the back slowly proposition, simple and fast, the lotus root soma does not have breakage only; The water that hydraulic giant penetrates can be discharged or the hydraulic giant recycle simultaneously;

(8) storage is sold:

Lotus rhizome is burying in the pond, neither can rot, and also undergoes no deterioration, and can gather in the crops spring in the coming year always.

Good effect of the present invention:

1, the shallow pond of heliogreenhouse lotus root cultivation can do sth. in advance and postpone to go on the market based on market conditions, not only improves output but also increase benefit;

2, build shallow pond and cultivate shallow pond lotus root, can using water wisely, electricity consumption, be beneficial to management and gather;

3, shallow pond lotus root stalk culture underglass off the net can prevent crop straw burning, CO ₂Discharging, the advantage of reallocating resources promotes the utilization again of agricultural wastes, reduces environmental pollution, saves labor, and increasing both production and income is beneficial to and gathers, and improves shallow pond lotus root yield and quality, and economy, ecological benefits are remarkable; 666.67m ²Output is more than 4800kg.

4, the shallow pond of balance formula fertilising cultivation lotus root can practice thrift fertilizer, reduces investment, enlarge benefit, produces organic products.

5, shallow pond lotus root hydromining is gathered with hydraulic giant exactly, can be time saving and energy saving, raise labour efficiency surplus in the of 10 times, and reduce disconnected lotus root quantity, improve whole lotus root rate, grade and economic benefit.

6,666.67m ²Output is more than 4800kg, and not only output is high, and can do sth. in advance and postpone to go on the market according to market conditions, and is profitable.Management is simple, is easy to promote.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is described further:

Technical scheme of the present invention is following: main body of the present invention is the shallow pond lotus root stalk hydromining off the net cultivation method under the facility cultivation condition, comprising: greenhouse by solar heat is built, the pond is built in the lotus root standardization of shallow pond, balance formula fertilising, the plantation of shallow pond lotus root, stalk cover the button net, 8 links are sold in the management of shallow pond lotus root, hydromining results, storage.Concrete technical scheme is following:

1. the pond is built in the lotus root standardization of shallow pond

1.1 lotus root pond addressing: be selected in sunnyly, not have wasteland, the edge of the village, waste residence, discarded pit-pond, Collapse by Mining district and saline land that trees cover, waterlogged lowland etc.

1.2 the pond is built in standardization: the dark 40cm in pond is dug in cement stripping and slicing pond, and pool wall is vertical.Pound and help the pond to dig the dark 53cm in pond, 60 ° of pool wall gradients at the hammer end.

1.2.1 build cement stripping and slicing pond.Buildup depth is 30cm, every 666.67m ²(in extremely strong property solvent, react the resin solution that produces by pyromellitic acid anhydride and 4.4-diaminodiphenyl ether, process through film forming, high temperature dehydration etc. again with 30cm * 770 of 20cm cement strippings and slicings, 425# cement 12t, sand 60t, Φ 0.2mm Kapton.This film has good warm tolerance (200) cold-resistant (60), radiation resistance, resistance to water, acid resistance, anti-solvent and anti-fluorine Lyons property.The extraordinary insulating material factory in Penglai City produces); Method is that (ratio: 1:4-6) mixing stirs, and floor file 5～8cm, striaght cement are wiped one's face to use cement, sand more earlier with Φ 0.2mm Kapton or Φ 0.2mm polytetrafluoroethylene film shop fixtures and all around.The 3rd, usefulness is found in 30cm * 20cm cement stripping and slicing, the husky grey jointing of cement, wipes one's face, and wipes one's face with striaght cement at last.

Pound the group pond 1.2.2 build the hammer end.Build up the dark 60cm in pond, lime 2t need be used in every 666.67m2 lotus root pond, m surplus the cement 8t, sand 30t, 8 films 800 ², about 230 of 50cm * 70cm, thick 5cm prefabricated section; Method is: the one, hammer is pounded group in the end lime is cast aside at the bottom of the pond, revolve 2～3 times with rotary plow, dark 20cm, after native ash mixes, with machinery with leveling compacting at the bottom of the pond, with 3:7 dirt with the pool wall compacting.The 2nd, the shop film.After hammer is pounded group in the end, with Φ 0.2mm Kapton or Φ 0.2mm polytetrafluoroethylene film with the pond at the bottom of, pool wall paves and completes.The 3rd, behind the film of shop fixtures shop, floating with the concrete that 2～5cm is thick.The 4th, upright swash plate.(length * wide * thick=60cm * 30cm * 5cm) stands in around the sidewall of pool wall, with cement seam is smeared with ready prefabricated cement swash plate.

2 greenhouse by solar heats are built

After the pond is built in the lotus root standardization of shallow pond, to carry out greenhouse by solar heat and build perhaps construction greenhouse by solar heat earlier, laggard column criterionization is built the pond.

Different based on geographic latitude, heliogreenhouse is built with local winter warm type green house of vegetables construction the same, and requirement is: the pond is built in standardization will be fit to heliogreenhouse construction (winter warm type big shack) construction.Construction finishes before requiring by the end of January on time, and accomplishes the button canopy, is beneficial to improve ground temperature.

3. balance formula fertilising

Carry out the balance formula fertilising after building the pond.

3.1 balance formula fertilising index.According to breediness and the regulation of fertilizer requirement of shallow pond lotus root, carry out the balance formula fertilising.Balance fertilizing can promote that each position growth of lotus rhizome is coordinated, stalwartness, lays the first stone for improving resistance and obtaining high yield.Nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer ratio unreasonable (nitrogenous fertilizer or nitrogen phosphorus fertilizer are more, potash fertilizer is less), and do not use boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer, output are generally low more than 20% than the prescription balance fertilizing, and disease resistance weakens, and suffer serious rot easily.

Balance formula fertilising (kg/666.67m ²) (N:P ₂O ₅: K ₂O: borax: percentage by weight index: 15～25:8～22:15～22:0.2～0.4:0.2～0.4 zinc sulphate).This is 666.67m ²Output is at the above balance formula Application Ratio of 4800kg.

3.2 balance formula fertilizing method.Spread stalk earlier after building the pond; With crushed stalk to 5～10cm length such as wheat straw, corn stalk, straw or weeds; Puddle evenly with bacterial classification 1kg " No. 001 plant vaccine " (sky, Shandong and biotechnology Co., Ltd produce, and can be the needed carbonic acid gas of crop, heat, mineral element, organic matter etc. with the stalk decomposition and inversion, and then obtain high yield, high-quality, non-harmful agricultural product) according to every 500kg stalk; Thickness 5～30cm in the pond is gone in the shop; Then cover topsoil loam 10～15cm, require P in soil H value will be controlled in the 6-8, best pH value is 6.5-7; The garden mould of the most handy river embankment mud, paddy soils, vegetable field, but definitely can not recruitment already pollute soil.Every once more 666.67m ²Use farmyard manure 5000kg, simultaneously with 666.67m ²Using potassium sulphate 50～60kg is radix, according to balance formula fertilising index, is equipped with that diammonium phosphate, urine are disorderly, boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, mixes and spreads fertilizer over the fields.Little water flood irrigation after accomplishing, the depth of water 0.5～2cm is advisable.Accomplish before requiring by the end of January on time, be beneficial to the raising water temperature.

4. the lotus root plantation of shallow pond

When water temperature reaches 10～15 ℃, carry out the lotus root plantation of shallow pond.Generally, shift to an earlier date 30～50 days than field production at the early and middle ten days in February.

4.1 shallow pond lotus root screening varieties.Select lotus root shallow water lotus root will select all less early-maturing variety of lotus root and leaf, like the Jinan Rhizoma Saururi, kind such as E Liansi, No. five, " celestial beautiful lotus No. 2 ", " celestial beautiful lotus No. 3 ", " space lotus ".Kind of lotus root is generally dug out before planting in facing, and the whole lotus root that choosing meets this breediness and has a sub-lotus root is cooked the lotus root kind, and sub-lotus root must extend the lotus whip to same direction growth regularly.Note not damaging terminal bud when digging lotus root.Plant lotus root generally in the 2nd 1.7cm place, back cut-out successively, must guard against with hand and break off with the fingers and thumb, cause mashed kind in case muddy water pours into the lotus root hole.After digging lotus root, subsequent use after vexed 1 day to 50% carbendazim soup of 400～500 times of kind of lotus root sprays, in case rot takes place.

4.2 lotus root is planted in shallow pond.The row of crying lotus root again.Every 666.67m ²With about lotus root 500kg, line-spacing is 150～200cm, and spacing in the rows is 60～100cm.Row's lotus root method: by the seeding row spacing row lotus root of regulation, it is dark that general lotus root head is imbedded in the stalk 12～15cm, and stick up joint on the water surface slightly the back, improves temperature to utilize sunlight, promotes rudiment.Row's lotus root mode is a lot, has towards a direction, also has several row to arrange relatively; With leg-of-mutton sky is arranged better between each strain; The lotus whip is evenly distributed, avoids crowded, require the first rule of surrounding row lotus root when planting in the pond; In order to avoid the lotus whip stretches out outside the ridge, saved the operation that the lotus rhizome vigorous period changes the lotus root head like this.

5. stalk covers the button net

After shallow pond lotus root is planted and finishes, carry out stalk and cover the button net.Stalk covers: (sky, Shandong and biotechnology Co., Ltd produce with bacterial classification 1kg " No. 001 plant vaccine " according to every 500kg stalk; Can be the needed carbonic acid gas of crop, heat, mineral element, organic matter etc. with the stalk decomposition and inversion; And then obtain high yield, high-quality, non-harmful agricultural product) puddle evenly with stalks such as wheat straw, straw, weeds (except the maize straw, because stalk is too big, it is too slow to become thoroughly decomposed above being placed on); Cover thicker 3～10cm.Because stalk light specific gravity; Swim in the water surface after the covering easily, must detain the net compacting: the use width of mesh is that the nylon wire of 3～10cm covers, and wooden stick or the bamboo pole with long 100～300cm, diameter 5～10cm twines all around; Be placed on the pool side compacting, not moving about with stalks mulching is standard.The depth of water is to exceed stalk 2～7cm for suitable.

Twice stalk covers every 666.67m ²Need with 10000～15000 kg about 25 mu of (666.67m ², down with) the crops straw amount.Be one of best reformulations of crops straw, the stalk consumption is big, can stop " the three autumn jobs as harvesting, tilling and planting three summer jobs " peasant effectively and disorderly burn the bad habit of stalk, has reduced environmental pollution and CO ₂Discharging.

6. the management of shallow pond lotus root

Stalk gets into the shallow pond lotus root field management stage after covering the button net.Require water temperature 15-25 ℃ in the booth, temperature 15-33 ℃, air humidity RH is 50-85%.

6.1 weeding, priming leaf, defloration

At lotus leaf Feng Hangqian not, carry out weeding in conjunction with fertilising, weeding should be carried out in the both sides of leaf roll, pulls up weeds and fills in below the lotus root as fertilizer sources in the mud immediately.About field planting 1 month, floating leaf is gradually withered, should pluck, and sunlight is penetrated improve water temperature in the water, and when 5～6 leaves were arranged, at this moment lotus leaf was luxuriant, had sealed row, and underground morning, lotus root began to sit lotus root, and the weeding of should not going to the field again is in order to avoid the lotus root body of damaging.To adopt the lotus root pond that lotus root is a purpose, the knot of blooming consumes nutrient, and having bud to take place should be tortuous with bennet, not broken, in order to avoid rainwater causes rotten by the pore intrusion.

Along with the rising of temperature, duckweed and moss in the pond slowly grow, if having duckweed to cover in the pond and the moss covering, can reduce water temperature, influence the germination and the normal growth of lotus root whip.Therefore, about every separated two weeks, should fish for once, duckweed and moss are pulled out from the pond with dredger.

Sometimes a kind of special moss can occur in the pond, be " water is continuous ".Floating on the water surface of " water is continuous " bulk bulk salvages it, will show Fibrotic essence.Dry later water is continuous, silk fibre thread, coming if in water, spread, lotus rhizome will be dead because of anoxic.If found in the pond that water is continuous, can't fall to despise, must prevent and treat with the method for full pool spilling head copper-bath.The consumption of copper sulphate is decided according to the depth of water, and the consumption in every mu of field calculates according to the consumption of 10cm depth of water 0.5kg copper sulphate.

Behind the lotus rhizome exhibition leaf, close in the pond, ventilation condition variation, and the weeds on this moment limit, pond also are very luxuriant, therefore, often pull out the weeds on the limit, pond, improve ventilation condition is very beneficial to the growth of lotus rhizome.

Get into by the end of May, should throw off the film of the booth in greenhouse fully, improve the ventilation and penetrating light condition.

Get into for 6～July and just got into " knot lotus root phase ": lotus rhizome is bloomed the later stage, and underground " lotus root whip " no longer extends, and begins to expand into lotus root.General subterranean stem the 15th joint begins into lotus root later, and the forming process of lotus root approximately needs through 15-20 days.

Becoming the characteristics of lotus root phase is that plant overground part poor growth is gradually ended, but the conversion acceleration of the inner nutriment of plant, subterranean stem increases thick hypertrophy.At this moment need certain soil temperature.Management characteristic according to the drowning lotus root of lotus of rising will be hoped for success the lotus root phase: shallow water, in order to improving soil temperature, quicken the formation of lotus root.From the knot lotus root phase, no longer add water in the cement pond, and its natural evaporation of leaving.

6.2 topdress

The lotus rhizome happiness is fertile, and fertilizer is main with base manure generally, and base manure accounts for full phase fertilizing amount 70%, topdresses to account for 50% of full phase fertilizing amount.Seeding is close, the fertilising early of gathering is many.Base manure is executed the 5000kg fertilizer for every mu approximately.Topdressing is divided into twice, the 1 time when the lotus root lotus bears 6～7 leaves and just getting into vigorous period, executes diammonium phosphate 10kg, potash fertilizer 10kg, boron fertilizer 0.1kg, zinc fertilizer 0.1kg for every mu; The 2nd when beginning, be called " urge lotus root fertile " inferior to the knot lotus root, mu is executed the compound 50kg of ternary.Should put shallow water before each fertilising, let fertilizer suck in the soil, and then pour water to the original degree of depth.The slow flushing with clean water lotus leaf that waters as fertile not enough, can chase after NPK 15kg/ mu after topdressing.Proportion of additional fertilizer carries out according to the strictness of balance formula fertilising index.

6.3 regulating water level

Shallow pond lotus root keeps shallow water 2～5cm to the budding stage surplus 10 day behind the row lotus root, to improve soil temperature, impel germination.Along with the vigorous growth of Li Ye and branch adds profundal zone to 5～12cm gradually, up to sitting lotus root period.Should put shallow water position 2～7cm in preceding 1 month gathering, promote the knot lotus root.

6.4 prevention and elimination of disease and pests

The shallow pond main disease of lotus root is a rot, is caused by sickle-like bacteria.The method of preventing and treating use lime disinfection row before the lotus root, and every mu with quicklime 50～70kg, and quicklime is evenly put into the lotus root pond of being with water, prevents and prevent and treat this disease through lime, has the effect of the pasture and water of going out simultaneously.Main insect pest is aphid and prodenia litura, and aphid can be used pesticide controls such as Imidacloprid, aphid lice be clean.Prodenia litura can be used pyrethrin pesticide, press down pesticide controls such as hooligan, stuck gram, dish happiness, stops pesticide pollution and low-residual, guarantees the production of organic products.

7. become lotus root phase hydraulic giant to gather

Get into August, when lotus leaf is withered or when sallow, shallow pond lotus root gets into into the lotus root phase, can according to market conditions at any time hydraulic giant adopt lotus root.At first remove the nylon netting twine when adopting lotus root.Because lotus root field straw content is high, it is fast to become thoroughly decomposed, soil property is few, so lotus root field soil property is soft, is prone to gather.Earlier with the water emptying of lotus root pond, " peel off " rotten grass and mud in order from certain on one side when adopting lotus root with giant (electronic or gasoline engine drives), treat whole lotus root manifest fully can catch after slowly proposition, simple and fast, the lotus root soma does not have breakage only.The water that hydraulic giant penetrates can be discharged or the hydraulic giant recycle simultaneously.Can receive for each person every day more than the lotus root 4000kg, tradition digs that lotus root 400kg/ days efficient is high, suitable for all ages, innovation is gathered, and pattern is outstanding.

8. storage is sold

According to the market in market in batches hydraulic giant excavate ahead of time and postpone listing, before and after the Mid-autumn Festival, National Day, New Year's Day, constant pitch day in the Spring Festival, the demand of lotus rhizome is big, price is high, is chosen in these times to sell high efficiency.

Embodiment 1

1. the pond is built in the lotus root standardization of shallow pond

1.2 the pond is built in standardization: the dark 40cm in pond is dug in cement stripping and slicing pond, and pool wall is vertical.Pound and help the pond to dig the dark 53cm in pond, 60 ° of pool wall gradients at the hammer end.Buildup depth is 30cm, every 666.67m ²(in extremely strong property solvent, react the resin solution that produces by pyromellitic acid anhydride and 4.4-diaminodiphenyl ether, process through film forming, high temperature dehydration etc. again with 30cm * 770 of 20cm cement strippings and slicings, 425# cement 12t, sand 60t, Φ 0.2mm Kapton.This film has good warm tolerance (200) cold-resistant (60), radiation resistance, resistance to water, acid resistance, anti-solvent and anti-fluorine Lyons property.The extraordinary insulating material factory in Penglai City produces); Method is that (ratio: 1:4-6) mixing stirs, and floor file 5～8cm, striaght cement are wiped one's face to use cement, sand more earlier with Φ 0.2mm Kapton or Φ 0.2mm polytetrafluoroethylene film shop fixtures and all around.The 3rd, usefulness is found in 30cm * 20cm cement stripping and slicing, the husky grey jointing of cement, wipes one's face, and wipes one's face with striaght cement at last.

2. greenhouse by solar heat is built

3. balance formula fertilising

Carry out the balance formula fertilising after building the pond.

Balance formula fertilising (kg/666.67m ²) (N:P2O5:K2O: borax: percentage by weight index: 15～25:8～22:15～22:0.2～0.4:0.2～0.4 zinc sulphate).This is 666.67m ²Output is at the above balance formula Application Ratio of 4800kg.

4. the lotus root plantation of shallow pond

4.2 lotus root is planted in shallow pond.The row of crying lotus root again.Every mu with about 500 kilograms of lotus roots, and line-spacing is 150～200cm, and spacing in the rows is 60～100cm.Row's lotus root method: by the seeding row spacing row lotus root of regulation, it is dark that general lotus root head is imbedded in the stalk 12～15cm, and stick up joint on the water surface slightly the back, improves temperature to utilize sunlight, promotes rudiment.Row's lotus root mode is a lot, has towards a direction, also has several row to arrange relatively; With leg-of-mutton sky is arranged better between each strain; The lotus whip is evenly distributed, avoids crowded, require the first rule of surrounding row lotus root when planting in the pond; In order to avoid the lotus whip stretches out outside the ridge, saved the operation that the lotus rhizome vigorous period changes the lotus root head like this.

5. stalk covers the button net

After shallow pond lotus root is planted and finishes, carry out stalk and cover the button net.Stalk covers: (sky, Shandong and biotechnology Co., Ltd produce with bacterial classification 1kg " No. 001 plant vaccine " according to every 500kg stalk; Can be the needed carbonic acid gas of crop, heat, mineral element, organic matter etc. with the stalk decomposition and inversion; And then obtain high yield, high-quality, non-harmful agricultural product) puddle evenly with stalks such as wheat straw, straw, weeds (except the maize straw, because stalk is too big, it is too slow to become thoroughly decomposed above being placed on); Cover thickness 3～10cm.Because stalk light specific gravity; Swim in the water surface after the covering easily, must detain the net compacting: the use width of mesh is that the nylon wire of 3～10cm covers, and wooden stick or the bamboo pole with long 100～300cm, diameter 5～10cm twines all around; Be placed on the pool side compacting, not moving about with stalks mulching is standard.The depth of water is to exceed stalk 2～7cm for suitable.

Twice stalk covers, and every mu needs with 10000～15000 kg about 25 mu of (666.67m ², down with) the crops straw amount.Be one of best reformulations of crops straw, the stalk consumption is big, can stop " the three autumn jobs as harvesting, tilling and planting three summer jobs " peasant effectively and disorderly burn the bad habit of stalk, has reduced environmental pollution and CO2 discharging.

6. the lotus root management of shallow pond

6.1 weeding, priming leaf, defloration

Sometimes a kind of special moss can occur in the pond, be " water is continuous ".Floating on the water surface of " water is continuous " bulk bulk salvages it, will show Fibrotic essence.Dry later water is continuous, silk fibre thread, coming if in water, spread, lotus rhizome will be dead because of anoxic.If found in the pond that water is continuous, can't fall to despise, must prevent and treat with the method for full pool spilling head copper-bath.The consumption of copper sulphate is decided according to the depth of water, and the consumption in every mu of field calculates according to the consumption of the 10 centimetres of depth of water 0.5 kilo sulfuric acid copper.

6.2 topdress

6.3 regulating water level

6.4 prevention and elimination of disease and pests

7. become lotus root phase hydraulic giant to gather

8. storage is sold

Embodiment 2:

1. the pond is built in the lotus root standardization of shallow pond

1.2 the pond is built in standardization: the group pond is pounded at the construction hammer end.Build up the dark 60cm in pond, every 666.67m ²Lime 2t need be used in the lotus root pond, m surplus the cement 8t, sand 30t, 8 films 800 ², about 230 of 50cm * 70cm, thick 5cm prefabricated section; Method is: the one, hammer is pounded group in the end lime is cast aside at the bottom of the pond, revolve 2～3 times with rotary plow, dark 20cm, after native ash mixes, with machinery with leveling compacting at the bottom of the pond, with 3:7 dirt with the pool wall compacting.The 2nd, the shop film.After hammer is pounded group in the end, with Φ 0.2mm Kapton or Φ 0.2mm polytetrafluoroethylene film with the pond at the bottom of, pool wall paves and completes.The 3rd, behind the film of shop fixtures shop, floating with the concrete that 2～5cm is thick.The 4th, upright swash plate.(length * wide * thick=60cm * 30cm * 5cm) stands in around the sidewall of pool wall, with cement seam is smeared with ready prefabricated cement swash plate.

2. greenhouse by solar heat is built

3. balance formula fertilising

Carry out the balance formula fertilising after building the pond.

Balance formula fertilising (kg/666.67m ²) (N:P ₂O ⁵: K ₂O: borax: percentage by weight index: 15～25:8～22:15～22:0.2～0.4:0.2～0.4 zinc sulphate).This is that 666.67m2 output is at the above balance formula Application Ratio of 4800kg.

4. the lotus root plantation of shallow pond

5. stalk covers the button net

6. the lotus root management of shallow pond

6.1 weeding, priming leaf, defloration

6.2 topdress

6.3 regulating water level

6.4 prevention and elimination of disease and pests

7. become lotus root phase hydraulic giant to gather

8. storage is sold

Claims

1. a greenhouse shallow pond lotus root stalk hydromining off the net cultivation method; Be the shallow pond lotus root stalk hydromining off the net cultivation method under the facility cultivation condition, comprise: greenhouse by solar heat is built, the pond is built in the lotus root standardization of shallow pond, balance formula fertilising, the plantation of shallow pond lotus root, stalk cover the button net, 8 links are sold in the management of shallow pond lotus root, hydromining results, storage; It is characterized in that:

(1) pond is built in shallow pond lotus root standardization:

Pound the group pond 1.2.2 build the hammer end; Build up the dark 60cm in pond, lime 2t need be used in every 666.67m2 lotus root pond, m surplus the cement 8t, sand 30t, 8 films 800 ², about 230 of 50cm * 70cm, thick 5cm prefabricated section; Method is: the one, hammer is pounded group in the end lime is cast aside at the bottom of the pond, revolve 2～3 times with rotary plow, dark 20cm, after native ash mixes, with machinery with leveling compacting at the bottom of the pond, with 3:7 dirt with the pool wall compacting; The 2nd, the shop film; After hammer is pounded group in the end, with Φ 0.2mm Kapton or Φ 0.2mm polytetrafluoroethylene film with the pond at the bottom of, pool wall paves and completes; The 3rd, behind the film of shop fixtures shop, floating with the concrete that 2～5cm is thick; The 4th, upright swash plate; With ready prefabricated cement swash plate, length * wide * thick=60cm * 30cm * 5cm stands in around the sidewall of pool wall, with cement seam is smeared;

(2) greenhouse by solar heat is built:

(3) balance formula fertilising:

Build and carry out the balance formula fertilising behind the pond:

3.2 balance formula fertilizing method: spread stalk earlier after building the pond,, puddle evenly with bacterial classification 1kg " No. 001 plant vaccine " according to every 500kg stalk with crushed stalk to 5～10cm length such as wheat straw, corn stalk, straw or weeds; Thickness 5～30cm in the pond is gone in the shop; Then cover topsoil loam 10～15cm, require P in soil H value will be controlled in the 6-8, best pH value is 6.5-7; Select the garden mould of river embankment mud, paddy soils, vegetable field for use, can not use industrial pollution soil; Every once more 666.67m ²Use farmyard manure 5000kg, simultaneously using potassium sulphate 50～60kg with 666.67m2 is radix, according to balance formula fertilising index, is equipped with that diammonium phosphate, urine are disorderly, boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, mixes and spreads fertilizer over the fields; Little water flood irrigation after accomplishing, the depth of water 0.5～2cm is advisable; Accomplish before requiring by the end of January on time, be beneficial to the raising water temperature;

(4) shallow pond lotus root plantation:

(5) stalk covers the button net

Twice stalk covers every 666.67m ²Need with 10000～15000 kg 25 mu crops straw amount;

(6) shallow pond lotus root management:

After stalk covered the button net, get into the shallow pond lotus root field management stage: require water temperature 15-25 ℃ in the booth, temperature 15-33 ℃, air humidity RH was 50-85%;

6.1 weeding, priming leaf, defloration:

6.2 topdress:

6.3 regulating water level:

6.4 prevention and elimination of disease and pests:

(7) become lotus root phase hydraulic giant to gather:

Get into August, at first remove the nylon netting twine when adopting lotus root; Earlier with the water emptying of lotus root pond, use giant, pressure when adopting lotus root: 50-150MPa, " peel off " rotten grass and mud in order from certain on one side, treat that whole lotus root manifests fully can catch afterwards slowly proposition, simple and fast, the lotus root soma does not have breakage only; The water that hydraulic giant penetrates can be discharged or the hydraulic giant recycle simultaneously;

(8) storage is sold: